USA > Ohio > Wayne County > History of Wayne county, Ohio, from the days of the pioneers and the first settlers to the present time > Part 4
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Cleveland-laid out in 1796 by Job V. Styles.
Franklinton-laid out in 1797 by Lucas Sullivant.
Steubenville-laid out in 1798 by Bazaleel Wells and James Ross.
Williamsburg-laid out in 1799.
Zanesville-laid out in 1799 by Jonathan Zane and John McIntire.
New Lancaster-laid out in 1800 by Ebenezer Zane.
Warren-laid out in 1801 by Ephraim Quinby.
St. Clairsville-laid out in 1801 by David Newell.
Springfield-laid out in 1801 by James Demint.
Newark-laid out in 1802 by Wm. C. Schenck, G. W. Burnet, and John N. Cummings.
39
THE NORTH-WESTERN TERRITORY.
Cincinnati at the close of the territorial government was the largest town in the territory, containing about one thousand inhabitants. It was incorporated in 1802, with the following as first officers :
President-David Zeigler.
Recorder -- Jacob Burnet.
Trustees-Wm. Ramsay, David E. Wade, Charles Avery, Wm. Stanley, John Reily, Samuel Dick, Wm. Ruffner.
Assessor -- Joseph Prince.
Collector-Abram Cary.
Town Marshal-James Smith.
TERRITORIAL OFFICERS.
The following exhibit gives a full list of the officers of the ter- ritory, with the date of service, including the delegates to Congress :
Governor-General Arthur St. Clair, served from 1788 to 1802.
Secretaries-Winthrop Sargent, served from 1788 to 1798; William H. Harri- son, served from 1798 to 1799; Charles Willing Byrd, served from 1799 to 1803.
The latter gentleman was also acting Governor during the closing months of the territorial government, Governor St. Clair having been removed from office, in 1802, by President Jefferson.
Treasurer-John Armstrong, served from 1792 to 1803.
Territorial Delegates in Congress-William H. Harrison, served from 1799 to 1800 ; William McMillan, served from 1800 to 1801; Paul Fearing, served from 1801 to 1803.
Territorial Judges .- James Mitchell Varnum, Samuel Holden Parsons, and John Armstrong were appointed judges for the North-west Territory, by Congress, in October, 1787; the latter, however, declined, and John Cleves Symmes was appointed to the vacancy in February, 1788, and he accepted.
Judge Varnum died in January, 1789, and William Barton was appointed his successor, but declined the appointment; George Turner, however, in 1789, accepted it. On the 10th of Novem- ber, 1789, Judge Parsons was drowned in attempting to cross Big
40
HISTORY OF WAYNE COUNTY, OHIO.
Beaver creek, and Rufus Putnam became his successor, March 31, 1790. In 1796 he resigned, and Joseph Gilman succeeded him. The territorial court was composed of three judges, two of whom constituted a quorum for judicial purposes, and also for the exercise of legislative functions, in co-operation with the Governor.
NAMES.
WHEN APPOINTED.
END OF SERVICE.
James M. Varnum.
October, 1787.
Samuel H. Parsons.
October, 1787.
John Armstrong.
October, 1787.
January, 1789. November 10, 1789 Refused to serve.
John C. Symmes.
February, 1788
William Barton
-, 1789.
Refused to serve.
George Turner
, 1789.
Rufus Putnam.
March 31, 1790 ..
Served until 1796.
Joseph Gilman
, 1796.
Return Jonathan Meigs, Jr., was appointed (says Judge Bur- net) after the first session of the Territorial Legislature, of which he was a member, and probably continued in office to the close of the territorial government, but I have not been able to verify said conjecture.
HOSTILITY OF THE INDIAN TRIBES-MILITARY EXPEDITIONS.
