USA > Ohio > Muskingum County > Biographical and historical memoirs of Muskingum County, Ohio. Embracing an authentic and comprehensive account of the chief events in the history of the county and a record of the lives of many of the most worthy families and individuals > Part 2
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0
10. Sandstone
45-75
0
east and southwest direction, where the dip is - once more reversed, and so continues almost to Cambridge, in Guernsey county. The anticli- nal passing east of Norwich is regarded as a spur of the main anticlinal passing through Guernsey county, and described in the report on that county. The Norwich anticlinal is somewhat interesting, in that its eastern slope is much more abrupt than its western, the dip per mile being almost three times as great.
3 0 11. Shale. Coal No. I of section was observed only in 12. Coal, " Norwich" 0-2 0 0 0 13. Fire-clay 0 9 Union township, between New Concord and 14. Limestone. 8 Norwich. The limestone underlying it is more 15. Sandstone and shale. 100 1-6 2 16. Coal No. 7. 0 or less fossiliferous. The coal is of no value. 17. Fire-clay 0 The Crinoidal limestone, in Muskingum, is shaly and course-grained, wanting the com- 0 18. Sandstone 50-70 pactness and flintiness characteristic of it in 19. Shale 10-25 0 20. Coal No. 6. 21-41 0 21. Shale and clay 25 0 0 Guernsey, Harrison, and Carrol. It is well 23. Coal No. 5. 22. Sandstone 30 4 to 0 exposed in Highland, Monroe, Adams, and Salem townships, and runs out in the hills of Madison, about three miles east of the river. 4 24. Shale and Sandstone. 55 3 0 25. Iron ore 1-3 26. Limestone 7 27. 28. 0 The only species found here, aside from those common to this part of the state, is Ctenopty- chius semicircularis, of which a single specimen Fire-clay Coal No. 4. 1 0 4 to was obtained in Salem township. Coal No. 7b 29. 0 30. Sandstone and shale. Limestone, flint, or iron ore. 2-3 0 20 is seen at a distance of from one to thirty-five 31. Coal No. 3a .. 2 to 10 feet below the limestone. It appears to be of 32. Sandstone 10 1 0 economical importance only in the vicinity of 33. Limestone 0 0 34. Coal No.3 1 0 6 35. Fire-clay 75 Norwich, in Union township, where it is thirty- four inches thick. Toward the north it be- 36. Sandstone 0 comes thinner, and averages only ten inches through Salem, Adams, Monroe, and the 37. Coal No. 2. 23 to 0 4 38. Shale and sandstone 45-50 0 39. Coal No. 1 1-4 40 0 greater part of Highland. Where of available 40. Shale 2 0 thickness, it appears to be a very good coal. 41. Iron ore 0 The "Norwich " coal is quite circumscribed in 42. Shale. 5-10 0 43. Conglomerate 28 area. Both it and the underlying limestone 44. Waverly rocks. 102 0 disappear northward. It is worked in High- land and Union townships to a slight extent. The designation of different coal measures The limestone under it is blue, weathering buff, by numbers will be understood by those prac. very tough, and contains many fossils, among tically conversant with coal mining interests. them Productus costatus (?), P. punctatus, P.longis- Others are referred for specific information to pinus, P. Prattenanus, Athyris subtilita, and Cho- the Ohio Geological reports which treat this netes granulifera. Coal No. 7 is as variable here subject at length. as in the adjoining county of Guernsey. South
The dip is somewhat irregular. In the of the Central Ohio railroad it attains great northwestern portion of the county, especially importance, but thins out abruptly northward, in Jackson township, it is quite sharp to the being seldom more than one foot thick, and northeast, but before reaching the Muskingum usually a cannel of poor quality. At one river it changes to southeast. Along a line or two points it suddenly expands to nearly six running southwest from near Johnson's mills, feet, but yields an inferior coal. It was seen in in Monroe township, to near Sonora, in Perry Monroe, Adams, Madison, Washington, and
17
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY.
