USA > Ohio > Franklin County > Groveport > History of Madison Township, including Groveport and Canal Winchester, Franklin County, Ohio > Part 2
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CHAPTER III.
SOME STATISTICS.
We could not ascertain the population of Madison Township for the first thirty years of its history, but to illustrate the rapid increase in popu- lation, we give the following statistics from Kilbourne's Ohio Gazetteer : "In 1800 the territory, now the State of Ohio, contained about 45,000 inhabitants; in 1810, 230,760; in 1820, 581,434, and in 1830, 937,679." In 1829 Madison Township had 278 voters while the total in Franklin county was 2,312. Mr. Kilbourne makes the following suggestive observation regarding the rapid increase of the population : "Perhaps the great- est operating cause of the more rapid increase of popu- lation in Ohio, than in some of the other Western States, is that slavery, with all its blighting evils, is here excluded."
The population by decades is as follows: Madison Township in 1840, 1,815; in 1850, 2,480; in 1860, 3,395; in 1870, 3,440; in 1880, 3,859; in 1890, 3,357; in 1900, 3,217. The population of the villages is in- cluded in the above figures :
Groveport : In 1850, 438; in 1860, 540; in 1870, 629; in 1880, 650; in 1890, 578, and in 1900, 527.
Winchester: In 1850, 350; in 1860, 459; in 1870, 633; in 1880, 850; in 1890, 633; and in 1900, 666.
Madison Township had as large a population forty years ago as at present. This is also true in regard to Groveport.
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
Elections.
The first elections in the township were held at the log tavern of Adam Rarey. Later elections were held at the offices of the Justices of the Peace; in the early fifties in a building that stood south of the Presbyterian church; in 1852-54 in Dr. J. H. Saylor's office, which was then occupied by Esq. Jeremiah White. In 1860 the township erected the brick building on lot No. 13, West Main street. The elections were held here until the fall of 1873 when the township was divided into two voting precincts by a line beginning at the north town- sip line, between Sections 2 and 3, thence south to the Ohio Canal, thence following the canal east one-half mile to Ragers bridge, thence south on the quarter section line to the south line of the township. The territory west of said line was named Groveport pre- cinct, and that east Winchester precinct. The elec- tions in the Groveport precinct were held in the town- ship house until the Town Hall was erected; the elec- tions in the Winchester precinct were held at various places, among them the Schoch office building on High street, the Baily Brothers' building on Waterloo street, and since Winchester purchased the Town Hall the elections are held there. On January 25, 1896, the Board of Deputy State Supervisors of Elections of Franklin county considered the advisability of sub- dividing the Groveport precinct, and on February 8th following, the division was made and Zimmer precinct was established, as follows: "Beginning at the north- west corner of Madison Township, thence south with the township line to the center of Big Walnut creek, thence northeasterly with the meanderings thereof to the north section line of the Madison Township school
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
lands, thence east with said section line to the line be- tween Groveport and Winchester precincts, thence north with said precinct line to the north line of Madi- son Township, thence west with said line to the place of beginning. All territory within said boundary to be known as Zimmer precinct; all territory in Groveport precinct not within above described lines to be known as Groveport precinct." The Zimmer voting building was erected in March, 1897.
Beginning with 1872 the vote of the township has been as follows :
For U. S. Grant 260, for Horace Greely 436; total, 696. 1876, for R. B. Hayes, Groveport 158, Winches- ter 145; Samuel J. Tilden, Groveport 329, Winches- ter 256; total 754. 1880, James A. Garfield, Grove- port 176, Winchester 178; Winfield Scott Hancock, Groveport 332, Winchester 256; total, 948. 1884, James G. Blaine, Groveport 184, Winchester 150; Gro- ver Cleveland, Groveport 305, Winchester 279; total, 953. 1888, Benjamin Harrison, Groveport 166, Win- chester 161; Grover Cleveland, Groveport 294, Win- chester 259; Fisk, Groveport 43, Winchester 12; to- tal, 935. 1892, Benjamin Harrison, Groveport 150, Winchester 146; Grover Cleveland, Groveport 227, Winchester 232; People's, Groveport 14; Prohibition, Groveport 27, Winchester 9; total, 826. 1896, Wm. Mckinley, Groveport 130, Winchester 138, Zimmer 47; Wm. J. Bryan, Groveport 282, Winchester 296, Zimmer 65; total, 958. 1900, Wm. Mckinley, Grove- port 123, Winchester 130, Zimmer 34; W. J. Bryan, Groveport 257, Winchester 273, Zimmer 68; total, 907.