From the time of the organization of the government of the "North-west Territory," in 1788, until the ratification of the "treaty of Greenville," sometimes called "Wayne's treaty," in 1795, the attitude of many of the western Indian tribes towards the white settlers in the North west Territory was that of extreme, unrelenting hostility. The military organization which had marched against them, before the establishment of civil govern- ment in the great North-west, had signally failed to subjugate them, or secure a permanent cessation of hostilities. The disas- trous expedition of General Braddock in 1755, of Major Wilkins in 1763, of Colonel Bradstreet in 1764, of Colonel Lochry in 1781, and of Colonel Crawford in 1782, and the disgraceful and murder- ous expedition against the Moravian Indians on the Tuscarawas, in the last named year, only tended to inflame the hostile Indian
41
THE NORTH-WESTERN TERRITORY.
tribes, and inspire them with greater courage in their hostile move- ments and aggressive measures against the white settlers. The fruitless, if not abortive campaigns of Colonel McDonald in 1774, of General McIntosh in 1778, and of General Broadhead in 1781, of course led to no salutary results. Even the successful cam- paigns of Colonel Boquet in 1763-4, of Lord Dunmore and Gen- eral Lewis in 1774, and of General George Rogers Clark in 1788, failed to secure a permanent peace with the western Indian tribes. The inhabitants of the North-west Territory were, therefore, from the 7th of April, 1788, when the first immigrants arrived at the mouth of the Muskingum, until the treaty of Greenville was con- cluded in August, 1795, constantly liable to the stealthy but deadly attacks of the perfidious, merciless savage tribes of the North-west. But they met their dastardly, cruel, relentless foes in the spirit of genuine manhood-of true, determined, unflinching heroism ! They were men worthy of the heroic age of the West! Bravely did they bear themselves during those seven years of toil and privations, of dread and apprehension, of suffering and sorrow, of blood and carnage.
To secure the speedy termination of those savage atrocities the National Government early organized a number of military expe- ditions, the first of which being that of General Harmar, in 1790, who was then commander-in-chief of the military department of the West. He had a few hundred regular troops under his com- mand, stationed chiefly at Fort Harmar and at Fort Washington, which served as the nucleus of his army. The great body of his troops, however, numbering in all above fourteen hundred, were Pennsylvania and Kentucky volunteers, the former being under the immediate command of Colonel John Hardin, and the latter of Colonel Trotter. The expedition left Fort Washington and marched to the junction of the St. Joseph and St. Mary's rivers (now Fort Wayne, Indiana), where detachments of the army, under command of Colonel Hardin, on the 19th and 22d days of October, encountered the enemy and suffered mortifying defeats.
42
HISTORY OF WAYNE COUNTY, OHIO.
Of course the campaign failed to give peace or relief from appre- hended barbarities.
The next year General St. Clair, the Governor of the territory, who had a Revolutionary record of patriotism and ability, organ- ized an expedition, whose strength somewhat exceeded that of General Harmar's. It met with a most disastrous defeat, Novem- ber 4, 1791, near the head waters of the Wabash, now in Mercer county, Ohio, the battle-field being known as Fort Recovery. Of fifteen hundred men in the battle more than half of them were either killed or wounded, and it was indeed a great calamity to the disheartened and greatly harrassed pioneers of the North-west Territory.
Immediately after the defeat of General St. Clair, the Federal Government took the preliminary steps to raise a large army to operate against the hostile tribes, for the purpose of finally and permanently subjugating them. Military preparations, however, progressed slowly, and the summer of 1794 had nearly passed before the confederated hostile Indian tribes were met in battle array by General Wayne's army. The battle was fought at the Maumee Rapids, near Perrysburg and Fort Meigs, in Wood county, Ohio, and is known as the battle of "Fallen Timbers," though sometimes called the "Battle of the Maumee." Wayne's army numbered more than three thousand men, well disciplined, and ably officered, sixteen hundred of whom being mounted vol- unteer troops from Kentucky, commanded by General Charles Scott, of said State, who was the second ranking officer in the army, and who, as well as General Henry Lee (the "Light Horse Harry" of the Revolution) and General William Darke, had been favorably considered by President Washington in connection with the chief command of the expedition. The choice, however, fell upon General Wayne, the old companion in arms of the President, and to him is justly ascribed the honor of defeating the Indian tribes commanded by the celebrated Shawnee chief, Blue Jacket, on the Maumee, August 20, 1794, and of permanently breaking the power of a very formidable Indian confederacy. Cessation of
43
THE NORTH-WESTERN TERRITORY.
hostilities followed this victory, and a peace, which the general Government had vainly sought by friendly negotiation, was secured-a peace which continued for many years, even until after the North-west Territory had "ceased to be," and the important incidents and events connected therewith had passed into history.
