USA > New York > Suffolk County > Southampton > The early history of Southampton, L. I., New York, with genealogies, 2nd ed. > Part 4
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NOTE .- The figures prefixed to the names in the above lists are not found in the original, but are added for convenient reference.
It may be remarked that of the list of males above given, the first thirty-six or seven lived in North Sea. From No. 38 to about No. 55, are given the residents on the west or hill street. From No. 56 to 168, residents in the town street, on the east side, including, it may be, a few, in the street leading to Bridge Hamp- ton and Toilsome Lane : the list begins at the north and progresses southward. From 169 to 213, commencing at the south end of the west side of the town street and proceeding northwards, the lists embrace all therein residing. From 214 or perhaps 218 to 268 or perhaps 270, the residents of Wiekapogue, Cobb, Water- mill and the neighboring region are given. From 270 to the close are recorded the inhabitants of Mecox, Sagg and Bridge Hampton.
In the list of females above given we notice, the name of Mary occurs 61 times ; Hannah, 37; Sarah, 43 ; Elizabeth, 27 ; Abigail, 14; Phebe, 14; Martha, 13; Deborah, 11; Susanah, 10; Mehet- abel, 9 ; and Joana, Temperance and Ann each 5 times.
Among the names of the male inhabitants we find the name of John occurring 50 times ; Joseph, 24; Thomas, 22; Samuel, 21 : Isaac, 16; Benjamin, 14; Jonathan, 14; William, 14; David and James, each 13; Daniel, 10; Jeremiah, Josiah and Richard, each 9 times ; Ephraim, S; Jonah, Henry and Nathan, each 6, and Abraham and Edward, each 5 times.
*Manuscript torn
4+
HISTORY OF SOUTHAMPTON.
" The Estemate of the Towne of Southampton for the yeare 1683."
[From Doc. Hist. of N. Y., Vol. 2, page 536.] No. of Polls.
s. d.
No. of Polls. £ s. d.
0. Widow Hannah How- ell. . 267 00 00
3. John Anning
088 10 00
0. Joseph Sayre ... 023 00 00
1. Benjamin Peirson .. . 051 06 08
1. John Laughton. . . .
098 06 08
3. Charles Sturmey. 198 10 00
3. Thomas Halsey.
411 16 08
138 03 04
5. Edward Howell
400 00 00
1. Obadiah Roggers. 200 16 08
1. Joseph Pierson. 127 06 08
brough
320 16 08
1. Isaac Mills. . 089 03 04
2. Job Sayre ..
164 10 00
2. Samuel Whitehead. .
053 00 00
1. James Topping.
249 06 08
1. Robert Woolly.
118 00 00
1. Benjamin Palmer 089 00 00
1. Josiah Stanbrow 130 00 00
2. Joshua Barnes and Sam.
232 13 04
2. John Rose
133 00 00
2. John Jagger .
289 10 00
1. Joseph Post ..
062 03 04
209 06 08
1. Simon Hillyard. 023 00 00
1. Benjamin Hand. 086 00 00
2. John Foster.
178 06 08
1. John Lawrinson.
254 00 00
1. John Burnett .. .
056 06 08
1. John Howell, Jr.
121 10 00
1. Joseph More.
083 00 00
1. John Earle.
046 00 00
2. Willm. Hakelton ...
041 00 00
1. Christo: Foster.
074 00 00
1. Thomas Burnett.
119 06 08
2. Richard Post ..
100 06 08
1. Mr. Phillips.
164 06 08
1. Abraham Howell.
043 00 00
1. John Post
169 13 04
0. Mrs. Mary Taylor, widow. 064 13 04
2. Francis Sayre
178 00 00
towne 059 10 00
1. David Howell.
077 00 00
1. Josiah Laughton.
024 00 00
1. Lott Burnett ..
100 00 00
1. Ben; Davess.
107 06 08
030 00 00
1. Nathanll Short ..
030 00 00
1. Ezekiell Sanford.
060 00 00
1. Thomas Steephens.
080 00 00
1. Peter Norris
051 00 00
1. Gersham Culver.
098 06 08
1. Robert Norriss. 052 00 00 1. Thomas Goodwin ...
030 00 00
2. Joseph Marshall
058 00 00
1. Isaac Cory ..
148 03 04
1. John Rainor
094 00 00
2. John Bishop, Jr.
055 13 00
1. John Jennings
199 10 00
2. Samuel Johnes.
249 16 08
1. Isaac Rainer.
064 00 00 1. Abraham Willman ..