The local elections are usually very quiet, with little rivalry; frequently the Democrats having the only tickets in the field, as was the case in the April elec-
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
tion of 1901. The State and Presidential elections are, however, quite spirited, although always orderly.
During the Vallandingham-Brough campaign in 1863, both parties held mass meeting on the Madison Township fair grounds. The Republican meeting was held on September 19. C. P. Dildine furnished an ox that was roasted for the occasion. Thirty-six girls, one to represent each State, dressed in red skirts, white waists and blue sashes, rode from Winchester to the fair grounds on a wagon that G. M. B. Dove and Al- manzor Hathaway borrowed of a man at Amanda, Ohio, which had been used at Lancaster for a similar purpose.
The Democratic meeting was held on October 13, and was addressed by Hon. S. S. Cox. Isaac W. Fry and Robt. F. Dildine canvassed the township for horses and 100 teams were hitched to a hickory wagon that John Rohr, Sr., furnished.
Madison Township School Enumeration .- 1861, sub-distsict No. 1, 65; No. 2, 65; No. 3, 7; No. 4, 47; No. 6, 54; No. 7, 57; No. 8, 75; No. 9, 46; No. 10, 32; No. II, 51 ; No. 12, 15; No. 13, 48; No. 14, 7; No. 15, 9; No. 16, 9; No. 17, 31 ; No. 18, 200; No. 19, 43; No. 21, 35; No. 22, 72; a total of 968. 1885, male, white, 338; colored, I; female, white, 276; col- ored, I; total, 616. Hamilton township, 8; Marion township, 8. 1886, male, 349; female, 294; total 643. 1887, males, 329; females, 274; total, 603. 1888, males, 326; females, 251; total, 577. 1890, males, 288; females, 254; total 542. 1891, males, 285; fe- males, 250; total, 535. 1892, males, 291 ; females, 242; total, 533. 1893, males, 300; females, 241 ; total 541. 1894, males, 295 ; females, 251 ; total, 546. 1895, males, 274; females, 239; total, 513. Hamilton town-
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G. L. SMITH, M. D. July 28, 1924.
ABEL CLARK, M. D. July 12, 1812 - April 10, 1869.
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
ship, 12. Marion township, 19. 1896, males, 277; females, 234; total 511. 1897, males, 268; females, 242; total, 510. Hamilton township, 8. Marion township, 15. 1898, males, 289; females, 248; total, 537. Hamilton township, 13. Marion township, 15. 1899, males, 308; females, 258; total, 566. Hamil- ton township, 13. Marion township, 14. 1900, males, 302 ; females, 254; total, 556. Hamilton township, IO. Marion township, 14.
Enumeration of Groveport Schools .- 1894, males, 106; females, 99; total, 205. 1895, males, 100; fe- males, 95; total, 195. 1896, males, 102; females, 90; total, 192. 1897, males, 106; females, 85; total, 191. 1898, males, 110; females, 88; total, 198. 1899, males, 98; females, 85; total, 183; 1900, males, 95; females, 73; total, 168.