ORGANIZATION OF THE SECOND GRADE OF TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT.
The Governor having satisfactorily ascertained that the con- ditions existed entitling the Territory to the second grade of gov- ernment, that is, that there were "five thousand free male inhab- itants, of full age," within the Territory, he, on the 29th day of October, 1798, took the preliminary steps to effect that object, by issuing his proclamation, directing the qualified voters to hold elections for Territorial Representatives on the third Monday of December, 1798. The election was held in pursuance of said proclamation, which resulted in the following gentlemen being chosen to constitute the popular branch of the Territorial Legis- lature for the ensuing two years :
MEMBERS OF TERRITORIAL LEGISLATURE OF 1799-1800.
Return Jonathan Meigs, Washington county.
Paul Fearing. Washington county. William Goforth, Hamilton
William McMillan,
John Smith,
Charles F. Chabert de Joncaire, Wayne county. Joseph Darlinton, Adams county. Nathaniel Massie, ‹‹
John Ludlow,
Robert Benham,
James Pritchard, Jefferson Thomas Worthington, Ross
Aaron Caldwell, 66 66
Elias Langham, 66
Isaac Martin, 16
Shadrack Bond, St. Clair
Samuel Findlay,
John Small, Knox
Edward Tiffin, 66
The above named gentlemen met at Cincinnati on the 22d of January, 1799, and nominated ten men, whose names they for- warded to the United States Congress, five of whom were to be selected by that body to constitute the Legislative Council of the Territory. They then adjourned to meet on the 16th of Sep- tember, 1799.
-
1
1
1
John Edgar, Randolph county. Solomon Sibley, Wayne " Jacob Visgar,
1
44
HISTORY OF WAYNE COUNTY, OHIO.
On the 22d of March, 1799, either the United States Senate, the United States House of Representatives, or the President of the United States (authorities are not agreed), chose from among those whose names had been suggested to them the following gen- tlemen, to compose the first Legislative Council of the North-west Territory, their term of office to continue five years, any three of whom to form a quorum :
Jacob Burnet, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county.
Henry Vandenburg, of Vincennes, Knox county.
Robert Oliver, of Marietta, Washington county. James Findlay, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county.
David Vance, of Vanceville, Jefferson county.
The Ordinance of 1787 named Congress as the authority in whom was vested the right to select five from the list of ten per- sons to constitute the Territorial Council. But it will be borne in mind that said Ordinance was passed by a Congress that legislated in pursuance of the Articles of Confederation, while yet we had neither President nor United States Senate, hence authority was given to Congress to make the selection. But it is highly proba- ble that the aforesaid authority was subsequently transferred to the President, or to the Senate, or to them jointly.
FIRST COUNCIL AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Both the Council and House of Representatives met at Cincin- nati, September 16, 1799, and effected a permanent organization. The Council perfected its organization by the election of the fol- lowing officers :
President-Henry Vandenburg. Secretary-William C. Schenck. Door-keeper-George Howard. Sergeant-at- Arms -- Abraham Cary.
The House of Representatives completed its organization by electing, as its officers, the following gentlemen :
Speaker sf the House-Edward Tiffin. Clerk-John Riley. Door-keeper-Joshua Rowland. Sergeant-at- Arms-Abraham Cary.
45
THE NORTH-WESTERN TERRITORY.
