USA > Ohio > Stark County > Combination atlas map of Stark county, Ohio, compiled, drawn and published from personal examinations and surveys > Part 2
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STARK COUNTY COURT HOUSE & JAIL. CANTON, OHIO.
16
17.
Mus. PLoutzenheiser.
Peter Loutzenheiser.
w, a, Robertson, BORN MARCH 15.1818, ALLEGHANY CO. PENN. SETTLED, STARK CO. OHIO, 1822.
Mrs. Adam Hower.
Adam Hower.
18
HISTORY OF STARK COUNTY, OHIO.
TEK history of the early past is the interesting and instructivo heritage of the present atil future. By tho fireside the aged sire relates the adventures and trials of his enrly life to a favored group of listeners. Hfo dies, and they pass into oblivion.
Be ours the task to glean the fragments that remain, anil do for the pioneers of Stark wbut they have done for one who helped to make our nation indepeudcut, -- perpetuate their names.
FIRST SETTLEMENTS. "
" The first Mornvinn missionary in Ohio, Frederick Post, settleil, in 1761, in what now constitutes Bethlehem Township, north of tho Muskingum, and at tho june- lion of the Sandly and Tuscarowns. Nuar Bolivar, above Fort Laurens, on the mouth side of the river, was Tuscararatown. Just there was aa Indian foril, on the route of the great westward Indian trail." Henry Ilowe, in a work published in 1847, says further in this connection : "Tho sito of Post's dwelling, or missionary station, is indienteil by a pile of stones, which had probably formed the back wall of the chimney. The site of the garden differs from the surrounding woods iu tho alisence of heavy timber. The ruins of some trailer's house, across the river, havo beeu taken for these of the missionary station. The dwelling huilt hy Post must have been the first houso crected hy whites in Ohio, excepting snob as the French Jesuits or fur-traders may have constructed. It was not until 1772 that the Indian und Moravian villago of Schoenbrunn was commenced."
Loskiel's " Missiou ffistory" says further, that "on the Ohio River, where, since the last war, somo Indinns lived who had been baptized by the Brethren, nothing up to this time could be done.
" However, Frederick Post, of his own will, lived about one hundred miles west of Pittsburg, at Tusenruratown, inteniling to labor among those Indinas. Tho Brethren wished Heaven's blessings on his work ; and when he asked assistance, John Heckewelder, of Bethlehem Congregation, volunteered to assist him, Post Was known na an active and zealons missionary ; but, by marrying an Indian squaw, he lost the acknowledgment of the Moravian Directory, so as not to be owned further than ns the subordinnto of another missionary. Whenever he went further, aoting independently, ho was unopposed, and continued to hold the friendship and obtain the assistance of the Directory, who informed the people of his wants, but did not hold him as their missionary nor entitled to monetary support."
llcokewelder explains, in a published memoir, bis reasons for coming to Post's assistance, and gives moro niuple record of the mission. Ife bnd oftea seeu Indians when young, and became desirons of benefiting them. Ilo was pleased when, in bis nineteenth year, the Government asked him to preceed with Frederick Post to the Western Indians on the Ohio. Ile sponks of the dangers and fatigues of the journey. llis narrative of the Uniteil Brethren's missions says, in substauce, that Post cherished the hope of Christianizing the Indians, and Heokewelder went with him to teach the children to read and write.
They set out in March, aud came to l'ost's house on the bank of tho Muskingum, at a milu's distance from the Indian village, which lay southward, over the river. When they commenced to clear land, the Indians ordered them to stop and appear next ilny befuire their council. On Post's appearance, they charged him with dis- simulation, since he was taking possession of their Inuds, when he had asmerted that he como to them tu tenob them the word of God. Fost snid he wanted only land enough to live fromn, as bo would not ho a burden to them ; thereupon they decided to give him fifty steps squaro, and next day tho chief stepped it off for him. Duriog the clone of summer Post was asked by tho Governor of Peansyl- vania to bring somo of tho Western Delnwures to an Indiun treaty being held at Lancaster. He did so, nud is not kuown to have returned. Heckewelder returued during the same fall. The Indian and Moraviau village of Shoenbrunn was begun iu 1772, eleven years later.
THE PIONEER.
There is no perfect history. Fiction falls in lina for truth. The "hatchet" of young Washington nud the devotion of the dusky Indian girl in snving Smith are coinuge of a fertile brain : who reeks or wills to lose his faith in kindred tales?
