USA > Ohio > Fulton County > A standard history of Fulton County, Ohio, an authentic narrative of the past, with an extended survey of modern developments in the progress of town and county, Vol. I > Part 3
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Third Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, I, 100. Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, I, 102. Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, I, 101.
Thirty-eighth Volunteer Infantry, I, 91.
Thirty-seventh Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, I, 101.
Thomas, Calvin W., I, 417.
Thorpe Family, I, 270.
Threshing machinery, I, 474.
(illustration)
Tiffin, Edward, first Governor of Ohio, (illustration ) I, 36.
Tiffin River, I, 80; I, 433.
Title to lands, I, 10.
Toledo and Angola road, I, 65.
Toledo and Indiana Electric railway, I, 254. Toll gate, I, 479.
Topography of county, I, 80.
Tornado, I, 80.
Tornado of 1920, I, 485; destruction done by, at Swanton, (illustration ) I, 79.
Town Hall, Archbold, (illustration ) I, 301.
Town Hall, Delta, I, 392; (illustra- tion ) I, 393.
Township election, first in German Township, I, 291.
Trails, I, 208. Transportation, I, 368.
Transportation facilities, Wauseon, I, 253.
Traut, Menno, II, 463.
Treasurers, I, 83. Treaties with Indians, I, 37.
Treaty of Greenville, I, 32; signatures to, (illustration ) I, 33.
Treaty of Paris, I, 18.
Treaty of 1783, I, 18.
Tredway, Harry R., II, 544.
Tredway, Hartwin H., II, 405.
Tremain, Charles W., II, 227.
"Tribune," I, 184.
Trinity Church of the Evangelical Association, Wauseon, I, 244. Tripp, Norman P., II, 64.
Trondle, Julius, II, 58.
Trowbridge, Charles F., II, 420.
Trowbridge, John S., I, 380.
Trowbridge, Wallace W., II, 418.
Turkey Foot, death of, I, 32.
Turkey Foot Rock, (illustration) I, 32.
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INDEX
Turpening, Charles N., II, 526. Turpening, Elmer C., II, 326. Tuscarora Indians, I, 7.
Twenty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, I, 101.
Twiss, George W., II, 63.
United Brethren Churches; Wauseon, I, 244; Metamora, I, 322; Dover Township, I 359; Delta I, 399; Gor- ham Township, I, 430.
United States, 1783, map of, I, 17.
U. S. Prison Quarters, Johnson's Is- land, (illustration) I, 100. Upp, Philemon L., II, 33.
1
Van Camp Packing Company plant, Wauseon, (illustration ) I, 251.
Vanderveer, Judson M., II, 122.
Vanderveer, Laura M., II, 123.
Van Ostrand, Jacob, I, 417.
Van Pelt, George, II, 483.
Van Pelt, Harmon, II, 483.
Van Rensselaer, William D., II, 161. Van Valkenburg Family, I, 415.
Vaughan, Alexander, I, 452.
Vaughan, Ellis H., II, 191.
Vaughan, Robert H., II, 190.
Verity, Oliver B., I, 72; I, 339; I, 345; I, 413.
Vernier, Glenn J., II, 107.
Vernier, L. P., I, 157.
Viers, John, I, 451.
Viers, John B., II, 88.
Village pound, Wauseon, I, 223.
Virginia's claim of sovereignty, I, 18. Visger, Jacob, I, 35.
"Vistula Road," I, 65.
Von Seggern, John, II, 145.
Wabash Railroad, I, 253.
Waechter, Henry P., II, 470.
Waggoner, Clark, I, 37.
Waggoner, John, I, 475.
Waggoner, Thomas J., II, 349.
Wagner, Homer O., II, 540.
Wagoner, Simon M., II, 333.
Waidelich, Jackson, II, 494.
Waldeck, Carl, II, 520.
Waldvogel, Otto A., II, 129.
Wales, Henry O., II, 318.
"Walk-in-the-Water," 63.
(illustration )
Walter, Louis I., II, 201.