Enumeration of Winchester Schools .- 1854, male,. 90; female, 78; total, 168. 1857, male, 102; female, 96; total, 198. 1858, male, 101 ; female, 91 ; total, 192. 1859, male, 108; female, 96; total, 204. 1860, male, 107; female, 103; total, 210. 1861-this is the year when the union school building was erected-male, 100; female, 100; total, 200. 1862, male, 95; female, 89; total, 184; 1863, male, 103; female, 100; total, 208. 1864, male, 114; female, 86; total, 200; 1865, male,. IOI ; female, 102; total, 203; 1866-when district No. 18 became the Winchester special school district- male, 117; female, 106; total, 223. * * * 1884, male, 161 ; female, 135; total, 296. 1885, male, 178; female, 127; total, 305. 1886, male, 167; female, 127; total, 294. 1887, male, 145; female, 121 ; total, 266. 1888, male, 141; female, 104; total, 245; 1889, male, 138; female, 97; total, 235. 1890, male, 139; female, 90; total, 229. * 1893, male, 125;
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
female, 82; total, 207. 1894, male, 104; female, 92; total, 196. * 1897, male, 116; female, 89; to- tal, 205. 1898, male, 116; female, 98; total, 214. 1899, male, 117; female, 97; total, 214. 1900, male, 106; female, 95; total, 201.
Assessor's Report, 1855 .- Total number of acres, 33,2773 ; number acres in wheat, 3,091 ; number bush- els produced, 37,179; average per acre, 12 bushels; number acres in corn, 9,229; number bushels, 269,306; average per acre, 30 bushels ; number of horses, 1,369; mules, 2; cattle, 2,885 ; sheep, 1,866; hogs, 5,423.
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ASSESSOR'S REPORT OF CHATTEL PROPERTY, 1900.
Winchester Precinct.
Winchester School Dis- trict.
Winchester Corporation.
Zimmer and Groveport Precincts.
Groveport School Dis- trict.
Groveport Corporation.
No.
Value.
No.
Value.
No.
Value.
No.
Value.
No.
Value.
No.
Value.
Horses
304 776
$13,665 11,895
25 79
$1,125 1,135
41 17
$1,650 370
419 496
$21,295 14,150
16
$770 230
16
$890 320
Mules
5
195
1,895
10
50
17
80
549
2,595
Hogs.
1,396
4,195
102
370
26
110 |771
2,615
25
80
Carriages
57
1,425
6
170
30
715
9
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Watches .
18
210 1,460
5
80
29
280
10
109
1
10
1
10
Pianos and Organs . . .
19
8,035
190 2,695
18
1,170
11
325
3
3
90
Money subject to draft Credits
32,770
3,110
67,800
37,650
2,800
8,200
Dogs
...
84
4
11
38
Mdse. - average value
500
5,950
Raw materials .
500
Total ...
$99,675
$10,230
$115,460
$93,680
$3,810
$16,620
Total in township, chattels
$ 339,475
Total in township, real estate .
1,769,457
Grand total ..
$ 2,108,932
HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
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25,415 2,240
595
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Cattle .
8
9
Sheep
395
.
4
11,975
2,250
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
Crop Statistics Reported 1900 for Year 1899.
Winchester Precinct .- Wheat, 5,689 acres, 47,083 bushels; oats, 57 acres, 1,690 bushels; corn, 2,748 acres, 134,926 bushels; potatoes, 354 acres, 1,557 bushels; meadow, 497 acres, 648 tons; clover, 527 acres, 720 tons; apples, 158 acres, 22,520 bushels ; butter, 42,560 pounds ; eggs, 27,550 dozen ; wool, 1,847 pounds; commercial fertilizer, used 64,800 pounds, cost $678; acres in cultivation, 6,637; in pasture, 379 acres ; in woodland, 462 acres; lying waste, 943 acres; total owned in Winchester precinct, 9,421 acres.
Zimmer Precinct .- Wheat, 412 acres ; 6,750 bushels; corn, 409 acres, 18,500 bushels; potatoes, 9 acres, 430 bushels ; meadow, 65 acres, 71 tons; apples, 17 acres, 1,450 bushels; butter, 4,000 pounds; eggs, 2,100 dozen; Commercial fertilizer used, 40,000 pounds ; cost, $389; acres in cultivation, 995; in pas- ture, 221 acres; in woodland, 20 acres; lying waste, 86 acres ; total owned in Zimmer precinct, 1,322 acres.