054 10 00
1. James White 092 16 08
1. Henry Peirson
136 10 00
1. John Lupton
067 00 00
1. Samuel Clarke, No. Sea .. 113 00 00
1. John Woodronfe
160 00 00
1. Samuel Mills.
1. Samuel Lum .. 076 00 00
1. Edmond Clarke 056 00 10 1. Isaac Willman
337 06 08
052 00 00
widow ... 180 00 00
1. Humphrey Hughes. .
052 06 08
1. Mr. Jonah Fordham.
081 13 04
1. Thomas Reeves.
101 00 00
1. Josiah Halsey .. . . . .
1. Christopher Leaming.
053 13 04 | 1. John Mappem.
112 13 04
3. Capt. John Howell.
442 10 00
2. Lieft. Joseph Ford- ham .. 459 10 00
2. Joseph Foster.
2. Peregrine Stan-
1. Thomas Cooper, Jr. .
163 00 00
3. John Davess 140 00 00
2. Thomas Cooper.
1. Widow Martha Cooke
194 13 04 .
1. Thomas Rose .. 047 10 00
1. David Brigs. . 1. Samuel Clark: old
040 00 00
-2. Isaac Halsey
345 00 00
3. John Jessup 360 06 08
2. Henry Ludlam 203 13 04
1. James Hildreth ..
1. Widow Mary Rainer ..
166 00 00
1. Benony Newton. 067 00 00
032 00 00 2. Elnathan Topping .. .
275 00 00
3. John Bishop.
214 00 00
187 10 00
1. Hannah Topping,
1. Widow Saralı Cooper.
1. Obadiah Rogers, Jr ..
3. Tho: Travally .
229 10 00
125 13 04 1. John Cooke .. 169 00 00
1. Jonathan Rainor ... 197 03 04
3. Daniell Sayre 207 03 04
45
THE SETTLEMENT AND THE SETTLERS.
No. of Polls. £ s. d.
1. Shamger Hand.
089 13 04
1. John Else. .
030 06 08
1. Benony Flinte. 060 00 00
1. Joseph Hildreth 100 C0 00.
1. John Carwithy. 040 00 00
2. Abram Hanke .. . ..
060 00 00
2. Richard Howell
250 00 00
2. Thomas Shaw ..
060 00 00
1. Edmond Howell ..
240 00 00
1. John Petty. ...
030 00 00
3. Xtopher Lupton. 200 00 00
1. Thomas Shaw, Jr ...
018 00 00
1. George Harriss.
137 00 00
1. Isaac Willman, Jr ...
030 00 00
1. Richard Howell, Jr ..
030 00 00
0. Robert Kallem. 010 00 00
0. George Hethcote .. 022 00 00
1. William Mason 050 00 00
Jolın Sanders .. 012 00 00
2. James Herrick 180 00 00
1. John Woolley. 018 00 00
1. Edward White
030 00 00
1. Jonat Hildreth.
030 00 00
1. John Mowberry 030 00 00
1. Mr. Frencham 018 00 00
Sum totall is. 16328 06 08
ZEROBABELL PYLLIPS, Constable.
1. Thurston Rainor
010 00 00
1. Mr. William Barker ..
1. Will'm Simpkins.
040 00 00
JOHN FOSTER,
JOHN HOWELL, Jr.,
1. John Gould.
040 00 00
JOSEPH PIERSON.
d.
1. Joseph Whitehead .. 030 00 00
1. Samuell Cooper ..... 035 00 00
1. J. Barthallomew ..... 018 00 00
1. Onesiphorus Standley
018 00 00
I. John Morehouse .. 064 00 00
1. William Herrike 059 00 00
3. Benjamin Foster 220 00 00
1. Aron Burnett.
037 00 00
0. Widow Fowler.
027 00 00
1. Benjamin Haines ....
1. Matthew Howell ....
1. Manassah Kempton. .
018 00 00
1. George Owen ..
140 00 00
070 00 00
023 00 00
060 00 00
JOHN JAGARR, -
Southampton Sept ye 1st 1683 A true copy of ye originall by mee JOHN HOWELL, Junr Clark.
