USA > New York > Oneida County > Our county and its people; a descriptive work on Oneida county, New York; > Part 53
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The old bank of Rome flourished many years prior to 1863, when its charter expired and its affairs were closed up. The present Bank of Rome was organized under the State law in 1875, with a capital of $100,000. W. J. P. Kingsley was elected president and still holds the office. R. M. Bingham, the first vice-president, was succeeded by Ed- ward Comstock. Samuel Wardwell is cashier.
The Fort Stanwix National Bank was organized as a State bank in 1847, and began business with David Utley, president ; W. W. Nellis, cashier ; H. G. Utley, teller. It was changed to a national bank in 1865 and after a long and honorable career, was wrecked early in 1896, through bad management of its president, George Barnard. Its affairs are being closed up while this work is in press.
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OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
The Rome Savings Bank was organized in 1851, and has enjoyed public confidence and support ever since. Henry Braton was the first president ; Andrew C. Betts, vice-president ; B. J. Beach, secretary ; Henry D. Spencer, the present president, was elected in 1891 ; Wheeler Armstrong, first vice- president ; A. P. Fuller, second vice-president ; C. F. Barnard, secretary and treasurer.
The Oneida County Savings Bank was organized on May 1, 1869, with Samuel B. Stevens, president ; Alfred Ethridge, vice-president ; G. Harrison Lynch, secretary and treasurer. The first chief officers are Owen E. Owens, president; T. D. Roberts, first vice president ; F. L. Roth, second vice-president ; John R. Edwards, secretary and treasurer.
The first newspaper in Rome was the Columbian Patriotic Gazette, which was established in 1799, the first number bearing date August 17 ; its founders were Thomas Walker and Ebenezer Eaton. The latter left the paper early in 1800 and Mr. Walker continued the publication until 1804, when he removed it to Utica. (See history of Utica.)
The second paper in Rome was the Oneida Observer, which was founded by E. Dorchester in 1818. He removed hither from Utica, where he was publishing the Utica Observer. In 1819 he returned with his paper to Utica, and continued its publication there.
The Rome Sentinel, one of the best of the interior journals of this State, dates its ancestry back to the Rome Republican, which was first published in February, 1825, by Lorin Dewey. In June, 1828, a paper called The Republican was started by J. P. Van Tice, who later changed its name to the Oneida Republican. In 1830 these two papers were consolidated, and in 1831 E. Moon became the proprietor and changed the name to the Rome Telegraph. After several changes in ownership it passed to R. Walby in 1838 who changed its name to the Democratic Sentinel, and Calvert Comstock was made editor. In 1840 L. D. Dana became editor, and in 1845 H. F. Utley and S. W. Morton became owners and changed the name to the Rome Sentinel. In September, 1846, Mr. Morton sold his share to A. J. Rowley, and in 1847 Mr. Utley sold his interest to A. J. Rowley & Co .; the company was Cal- vert Comstock, and the editor was Elon Comstock. In 1850 Mr. Rowley became sole proprietor. On July 15, 1852, the Daily Sentinel was
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THE TOWN OF ROME.
started by Calvert and Elon Comstock. In October, 1854, C. & E. Comstock sold half of the establishment to D. E. Wager and D. C. Row- ley. In July. 1861, Wood & Larwill became owners of the establish- ment, and continued until December, 1863, when it passed to Warren & Beers. In June, 1864, the concern became the property of Franklin D. Beers and Augustus C. Kessinger, who have successfully conducted it for more than thirty years. The papers are Democratic in politics and leaders of the party in this section.