Walters, William H., II, 350.
Wanner, Albert, II, 371.
War activities in Home Sector, I, 132. War Chest Association, I, 134.
War of 1812, veterans of, I, 85.
War record, I, 85.
Ward, Newton H., II, 153.
Wardley, Thomas C., II, 209. "Wa-se-on," I, 214. Water system, Archbold, I, 300.
Water works system, Wauseon, I, 250. Watkins, Eugene D., II, 194.
Watkins Family, I, 454.
Watkins, Kimmel K., II, 253. Watkins, Wells, I, 467.
Wauseon, I, 190; made county seat, I, 76; court house, (illustration ) I, 77; in 1867, (illustration) I, 108; grad- ed school, (illustration) I, 149; Bank, I, 155; first grist mill in, I, 201; first resident family, I, 209; railroad built to, I, 209; in 1857, (il- lustration) I, 211; first passenger train to enter, (illustration) I, 212; first hotel, I, 213; how named, I, 214; incorporation of, I, 216; Coun- cil records, I, 217; street improve- ments, I, 217; early taxes, I, 218; sidewalks, I, 220; first bonded issue, I, 220; cemetery, I, 220; police force, I, 221; first jail, I, 222; village pound, I, 223; early ordinances, I, 223; first fire company, I, 224; first fire, I, 225; first epidemic, I, 226; City Hall, I, 227; mayoral succes- sion, I, 227; schools, I, 232; first school, I, 232; churches, I, 238; first church building, I, 240; fraternal organizations, I,
245; Masonic bodies, I, 246; public library, I, 249; water works system, I, 250; indus- tries, I, 252; population, I, 253; transportation facilities, I, 253; first hotel, I, 254; hotels, I, 254; birds- eye view of, 1881, (illustration) I, 255; mayoral succession, I, 256; hos- pital, I, 503.
Wauseon Cemetery, I, 220; Centre Mound, (illustration) I, 230.
Wauseon Chapter, Daughters of Amer- ican Revolution, I, 132.
Wauseon Chapter, No. 111, R. A. M., I, 246.
Wauseon Church of the Nazarene, I, 245.
Wauseon Council, No. 68, R. & S. M., I, 246.
Wauseon Council, records, I, 217.
Wauseon First National Bank, (illus- tration) I, 161.
nseon High School, (illustration) I, 153.
Wauseon Hospital Association, I, 503. Wauseon House, I, 254.
Wauseon Lodge, No. 156, K. P., I, 247. Wauseon Lodge, No. 349, A. F. and A. M., I, 246.
Wauseon Lodge, No. 362, I. O. O. F., I, 245.
Wauseon Normal School Building, now public elementary school, (il- lustration) I, 235.
Wauseon (N. Y. Central) Station, (il- lustration) I, 254.
Wauseon Plant of Van Camp Packing Co., (illustration) I, 251.
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INDEX
Wauseon "Republican," I, 54; I, 76; I, 180; I, 182.
Wauseon Savings and Trust Company, I, 155. Wayne, Anthony, I, 20; (illustration) I, 23; death of, I, 34. Wayne County, establishment of, I, 35; organized 1796, (map) I, 35. Wayne's Route along the Maumee, (map) I, 24. Weber, Clarence G., II, 7.
Weber, C. P., II, 461.
Weber, Harry C., II, 19.
Weber, John T., II, 507.
Weber, William, II, 35.
Weber, William J., II, 51.
Welch, Charles, I, 448.
Wells, Joseplı, I, 202.
Wentz, Clarence E., II, 193.
Westbrook, Leland D., II, 341.
West Swanton, I, 479; industrial his- tory, I, 481.
Wheat, I, 137.
Whiskey still, Franklin Township, I, 443.
Whitcomb, Melvin J., II, 86.
White, David, I, 315.
Whitehorne, Myron, I, 259.
Whitesell, Frank R., II, 170.
White settlement of the Maumee Val- ley, I, 44.
Wild cat, (illustration ) I, 313.