Thirty bills were passed at the first session of the Territorial Legislature, but the Governor vetoed eleven of them. They also elected William H. Harrison, then Secretary of the Territory, a delegate to Congress, by a vote of eleven to ten that were cast for Arthur St. Clair, Jr., son of the Governor, then a promising young lawyer of Cincinnati, and who then held the office of Attorney General of the Territory. The first session of the Territorial Leg- islature was prorogued by the Governor, December 19, 1799, until the first Monday of November, 1800, at which time they reassem- bled and held the second session at Chillicothe, which, by an act of Congress of May 7, 1800, was made the seat of the Territorial Government until otherwise ordered by the Legislature. This, the second session of the Territorial Legislature, was of short dura- tion, continuing only until December 9, 1800.
On May 9, 1800, Congress passed an act establishing the In- diana Territory, with boundaries including the present States of Indiana and Illinois, and William H. Harrison, having accepted the office of Governor of said Territory, it devolved upon the Ter- ritorial Legislature, at its second session, not only to elect a dele- gate to fill the vacancy occasioned by his resignation, but also to elect a delegate to serve during the succeeding Congress. William McMillan, of Cincinnati, was elected to fill the vacancy, and Paul Fearing, of Marietta, was elected to serve from the 4th of March, 1801, to the 4th of March, 1803. They were both reputed to be men of ability.
By the organization of the Indiana Territory, the counties of St. Clair, Knox and Randolph were taken out of the jurisdiction of the North-west Territory, and with them, of course, Henry Vandenburg, of Knox county, President of the Council; also, Shadrack Bond, of St. Clair county ; John Small, of Knox county, and John Edgar, of Randolph county, members of the popular branch of the Legislature.
On the 23d of November, 1801, the third session of the Terri- torial Legislature was commenced at Chillicothe, pursuant to ad- journment. The time for which the members of the House of
46
HISTORY OF WAYNE COUNTY, OHIO.
Representatives were elected, having expired, and an election hav. ing been held, quite a number of new members appeared. The Council remained nearly as it was at the previous sessions, there being not more than two changes, perhaps only one, that of Solo- mon Sibley, of Detroit, Wayne county, who took the place of Henry Vandenburg; thrown into the new Territory. Robert Oli- ver, of Marietta, Washington county, was chosen President of the Council, in place of Henry Vandenburg.
The House of Representatives, at the third session of the Ter- ritorial Legislature, was composed of the following gentlemen :
Ephraim Cutler, of Washington county. William Rufus Putnam, 4
Moses Miller, of Hamilton county.
Francis Dunlavy,
Jeremiah Morrow,
John Ludlow,
John Smith,
Jacob White,
Daniel Reeder,
66
Joseph Darlington, of Adams county.
Nathaniel Massie,
Zenas Kimberly, of Jefferson county. John Milligan,
Thomas McCune,
Edward Tiffin, of Ross county. ·
Elias Langham,
Thomas Worthington, of Ross county.
Francois Joncaire Chabert, of Wayne county. George McDougal, of Wayne county. Jonathan Schieffelin,
Edward Paine, of Trumbull county.
The officers of the House during the third session were as fol- lows :
Speaker of the House-Edward Tiffin.
Clerk-John Reily.
Door-keeper-Edward Sherlock.
The third session of the Legislature continued from the 24th of November, 1801, until the 23d of January, 1802, when it ad- journed to meet at Cincinnati on the fourth Monday of November following, but that fourth session was never held, for reasons made obvious by subsequent events.
Congress, on the 30th of April, 1802, had passed an "act to enable the people of the eastern division of the Territory north- west of the River Ohio to form a constitution and State govern- ment, and for the admission of such State into the Union on an equal footing with the original States, and for other purposes." In pursuance of the aforesaid enactment, an election had been or- dered and held throughout the eastern portion of the Territory, and members of a Constitutional Convention chosen, who met at
47
THE NORTH-WESTERN TERRITORY.
Chillicothe on the first day of November, 1802, to perform the duty assigned them. When the time had arrived for commencing the fourth session, of the Territorial Legislature, the aforesaid Con- stitutional Convention was in session, and had evidently nearly completed its labors, as it adjourned on the 29th of said month. The members of the Legislature (eight of whom being also mem- bers of the Convention), therefore, seeing that a speedy termination of the Territorial government was inevitable, deemed it inexpedient and unnecessary to hold the proposed session.