In July, 1835, a newspaper was established at Vernon, Oneida county, called the Vernon Courier. In 1840 it was removed to Rome, and its name changed to the Roman Citizen, C. B. Gay editor, and H. N. Bill proprietor. J. K. Kenyon, J. P. Fitch, Alfred Sandford, George Scott, G. H. Lynch, A. D. Griswold, and A. C. Sandford were successively in- terested in its publication. In October, 1854, A. Sandford became sole proprietor. In 1855 the office was burned, but Mr. Sandford soon after resumed publication. In 1866 E. E. Carr purchased an interest in the paper, and the firm of Sandford & Carr continued until February, 1884, when the veteran Mr. Sandford sold his interest to Ernest E. Byam, who continued as Carr & Byam. In June, 1887, Mr. Carr sold out to Clark Briggs. The firm of Byam & Briggs continued to January 1, 1896, when Mr. Briggs purchased his partner's interest and has since continued sole pro- prietor. The Citizen is Republican in politics and exerts a powerful influence in its district.
The Rome Republican was founded by J. J. Guernsey in 1881, as a weekly Republican newspaper. It was successful under the energetic management of its proprietor and in 1895 a tri-weekly issue was estab- lished. E. E. Pavey acted as editor in association with Mr. Guernsey until April, 1896, when he was succeeded by J. M. Burke.
The Harness Gazette is a very successful trade journal which is pub- lished monthly by T. J. Mowry. It was founded in 1886, by T. J. Mowry and H. B. Maxwell. January 1, 1889, the Harness Gazette Company was incorporated, the entire stock being held by Mr. Mowry.
Rome has acquired a fair reputation as a manufacturing center and has now in successful operation within her borders several very impor- tant industries. The Rome Brass and Copper Company is in a sense the successor of the Rome Iron Works, which company was established
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OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
in 1866. In 1878 the manufacture of brass was taken up and in 1887 the working of copper was begun. The name of the company was changed to its present title in October, 1891, with S. O. Scudder, presi- dent ; William R. Huntington, vice-president ; J. S. Haselton, secretary and treasurer. Upon the death of Mr. Scudder, Mr. Huntington was made president and W. J. P. Kingsley, vice president. Nearly 400 hands are employed in making brass, copper and German silver sheets, wire, rods, tubes, etc.
The Rome Merchant Iron Mill was founded in 1870, with John B. Jarvis, secretary and treasurer. In 1886 a reorganization was effected under the present name and management. The output of the mill is about 12,000 tons of merchant iron annually. Jim Stevens is president ; Samuel B: Stevens, vice-president ; Charles W. Lee, secretary and treasurer ; Samuel Southall, superintendent.
The New York Locomotive Works were founded in 1881 and a large business was carried on until 1892, when the general depression and other causes led to the placing of the works in the hands of a receiver. In 1893 a reorganization was effected under the name of The Rome Locomotive and Machine Works, with Thomas H. Stryker, president ; William B. Isham, vice-president; Edward Comstock, secretary and treasurer. The capital was placed at $150,000 in stock and the same sum in first mortgage bonds ; these bonds have been reduced since to $75,000. The establishment is still in the receiver's hands, but its affairs are being rapidly put in shape for future large operations.
Other Rome industries which have been instrumental in adding to the prosperity of the place are the works of R. M. Wilson, manufacturer of solid copper bath tubs, tanks, closets, etc., established in 1891, The Adams foundry and machine shops. established in 1835; the factories of the Rome Textile Company and the Rome Steam Knitting Mills. The cot, crib and chair factory of Carpenter & Dyett, established in 1886.
There are post-offices in the town of Rome at Ridge Mills, the set- tlement of which has been described ; at Green's Corners, about three miles west of Rome city, and at Stanwix, on the Erie Canal east of Rome. There has been a little mercantile business conducted at these points, and a few shops, but most of the trade in late years is diverted to Rome.
J. S. HASELTON.
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THE TOWN OF SANGERFIELD.