Wildin, Jacob G., I, 288.
Wild turkeys, I, 313; (illustration ) I, 197. Wiley, Isaac, II, 268.
Wilkins, Archibald M., II, 259.
Wilkins, John A., II, 256.
Willcox, Abraham, I, 451.
Willcox, Ezra, I, 451.
Willeman, Harry T., II, 100.
Willett, Garner I, 268.
Willey, Elias, I, 200. Williams County, I, 45.
Williams, Elisha, I, 191.
Williams, Henry H., I, 260.
Williams, Isaac V., II, 474.
Williams, Jane C., II, 267. Williams, John T., II, 536.
Williams, William A., I, 271.
Williams, William F., I, 260.
Williams, William W., II, 267. Willson, Anson, II, 92.
Willson, Burton, II, 93. Wilson, Emery, I, 457.
Wilson, Martin, I, 457.
Wilson, William, I, 52.
Winameg I, 56; I, 375; mounds, I, 1.
Wi-na-meg, Chief, I, 2.
Winslow, Valentine, I, 365.
Witmer, John, I, 465.
Witmer, John F., II, 289.
Wolf, Fred H., I, 498; II, 53.
Wolves, I, 178; I, 192; I, 313; (illustra- tion) I, 179.
Woman's Relief Corps, No. 20, Wau- seon, I, 109.
Women's Club, Wauseon, I, 175.
Wood, Jonathan, I, 455.
Woodman Lodge, No. 1035, Fayette, I, 426.
Woodring, William H., II, 306.
Woolace, Amos, II, 288.
Woolace, Franklin, II, 306.
Woollace, William, I, 417.
World War, Fulton County in, I, 85; I, 113; Fulton County's first detach- ment, September, 1917, I, 115; Ful- ton County's second detachment, September, 1917, I, . 123; Fulton County's third detachment, October, 1917, I, 125.
Wright, Ann P., II, 158.
Wright, Edward G., II, 97.
Wright, George G., II, 158.
Wyandotte Indians, I, 9.
Wyse, Clarence L., II, 115.
Wyse, Gideon D., II, 138.
Wyse, Romeo P., II, 106.
Yeagley, Lawrence L., II, 157.
Yoder, Joel, II, 295.
Yoder, Samuel B., II, 15.
York Center, I, 389.
York Township, I, 53; I, 380; organi- zation of, I, 56; records, I, 387; schools, I, 401; population, I, 405.
Yost, Charles E., II, 157. Young, Joshua, I, 500.
Ziegler, George M., II, 120. Zimmerman, Albert, II, 166. Zimmerman, Peter, I, 383. Zink, George P., II, 457.
ROAD MAP OF FULTON COUNTY OHIO . MICHIGAN RIZ R 3 E
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34
History of Fulton County
CHAPTER I
FULTON COUNTY ANTIQUITIES
While the main purpose of this current writing is to record specific- ally and extensively the direct history of that part of Ohio now known as Fulton county, placing chiefest importance upon the inclusion of that part of its annals not embodied in other historical works, the compilation, to be comprehensive, should include, as a preface to the direct historical narrative, a review, necessarily brief, of events of anterior date, historic and prehistoric, analogous thereto; which re- quirement the compiler has endeavored to meet.
It is more than probable that the white settlers of the period since 1832, and the Indians of prior domiciliation, were not the only terre- tenants of the region which now is Fulton county; there are, or have been, evidences in the county, and in other parts of Ohio, to give credence to the supposition that a prehistoric human race peopled the region. The mounds of Winameg, and other places, seem to point to the presence of earlier human inhabitants than the Indian tribes encountered by the first white explorers. The bones of the mastodon have been found in many parts of northwestern Ohio, one of the most perfect specimens of the prehistoric monster being discovered a few miles southeast of Wauseon; and, from such evidence of the presence of pachydermatous mammalia in the region in prehistoric times, it may well be assumed that the highest form of animal life, i. e., man, also was existent. Implements, such as were used by men of primi- tive days in other parts, have been found in northwestern Ohio, near the fossilized remains of animals known to be of the glacial period; and in many other evidences theorists are supported in the belief that in prehistoric times a human race lived in the territory which now is Fulton county.