Endorsed, The Estemation of the town of Southampton, 1683.
1. Mr. Henry Goreing .. 018 00 00
No. of Polls.
1. Zachary Laurance ... 018 00 00
1. Callob Carwithy .. 018 00 00
46
HISTORY OF SOUTHAMPTON.
CHAPTER IV.
CHARACTER OF THE SETTLERS.
OF the character of our ancestors there can be no question. They were men of sterling worth, the Puritans of England. They were more than mere colonists - they were the exponents of a new civilization founded on the idea, that under God, men could govern themselves. Their flight from England and self- exile on these shores was the strongest protest they could give against the divine right of kings in civil and religious govern- ment. That they acknowledged Christ as the only head over his church is not only manifest in their actions, but also in the touch- ing language at the close of the " articles of agreement," given in the appendix, " and that whensoever it shall please the Lord, and he shall see it good to adde to us such men as shall be fitt matter for a Church, that then wee will in that thinge lay our- selves down before the Constitutes thereof, either to bee or not to bee received as members thereof, accordinge as they shall discern the work of God to be in our heart."
That they were men of intelligence, is seen in their free char- ter, their just laws, and liberal institutions. They secured in their patent, land tenure by gavelkind * which had from time imme- morial prevailed in the county of Kent, in England. While the tenures in all other counties of England had been more or less burdened from the time of the Norman conquest with restrictions, liabilities, or knight service, the Kentish men had always held their land in free and common socage; contributing only pro- portionally their share in the expenses of government. In addi- tion, upon the death of a landholder intestate, instead of the real estate devolving upon the eldest son, the more equitable and democratic custom prevailed of dividing it equally among all the surviving children.
* 1 Blackstone, 74.
47
CHARACTER OF THE SETTLERS.
At the foundation of their colony they adopted for their gov- ernment the * " Laws of Judgment as given by Moses to the Commonwealth of Israel, so farre foarth as they bee of worrath, that is, of perpetuall and universall equity among all nations." Like the Jewish Commonwealth too, the form of government was a kind of theocracy. Church and State were united, and its . head was the Lord Jesus Christ. Offenses which would now be tried (if at all) by courts ecclesiastical, were then tried by the General Court of Freemen. A taxation, pro rata, was levied on all property to raise the salary of the minister. Even the right of suffrage appears for some little time to have been confined to the members of the church.
It was the difference of opinion on this question, whether any but church members should exercise the right of freemen, that induced the Rev. Abraham Pierson to leave them for a connec- tion with the New Haven Colony, in 1647, Southampton having united with the Hartford or Connecticut Colony, in 1644. The New Haven people, led by John Davenport, were for giving the rights of freemen only to the members of the church - the Hart- ford Colony would open the door to all. However this question may appear to us in this day, still there is something striking - something that reminds us of the stern uncompromising spirit of the old prophets in the doctrine that no man was fit to govern or legislate for others until he was himself obedient to the laws of God.
They were formed into a church organization at Lynn, a few months after a settlement had been effected in Southampton, and brought over their minister with them, the Rev. Abraham Pier- son, and erected their first church edifice in the second year of their settlement. Like their brothers in New England, wherever they went, the school-house, too, followed in their wake. It is worthy of remark, that of the twenty who signed the articles of agreement, four only were obliged to sign by proxy, at a period when many a baron in England was compelled to make his mark. Some peculiarities they had - faults too, doubtless, and yet they were men to be honored for their bravery and revered for their virtues.
* See Appendix.
48
HISTORY OF SOUTHAMPTON.
They were also men of means and of good social standing in the mother country. Of one of their number, an eminent man, in correspondence, writes : " He was a gentlemen of coat-armor, and luis place in the settlement always magistrate- the proprietor of the mill (like the old French Sieurs, and English Lords of the manor,) and the acknowledged head in everything, coupled with the style and manner of such writings of his as I have seen, suf- ficiently show that he was of the best class of those which came over - the class which included Winthrop and Humphrey."