The following is a list of the supervisors of the town from 1797 to the incorporation of the city :
1797, Abijah Putnam; 1798 to 1801, Thomas Gilbert; 1802, Clark Putnam; 1803, Henry Huntington ; 1804, George Huntington; 1805, Clark Putnam; 1806-7, Thomas Gilbert; 1808, Samuel Dill; 1809, Henry Huntington ; 1810-11, Samuel Dill; 1812-13, Bill Smith; 1814, George Huntington ; 1815-16, Wheeler Barnes; 1817, George Hunt- ington ; 1818-20, Samuel Beardsley; 1821-22, Rufus Barnes; 1823-26, Jay Hathaway ; ยท 1827-28, George Brown; 1829-30, Henry A. Foster; 1831-32, Numa Leonard; 1833- 34, Henry A. Foster; 1835-36, Jesse Armstrong; 1837-38, Harold H. Pope; 1839-40, James Merrill; 1841-42, Adam Van Patten; 1843-44, Enoch B. Armstrong; 1845-46, Giles Hawley ; 1847, John Niles; 1848-49, Alfred Ethridge; 1850, Allen Briggs; 1851, Benjamin N. Huntington; 1852-53, Stephen Van Dresar; 1854, Bradford C. Dean ; 1855-58, Giles Hawley; 1859-60, Alfred Ethridge; 1861-68, Giles Hawley; 1869, Enoch B. Armstrong.
CHAPTER XLIV.
THE TOWN OF SANGERFIELD.
This is one of the two southernmost towns in Oneida county, and is bounded on the west and south by Madison county. It was formed from Paris March 5, 1795, and originally included what is now Bridge- water, which was set off March 24, 1797. Sangerfield remained a part of Chenango county until April 4, 1804. It includes a greater part of what was township No. 20 of the Chenango " Twenty Towns." The surface is mainly a hilly upland rising from 700 to 800 feet above the Mohawk. It is watered by the east branch of the Oriskany and the west branch of the Chenango Creeks. Along the latter stream is what is known as the Great Swamp, extending from near Waterville to the southern border of the town, and averaging a mile or more in width. Much of this has been cleared of its forest, drained, and converted into meadow. The soil of the valleys is a rich alluvium and on the hills is a gravelly loam. For many years this town has been noted for its large acreage of hops. In the year 1882 the price of hops exceeded a dollar a pound. While this brought comparative wealth to many of the in- habitants, it was in the main disastrous; producers thereafter based
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OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
their calculations to a large extent upon a continuance of such prices, and when they were forced to sell in later years for a fraction of that sum, much financial distress was caused. It is stated that at one time there was only one farm in the town that was not to a greater or lesser extent devoted to hop growing. Under the depression and low prices . of the past three years the acreage has been considerably reduced The town has been noted for the proportionately large number of noted men in political, educational and business life that have left its borders.
This town was surveyed under a law of February, 1789, and within the next two years it was purchased of the State upon speculation, chiefly by Jedediah Sanger (from whom it takes its name), Michael Myers, and John J. Morgan ; large parts of it were subsequently leased in perpetuity. The price paid for the purchase was a little over three shillings per acre.
The first town meeting was held April 7, 1795, and the following officers elected :
Supervisor, David Morton; town clerk, Thomas Brown ; assessors, Joseph Farwell, Daniel Brown, and Ezra Parker; constables and collectors, Jonathan Porter and David Chapin; overseers of the poor, Oliver Norton and Thomas Converse; com- missioners of highways, Timothy White, Saul Smith, and Oliver Norton ; pathmas- ters, Jonathan Palmer, Eldad Corbet, John W. Brown, James Kenny, Eri Brooks, Philip King, Asahel Hunt, Jesse Ives, Roger W. Steele, John Phillips, Thomas Stephens, Oliver Eagur, Zerah Phelps, Joel Blair, Solomon Williams, Benjamin White, John Stone, Joseph Putney, Moses Bush, Elias Montgomery, and Thomas Hale; fence-viewers, Ezra Parker, Joel Blair, Nathan Gurney, Uri Brooks, and David Norton, esq.