Muskingum townships. Coal No. 6 is the im- color, and very irregular in quantity and mode portant bed of the county. It is the upper of deposition. It occasionally replaces the coal at Coaldale, near Zanesville, and is mined limestone and becomes three fect thick. In extensively in Monroe, Adams, Madison, Wash- Jackson township it is associated with an im- ington, and Muskingum. The thickness varies portant bed of iron ore. It contains numerous from three to four feet. The upper part of the remains of mollusca, which, for the most part, bed usually consists of hard, slaty coal, four to are badly preserved. Coal No. 2 is thin and six inches thick, burning well, making a hot of no economical value. Coal No. I was seen fire, but leaving much ash. Six to ten inches only in Licking and Jackson townships. It is from the bottom is a very persistent clay part- variable in thickness, but yields a coal of very ing about two inches thick. Other partings superior quality, apparently free from sulphur. are sometimes seen, but they are not persistent. Where accessible it is too thin to be of much Ordinarily the coal is of excellent quality, con- economical valve, but in some almost inacces- taining little sulphur and yielding a very supe- sible localities it expands to four feet. The rior coke. In some localities in Washington strata below this coal were observed only in township a bed of iron ore is seen about fifteen Jackson township, and will be found fully de- feet below this coal. Its area is not extensive. scribed under that head.
In Jackson Township the section is as fol-
Coal No. 5 is local in its development, appear- ing only in Washington township, and exhibit lows: ing great variations in thickness. It is most im- FT. IN. portant near the Central Ohio railroad, and 1. Shale .. 35 0 thins out rapidly northward, disappearing 3. Shale . 4 0 8-10 about twelve miles north of Zanesville. Coal 4. 2. Limestone 5. Clay. Coal No. 4. 0 4 to 8 No. 4 is a persistent coal, though varying 12 0 greatly in thickness. Wherever seen in Mon- 7. 2 6. Limestone 2 0 0 3 Flint and iron ore. roe, Adams, Cass, Jackson, Muskingum, and Madison townships it is a cannel, but is of 9. 8. Coal No. 3 Sandstone 75 9 0 no value, except at one locality in Jackson 10. Coal No. 2. 1-2 0 0 township. It is interesting, especially because 11. Sandstone and shale 50 0 of its relations to No. 6. In Monroe township 13. 12. Fire-clay 5 it may be traced along White Eyes creek from Coal No. 1. 2-4 0 14. Shale . 30 0 near Otsego to Johnson's mill, twenty inches 15. 0 0 16. Shale .5-10 Iron ore 2 thick, and about forty feet below No. 6. It is 17. Conglomerate 28 everywhere known as the "limestone coal," 4 18. Calcareous iron ore. but the limestone is not persistent along the 19. Nodular iron ore. 0 0 0 outcrop. Tracing it down Wills creek, the 20. Sandstone 2 27 0 interval between the coals is seen to increase, Coal No. 4 is here of economical thickness, until, at Frew's mills, it becomes ninety feet. and in the neighborhood of Frazeysburg is
At the salt works, near the Coshocton line, it is the same; near Dresden, one hundred feet; McCann's bank the section is:
on the north branch of Symmes Creek, eighty feet; and near Morton's coal work's, on the Muskingum, one hundred and ten fect. In Liberty township, Guernsey county, it becomes twenty feet. These variations afford an excel- lent illustration of the doctrine, long since es- tablished, of unequal subsidence. The gray limestone overlying this coal is coarse-grained,
a fracture like sandstone. It contains great numbers of Spirifer lineatus. Coal No. 3 and its associate limestone are duplicated in this portion of the county. The coals are thin and of no value. The limestone is variable, in some places pure and ringing when struck, at others quite carthy. The fossils are ordina- rily perfect, and are very numerous. With the upper limestone is a flint, gray to black in
FT.
IN.
Coal.