We dimly outline from our signnl-point tho history which meets our oye, and steer our courso between extremes of dates and bappenings whilo incomplotences marks tbo narrativo.
Trnuscribing recollections of the aged wavering in memory, we do not meck to reconcile discrepancies, but to embody hero tho namos uud deeds of those whose like cau never more ho seen.
Westward the tido of nations, mingled, sweeps its way ; it leaped the summits of tho Allegbunies, poured a living food upon the brond Fields of graves und iuto a wilderness of wouds, whose only denizens were ferocious bensts nud moro cruel Indians. It stops not horo, but cumulates its powor, and rolls across u desort, till the solitudes of the Rocky's glens are resonant with the iliu of mining industry ! Vaialy the Indian tried to stem tha torrent; the buater and tivo trapper wero tho spies; the settler's axe next echoed through the wood as monaroh trees camo thundering down; thow onuo groups of three or four, locating hero anil there, nnd soon an endless liao of piaveers moved into these valleys ; emigrant wagons found a wny, with families und household goods; then mills woro built; towne wero laid out; tho merchant brought ou stores. Then cities grew, till noble blocks, palatial homes, and churches steepling bigb, proolaim the energies of our freo poeple.
This amarvelous devoloqueat has no parallel: it reais os a magio tale. Look back a lifetime, and seo theso fielils & primoval forest. Dewalt, Rex, and Loutzen- heizer, avd neur a scoro of others yet arrive in Stark who recolleot when Cauton had no rond; wheu hazel-thlokets stooil npon tho sito of proseut neblo blocks, avd streams unbridged wero swom or wadeil, wud, instead of present cling to note the passing time, was heard the dismal howling of the wolf or the far-off sereeeh of the hungry panther.
Rapid as bovo heen tho changes in this scotion, Stark is only woll upon ber course. The energies which bavo mado the present will not falter; the femmes from
the furnnoes of Massillon, which catch tho eye of coming travelers, will be re- dupliented for munny times, and thero cities' gas-lit streets will lengthen,-still finer blocks bo raised ; for
Lo! our land is like an eagle whose young gazo Feeds on the noontido licam, whoso golien pluioes Flunt moveless on the storm, and, in the blazo
Of sunrise, glams when earth is wrapped in gloon. An epitaph of glory for the tomb Of muntered Eurupe, niny thy fame be mnde, Oreal Peuple! As the sands shalt thou becomo; Thy growth is swift ns morn ; when night inust fade, The multitudinous carth shall sleep beneath thy shade !
EARLY SETTLERS.
Among the earliest settlers in tho County we find tho names of David Bachtel, Robort Lattimore, Jumes Lattimore, and Jacob Kilt, who came ia 1804, and settled at Canton. Two years luter, we And Amos Hollowny, Aaron Stanton, and Jnno Stanton settled where Lexington now stands; Rufus Bnir, John Sluss, and Leonard Mowen have entre to Canton; and Abraham Bair and Georgo Washler settled in Plnin Township. Daniel Dewalt, now seventy-six, and resident of Canton, says, "My father Philip enmo hera in 1807, vu foot. Ile found a romil until he came within fire miles of the village of Cunton ; the interrening distance was traveled along a foot-path among thickets of hazel-brush. He found three houses, built and occupied by Samuel Coulter, James F. Leonard, and Onrrett Crosen. Coulter was Postmaster up to 1816; Leonard was a surveyor, and came to the pluce in 1806. Bezaleel Wells, on luying ont the town, donated lots for a court-heuso and for churches, and offered tho naual indneements of time and donatives of Innil to such incehinnies as should ply their vocation for a stipulated time as inhabitants of the village."
Of other carly settlers, Raynolds gives the names of Captain Downing, Valen- tine Wenver, Thomas Rouch, Mayhew Folger, William Henry, Adam Essig, Philip Slosser, Leonard Mowen, Henry Lowtzenheizer, and Jolin Saxton. In 1806, Mat- thiaa Willaman, whoso sou Peter nuw resides in Jurukavu Township, came from Pennsylvania, and settled near tho present site of Cuuton. From there ho went to Plain. About the same time George Miller, father of Judge Jucob Miller, of Massillon, settled on the west side of Jackson Towoship. This part of the County was thinly settled fur several years.
