USA > Ohio > Clinton County > History of Clinton County, Ohio Its People, Industries, and Institutions, with Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families > Part 17
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137
CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO.
David Linton was admitted to the bar in 1841. He afterward removed to the state of Kansas.
Franklin Corwin came to Wilmington in 1840. He was sent to the Ohio House of Representatives, and the district composed of Clinton, Greene and Fayette elected him to the Senate. He later removed to Illinois, where he took an active part in the politics of that state.
Samuel Buck was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, March 7. 1780. In 1799 he settled in Ohio, near Chillicothe, where he studied law. He was admitted to practice in Lancaster by Judges Irvin and Thomas Scott, In 1813. He came to Wilming- ton In 1827 from Hamilton, Butler county. He died in Greene county, October 27, 1862.
('arter B. Harlan was elected in 1834 to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Benjamin Hinkson as member of the Legislature of Ohlo from Clinton county. Prior to this time he had been admitted to the bar. He was elected secretary of state of Ohio, and died during his terin of office, while yet in his prime.
Griffith Foos resided In this county for twenty-three years. He was a printer and in 1829 was at the Wilmington bar. He served as prosecuting attorney from 1835-39. At one time Mr. Foos and R. B. Harlan, when in the midst of a trial of a case, found that the deposition of a person in Augusta, Kentucky, was necessary to its success. Mr. Foos agreed to bold the attention of the jury while Mr. Harlan went on horseback to Augusta, procured the deposition, and returned. This he did successfully until Mr. Harlan appeared inside the door of the court room on his return, when Mr. Foos said : "With these few remarks I close." Mr. Foos represented, In 1840-41. in the state Senate, the district composed of Clinton, Brown and Clermont counties. He died In Anamosa, Iowa. on September 12. 1857.
The following is a Hat of Inwyers who practiced in the Clinton county court from 1810 to 1884. Those whose names are prefixed by a star are deceased :
1810, "James Montgomery ; 1812, *William R. Cole; 1813. "Samuel H. Hale; 1814, *Daniel Radcliff : 1820, *Benjamin Hinkson; 1827. * Philip F. Cribfield, "Samuel Buck ; 1528, *John Taaffe. "Thomas A. Armstrong: 1829. * Griffith Foos; 1832, "John Myer; 1834. * Carter B. Harlan: 1837. * Robert B. Harlan; 1838, "Michael H. Johnson ; 1539. *Noah S. Halnes. * William Fuller : 1840, "Franklin Corwin; 1841, David Linton ; 1843, *Frederick P. Lucas: 1844. "Ruel S. Beeson, James W. Denver : 1842. * William H. Bald- win: 1845. * Isune 8. Wright : 1846. * Grafton B. White; 1847. * David Harlan. . William B. Fisher; 1848, Jebu Trimble: 1849. ^Ethelbert C. Hibben, "Chilton A. White; 1850, *J. O. Felton : 1851. "Benajah W. Fuller, .William B. Telfair ; 1853. "Azariah W. Doan ; 1854, "William T. Pierre. "Alonzo C. Diball; 1855, "Joseph H. West, "Christopher C. Harris, *Daniel Collett. "Isaac B. Allen. * Henry S. Doan; 1856, "James I. Collett, *Charles W. Blair : 1857, Robert E. Doan, Angus MeKay, "Joseph MeCry ; 1858, Jonathan D. Hines, *Leroy Pope, "John M. Kirk : 1860. "Thomas Thatcher. "Isaiah W. Quinby, "Samuel R. Nickerson : 1861. L. F. Austin, .Lewis C. Walker, .William P. Reid : 1862. Nathan M. Linton : 1865. * William H. West. "Thomas Q. Hildebrant. "Felix G. Sloane; 1866, "John S. Savage: 1887. * Lewis J. Walker: 1568. Levl Mills, Madison Betts. A. H. MeVey. Calvin B, Walker: 1889. Melville Hayes; 1870, "David T. White. C. Perry Baldwin: 1871, Charles 8. Jelly. * William W. Savage, B. D. Scott. James E. Fitzhugh ; 1872. Charles R. Dwiggins: 1873, Edward J. West, "Lucius H. Baldwin ; 1874, Charles W. Swaim, Simeon G. Smith: 1876, Alpheus H. Jones: 1877. * Andrew J. Harlan ; 1878, G. A. Haworth, James V. Ellis. David B. Van Pelt : 1879, *Peter Clevenger. * Frank B. Mills. A. F. Clevenger. William B. Telfair, Jr. : 1850, C. A. Bosworth.