0
2
Shale
0
4
Coal
2
5
Fire-clay 1
0
At the end of the entry the thickness is only eighteen inches. The coal is cannel, contain- ing many thin scams of bitumen, and near the top, one of bituminous coal, two and one-half
sometimes shaly, but usually compact, having inches thick. It burns beautifully, but leaves
a very bulky ash .. A specimen forwarded for analysis gives the following result:
Specific gravity 1.305
Moisture 2.60
Volatile combustible matter. 37.00
Fixed Carbon. 54.95
Ash
5.45
Total 100.00
worked at several openings. At Mr. Samuel
18
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY.
Sulphur 1.73
Sulphur left in coke .. 0.99
Sulphur forming of the coke
1.68
Gas per pound, in cubic feet. 3.32
Ash White
Coke. Pulverulent
association with the flint, which, though usually very thin, sometimes replaces the ore entirely. This ore occurs in plates, and is obtained with considerable ease, each digger averaging about two tons a day. It frequently contains well-
Specific gravity
No. 1. 3.152
No. 2. 3.464
Water combined
2.40
10.05
Silicic acid ..
26.72
3.66
Iron, sesquioxide
13.57
79.07
Iron, carbonate ..
43.08
Manganese
0.60
1.70
Alumina
2.00
2.60
Lime, phosphate.
2.64
1.13
Lime, carbonate.
4.18
Magnesia, carbonate.
4.24
0.65
Magnesia, phosphate
0.53
0.23
99.96
91.79
Metallic iron
30,28
54.65
Phosphoric acid
1.21
0.89
This bed runs out in the hills to the north preserved casts of Productus and Spirifer. Speci- and west of Frazeysburg. Towards the north- mens of this ore yield the following on analysis :
east it rapidly thins out, and along Irish ridge can be traced only as a black streak under the limestone. Coal No. 3 is nowhere of any value, and is seldom more than ten inches thick. Coal No. 2 shows itself near Mr. William Morgan's house, on the West Carlisle road. An opening was made here and pushed for some distance into the hill without finding good coal. The bed was found thirty inches thick. Atanother open- ing by the road-side the thickness is only eight- een inches. Coal No. I has been worked at various points along Wakatomaka creek, in the northwestern portion of the township. It is the thickest on Mr. Joseph Willey's property, in Section 8, where the following section was obtained :
This bed is not persistent to the northeast 1. Sandstone of Frazeysburg. On the West Carlisle road the FT. IN. 15 0 2. Clay. . 4 0 9 3. Coal, bituminous 0 flint is found of a beautiful bluish-black color, 4. Clay parting 0 0 4 4 and containing many fossils. Upon it rests a 5. Cannel coal. 8 thin seam of iron ore, capped by a grayish 6. Clay parting 0 2 5 7. Bituminous coal. 4 8. Fire-clay 0 limestone. Three miles from Frazeysburg, both flint and ore have disappeared, and the lime- stone has become double, with three feet of The coal from Nos. 3 and 7 is said to be of coarse sandstone between the layers. The low- most excellent quality. Mr. L. W. Doane, who er ore bed was worked many years ago on Mr. superintended an oil-boring near by, asserts that Jackson Blissard's property, but the workings it is entirely free from sulphur, and is the best have fallen in, and so concealed all exposures. blacksmiths' coal he ever saw. The cannel is The revival of mining called attention to this very poor and little better than bituminous bed, and some of it was hauled to Frazeys- shale. It abounds in vegetable remains, some burg. It is found at many localities along of which are exceedingly fine. Mr. Doanehasob- Wakatomaka creek, and is doubtless persistent tained slabs of Lepidodendron and Sigillaria two along the whole course of that stream above to three feet square. The dip eastward here is the point where the conglomerate first shows quite sharp, being five feet in one hundred itself. It is somewhat interesting to observe yards. At none of the other openings in this that this horizon is an ore-bearing one in West neighborhood does the coal exceed two and Virginia and Pennsylvania. Just below the one-half feet in thickness, and sometimes is conglomerate is found a bed of calcareous ore less than two feet. The ore beds of impor- yielding eighteen per cent. of iron. Though too tance here are two. The lower rests almost poor to be worked alone, it has proved useful directly upon the conglomerate, while the as a flux. Underlying it is a bed of nodular upper is always more or less intimately con- ore in sandstone, the nodules containing casts nected with the flint above Coal No. 3. Be- of the shells which served as nuclei. Though tween these, and about twenty-five feet below the amount of available ore here is consider- Coal No. 2, is a thick bed which may prove to able, the inducements to mine are very slight. be of some value. The upper bed has been There is no reason, however, why this ore should worked to some extent near Frazeysburg. It not be a source of great profit to the commu- lies near the surface, and is obtained by strip- nity. The furnace to work it should be erect- ping from three to twelve feet of superficial ed at Frazeysburg. Situated on a railroad and deposits. It varies in thickness from eighteen the canal, the furnace could be easily supplied inches to three feet, but is much injured by its with richer ores, and good coke, at low rates,
0.70
Sulphur
19
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY.