The Territorial government was ended by the organization of the State government, March 3, 1803, pursuant to the provisions of a constitution formed at Chillicothe, November 29, 1802, by the following named gentlemen : Joseph Darlinton, Israel Donal- son and Thomas Kirker, of Adams county ; James Caldwell and Elijah Woods, of Belmont county ; Philip Gatch and James Sar- gent, of Clermont county ; Henry Abrams and Emanuel Carpen- ter, of Fairfield county ; John W. Browne, Charles Willing Byrd, Francis Dunlavy, William Goforth, John Kitchel, Jeremiah Mor- row, John Paul, John Reily, John Smith and John Wilson, of Ham- ilton county ; Rudolph Bair, George Humphrey, John Milligan, Nathan Updegraff and Bazaleel Wells, of Jefferson county ; Michael Baldwin, Edward Tiffin, James Grubb, Thomas Worthington and Nathaniel Massie, of Ross county ; David Abbot and Samuel Huntington, of Trumbull county ; Ephraim Cutler, Benjamin Ives Gilman, Rufus Putnam and John McIntire, of Washington county.
Joseph Darlinton, of Adams county; Francis Dunlavy, Jere- miah Morrow and John Smith, of Hamilton county ; John Milli- gan, of Jefferson county ; Edward Tiffin and Thomas Worthing- ton, of Ross county, and Ephraim Cutler, of Washington county, were the eight gentlemen of the last Territorial Legislature that were also elected members of the Constitutional Convention.
48
HISTORY OF WAYNE COUNTY, OHIO.
CHAPTER III.
ORIGINAL AND PRESENT WAYNE COUNTY.
VARIOUS attempts have been made by public writers at defin- ing the boundaries of the original Wayne county, but none of them have achieved historic accuracy or supplied a sufficiently definite description of its former vast territory. The difficulty with which we were met in obtaining this description, the sub- stratum, as it is, of all our work, can be more easily conjectured than expressed. For a time its parallel was presented in the riddle of the Sphinx. Our Œdipus, too, we suppose, had married his mother, ran mad and died. The county records were of no more use to us than that many slabs in the stables of the old Augean King. Their rich alluvial corners were explored, but without compensating effect. The "oldest inhabitant," in this instance, could not be utilized, and that pro-creative gentleman, made out of the mud of the deluge, and who knew more about Wayne county than any body else, including the Historical Society, made a confession, acknowledged he was quite mistaken, and dropped behind the curtain.
By patient search of the National and State records, generously assisted by Hon. R. M. Stimson, the State Librarian, aided by the former investigations, in this direction, of Hon. John P. Jeffries, with the helpful co-operation of Hon. Benj. Eason, we have been able to define the first, true, minute and only correct boundary of Wayne county that has been produced since its existence was an- nounced in August, 81 years ago.
Wayne county was established by proclamation of General Arthur St. Clair, who, when the North-western Territory was cre-
49
ORIGINAL AND PRESENT WAYNE COUNTY.
ated into a government, was chosen its Governor. He was ap- pointed in 1788, and continued to hold the office until Ohio was admitted into the Union as a State, in 1803.
The proclamation of the Governor for that purpose bears date August 15, 1796, and may be found on page 2,096 of the 3d vol. of Chase's Statutes. It was the sixth county formed in the North-western Territory, and the third in the territory composing the State of Ohio, Washington county being the first, and Hamil- ton county the second, the former embracing all of the territory east of the Scioto and Cuyahoga rivers, and the latter what is now South-western Ohio, which includes all the territory between the Big and Little Miami rivers, and extending north to what is known as the "Standing Stone Forks," on the first designated stream.