Since 1884 all lawyers have been admitted at Columbus and the following alpha- betical list gives the most prominent of those who have practiced in Clinton county. The dates of their admission to the bar have not all been found. Many have moved away from the county and many others have died, so it has been found impossible to establish the exact date when they began to practice. The list follows: P. E. Aldridge,
138
CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO.
George C. Barns, 1897; C. C. Bowers, Joseph M. Brant. 1803: H. G. Cartwright, T. O. Dakin, 1904; W. H. Dakin, Joseph T. Doan, 1884; J. F. Fitzhugh, S. L. Gregory, 1884; Adolphus Harris, W. H. Hartman. 1855; Eldon Hayes, 1800: W. C. Hicks, Alonzo Hixon, D. K. Hempstead, 1908: 8. W. Hulse, 1907; C. E. Jordan. I. Q. Jordan, 18044; M. E. Jordan. Harry D. Lindley, Fred Kelley. J. C. Linton, 1007; A. J. McNair, Frank M. Moore, 1992; J. C. Martin, 1886; J. M. Moore, J. M. Morton, Jesse N. Oren. A. J. Savage, 1006: Patrick Savage. W. I. Stewart, 1888; G. P. Thorpe, C'hilton A. White, John D. White. D. B. Wilson.
Three of these lawyers have been in Congress: R. E. Doun, John S. Navage and Chilton A. White. White was a resident of Clermont county at the time he was elected to Congress. I. W. Quinby was at one time a judge In the appellate division of the bureau of pensions at Washington. D. C. The present officials of the local courts are Edward J. West, of the common pleas court, and Levi Mills, of the probate court.
PRESIDENT, ASSOCIATE AND COMMON PLEAS JUDGES.
Francis Dunlavy, president judge, 1810-17: Jesse Hughes, associate judge. 1810-38; Thomas Hinkson, associate judge. 1810-17: Peter Burr. associate Judge, 1810; George McManus, associate Judge. 1810-24; Aaron Sewell, associate Judge. 1817-38; Joshua Col- lett, president judge. 1817-29; James Dakin, associate judge, 1824-38; George Smith, president judge, 1829; Morris R. Chew. associate judge. 1838-43: Abraham How, associnte Judge. 1838-43; Benjamin Hinkson, president judge, 1836: George MeManis, Jr., associate Judge. 1838-43; Elijah Vance, president Judge. 1943; Jesse Hughes, Jr., associate judge. 1843. to February, 1851: David F. Walker, associate Judge. 1843-51: Isaac Thornburg. associate judge, 1543-51: John Probascor. Jr., president Judge. 1849-51 ; Stephen Evans, associate judge. February, 1551; Isnue Collett, associate judge. February, 1851; T. D). Austin, associate judge. February, 1551: Ralph S. Hart. district judge. 1852: W. A. Rogers, president judge, 1851; W. H. Baldwin, president judge. 1855; James Clark, 1856; Robert B. Harlan, president judge. 1855-57; William White. president judge. 1857; George J. Smith, 1959; W. J. Gilmore. 1859; George Johnson. 1860; J. J. Winans. W. J. Gilmore, 1867: LeRoy Pope, 1809-74; A. W. Doan, 1875-90; D. B. Van Pelt. 1890-1900; W. W. Savage, 1900-1902; Felix J. Sloan, 1902-1905; Edward J. West. September 4, 1908. to the present time.
PROBATE JUDGES.
Angus McKay. 1952-58: David 8. King. 1:56-01: Joseph H. West, 1861-67; John Mathews, 1867-55: N. N. Williams, 15-5-1806: J. 8. Kimbrough. 1:96-1913: Levi Mills 1913 to the present time.
PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS.
In June, 1810. Joshua Collett was appointed to represent the state of Ohio in the case of Obio vs. Cornelius Quick. The first regular prosecuting attorney was James Mont- gomery, who filled the office from October. 1810, to 1812; William R. Cole, 1812-34: John Taaffe. 1834-35: Griffith Foos, 1835-39; Michael H. Johnson, Franklin Gorwin. 1843-5: David Linton, 1545-49; Grafton B. White. 1849-51; William B. Fisher, 1:51-53; Benajab W. Fuller, 1553-55: Azariah W. Down, 1855-50; A. C. Diboll, 150-61; I. B. Allen, 1861-63; Lewis C. Walker, 1863-65; John M. Kirk, 1867-71 ; Melville Hayes, 1871-73: Levi Mills, 1873-75: John M. Kirk, 1875-77: E. J. West, 1877-58; W. W. Savage, 1×58-94; W. H. Hartman, 1894-1900: W. H. Miller, 1900-44: Joseph T. Doan. 1904 to the present time.