The petrography of many boulders present in Ohio, and foreign to the natural rock formation of the region have interested geologists, who estimate the age of the boulders to be from 25,000,000 to 150,- 000,000 years, and state that they were of glacial transportation; while evidences of very early geological ages point to the probability that the Gulf of Mexico once extended to the region.
Several mounds similar to those at Winameg have been found along the Maumee River; but those of Winameg have, of course, direct place in Fulton county history. They were, in 1892, the subject of special investigation and report by a worthy Fulton county resident, Judge Wm. H. Handy, and his report is the most authentic descrip-
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HISTORY OF FULTON COUNTY
tion of an interesting phase of Fulton county history, and should be placed on record. Judge Handy reported, in part, as follows:
"In the past week one fact has been demonstrated, viz: that a great lost race, which for want of a better name has been named the 'Mound Builders,' once inhabited Fulton county. Until now, no works in Ohio, north of the Allen county north line, or west of the Lueas county west line, have ever been certainly identified as the work of that people ...... Today, on the banks of Bad Creek, overlooking the fa- mous council grounds of the Pottawattamies, on which stands the historic Couneil Oak of the Red Indians, we have loeated and identified eleven mounds of the Mound Builders, and the site of the twelfth. . . .. For more than half a century. . .. . . Hon. D. W. H. Howard ..
on whose farm, and in whose orchard, most of them (the mounds) are ...... ha- zealously guarded them from vandalism, permitting no one, in any way, to interfere with them, further than to eultivate the ground ...... The mounds are located on the southeast quarter of the northwest quarter of section 9, town 10 south, range 3 east, in Pike Township, Fulton county ...... They are built on a high ridge, con- taining five or six acres of land, and following the highest outer eleva- tion of the bluff, with three exceptions.
"No. 1 (mound) is nearly covered by Mr. Howard's wood house, and is built on the southern edge of the bluff. A distinct and well defined terrace appears on the north side of the mound. No. 8, in the road, has almost been obliterated. The balance, while their outlines are somewhat indistinct, can be easily seen. The soil is a top-dressing of light sand, mixed however, at a depth of six or seven inches, with gravel. Long years after these mounds were built they were exposed to the winds and rains, and consequently have lost much more by erosion than they have gained by decaying vegetation, or otherwise. And, indeed, Mr. Howard tells me that within his memory they were much higher and more distinct in their outlines than now. Besides, they were cultivated, more or less, for many years. Colonel Howard tells me that he heard old Chicf Wi-na-meg, the father of the Wi-na- meg after whom that postoffice was named, and when the old chief was about ninety-five years of age, say that the oldest man did not know who made the mounds, and that nobody knew; but he thought that a great battle had been fought there and the dead buried in the inounds. Indian tradition, then, failed to account for them. If the Red Indians had built them, tradition would have brought the fact down to old Winameg, probably. But it will need no argument to convinee one who has read much of the manners and customs of the Red Indians that they did not build the mounds, or other works of the 'Mound Builders'.
"We went into these mounds with the purpose of making the exca- vations thorough enough to disclose their identity, their purposes, and whether they had ever been disturbed. When this had been accom- plished, we quit work on each particular mound ...... Our first exca- vation was of mound No. 5. ..... This mound was about thirty-five feet in diameter. About ten feet from the centre we found small pieces of chareoal. The soil, before we got to the altar, was composed of : mould, six inches; white sand, eighteen inches; yellow sand, mixed with some gravel, at the surface. At about the centre we uncovered
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1
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HISTORY OF FULTON COUNTY
two altars, one a circle, the other a parallelogram, the circle lying di- rectly south of the other. The circle was four feet in diameter; the parallelogram, as near as we could make it, four to six feet. The altars were constructed in about the same manner. First was the soil. Overlying this, one foot of baked soil-sand, baked to a light brown color. Overlying this, four inches of sand baked until it had turned a bright red. Overlying this five inches of charcoal. Above this, six inches of sand and mould.