In Governor Dongan's report of the Province of New York, in 1687, occurs something more equivocal. He says : " The first year there was £52 offered for the Excise of Long Island, but I thought it unreasonable, it being the best peopled place in this Government, and wherein theres great consumption of Rumm, and therefor I gave commission to Mr. Nicholls and Mr. Vaugh- ton, &e. * * * Most part of the people of that Island, espec- ially towards the east end, are of the same stamp with those of New England, refractory and very loath to have any commerce with this place to the great detrimnt of revenue and ruin of our Merchants."
Although this village is now of but little importance in wealth and population compared with the large cities and towns of the Empire State, yet in the early times it was far different. Its name appears on all the old charts and maps of this period alone, of all the villages on the east end of Long Island. And Governor Andros in a letter (N. Y. Col. Hist., v. 3, p. 261) of answers to inquiries abont New York says, among other things, "Our principall places of Trade are New York and Southampton, ex- cept Albany for the Indyans, &c."
In 1703, Win. Vesey, in a report of the state of the churches . in the Province of New York, says: "In Suffolk County, in the East end of Long Island, there is neither a church of England minister, nor any provision made for one by law, the people gen- erally being Independents and upheld in their seperation* by New England Emissaries."
* Sic.
49
CHARACTER OF THE SETTLERS.
There is one other feature in their laws which merits our attention.
With all their puritanic strictness, they allowed more freedom of conscience than was usual in that period of intolerance, whether · in England under the Stuarts, or in New England among the Independents. Toleration was practised so far as to allow the existence of heretical doctrine, provided the dissenter confined his dissent or unbelief to his own bosom. The legal prohibition was directed only against the promulgation of false doctrine. This liberality in matters of conscience and religious belief, was far in advance of that persecuting spirit, which stains the history of these times through the civilized world.
Their puritanic principles made their mark on the civilization and morals of the community, that lingers even to this day, and for purity of morals and sobriety of life, the village will only find a parallel in those other villages, where dwell the descendants of the Pilgrim Fathers of New England.
7
50
HISTORY OF SOUTHAMPTON.
CHAPTER V.
CIVIL RELATIONS-PURE DEMOCRACY -- UNION WITH CONNECTICUT-
WITH NEW YORK - DUTCH INTERREGNUM - AGAIN WITH NEW YORK.
THE civil relations of the colony afford an interesting field for investigation. In the very beginning the principle of self-govern- ment is developed in admirable perfection. For the first four years, these thirty or forty families formed a little republic by themselves. It was a pure democracy withont a parallel, save in the short-lived republics of ancient Greece. For the time being, Sonthampton was their country, and we cannot bestow too high praise on their efforts to secure justice and equal rights and pro- tection to every individual. They reversed the maxim of Louis XIV., "I am the State"- with them the State was the people, and for the people, and not the people for the State. A town meeting, or General Court, as it was called, was held half-yearly, composed of the adult males, who were obliged to attend regu- larly under penalty of a fine. This court exercised the extra- ordinary powers of a legislature and a judiciary ; defined the limits and powers of the magistrate's court; received and decided appeals from the same; was the proper tribunal for trying crimes punishable with death (though happily they were spared from any such duty); settled civil cases ; allotted lands and elected offi- cers; enacted a code of laws founded on those given by Moses to the Jewish nation ; made by-laws and regulations necessary to the safety and well-being of the community, and had general supervision over the interests of the body politic. These powers are defined in an act of the General Court, passed January 2, 1641. *For reasons that do not appear on the record, they deemed it
* May 20, 1643, the plantations of Massachusetts, New Plymouth, Connecticut and New Haven, with the plantations in combination with them, adopted articles of confederation for their mutual welfare and protection.
Felt (Eccles. Hist. of N. E., VI, p. 563) says that on the 9th of September, 1644, the com- missioners of this confederation consented to the application of Southampton to come under the jurisdiction of the Connecticut colony. Hazard State Papers, v. 2, p. 7, seems to assign this event to the date of September 7, 1643.
51
CIVIL RELATIONS.
expedient to unite themselves to the colony of Connecticut, which union occurred in 1645, as will appear from the following order :
March 7, 1643-4. "It was voted and consented vnto by the Generall Court, that the towne of Southampton, shall enter into combinacon with the Jurisdiction of Connecticote."
The date of this union with Connecticut has been a subject of some difference, but the records of Southampton afford enough evidence to settle the question. * Trumbull in his history after the marginal date of October 25, 1644, says : "A little before this Southampton through Edward Howell, John Gosmer and John Moore petitioned to be received in the jurisdiction of Con- neetient."