Groveport Precinct .- Wheat, 4,198 acres, 72,550 bushels; oats, 67 acres, 2,670 bushels; corn, 3,661 acres, 146,800 bushels ; potatoes, 120 acres, 5,710 bush- els; meadow, 539 acres, 704 tons; clover, 507 acres, 632 tons ; butter, 40,300 pounds; eggs, 22,700 dozen ; Commercial fertilizer used, 115,600 pounds; cost, $1,179; apples, 173 acres, 15,570 bushels; wool, 2,794 pounds ; acres in cultivation, 10,571 ; in pasture, 1,716 acres ; in woodland, '299 acres; lying waste, 844 acres ; total owned in Groveport precinct, 13,676 acres.
Decennial Appraisement of Real Property, 1900.
In Madison Township .- Total number of acres, 33,860; value, $1,143,163; average value per acre,
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$34.08; value of buildings, $194,385; average value per acre, including land and buildings, $39.80; value of village lots and buildings, $225,270; aggregate value of real estate in Madison township as equalized by county board, $1,544,187; amount on duplicate in 1900, $1,468,820; number of acres of arable or plow lands, 30,876; number acres of pasture or meadow lands, 335; number acres of uncultivated or wood- lands, 2,649.
Winchester Village .- Value of lots, $29,210; value of buildings, $116,260; aggregate value, $145,470; value on tax duplicate in 1900, $167,940.
Groveport Village .- Value of lots, $21,250; value of buildings, $58,550; aggregate value, $79,800; value on tax duplicate in 1900, $83,170.
Range of Prices of Wheat and Corn per Bushel - 1850-1900.
Wheat. - 1850 to '59, 58c to $2.00; 1860 to '69, 6oc to $3.50; 1870 to '79, 85c to $2.15; 1880 to '89, 7Ic to $1.50; 1890 to '99, 48c to $1.45.
Corn. - 1850 to '59, 24c to goc; 1860 to '69, 27c to $1.29; 1870 to '79, 38c to $1.05; 1880 to '89, 30C to 87c; 1890 to '99, 18c to 77c.
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CHAPTER IV.
NATIVE AND EARLY SETTLERS.
" I hear the tread of pioneers Of nations yet to be The first low wash of waves where soon Shall roll a human sea."
- WHITTIER.
The first occupancy of this continent by man is as uncertain as the date of man's origin. Many scien- tists now admit man's presence here as a contempo- rary of the mastodon and other extinct animals.
Who built the ancient mounds and earthworks with their rich store of implements and utensils is a sealed volume. To present students they are still a "nameless people" and hence for want of a better name are called Mound Builders. Where they came from, and when, are equally as mysterious and ob- scure problems.
The Red Man's traditions shed no light and are worthless on the subject.
It is quite likely that the country was mostly open and unwooded during the dominion of the Mound Builders, and that the center of their population was in Ohio.
It is certain that most of these ancient works have been built for more than five hundred years; this is proven by the fact that trees of five centuries' growth are found upon them. There are other cir- (22)
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cumstances that point to even a much longer period of residence here. Their influence over nature in the domestication of wild animals and in the transforming influence of certain plant life, such as maize, tobacco and cotton indicate a very long period. Some of the plants domesticated by these people have been in cul- tivation so long that they would perish only for the fostering care of human hands.
The fact that during the Middle Ages no inves- tigations were tolerated and that every reference to such discovery was burned and obliterated, makes it doubly difficult to find solutions now.