In 1807 the lunds west of the Tusenrawas River, then knowu as the " New Purchase," were ordered to bo surveyed, and were included in the treaty of Port Industry. The landls cast of the river had been surveyed, aud wero thrown into murket in 1800. Messrs. Joseph Il. Larwill and William Henry, above named, Ivero tho surveyors ef this part of the New Purobnso. Juilgo Hlenry was for sunny years a resident of the townships of Perry and Tuscarnwas, und finally removed to Wooster, in Wayne County. The late Hon. John Hurris was asso- ciateil with them, Ilo was an hunored, upright judge, member of the Legislature anıl of tho Board of Publio Works, and died in 1862 estecuied by all. The survey being made known, immigration to the thon West commenced. The Indlinn title to the land was extinguished iu 1809, but tho Indinn still olung to the huoting. grounds of his farofathers, and brought in fur nud peltry to exchange for tho whito mau's " fire- water."
In the spring of 1807 two young mon, with a horse and a covered enrt londeil with provisions, blmaketa, and ritles, followed the Indian trail over the plains west of Cantou to tho Tuscurawas River, fordiag ut " higb bouks," whero, in later years, stood the olil freo briilge, now nearty in tho contre of the city of Mns- sillon, and went to nearly the centro of what is now Tusenrawas Township, where they found the enmp of the surveyors. Hon. John Larwill, a well-known resident of Wooster, was with the party. "The young maen, John and Robert Wardleu by name, finding n good spring of water ut their balting-place, known now as tho "Scotion," commenced prospecting for a location.
Thoro was at that dato no cabin of n white man west of the Tusenrawas River within the bounds of tho County, uor west of Canton on whint is known as tho Stato Rond, excepting a enbin on the north side of the rond, on the farm now owned by Mr. Dauw, and at the place known as Wert's tavern, and thoro recently us tho residence of Florin Bechler. At these points Benjminin Croninger and Jonathan Neely resided ; the latter moved to nonr Indianapolis, Indiaun, and is thought to ho still living. As wo have said in speuking of the pioneer, an irre- siatless tide of immigration poured in and would not stop. Some immigrauts wroto homo of forests aud marshes, slokness and colil ; others portruyed a Inud of ease nud plenty,-but still they enme. The namo of John Worden is rciucui- bered by somo living as associated with offices of boaer and trust, and for twenty- five years tho peopto of Perry Tuwaship, whoro he lived, knew that he lived uprightly and wurthily.
Tho Innd-offico urt Canton, at which Colonel John Stonne and Coluwel Gibson were receiver and register respectivoly, was crowded with settlers making outry of lunds and Instewing back to fell the trees for entin bones and get a patch of oorn put in. The pages of 1815's Repository are filled at times with sales of lots at quetion in villages Inid out for future oitics, but wbioh are harvest-fichile or old- timo bamlets now.
At this offico weve solil as first anles tho sites of Mansfiold, in Riolland County, and of Wooster, in Wayne, By order of Jumes Mndisou it was removed in 1816 to Wooster. In the fall of 1510 a vond was cut from Kendal, now Mussillen, to Wooster, which was the first rond mado in the Conuty. The first Stato rond was luid out by State Commissioners su tle samo year, between Cantow nad Wooster.
ORGANIZATION.
Stark County was established by act of the Legislature, February 13, 1808, and organized on January 1. 1800. It was named after General Jolin Stark, an officer of the Revolution, who distinguished himself in the battle of Bennington, and is bounded as follows:
"Beginning on the southern boundary of the Connecticut Western Reserve at the uortheast cerner of the nineteenth section in the sixth range, thence running month between the fifth and sixth ranges to the southeast corner of the fifteenth township of said runge; thence with the towuship line west until it intersects the enstern houndary of the United States Military District; thunce with eastern boundary line north of the northeast corner of the tenth township in the first range of said military district; thence with the township liao west until it inter- scets the Inding boundary, to tho northwest corner of fraotional townsbip number teu in the tenth range in the Connecticut Reservo; thence north, with tho lino ruuuing between the tenth and eleventh ranges, to the northwest ourner of town- ship number two of the teuth range; thenco enst with tho soutbera houndory of the Connectient Reserve to tho placo of beginning."