CLERKS OF THE COURT.
Warren Sabin, clerk pro tem. March to October, 1810; Peter Burr, 1810-16; Isaiah Morris, 1×17-37; Lawrence Fitzhugh, 1837-44: Thomas T. Carothers, 1844-50; Abraham E. Strickle, 1850-32; Charles N. Osborn, 1852-58; Rodney Foros, 183564; John A. Smith. 1864-70; Loammi D. Reed. 1870-76; Isaac N. Harlan. 1876-79: Marvin R. Higgens, 1870- 85: Frank M. Dakin, 15557-91: C. Q. Hildebrant, 1:01-1900: John E. Bond, 1900-02: R. C. Lawhead, 1902-05; Leo Weltz. 1905 to the present time.
CHAPTER IX.
EDUCATION.
The history of rural education in Ohio has never been written, but it did not differ materially in the first half century of the state's development from that of other states in the Middle West. Like her sister state to the west, Oblo was content with what was called the subscription school until after the adoption of the Constitution of 1852. The first schools in the state were found in the Connectlout Reserve along Lake Erie and were Introduced by the thrifty Yankees from the Nutmeg state. Only the more densely popu- lated and progressive communities were blessed with any kind of schools at all during the first quarter of the nineteenth century. The school houses were Invariably rude log structures, devoid of any comforts, and the teacher was usually equipped as meagerly as the room in which he held forth. Tenchers were very scarce and often the teacher was some farmer in the community who practically offered to "keep school" for two or three months during the winter season. That these early schools were appreciated is shown by the fact that there were often from sixty to a hundred pupils enrolled under one teacher. The man who could handle such a number of children and teach them anything at all must have been a person of unusual physical courage, if not of mental ability. With the aid supplied by the neighboring hickory groves. this pioneer teacher succeeded In keeping at least a semblance of discipline, and In some mysterious manner he handled his Juvenile army and actually taught them the rudiments of "rendin'. 'ritin' and 'rith- metic."
Until 1552 only four branches were required to be taught in Ohio schools, reading. writing, arithmetic and spelling. Male teachers were required to take examination in reading, writing and arithmetic. but not in spelling; on the other hand. the female teachers, for some reason which the reader is left to imagine, were allowed to substitute spelling for arithmetic If they so desired. Evidence of proficiency in the above subjects was sufficient for applicants to secure certificates entitling them to teach from six to eighteen months. It is said that on more than one occasion the examiners were unable to read the papers of their applicants and granted them their certifientes according to the amount of paper consumed in the examination. Be this as It may. there were many excellent teachers and the great majority of them were masters of the four subjects' which they taught.
After the adoption of the Constitution of 1852 there was a decided improvement in the schools of the state. Grammar and geography were added to the curriculum and. as may be imagined, there were many protests against the innovation. A few years Inter some courageous men in the state succeeded in getting the study of history introduced Into the course of study. but the bravest act was that of the men who Introduced physio- logy into the public schools. This latter subject aroused violent opposition on the part of many people, an opposition which can be compared to that which the study of eugenies has stirred within the past few years. Additions to the curriculum have been made from time to time until now common school teachers are required to pass an examination in ten subjects. The Intest subject to be added is that of agriculture, and could our good forefathers step into a modern school room in this county and see the' boys and girls testing seed corn or determining the fertility of the soll. they would no doubt think that the teacher was a fit candidate for an insane asylum. What the pioneer of the twenties
140
CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO.
and thirties might think of tenebing piano music in the public schools would be an interesting thing for a vivid imagination, but such instructon is actually given in the school rooms of Clinton county today.
Between 1870 and 1880 improvement in the rural schools was directed along five main lines: the building of more school houses, the addition of teaching alds In the school rooms (maps, books, etc.), raising the educational requirements of teachers, the payment of higher salaries to teachers and compulsory attendance on the part of the pupils. Between 1855 and 1890 the rural school reached its greatest efficiency and enjoyed Its highest splendor of sentimental glory. No orator thought his speech complete without a reference to the little red school house, and there are not lacking today spell- binders who appeal for votes on the ground that they are still in favor of this same little red school house.
But the day of the rural school of a dozen or two pupils bas gone from this state forever the red school house of our forefathers has seen Itx day. By 1590 the exodus from the rural districts to the urban centers bad begun to assume large proportions Between 1800 and 1910 some rural districts in Ohio Just thirty-three per cent. of their population. Many a rural school in the state which boasted of an enrollment of fifty or sixty in the middle of the last century dwindled down to a paltry dozen or even less by 1900. Hundreds of rural schools have been abandoned within the past ten years and hundreds more are doomed. So it came to pass that the rural schools and the system of rural education generally became a burden to the people, not only from a financial standpoint, but also because of their inefficiency. Farmers are now demanding that their children have as good educational advantages as those provided for the children of the city. So Insistent has become this demand that townships all over Oblo are abandoning their rural one-room buildings and erecting one large centralized building to accommodate all the children of the township.