Many theories have been advanced to solve the mysterious uncertainty ; Bancroft, in his Native Races, among others mentioned the following ones: Father Duran, a native of Spain, wrote in 1585, "My opinion and supposition is that these natives are the ten tribes of Israel that Salmanazer, king of the Assyrians, made prisoners and carried to Assyria in the time of Hoshea, king of Israel, and in the time of Hezekiah, king of Jerusalem, as can be seen in Esdras, Book Fourth. Chapter Third, they went to live in a land, remote and separated, which had never been inhabited, to which they had a long and tedious journey of a year and a half:" L'Estrange contraverted this theory, but concluded that Shem was the progenitor of the American ; and says: "Shem was ninety-eight years old at the time of the flood and was not present at the building of Babel." It is claimed by some that the word Peru has the same meaning as Ophir, the grand- son of Heber, from whom the Hebrews derived their name, then setting up the theory that Solomon's ships, · on their voyages, which lasted sometimes for three years, went to Peru for the "gold of Ophir." The
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
conjecture of some has been that the Queen of Sheba came from this continent.
Others claim that Noah's long and aimless voyage in the ark encouraged his immediate descendants to construct similar vessels and undertake voyages. These falling in with adverse winds and currents were driven to these shores and being unable to return they became the colonists.
Ignatius Donnelly, in his Atlantis, published a score of years ago, attracted renewed attention to the theory based on Plato's "fabled island of Atlantis." It is related that the priests of Egypt told Solon of an island continent which furnished an almost con- tinuous land passage across the Atlantic ocean. The Azore islands, it is claimed, are the mountain peaks of this submerged island.
The Book of Mormon, said to have been discov- ered by Joseph Smith, September 22, 1827, in a mound called Cumorah, Ontario county, New York, tells that the colonization of America took place soon after the confusion of tongues at Babel.
Some claim that a remnant of the inhabitants of Tyre, who escaped the siege of Alexander the Great, 332 B. C., sailed to America and landed in Florida, and in proof of their theory quote Ezekiel 27 ; 26. Still others point to the similarity between the architecture and sculpture of Mexico and Central America and Egypt for a solution of the problem. Some advocate Carthaginian, Phenician or Greek colonization. The narrowness of the channel at Behring Straits has in- vited others to look in that quarter for a solution. Among the arguments presented are for a Tartar col- onization, noting the resemblance in manner of life and physical appearance of the natives on both sides
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JOHN KRAMER (Uncle Johnnie.) July 26, 1808 - July 10, 1891.
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JOHN HELPMAN. June 17, 1818 - July 18, 1883.
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
of the channel. Others argue for a Japanese and still others for a Chinese colonization. Others refute all these theories and claim the race is indigenous ; others that God created an original pair of human beings here as He did in the old world; still others look to evolution.
Most of these conclusions have very little to stand upon except the productiveness of an imagi- native mind.
There are several pre-Columbian discoveries that rest on documentary evidence, although each of these have their disputants.
In the writings of the early Chinese historians is found the statement that in the year 499 A. D. Hoei- Shin, a Buddhist priest, returned to China from a long journey to an island which he called Fusang, on ac- count of the many trees of that name growing there. It has been assumed that this country was Mexico or California. Two discoveries are accredited to the Irish; one to "White Man's Land," claimed to be located on the Atlantic coast from North Carolina to Florida, the other when St. Patrick sent missionaries to the "Isles of America," which would place the date of the latter prior to 493 A. D. The Norsemen dis- covery in 1002 A. D. is familiar. The Welsh discovery by Madoc in about 1170 A. D. of the coast of Mexico or California. In 1380 A. D. it is claimed the Vene- cians established a church in Greenland. The Portu- gese date their discovery of New Foundland about 1464 A. D. The discovery by the Poles is given as 1476 A. D.
The writer has spent many of his leisure hours in the study of the earthworks and implements of these people, and has many times let his imagination
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look in on their domestic and outdoor life. He has often sat with a stone pipe or axe or other of their relics before him trying to lure it to unfold its mys- terious history.