could be obtained by the canal from some of and to yield a coal of fair quality. Coal No. I the numerous openings into Coal No. 6, along undoubtedly exists west from Nashport, but is the Muskingum river. Under such circum- probably very thin, as no openings, or even stances, a furnace at Frazeysburg could not fail exposures, were observed. The outcrop of to be successful. Some years ago a number of Coal No. 4 was seen at several localities, but it gentlemen residing in Toledo, and represented is very thin. Near the Muskingum line the flint here by Mr. L. W. Doane, bored 764 feet in ore bed has been worked by stripping. Coal search of oil. Their property lies in section 8, is not mined to any extent here, as it can be about two and one-half miles north-west from brought more cheaply by canal from Coshoc- Frazeysburg, and is divided by Wakatomaka ton county. In the western portion of the creek. The boring was begun eighteen feet township the conglomerate and the Waverly below the top of the conglomerate, and on series are exposed. the bank of the creek. Mr. Doane gives the following section :
FT.
1. Gravel 63
2. Conglomerate 59
3. Blue core 8
4. Sandstone and shale (about two-thirds sandstone) 523
5. Blue mud . 12
. 6. Black material, exceedingly hard, but without grit .. 4
7. White sandstone, yielding salt water in large quantity. 33
8. Shales, dark brown or bluish, with nod- ular pyrites. 62
764
The gravel, of course, is detritus brought down by the stream. The interval represented by it is partly filled by exposures up the stream, as follows:
FT.
1. Conglomerate .. 28
2. Calcareous ore 4
3. Nodular ore .. 2
4. Fine-grained sandstone 15
5. Brown sandstone. 12
Leaving twenty feet, not seen, necessary to tion there is:
make the section in the oil well complete. There is no reason to doubt that Nos. 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this section, as well as No. 2 of the oil well section, belong to the Waverly series, which, therefore, includes all down to No. 8, the Huron shales. The carboniferous conglom- erate is here quite coarse, and contains many pebbles two-thirds of an inch in diameter. The
FT.
1. Limestone, bluish-gray 4
2. Sandstone 6
3. Shales 8
4. Coal, cannel 2
5. Concealed 65
6. Sandstone 5
7. Shales 10
IN.
0
2. Fire-clay and shale. 60
0
3. Sandstone 40
0
4. Coal No. 4. 0
0
5. Fire-clay 8
0
6. Chert. 0
6
7. Coal No. 3a. 0
0
8. Sandstone 4
0
0
10. Limestone.
0
11. Coal No. 3. 0
0
12. Shale
2
0
No measurement of the coals was attempted, owing to the character of the exposures. The in- terval between Nos. 4 and 6 includes the gray limestone, slabs of which were seen about ten feet above No. 4, On Wakatomaka Creek Coal No. 4 was formerly worked. It is there a cannel two feet thick, as measured at the out- crop, the opening having fallen in. The sec-
The concealed portion includes the flint and sandstone, No. 4 of the second section, is fine blue limestone which are seen in the road a grained, without pebbles, and works nicely mile further up the creek. At its base is a thin under the chisel. No. 5 is scarcely inferior to coal four inches thick, not satisfactorily shown it. At the depth of 671 feet salt water was in the section, but well exposed at two points found in large quantity, and is said by Mr. farther down the creek. This is Coal No. 2. Doanc to average nine or ten per cent. of salt. Coal No. 3 was nowhere observed. Coal No. Under such circumstances, there can be no 6 is worked near Adams' Mills, in the north- doubt that, were there suitable means of trans- castern portion of the township, and is there portation, the manufacture could be carried on four feet thick.