The first settlement in this town was begun by Zerah Phelps, who in the fall of 1791 sent a hired man to build a log house on lot 42, of which he had previously become the owner. This house stood about a mile northeast of Sangerfield Center. Mr. Phelps was from Green- woods, Mass. About the ist of March, 1792, Minivera Hale and his wife, and Nathan Gurney and his wife and babe moved into the town from New Hartford. They brought in oxen and the snow being very deep, their journey in some parts was a very difficult one. They were a whole day making the last four miles, driving the oxen tandem. Mr. Hale had bought land adjoining Mr. Phelps, and Mr. Gurney bought lot 40, on the site of Waterville village ; a part of this lot was later owed by Aaron Stafford. They passed a few weeks in the house of
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THE TOWN OF SANGERFIELD.
Mr. Phelps, until their own log dwellings could be erected. In the month of April following Benjamin White settled on a part of lots 30 and 40, the farm that was later occupied by Amos Osborn. A number of other pioneers came in that year. Phineas Owen and Nathan Gur- ney's father settled on lot 40; other arrivals were Sylvanus Dyer, Asa- hel Bellows, Nathaniel Ford, Henry Knowlton, Jonathan Stratton, and a Mr. Clark. Mr. Clark had aided in surveying the town in 1789. These settlers met with disaster the first year through a heavy frost which destroyed their corn crop, and also served to keep away other settlers. According to the Jones Annals, Mr. Clark had his leg crushed by a falling tree in May, 1792, and Mr. Hale started in quest of a phy- sician. He found Dr. Guiteau at Old Fort Schuyler, and returned with him over the long journey; but the doctor would not treat the injury without other medical aid, and Dr. Petrie, at Herkimer, was sent for. These two, with Dr. Elmer, of Paris, amputated the injured limb. It was an example of the privation and danger under which many pio- neers lived on account of their distance from medical aid and the absence of roads In July, 1792, a daughter was born to Mr. and Mrs. Phelps, which was the first birth of a white child in town. The Phelps family soon removed to Batavia. The first male child born was a son of Mr. and Mrs. Hale, named Seneca, born January 20, 1793.
On February 9, 1793, Col. David Norton and his family arrived in town from Arlington, Vt., and he became a leading citizen. He was the first supervisor, the first justice of the peace, the first captain of militia in the town and later a colonel, and the first postmaster after the office was removed to the Center. He was foremost in all good works. His daughter Hannah married Sylvanus Dyer, which was the first wed- ding in the town ; the date was October 30, 1793.
With better crops and prospects in 1793, the following year (1794) saw a considerable influx of settlers. Daniel Brown, Saul Smith, Thomas King, Daniel King, Solomon Williams, Samuel Williams, Jus- tus and Ebenezer Hale, and Benjamin Dewey were among the new comers. In the same year the two Hales opened the first store in the town in their dwelling house, and were also the first to furnish accom- modations to travelers. Ebenezer Hale built the second frame house in the town, Zera Phelps having erected the first one. In the summer of
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OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
1794 Polly Dyer taught the first school in Colonel Norton's house. In the following year the sum of the school money appropriated to this town by the Board of Supervisors of Herkimer county was forty-five pounds. Schools afterwards multiplied rapidly as their need was felt.
The town was named in honor of Col. Jedediah Sanger, as before stated, in return for which it is said that he agreed to present a cask of rum at the first town meeting and fifty acres of land to the first church denomination which should first build a house of worship. Many of the first settlers desired that the town should be called New Lisbon, and when Sangerfield was chosen they manifested their displeasure by applying the name of New Lisbon to the Congregational society which was organized soon afterward, thas securing Colonel Sanger's bounty for a church bearing the rejected title. The rum was duly presented and twenty-five acres of land each given to the Baptist and Congrega- tional societies ; these tracts were part of lot 45.
In September, 1796, Dr. Stephen Preston came into the town as the first resident physician. He practiced here more than thirty years and was also justice of the peace many years. Daniel Eells, sr., settled in that part of Sangerfield now included in Bridgewater in 1796, but in the following year removed to New Hartford.