The third section of the act of February 13, 1808, provides "'that all that port of the County lying west of the tenth range and enst of the sixteenth runge in suid new purchuso, south of the Coancetiout Reserve and north of the Unitedl States Military District, shall be a separato and distinct County, of the name of Wayne; hut, with the Cuunty of Stork, shall be attached to and mudo a part of Columbiana County until said County of Stark shall be organized, and shall thereafter be and remain a part of snid County of Stark until otherwise directed by law." On the 10th of January, 1812, there was passed an act the first scetinu of which provides " that the County of Wayne be and hereby is organized into n separate County." The preceding legislation defines the early limits of Stark County. Prior to 1815 it was Inid off into eight townships, viz., Cnuton, Green, Tuscarawas, Saally, Plain, Osnaburg, Nimishitten, und Perry. Jackson Tuwo- ship was divided off from Orcen and Tuscarawas, Brown from Sandy, anil Pike from Canton. At this timo the number of free white male inhabitants of the County aboro the age of twenty- one years was one thousand three hundred and twenty-five, of whom not more than one-sixth took part in the general election.
As the publie necessities seemed to require, it was apportinned into the follow- ing townsbips : Loxington, Washington, Sandy, Piko, Rose, Brown, Harrison, Canton, Plain, Jnekson, Bethlehem, Perry, Lnivrence, Green, Franklin, Tusearn- wns, Sugar Creek, Nimishillen, Marlboro', and Osnaburg. The townsbip of Inko was laid out by the Commissioners of Columbiann County. They were all reg- ular townships of six miles square. In 1832 the townships of Brown, Rose, and Harrison, and two tiers of sections from Snudy, woro tukeu to aid in forming Carroll County ; and in 1840 tho symmetry of the County wns marred by the detachment of Green and Franklin and their assignment to Summit. Sinco that date the County lins consisted of seventeen tuwnships, two cities of the second class, Canton and Massillon, and a third city, Alliance, ready for its honors and an honor to the County.
Many counties aro content with a single city, but Stark has three upon the lino of tho Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway; there are many villuges, which, in township history, will havo appropriate place. The growth of ir city is liko the development of a man, and dependent upon three points of necessity, -food, clothing, and shelter. The fertile soil gove rich harvests of whent, nudl the meadows furnisbed nutritious pasturago for droves of cattle and flocks of sheep; while eluy and stone and forest-tree afforded ample means for building purposes; add to these the iron ledge and bed of coal, and all the elements of Stark's advancement aro in view,
The buwan rnco sweeps westward; thither follow tho expansivo power of com- ineree, the civiliziug influence of the arts, and a grouping at short intervals of hives of manufacturing industry upon tho arteries of inter-oceanie trade,-tho mighty railways of the States,-whoso lines are lengthening still and making sites of cities yet to he.
FIRST OFFICIAL RECORDS.
Tho record of the Commissioners of Stark County shows that on the 16th of March, 1869, tho Bonrd, composed of John Bowen, James Lutimer, and John Nichols, met at the house of James Campbell, in Canton, the grounil-plot of which was thickly oovored with hazel- brush, and procceded to organizo tho County into firo townships, and appoint elections ns follows: Canton Township, election at Sarunel Coulter's; Plain Township, at Ocorge llartor's; Massilton, nt Ilenry Lout- zenheiser's; Osnaburg, at Willinw 'Taylor's; and Sandy Township, at Isaac Van- meter's; William Raynolds being clerk of the Beard.
Every meeting showed work done; wo transcribe the leading ontrics: "Ordered, that the clerk ascertain the number of justices of tho pence which will be veces- aury for oach township of tho County, and thurt he, buirving got the certificate of the mato from the associate judges, do proceed to advertise an election in ench of the said townships, to he held ou the first Monday in April. Said clection shall be for tho numbor of justices agreed upon by tho associate judges, and for all other necessary township officers."
April 10, 1809, Wayne County ins attaobed to Conton for privileges of suffrage. "Onlered, that tnverw licenses bo as follows: in Canton nine dollars yearly, elsewhere in County jurisdiction fivo dollars, said sum to bo paid into the County Treasury." Ferrymen on the Tusenrawirs and Sandy Creek streams wero licensed for six dollars yearly, nnd authorized among other raten to charge footmou sixpence; man oui horse, ono shilling; loadod wagon, bnlf a dollarr ; aud for ovory beid of sheep or hogs, tivo cents.
James Campbell was urst treasurer of the County, George Bir aud Philip Slusser being hvis securities to tho sum of three thousand dollars.