here to profit. In Muskingum township Coals Nos, 4 and 6 In Licking township Coal No. 2 has been are exposed at many localities, but openings worked by Mr. L. Stump near Nashport, and is are few and for the most part confined to the said to be somewhat more than two feet thick, eastern portion of the township. Near the
In Cass township, about one mile west from Dresden, a number of deserted openings upon Coal No. 6 mark its western outcrop. On the road from these banks to Dresden the follow- ing section was obtained.
FT.
1. Coal No. 6. 0
9. Fire-clay 3 4
20
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY.
Dresden road to Zanesville Coal No. 6 has been tion is the better. Near the works Coal No. 4 is worked by Messrs. E. Bland and J Beatty. seen by its smut, accompanied by the gray These openings are adjacent, and give the limestone above. The salt well is 408 feet following section: deep, beginning about 120 feet below Coal No. 1. Slaty coal IN. 6. No record of the boring could be found. The brine contains from five to six per cent. 5 2. Parting 1 2 3. Coal. 2 4. Parting of salt, and the average weekly manufacture is about fifty barrels. A specimen of Coal No. 6, obtained here, gives as follows:
5. Coal. 2312 2
6. Parting
7. Coal
2
8. Parting
1 1%
9. Coal
2
41
No. I is really a bituminous shale. It will burn, but it is not equal to the poorest cannel. Below No. 6 the coal is very bad and contains much pyrites in nodules, while above the same parting there are numerous streaks of the same. The coal here is by no means equal to that obtained east of the Muskingum river. The same coal has been worked by Mr. C. Mat-
tingly and by Mr. Lane, at whose banks it is works about four miles, Coal No. 6 is worked, said to be four feet thick. A specimen from and shows a thickness of three and one-half Mr. Bland's bank gives the following:
Specific gravity . 1.308
Moisture. 3.00
Volatile combustible matter.
38.40
Fixed carbon. 56.70
Ash
1.90
Total. 100.00
Sulphur 1.83
Sulphur remaining in coke. 0.79
Sulphur forming of the coke. 1.34
Fixed gas per pound, in cubic feet. 3.80
Character of coke Compact.
Color of Ash .. . Yellow.
A cannel coal, probably No. 4, was formerly worked on the old Blunt farm, near the line between Cass and Muskingum. It was found impossible to determine accurately whether it is No. 4 or No. 3a, as there is no satisfactory exposure of the accompanying strata. The thickness is variable, ranging from four to seven feet. It was mined to a considerable extent by a Newark company for distillation. The discovery of petroleum rendered the man- ufacture unprofitable, and the works have fallen into decay. The limestones here are three in number, each with a coal bed under it. The ore bed can be traced into this township, but has never been worked, and there are no means of determining its thickness or value, as the exposures are very bad.
At Mr. J. Closen's salt works, in the northern portion of Madison township, Coal No. 6 is worked. It is about four feet thick, and yields a good coal throughout, though the upper por-
Specific gravity 1.287
Moisture 2.90
Volatile combustible matter. 36.70
Fixed carbon. 58.80
Ash 1.60
Total. 100.00
Sulphur. 1.59
Sulphur remaining in coke .. 0.82
Sulphur forming of the coke. 1.35
Fixed gas per pound, in cubic feet 3.72
Character of coke Compact
Color of ash Light gray
At Mr. Geo. King's, due south of the salt
feet. Seventy-five feet below it, and directly under the gray limestone, Coal No. 4 has been worked, but is not now exposed. Ten feet lower Coal No. 3 is found in the run under its limestone, which is here of a very light blue color and full of flattened specimens of Spirifer lineatus. The coal is said to be three feet thick. A specimen is given as follows:
Specific gravity. 1.343
Moisture. 2.80
Volatile combustible matter 35.60
Fixed carbon. 47.20
Ash 14.40
Total. 100.00
Sulphur
2.74
Gas per pound, in cubic feet. 3.32
Ash Gray
Coke . Compact
On the south fork of Symmes creek the following section was obtained:
FT.