The exact date of the union is stated in the following decision of the General Court.
June 20, 1657. " At a Towne Meeting it was ·voated and con- cluded by the major part to accept of, and receave all the lawes of the Jurisdiction of Conneckticot, not crossing nor contradict- ing the limetations of our combination bearing date, May 30, 1645."
These articles copied from Trumbull's Colonial Records of Con- necticut, vol. i, p. 566, are as follows :
" A coppie of ye combynation of Southampton, wth Harford.
" Whereas formerly sume Querturs hane by letters paste be- twixt sume deputed by the Jurisdiction of Conectecote and others of ye plantation of Southampton vpon Long Island, con- cerning vnion into one boddy and government, whereby ye said Towne might be interested in ye general combination of ye vnited Collonies for prosseention and issuing wherof, Edward Hopkins and John Haines being authorised wth power from ye Generall Corte for ye Jurisdiction of Conecticute, and Edward Howell, John Gosmer and John More, deputed by ye Towne of South- ampton, It was by the said parties concluded & agreed, and ye said Towne of Southampton doe by their said deputies, for them- selnes and their successors assotiate and joyne themselves to ye Jurisdiction of Conecticote to be subject to al the lawes there es-
* Hist. of Conn., p. 136.
52
HISTORY OF SOUTHAMPTON.
tablished, according to ye word of God and right reson wth such exceptions & limmitations as are hereafter expressed.
"The Towne of Southampton by reson of ther passage by sea being vnder more difficulties and vncertainties of repayring to ye several Cortes held for ye Jurisdiction of Conecticote, upon ye mayne land, wherby they may be constrained to be absent both at ye times of election of Magistrats, and other ocations wch may proue prjudicial to them : for prventing wherof, it is agreed yt for ye prsent, vntil more plantations be settled neere to ye Towne of Southampton, wch may be helpful each to other in publike oceations, (and yt by mutual agreement betwixt ye said Towne and ye Generall Corte for ye jurisdiction of Conec- tecote it be otherwise ordered,) there shall be yearly chosen two Magistrats inhabiting wthin ye said Towne or liberties of South- ton, who shal hane ye same power wth ye Prticular Courts vpon ye Riner of Conectecote though no other Magistrats of ye jurisdiction be present for ye Administration of Justice and other ocations wch may concerne the welfare of ye said Towne, offences only wch concerne life excepted, or limbe, wch always shall be tryed by a Courte of Magistrats to be held at ye Riuers mouth, wch said Magistrats for ye Towne aforesaid, shall be chosen in manner following :
"The Towne of Southampton by ye freemen therof shall yerely prsent to sume Generall Courte for ye Jurisdiction of Conectecote, or to ye Governor thereof, before ye Courte of Election wch is ye second Thursday in Aprill, the names of three of their members of their said Towne, and such as are freemen therof whome they nominate for Magistrats the year ensuing, out of weh ye Generall Courte for ye Jurisdiction shall chuse two, who vpon oath taken before one or both of ye Magistrats for ye prcedent yeare at Southampton, for ye due execution of their place, shal hane as ful power to proceede therein as if they had been sworne before ye Gouernor at Conectecote. It is also provided yt ye freemen of ye said Towne of Southampton shal hane libertie to voat in ye Courts of Election for ye juris- diction of Conectecote, in regard of ye distance of ye place, by proxie. But in case the Towne of Southampton shall by any
53
CIVIL RELATIONS.
extreordinarie hand of Providence, be hindered from sending ye names of ye three prsons to be in Election for Magistrats, vnto ye Generall Court in Aprill, or haning sent, ye same doe Miscar- rie, it is in such case then provided and agreed, yt ye two Magis- trats for ye precedent yeare shall supply ye place vntill ye next Generall Courte for election.
" It [is] agreed and concluded, yt if vpon vewe of such orders as are alreddy established by ye General Courte for ye Jurisdic- tion of Connecticoate, there be found any difference therein from such as are also for ye present settled in ye Towne of South- ampton, the said Towne shal hane libertie to regulate themselues acording as may be most sutable to their owne comforts and con- veniences in their owne judgment, provided those orders made by them concerne themselves only and intrence not vpon ye inter- ests of others or ye Generall Combination of ye vnited Collonies, and are not cross to ye rule of riteousness. The like power is also reserved vnto themselves for the future, for making of such orders as may concerne their Towne ocations.