A conservative view of the consensus of the con- clusions of those who have had the best opportunities to give these investigations intelligent study seems to be that they are of old world origin; that they came in installments, some coming from the southeast, others from the northwest, meeting in the Ohio and Miss- issippi valleys where they were amalgamated, as is proven by the finding of the crania of the long heads and of the short heads with their intermediate types in the same mound; that they became populous and widespread ; that they evolved a system of government which controlled multitudes; that they were in the main agriculturists, although they had a division of labor by which some devoted their time to special trades; that they developed a civilization and culture of no mean type, as is shown by their domestic uten- sils, artistically formed and decorated vessels, cloth, implements and earthworks; that they mined copper, which they made into ornaments and implements ; that they quarried mica for mirrors; that they worked salt mines and flint quarries. The finding of copper from Lake Superior, mica from North Carolina, lead from Missouri, and shells from Florida, all in the same mound, indicates their wide-spread commerce.
The next race- the American Indian-most likely the descendent of the Mound Builders, had less fixed homes, leading nomadic lives, from the fact that most of their time was devoted to hunting and fishing. As far as we are able to learn no Indian villages were located in this township, although a flint-worker's shop
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
must have been located in the neighborhood of Asbury Church, judging by the large number of flint chips. found there. The early settlers in Violet township, Fairfield county, remembered a small village of some twenty or thirty wigwams located on the north bank of Little Walnut creek about one mile east of Win- chester. In a year or two after the first settlements. the Indans left, and while they still occasionally passed through the township they scarcely ever mo- lested any one or attracted any attention. One of their trails leading from To-be-town (Royalton) to Cranetown (Upper Sandusky) passed over the farm of Irvin E. Stevenson. The prominent imminence on this farm no doubt furnishing them a good view of the surrounding country. One thing is certain, they did not make proper use of the rich soil by cul- tivating it. After game sought the deeper and more unvisited forests of the unexplored and uninhabited country farther west and north, they seemed to realize. the inevitable and yielded their old familiar haunts to. the "pale face's power to make the "desert rejoice and blossom as the rose."
The early settlers came not from wealthy and luxurious homes, neither did they come from the indolent class.
Many of them had no competence except healthy bodies and determined wills. They came seeking homes of their own, rather than continue as tenant to. a class whom they feared might oppress and emaciate. them, as had been done by the landlord system in Europe, with which they were familiar and which they abhorred.
They knew full well that in seeking a home in the western forest they were sacrificing many com-
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forts, which they could not hope to secure for many years, if at all in their generation; they knew that they were facing sickness in a malarious climate; they must have, at least in part, considered the great hard ships and privations to be endured.
Congress strengthened the ordinance of 1785 by the execution of the great "Compact" of 1787 estab- lishing, as Salomon P. Chase in his Preliminary Sketch of the History of Ohio says, "Certain great funda- mental principles of governmental duty and private right as the basis of all future constitutions and legis- lation, unalterable and indestructible." Mr. Chase further remarks, "Never, probably, in the history of the world did a measure of legislation so accurately fulfill, and yet so mightily exceed the anticipations of the legislators." Faith in a country governed by such provisions as this ordinance contained inspired a courage and hope that here, where slavery was ex- cluded and where property rights were sacred they would perpetuate the principles of freedom and lib- erty that moved their ancestors to come to America. The early settler therefore came with a purpose to enter a tract of land, which at once made him an interested citizen who would have every incentive to seek and hold fast to the very best in government and morals for himself and family. They were mostly persons in the same circumstances, so very little dis- tinction in modes of life existed among them; but had there been distinctions the perils and hardships to be mutually endured would have made them akin. Their manner of living compelled them to seek and avail themselves of each other's help. They could not erect their cabin or clear away the giants of the forest alone; they must help each other, and no one ever
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HISTORY OF MADISON TOWNSHIP.
failed to respond unless sick or otherwise disabled. When one family would butcher or go to mill or make a successful catch of fish or game, all the near neigh- bors would be remembered with a portion. Many other similar neighborly acts, such as ministrations in sickness and death, and indeed, kindly assistance and sympathy in every experience of their wilderness life knit them together in a bond of friendship the dur- ability and grace of which can only be found in a community where common privations and perils are experienced for a long time. The effects of these beautiful friendships thus formed are even now held dear and sacred among the descendants of many of the pioneer families.
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