IN.
1. Coal No. 7 .. 1
6
2. Shale and sandstone. 70
0
3. Shale 12
0
4. Coal No. 6. 6 3
5. Clay. 15
0
6. Sandstone 50
0
7. Gray limestone 4
6
8. Clay 6
0
9. Coal No. 4. 1
6
10. Clay
8
0
11. Flint and iron ore. 4
6
12. Coal No. 3a. 1
0
13.
Clay . 4
0
6
0
15. Limestone
3
0
16. Coal No. 3 1
0
17. Shalẹ 9
0
14. Sandstone.
21
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY.
Coal No. 6 is worked on this Creek by About eight miles north from Zanesville, Mr. Messrs. J. M. Garrett and Townsend Gore, at David Matthews mines Coal No. 6, which whose banks it is four feet thick. At Mr. shows- Slack's bank it shows the following section: FT. IN.
IN.
1. Shale
4 4
2. Coal
3. Clay
1
4. Coal 10
5. Clay 1
6. Coal · 5
7. Clay
2
8. Coal
7
9. Clay
212
10. Coal
8
The coal is of excellent quality and makes a good coke, as it does at Mr. Closen's bank, and also at Mr. Alex. Copland's, nearer the river. The limestones of the section are strikingly alike in color and other features. They are grey in color, and weather into large and regu- lar slabs about four feet square and one foot thick. They are fossiliferous, but the number of species is small and the specimens are badly preserved. The clay under the flint has been manufactured into earthen-ware by Mr. Minner, on Symmes Creek, and appears to be a good article, as the ware found a ready sale, not only in the immediate neighborhood, but also in Dresden. The ore bed is the same as that already referred to in Jackson township, and Character of coke. deserves to be carefully tested. The sandstone over Coal No. 6 is coarse, and sometimes con- glomerate. A heavy conglomerate appears, near Mr. George King's, one hundred feet above . section was obtained: Coal No. 6.
In Washington township, at Wharton's coal works, and at Coal Dalc, about two and one- half miles from Zanesville, the following sec- tion is exposed:
1. Sandstone
0
2. Coal
1
3. Sandstone 12
4. Coal No. 6 4
5. Sandstone 18-35
6. Coal No. 5 312-4
7. Sandstone 50
Coal No. 6 only is mined here, as No. 5 yields a coal of too poor a quality to be mar- kctable. Ncar this locality a cannel coal, probably Coal No. 4, is seen in the bed of the creck, and is eighteen inches thick. The two beds, 6 and 5, are seen on the property of Moses Robinson, and on that of Messrs. Fisher and Mangold, near the Adamsville road. They are cach three and one-half feet thick, but the upper one alone is now worked. No. 5 was formerly mined by stripping, on Mr. Moses Robinson's property, near the school-house.
FT.
IN.
1. Shale and sandstone, partly con- cealed.
60
0
2. Coal No. 6.
3
6
3. Fire-clay and shale 15
0
4. Iron ore 3
0
5. Shale 7
0
6. Sandstone. 30
0
7. Coal No. 5 0
4
8. Shale
30
0
9. Sandstone 25
0
10. Iron ore ..
3
0
11. Gray limestone
1-4
0
12. Coal No. 4
0
7
13. Shale ... 25
0
14. Blue cherty limestone. 1
6
15. Shalc.
0
2
16. Coal No. 3a. 1
10
17. Sandstone 10
0
18. Blue limestone. 1
0
19. Coal No. 3 0 10
Coal No. 6 shows the following section:
FT.