In 1793 Judge Sanger built the first saw mill in town on the site of Waterville, and in the following year Benjamin White, the second set- tler at that place, built the second mill. In 1796 Mr. White built the first grist mill, long known as White's Mills. Other early settlers at Waterville are noticed a little further on.
Among the prominent farmers of past years were John Monroe, Delos Terry, Orin Kellogg, Philander Havens, Lyman Jewett, William C. Conger, Horace Locke, Jedediah Sanger and others. Other leading farmers are G. W. Allen, John C. Mason, C. B. Mason, Charles H. Jewett, S. A. Clark, W. Cary Sanger, Walter J. Bennett, C. L. Terry, and Charles G. Havens.
Waterville village is situated on the northern line of the town about one fourth of its territory extending into the town of Marshall. It early gave indications of becoming an active business center. The mills which have been mentioned as in operation there before the beginning of the present century drew around them other manufactures, stores
C
Reuben Joher .
537
THE TOWN OF SANGERFIELD.
were opened and progress was rapid. The settlement of Sylvanus Dyer was made in 1799, when he came from the Center and opened the first store in a house at the west end of the village and also kept a tavern. Two men named Brown and Hewett, who had kept a store on the road to Oriskany Falls, opened a store here in 1801, and Robert Benedict established the third one soon afterward.
Amos Osborn came from Fairfield county, Conn., to Waterville in 1802 and built the first distillery in the place near White's Mills. He purchased Mr. White's farm in 1810, for which he paid $30 an acre ; he afterwards bought a second farm near by, paying nine gallons of gin per acre. Both of these farms were within the present limits of the village corporation, and Mr. White's house was the first frame dwelling erected in the village. Mr. Osborn operated his distillery thirteen years.
Justus Tower settled in Waterville in 1802 and built a house and a grist mill. In 1803 he built the White Mills and operated both. A freshet in April, 1804. carried away all the dams of the place, and Mr. Tower and John J. Williams., jr., were drowned.
The Towers were from the town of Hingham, Plymouth county, Mass., and first located in the town of Paris. There were four brothers -Jeduthan (grandfather of Reuben and of Charlemagne Tower), Jus- tus (father of Horace D. Tower), John and Jotham. John Tower was the father of John Tower, at one time proprietor of the Clinton House at Clinton. Jotham was the youngest of twelve children. Justus Tower was but thirty- seven years of age at the time of his death. He built a store in Waterville, and after his death Jotham Tower stocked it with goods, repaired the grist mill, which had been badly damaged by the freshet, and carried on both in company with Justus Tower's widow. Horace D. Tower, son of Justus, lived a long life in Waterville. His younger brother, Henry Tower, was for some years in the distilling business with J. and R. Bacon, merchants of the place, who purchased the stock of goods left by Justus Tower at his decease, and carried on the store for thirty years or more. (See biography of Reuben Tower in this volume).
The post-office at Waterville was established in 1806, with Amos Muzzy, postmaster ; he was succeeded by Col. John Williams, under
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OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
whose administration it was removed to the Center, a little over a mile southward ; this was done in 1808 and the name changed to Sanger- field. It was brought back and opened under its present name in 1823. Previous to that time the place had been locally known as "The Huddle." In 1802 the settlement had thirty-two dwellings and about 200 inhabitants. From that time forward the village grew rapidly. A tannery was established very early by Col. John Williams, who was also an early tavern keeper. Chauncey Buell afterwards became his partner in the tannery and finally purchased it and began boot and shoe. making in connection with it. The buisness increased in later years and a firm was formed under the name of C. Buell, Son & Co., which employed at one period nearly 100 hands and sold goods at wholesale over a wide extent of territory. Colonel Williams, who started this tannery, also established an earlier one in the southwest part of the town.
Amos Osborn established a distillery in 1802, and several others were operated for a time in different parts of the town, but generally on a small scale. The one just mentioned was used in later years as the Cold Spring Brewery. The latter was operated until 1894 when it was abandoned.