Bounty for aculps .- " Ordereil, by the Board, that the following bounties he offered for killing wolves and poothors for the ensuing twelve months: for the scalp of n wolf or of w puuther under six months old, fifty cents, over that age, one ilollar." Next year, the premiuw wns doubled.
"Ordered, that James Hewitt, John Shorh, and George Miller, after legnt qualif- ention, procced to view the ground along the road from, at, or near Jucob Oswalt's, or the roud lending from Steubenville to Bethlehem ; from thenco to the town of Canton; anil from thence, in the nearest and heat direction towards tho Tuscara-
19
wns portage, to the County line; and that Dauiel L. MeCluro he the surveyor of enid road na vioweil by them. " Report ordered to he made at the Quarterly Sessions of September 1 following. Othor road surveys and views fellow, as roads were a primal necessity.
The first County Inx levied was : on property, one-half per cent. ; on onttle, ten ocuts per hend.
First colleotor appointed was James Vrice, fnr Gsonburg Township. A ballot was bad, and the length of time ench Commissioner was to holil so determined. John Nichols obtained the three-year terin.
It was ordered that the Court of Common Pleas should be held up-stairs in Samnel Coulter's room, and that for the use of the room he should be allowed and paid toreo dollars for ench cowit.
Three trustees and n treasurer were appointed tu lente lands in Section 16. Daniel 1 .. MeClure was appointed trensnror of the County. Listers were appointed, to servo also as collectors if willing to do so; and so, little by little, tho County machinery was put into active operation.
COURT RECORDS.
Tho initial proceedings of the first Court of Common Pleas, beld December, 1809,-Calvin Pense, President, and William Raynolds, Clerk,-wore actions for dobt, trespnas, assault and hattery, onsl alaunder.
The first case recorded is of John Stonno va, George Thompson, for n elnim of fifty dollars.
First indictment by grand jury, John Stonne, foreoinn, was for keeping an nuli- ccused tavern. The second was Willinmu Nailor, for selling whisky nulawfully ; plend gnilty, and hned half a dollar und costs of suit. Counsel for the State in the ense was Roswell M. Mason.
COURT-HOUSES AND JAILS,
The first court ie the County was held, iu the fall of 1808, in an upper room of n log building ereeted by Jehn Shorh, ou the south west corner of Market and Tua- enrawas Streets. The building wns nftorwards owned and occupied by Philip Dewalt as a tavern, sign of the Spread Eaglo. It was torn down in 1827, and the three- story hriek now standing creotod in its place. As an instance of tho riso in prop- erty, Dewalt paid fifteen bundred dollars for the ohl floorless log enhin nud the lot on whieb it stood, and men thought he had paid too dearly ; yet in 1833 be sold the brick block to bis son George for ten thousand dollars, and this timo he bad sold too low.
In the first court Calvin Pease was the presiding judge, Different court-terms of various duration wore held in places not knowu, till in IS10, when court con- rened nt the tavern of Samuel Coulter, sigo of the Green Tree, in the upper story of the frame addition. The same house is now owned and occupied hy C. Gberly, corner of Market and Seventh Streeta. The cellar was usedl ns the first juil, aod in this place of confinement John Sterling was placed for indebtedness, and from wbieb he wns bniled by Dewalt on the following day. It 1812 the court wns removed to Patton's tavern, n brick building erected the preceiling year by Georgo Stidger, on the lot now occupied by tho St. Cloud Hotel. Hore it remained until the completion of a double log building, in 1814, on the corner of Market nud Third Streets. It was intended to serve the purposes of court-house and jail combined. Tho north half of the building had two colls, und the entire south cod was appropriated to court purposes. It answered the intended purposes till the completion of the brick court-house, in 1817. The log structure was retained na a jail until the erection of the old hriok, iu 1831. The contract for the orcetion of this building was given out in 1816.
The County Commissioners of thut your wore John Krydor, John Sluss, and William Alban. Defore the building was completed, John Suxton was elected in place of Jobn Kryder. Thomas A. Dayton was continetor for the briok- work, and J. D. Hlenley the wood-work. The bricks wero mndle and furnishedl by Timothy Wallis. The contracturs were paid hve thousand five hundred and fifteen dollars and sevonty cents. In the spring of 1820 feneo proposals wore alvertised, of " good substantial posts, rails, and snwed pating for a port, anil tho balanco of boards." It was never built. Messrs. Ilarris and Reynolds, having leased the west end of the lot, built upon it a stere, and no fencing was thenght necessary.
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