" It is agreed & concluded, yt if any party find himself agreved by any sentence or judgment passed by ye Magistrats residing at Southampton, he may appeale to sum prticular or General Court vpon [the] Riner, provided he put in securitie to ye satisfaction of one or both of ye Magistrates at Southampton, spedily to prose- cute his said appeale, and to answer such costs and dammages as shal be thought meete by ye Court to which he appeals, in case there be found no just cause for his appeale.
"It is agreed & concluded yt ye said Towne of Southampton shal only beare their own charges in such Fortifications as are necessarie for their own defence, maintaining their own officers and al other things that concerne themselues, not being lyable to be taxed for fortifications or other expences yt only apertaine to the plantations vpon the River, or elsewhere. But in such expences as are of mutuall & common concernement, both ye one and the other shall beare an equall share in such proportion as is agreed by the united Collonies, vizt according to the number of males in each plantation from 16 to 60 years of age.
" The oath to be taken at Southampton .- I, A. B., being an
.
54
HISTORY OF SOUTHAMPTON.
Inhabitant of Southampton by ye Providence of God, combined with ye Providence of God, combined with ye Jurisdiction of Conectecote, doe acknowledg myself to be subject to ye Gouern- ment therof, and do sweare by the greate and dreadfull name of the euerliuing God, to be true & faithfull to the same, and to submit both my person & estate thereunto, acording to all the wholesum lawes and orders yt are or hereafter shal be made and established by lawful Authority wth such limmitations & excep- tions as are expressed in ye Combynation of this Towne wth ye aforesaid Jurisdiction, & that I wil nether plot nor practice any evil against ye same, nor consent to any that shal so doe, but wil timely discouer it to lawful authority there established ; and yt I will, as I am in duty bound, maintaine the honner of the same and of ye lawfull Magistrats thereof, promoteing ye pub- like good of it, whilst I shall continue an Inhabbitant there : & whensoever I shal gine my voate or suffrage touching any matter wuch concerns this Common Wealth, being cald thereunto, I wil gine it as in my consience I shall judg may conduce to ye best good of ye same, wthout respect [of] prsons or favor of any man ; soe help me God in ye Lord Jesus Christ.'
" The forementioned agreements wear concluded ye day & yeare aboue written, betwene ye parties abone mentioned in be- half of ye Jurisdiction of Conectecott, and ye Towne of South- ampton, wth refference to ye aprobation of ye Commissioners, for ye vnited Collonies, wch being obtayned the said agrements are to be atended and observed, according to ye true intent and purpose thereof, or otherwise to be voyde and of noe effect; and in testimonie thereof have interchangeably [ ] put to their hands."
By the original charter of the Connecticut colony the executive power was vested in the Governor and four magistrates. As the colony increased, the number of magistrates was enlarged, and each town had one or more. It must be remembered that this, the colony of Connecticut, was a separate one from the New Haven colony, which latter was begun in the fall of 1637, when Mr. Theophilus Eaton with others, went out on an exploring ex- pedition, and settled themselves about the Quinnipiac river at the
55
CIVIL RELATIONS.
the head of what is now New Haven harbor. *From this colony thus commenced, came the founders of Southold, who, about the middle of October, 1640, formed themselves into a church organi- zation at that plaec.
In 1645, on the 30th of May, the articles of combination of Southampton were signed. This made it necessary for the South- ampton magistrates to attend officially the general court of elec- tion, which occurred at Hartford on the second Thursday in May. There was a second general court held in Hartford in the month of October, which until 1662 was presided over by the Governor and the bench of magistrates, for the enactment of all necessary laws, and for the transaction of other public busi- ness.+ In April, 1662, a new charter was granted to or imposed upon the Connecticut colony, ordaining that there should be an- nually two general assemblies, consisting of the Governor, Deputy- Governor and twelve assistants (magistrates) with two deputies from each town. These assemblies were to be held as before, on the second Thursdays of May and October, and for the same pur- poses. About this time (1662) the New Haven was united to the Connecticut colony, and in the same year Southold came under the jurisdiction of the Connecticut eolony.
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