"On the circular altar we found some remnants of human bones that had partially burned, and nothing else. On the other altar we found the bones partially burned of many different wild animals. Among the human bones on the circular altar, we found a jaw bone containing four teeth. Very near the original surfacc, but with the baked earth covering him, immediately under the circular altar, we found the skull and a portion of the skeleton of a man, head to the
OLD WATERING SPRING, USED BY THE INDIANS AT HISTORIC WINAMEG, AND KEPT INTACT BY THE HOWARD FAMILY.
(The mounds of the "Mound Builders," the prehistoric "great lost race" of Fulton County and Ohio, are a hundred yards, or so, to the right of the spring.)
west, and lying on his face. We have this skull, the part of the skull above the nasal bone, well preserved. Compared with the skull of an Indian found intrusively buried in Mound No. 6, we find two distinct types of man.
"This is all we found in this mound. It was noticeable that the burned sand of the altars was as dry as the dust that blows in the street, while when we came to the original soil, which had not been burned and under the altars, we found it moist. The ground of which the altars were composed had never been disturbed since the fires went out. This was demonstrated to a certainty. No digging would ever have been done without disturbing the strata, and it had never been disturbed. The baked sand, the red burned ground, the charcoal were in as perfect layers, as if placed there by the hands of a mason."
1
HISTORY OF FULTON COUNTY
In most cases, the human bones found during the excavation crum- bled upon exposure to the air; and some of the mounds had been tam- pered with, presumably by the Indians; but the investigation had added local proofs to others discovered in Ohio to indicate that a race earlier than that of the Indian had dominion in this part of the West- ern Hemisphere.
Of course the origin of the American Indian dates back far into hazy antiquity ; and it is perhaps possible to link the "Mound Builders" . with the Indian by supposing the differences in form and character to be reasonably and merely the ordinary process of evolution. The Mound Builders may have been the forefathers of the Indians, change in the character, and indeed in the physiognomy, of the race coming with the passing of the centuries, in much the same way as changes have taken place in form of other species of the animal kingdom, during the evolving processes of centuries of reproduction, and adapta- tion to location and climate.
Whether the historic mounds of Fulton county, and Ohio, were actually mounds at the time sacrificial use was made of the altars is not clear. Maybe the altars were open to the heavens. It would seem that the operation of fires in such covered spaces would hardly be tolerable. Again, the fact that many of the early human races were, in some unexplainable way, attracted to the solar system in their in- stinctive desire to worship something. would strengthen the thought that the early inhabitants of American territory were not mound builders at all, but people of almost Druidical convictions and religious practices. The ancient Celtic race, which originated in the Himalaya Mountains of India, might well have divided there when migration began, and just as one portion spread over the lands of Gaul, Britain, and Germany, so might another body of Celts have spread over the lands to the eastward, and passing through Tibet, Mongolia, Siberia, have reached the American continent by way of Alaska. And just as the Celts of westward migration established, in various places of settlement, evidences of Sun worship, in the huge stone circles and cromlechs still standing in France and parts of Britain, so might Celts of eastward drift have carried their Druidical practices with them, adapting their means of worship to the geological limitations of the region in which they settled. In the rocky regions of France and Britain, their circles and approaches could most conveniently be of stone; in, for instance, Ohio, where rock formations are not so near the surface, their circles and approaches would, feasibly, have been of earth, or clay. The common origin of the peoples of the earth is closer than the average person imagines. Students of the languages of the American Indian have noted a similarity in root of many Indian and Celtic words. That similarity may have come, within recent centuries. by the association of the French with the Indians in the seventeenth century; or it may have resulted from the absorption by the Indians of a Welsh party, which, it is believed, sought, earlier, to establish a colony in America. Wilkins' "History of Wales" records the sailing, in the fourteenth century, from Welsh shores of a certain Prince Madoc, who was bent on a voyage of discovery ; also, that he returned some years later, bringing news of the discovery of a wonderful new land across the seas, westward. He wished to gather followers and re-