Clinton county, within the past ten years, has taken the first steps toward con- solidation and centralization and the success which has attended the efforts of the school officials thus far in their efforts points to a new era in rural education in the county. The present condition of the schools of the county is discussed in detall farther on in this chapter. In the history of the respective townships of the county mention is made of the first school in each, together with the early teachers. The future of rural educa- tion is brighter than ever before; never have the people been so wide awake to the value of good schools: never bas there been as much interest in practical education as at the present time. The boy of the future will not only be able to manipulate the "three R's" with greater efficiency, but he will also leave the school room with a knowledge of many . other things which will make of him a better and more useful citizen of the common- wealth. The girl of the future will know more about cooking, dressmaking and the domestic arts at the time she leaves the school room than her grandmother did when she died. The times have changed; the world is demanding things today that our fore- fathers never dreamed of, and it is the glory of the American people that they are adjust- ing themselves to these new conditions. In 2015 Clinton county will look back on 1915. even as we of today are harking back to 1815 and wondering that it took us so long to realize what kind of training we should give our children. May we as citizens of 1915 lenve nothing undone to make our schools the ageney whereby our children may have the best training which nudlern thought can evolve. If we do not. we are derelict in our duty: if we do, we can be assured that our children's children will arise and bless our numex.
PRESENT SCHOOL SYSTEM.
The state Constitution of 1912 made some very radical changes in the Ohio school system. which. with subsequent statutory legislation, has practically revolutionized things in the educational affairs of the state. It is not possible in this article to do more than
141
CLINTON COUNTY. OHIO.
give a brief survey of the schools as they are now managed. The office of county superin- tendent was created and given certain well-defined powers and duties Provision was made for district superintendents in each county, who were to relieve the county superin- tendent of the cares of supervising all the schools in the county. There can be no ques- tion that the present school code is a distinct step in advance and, with competent officials, the schools should become a more efficient factor in the life of the state.
The county superintendent Is elected by the county board of education of five mem- bers, the members of the said board being selected by the presidents of the twenty-three school boards of the county. The county superintendent has supervision of all the schools in the county, except those of Wilmington, the Wilmington special school district being a unit of itself. J. L. Cadwallader, the present county superintendent, was the first man elected to the office and began his duties on August 1. 1914. He is a man of more than thirty years' experience in educational work, having taught in Clinton, Warren and Highland counties, most of his labors being in Clinton county. Being the first man to hold the office, he has, in a manner, had to blaze the trail. Clinton county has won special recognition from the state department for the way in which it has installed the new system and many encomiums have been passed upon the educational work which has been accomplished in the county within the past year.
It is interesting to note that the United States bureau of education sent J. L. McBrien, their special school extension agent, to Clinton county In June. 1915, to make an Investigation of the consolidated school districts of New Vienna and Wayne township. This investigation was embodied in a report which will be issued In the next annual report of the bureau of education.
T'nder the original distrleting there were six district superintendents, but in June, 1915, the county board redistricted the county to meet the conditions of the Winans law, making three districts. In addition to these three school districts, there are two other groups of schools, one composed of five first-grade high schools and the other of three schools, employing a total of ten teachers under the general supervision of the county superintendent. In order to set forth the new system, the following tables have been prepared in the office of the county superintendent. The figures and facts for teach- ers and buildings are for 1915-16; the mill tax is the one levied for 1915.
District No. 1-A. D. Hannum, District Superintendent.
I'nits.
Teachers.
Buildings.
Mill Tax. 2.6
Wilson township
7
6
Richland township
3
3
Reesville special
6
3
New Antioch special
4
4
2.7
Sabina Village
12
1
7.6
Of these five units. Sabina has a first-grade and Reesville a third-grade high school. The other schools in the first district are all rural schools. The district superintendent has thirty-three teachers under his charge and devotes all of his time to supervision of their respective schools. He receives a yearly anlary of eighteen hundred dollars.
District No. 2-H. W. Hodson, District Superintendent.
T'nits.
Teachers.
Buildings.
Mill Tax.
Liberty township
7
1
6.5
I'nion township
14
14
2.3
Adams township
1
4.1
Mt. Pleasant special
6
3
7.3
In this district there are two first-grade high schools, Liberty township and Mt. Pleasant special. Adams has a third-grade high school. The district superintendent receives eighteen hundred dollars for supervising the thirty-two teachers under bis direction.