The grist mill operated in recent years, was built by Jotham Tower about 1815 on the site of the White Mills. Justus Tower built another grist mill in 1802 which was transformed into a paint factory in 1869 by Terry & Gridley.
The Sangerfield cotton factory was built in 1816 by the Sangerfield Manufacturing Company. Henry B. Clarke afterwards obtained a con- trolling interest and operated it until 1830, when Goodwin & Bacon purchased it and changed it to a woolen factory. In 1837 J. A. Ber- rill took the building and established a foundry and machine shop, afterwards taking his son into partnership. They carried on the busi- ness many years. The plant was taken in 1895 by McLean & Co., who succeeded Brace Beardsley. Paint mills are made, in connection with the other business.
The Waterville Wooden Novelty Works were established in 1895, for the manufacture of various household articles.
Waterville has had several newspapers, the first one being the Civil
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SQUIRE UTLEY.
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THE TOWN OF SANGERFIELD.
and Religious Intelligencer, started in 1815 by Joseph Tenney ; the name was changed in 1825 to the Sangerfield Intelligencer, and ten years later it was moved to Fabius, N. Y. The publication of the Oneida Standard was commenced in Waterville in 1833, but it was soon after- ward removed to Utica. The Waterville Advertiser was begun in 185 1 by R. W. Hathaway. In 1855 the Waterville Journal was started by A. P. Fuller & Co., C. B. Wilkinson, editor. It was discontinued in March, 1856 In 1857 the publication of the Waterville Times was commenced by Mckibbin & Wilkinson, who continued it until 1860, and sold out to J. H. Yale. On November 8, 1866, the paper passed into the hands of R. S. Ballard. James J. Guernsey bought the es- tablishment in 1870, and continued to July, 1881, when he was suc- ceedee by Histed & Cutter (William L. Histed, Frank J. Cutter) who continued to June, 1882. Mr. Histed then retired and Mr. Cutter con- tinued to April, 1887, when W. S. Hawkins & Co., (Dr. Claude Wilson) purchased the plant. This firm continued one year when Mr. Hawkins bought his partner's interest. In 1884 Patrick Loftus and Milton Barnum started a four page weekly called the Reflex. A little later W. S Hawkins purchased the paper and in 1887 he consolidated the two papers, the name Waterville Times being continued. The paper is an excellent representative of progressive country journalism. The Waterville Y. M. C. A. is a thriving institution and publishes a small weekly called " Waterville's Young Men."
Some of the early public houses have been mentioned. What became the American hotel was built about 1815 by Jonathan Hubbard and was afterwards extended and improved. There were three public houses in the village before that. The store occupied in 1802 by Robert and Hudson Benedict was afterwards converted into a hotel and became known as the Park House. M. B. Crossett built the Commercial House in 1875.
The first bank in Waterville was established in 1838 under the State law and was changed to a national bank in 1865. Among early stock- holders of the old bank were Stanton Park, Josiah Bacon, Amos Osborn, Julius Candee, Samuel Goodwin, D. B. Goodwin, Charlemagne Tower, Julius Tower, David L. Barton, E. B. Barton, Henry Tower, Horace Bigelow, Isaac Hovey. Daniel B. Goodwin was president of the na-
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OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
tional bank until 1888, when he was succeeded by William B. Goodwin. The latter was cashier until the above change was made, when he was succeeded by Samuel W. Goodwin. William B. Goodwin served as president until 1894, when Samuel W. Goodwin was chosen, and W. L. Race was made cashier.
Charles Green & Son established a private bank in 1872, and in 1875 it was removed to Utica and continued until 1884. The firm was then changed to Charles Green, Son & Co., O W. Kennedy and J. W. Hayes joining in the business. In 1891 the bank was removed back to Water- ville, and the firm became Charles Green, Son, Brainard & Co., through the purchase of the interest of Mr. Hayes by I. D. Brainard.
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