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HISTORY OF FULTON COUNTY
turn to the new land, and there found a colony. It is understood that he drew to his standard many Welshmen, and that, in due course, the expedition set sail. Whether Prince Madoc reached America with his band of colonists cannot even, properly, be conjectured, for no tidings ever again came of him, or of his followers; but it is not a matter for conjecture as to the land to which he referred. His discovery of "a new land across the seas" could not have been merely of a part of Ire- land; that was not a new land to the clans of Wales. The coast clans of both countries had for many centuries prior to that becn clashing periodically at sea, both engaged in what perhaps would, nowadays, be deemed to be piratical adventures. If Prince Madoc's expedition landed in America, it either was annihiliated by the Indians, or merged into their life. In the latter event, Welsh practices, and to some ex- tent Welsh speech, would have some effect upon their Indian asso- ciates. However the "Mound Builders," the religious practices of which people might feasibly have been Druidical in character, were, presumably and probably, of a much earlier generation than that of the Indians who might have met Prince Madoc. It is the linking of thoughts of the Druidical ancient Britons, i. e., the Welsh and Corn- ish people; of the Mound Builders, with their altars; of the possible merging of Madoc's Welshmen with the American Indian of a later day-that prompts onc to the thought of the possible original eastern migration of Celtic people, as hereinbefore suggested, and of the pos- sible linking of those people with the mound builders of Ohio. In which event, the cognomination, "Mound Builders," would not prop- erly fit the early inhabitants of Fulton county and Ohio.
However, the service rendered to the county, and nation, by Col. D. W. H. Howard, in guarding from vandalism the mounds upon his property until such time as proper investigation of them could be undertaken, is one of distinct historical value-a contribution to the archaelogical records of the nation.
CHAPTER II EARLY JURISDICTION
Among the Indian tribes, the aborigines of which there is histori- cal record were the Lenni Lenapes, and the Mengwe. The Lenni Lenapes held mainly to the rivers, and the Mengwe to the country bordering on the lakes of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York. Until finally subdued by the Iroquois confederacy, which "put petticoats on the men," and deprived them of all right to make war, change their habitation, or dispose of their land without the consent of their over- lords, the Lenape, or Lenni-Lenape nation held dominion throughout the whole country west of the Hudson River, including the larger rivers of Pennsylvania, and the streams of Ohio, even as far south as the Carolinas. Their seat of government was on the Delaware, and they held autonomous power over all the tribes of the territory. Tra- dition has it, that sometime during the fourteenth century :
THE OLD INDIAN MISSION, WHICH STOOD ON THE BANKS OF THE MAUMEE, TWO MILES ABOVE WATERVILLE
"There came to the west bank of the Mississippi River, each jour- neying eastward, two nations of Indians, called respectively the Lenni Lenapes and the Mengwe. Neither knew of the journey of the other, nor had they any former acquaintance. Their first meeting was upon the river. They found the country bordering on the river to be in the possession of a numerous fierce and warlike nation of Indians call- ing themselves the Allegwi, who elaimed all the territory for hundreds of miles around, and apparently were possessed of sufficient force to
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7
HISTORY OF FULTON COUNTY
maintain that elaim. The emigrants sent messengers with presents to the chiefs and saehems of the Allegwi, and asked of them permis- sion to cross the river and settle in their country. After a council ... the request was refused, but permission was given to the Len- . apes and Mengwe to eross the river, and journey to the country far east and beyond the lands claimed by the Allegwi. ..... Thousands crossed the river, when, either deceived by the number of the emi- grants and fearing them, or with maliee in their hearts, the Allegwi fell upon them with great foree, and slaughtered many, driving the others into the forests and seattering them far and wide. After a time each of the journeying nations was gathered and all united as a common people, and. returning, attacked the Allegwi, beat them in a long and terrific battle, and drove them from the country to the far south.
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