IN.
1. Cannel coal
0
6
2. Coal
1
10
3. Clay 0)
2
4. Coal. 1 0
3 6
The coal above the parting is very pure and makes an excellent coke, very compact and handsome. Two coking ovens were in use at the time of examination, and two more were being built. Below the parting the coal is very poor, and often two-thirds of it is pyrites. Streaks of pyrites occur occasionally in the coal above, but are very thin and not extensive. A specimen of Mr. Matthews's coal yields the fol- lowing:
Specific gravity 1.318
Moisture. 3.10
Volatile combustible matter 37.50
Fixed carbon. 56.50
Ash 2.90
Total 100.00
Sulphur 3.02
Sulphur remaining in coke:
1.48
Sulphur forming of the coke. 2.49
Fixed gas per pound, in cubic feet 3.56
Compact
Color of ash Fawn
A short distance further up the river, on the property of Mr. L. Menefee, the following
4 2
1. Slaty coal 0 4 6
2. Coal 3
4
3. Clay
0 2
4. Coal
0 4
.
FT.
22
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY.
Mr. Menefee claims that the bed is entirely Coal No. 7 was seen only at one point. It is free from pyrites, and that neither streaks nor seventy-five feet above No. 6, and is not more nodules have ever been seen. The entry has than nine inches thick. South of the rail- been driven only forty feet and has hardly road it is mined extensively, and is four to reached sound coal, so that it would be inju- five feet thick.
dicious to speak positively in this connection.
The greater portion of Adams township The coal is quite pure, shows little tendency to lies at such an elevation as to place it far above break up on exposure, and exhibits no incrusta- any available coal. The higher coals, which tion of copperas on the outcrop. Fifteen feet are worked at Norwich, Union township, thin below the coal is a bed of iron ore three feet out northward and become worthless. On thick, containing about eighteen inches of what Symmes creek and Wills creek Coal No. 6 is has been pronounced a most excellent ore. exposed. A section of the township is as The deposit is evidently extensive, as it was follows: traced from this point east and north through 1. Crinoidal limestone FT. IN. 2 the township to the opening in Coal No. 6, 0 0 2. Shale. 2-15 belonging to Mr. White, on the road to Adams- 3. Coal No. 76. 0 10 0 ville. The horizon is one at which ore is found 4. Fire-clay 2 at numerous localities throughout the coal 5. Shale and sandstone 100 0 field in the state, and the deposit here merits 7. Shale and sandstone. 6. Coal No. 7 .. . 0 6 0 careful investigation. This is the most north- 8. Coal No. 6. 80 6 3 erly point at which Coal No. 5 has been seen in 9. Fire-clay. 4 0 the county, nor, indeed, has it been seen east or 10. Not well exposed. 11. Coal No. 4. 30-70 0 0 west of this township. Though identifying this 2 bed with Coal No. 5 of the state. section, Mr. Coal No. 6 has been worked on the north fork of Symmes creek, in Section 16. The coal is said to be three and one-half feet thick, and of good quality. Along Wills creek this Stevenson doubts the propriety of so doing, especially as there is no associated rock by which to prove its identity. It would seem more probable that it is an intercalated bed, if coal has been mined in Section 2 and in Section one may judge from its sudden origin and ex- 3, being worked only for domestic use .. Coal pansion. It is absent over the greater part of No. 4 is not reached on Symmes creek, and is Muskingum and Guernsey counties in localities nowhere satisfactorily exposed along Wills where both Nos. 6 and 4 can be recognized creek, though it can be recognized here and without doubt. Coal No. 4 is of no importance, there, and, with some difficulty, can be traced and was observed at no other locality. Here from Johnson's mills to Frew's mills. Frag- it consists of cannel, three inches, bituminous ments of the gray limestone were occasionally coal, four inches. Coal No. 3a, though here seen, but it was not observed in place. Nodules only twenty-two inches thick, becomes thirty of iron ore are common in the sandstone above
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