142
CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO.
District No. E-J. R. Burton, District Superintendent.
I'nits.
Teachers. Buildings.
Mill Tax.
Vernon township
5
5
4.7
Marion township
4
4
4.3
Jefferson township
8
0
4.6
Clark township
7
7
4
Washington township
5
5
4.2
Midland Village
1
6
Midland and Jefferson townships each bas a third-grade high school. The district superintendent receives sixteen hundred and fifty dollars yearly snlars.
Group of First Grade High Schools.
I'nita
Tenchers.
Buildings.
Mill Tax.
Chester township
7
1
5
Blanchester Village
12
1
4.7
Martinsville Village
7
1
6.2
New Vienna Village
1215
2
4.3
Wayne township
1016
2
7.7
This group of five first-grade high schools is under the direction of County Superin- tendent Cadwallader, while the person in charge of each school is designated as a superin- tendent. None of these schools receives state aid for supervision purposes. The New Vienna and Wayne township schools are united for supervision purposes for the year 1915-16 under H. E. Cromer. New Vienna is a consolidated school, and Wayne township is known as a centralized school. The New Vienna village school district comprises New Vienna village, a large part of Green and a small part of Clark townships in Clinton county, as well as parts of Union, Penn and Fairfield townships in Highland county, whleb joins Clinton on the south and east.
Other School Districts.
I'nitx
Teachers.
Buildings.
MINI Tax.
Cuba special
4
1
8
Clarksville Village
5
1
3.7
Farmers Station
1
1
1.8
These three schools come under no special classification as a group. Farmers Station is the only so-called standardized school in the county. To be a standardized school requires a minimum library of fifty volumes, a minimum amount of agricultural apparatus to the value of fifteen dollars and a tencher with a three-years certificate. When these qualifieations are complied with, the school receives an annual appropriation from the state of twenty-five dollars. The county superintendent has supervision of the ten teach- ers of these three schools. A. F. Roush and M. F. Andrew, principais of Cuba and Clarks- ville, respectively. receive seven hundred and twenty dollars for the school year and Jobu H. Simkins, the teacher at Farmers Station, gets a salary of sixty-five dollars a month.
The county superintendent receives a salary of twenty-one hundred, with office expenses of three hundred dollars The three district superintendents who must have at least thirty teachers under their supervision, receive salaries ranging from sixteen hundred and fifty to eighteen hundred dollars a year. High school teachers receive from seventy-five to one hundred dollars a month and the village superintendents range from six to twelve hundred per year. Teachers in the rural schools receive salaries varying from forty-five to sixty dollars a month. Each school district in the county receives state aid to the amount of thirty dollars There are now (1915) one hundred and fifty-six tenchers outside of the Wilmington schools, and twenty seven in the latter. making a total for the county of one hundred and eighty-three. AH of the schools in the county have at least an eight-months term and some of them have nine months. What Is known as the Smith mill tax has tended to shorten the school term in the county.
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143
CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO.
NORMAL SCHOOL.
Recent legislation provided for at least one normal school in each of the elghty-eight counties of Ohio, and Clinton county established its first normal in the fall of 1914 at New Vienna. This school for the training of teachers is in charge of the county superintendent, who is obligated by law to teach not less than one hundred nor more than two hundred hours per year of nine months. During the first year Superintendent Cadwallader taught one hundred and twenty-five and a half hours. He Is responsible for the teaching of school methods, management and law. The course covers only one year and those finish- ing this in a satisfactory manner are granted a year's certificate to teach in the county. The high school teacher at New Vienna teaches agriculture and the music teacher of the same school bas charge of the music in the normal. The Clinton county normal ban now been in operation but one year, yet it has already demonstrated its worth to the county.
The county teachers' association is recognized by the new school code but it is not mandatory that they be held in every county. In Clinton county it has been the custom to hold quarterly meetings of all the teachers under the direction of the county superin- tendent. During 1014-15 only two such meetings were held. Both of these were well attended and it was the consensus of opinion of the leading teachers that they bad their place in the educational affairs of the county. The teachers of Wilmington are included In the association. The president during the past year was Frank P. Sayrs, and the secretary was Etta Weer. The forenoon of the meeting was devoted to round table dia- cussions covering a wide variety of subjects of general interest to the teachers. The afternoon session was in charge of foreign speakers, who discussed some phase of teaching. The county superintendent, by virtue of his position. is the head of the associa- tion and directs the round-table discussion. The meetings in the past have been held at various places in the county, among them being Wilmington, Blanchester and Sabina.
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