In the early defined boundaries of counties established in the North-western Territory the most accurate surveys were not made, and clearly defined boundaries of counties did not even enter into the laws. Our explorations of the records are sufficiently compre- hensive and reliable to clearly define original Wayne county. For that purpose we will commence at
THE MOUTH OF THE CUYAHOGA RIVER,
Where it empties into Lake Erie, at Cleveland, thence, following up that river, to the "Old Portage,"* now known as Akron, in Summit county, thence diverging from the Cuyahoga river in a southerly direction, across the summit to a point on the Tuscara- was river, near New Portage, in the same county ; thence follow- ing the Tuscarawas river through the county of Stark to the junc- tion of the Big Sandy and Tuscarawas, at the north line of Tuscarawas county, and there terminating the eastern original boun- dary of Wayne county ; thence in a south-western direction on
*A carrying-place from which goods were transferred on that river, about five miles across the country, to what is now known as "New Portage," in Coventry township, in Summit county, on the Tuscarawas river.
4
50
HISTORY OF WAYNE COUNTY, OHIO.
THE OLD GREENVILLE TREATY LINE,
On the county line between Stark and Tuscarawas, to the east line of Holmes county; thence across Holmes county to the north-east corner of Knox county; thence on the line between Knox and Ashland to the south-east corner of Richland county; thence on the line between Richland and Knox counties to the north-east corner of Pike township, Knox county ; thence across the townships of Pike, Berlin and Middlebury, in Knox county, to the east line of Morrow county; thence across Morrow county on the south line of the townships of Franklin, Gilead, and Carding- ton, in Morrow county, to the south-east corner of Marion county ; thence on the line between Morrow and Marion counties to the north-east corner of Waldo township, in Marion county ; thence on the line between Waldo and Richland townships, to the south- west corner of Richland township; thence across the townships of Waldo and Prospect, to the east line of Union county ; thence across Union county, on the south line of the townships of Jack- son and Washington, to the east line of Logan county ; thence across Bokescreek and Rushcreek townships to the south-east corner of McArthur township ; thence on the line between McAr- thur, Lake and Harrison townships, and thence across Washing- ton and Bloomfield townships, to the east line of Shelby county ; thence across Shelby county, between Jackson and Salem town- ships, and across the townships of Franklin, Turtle creek and McLean, to the present site of old Fort Loramie, in McLean town- ship, in Shelby county, this line terminating at the point of the beginning of the old Greenville Treaty line; * thence in a north- western direction from Fort Loramie, to the north-east corner of
* This treaty was consummated between General Wayne and the Indians August 3, 1795. In this instance the innocent white man met " the poor savage," and by some pardonable folly of superior knowledge, introduced a valuable march on the "scalp-lifter " by setting his compass, at the beginning of the survey, in the month of June, to bear upon the rising sun for a due east line. This triumph of engineering on the part of the pale face, made the line bear far north of a due east and west line, which gave him a large tract of the finest lands in the State of Ohio.
5I
ORIGINAL AND PRESENT WAYNE COUNTY.
Darke county ; thence continuing on the same bearing across section seven (7), of Jackson township, Auglaize county ; thence across the townships of Marion and Granville, to the south- east corner of Recovery township; thence on the south line of Recovery township to Fort Recovery, in Mercer county ; thence north, bearing to the west through Recovery town- ship, crossing the State line near the north-west corner of section seven (7), entering the State of Indiana in the county of Jay; thence continuing in the same direction through Ad- ams county, to Fort Wayne, in Allen county; thence west, bearing to the north, through the counties of Allen, Whit- ley, Kosciusko, Marshall, Stark, Porter, and Lake, in the State of Indiana, to the most southern point of Lake Michigan; thence around that lake northward through the counties of Cook and Lake, in the State of Illinois, striking the summit of the high- lands to the westward of the lake far enough to include the lands upon the streams emptying into Lake Michigan, crossing the State line between Illinois and Wisconsin, about twenty miles west of the lake shore; thence in a northerly direction through the counties of Kenosha, Racine, Waukesha and Ozoukee, near the western shore of Lake Michigan ; thence turning in a north- western direction, following the summit of the highlands which divides the waters flowing into the great lakes from those running into the Mississippi, through the counties of Sheboygan and Fon du Lac; thence in a western direction, crossing the south-east cor- ner of Green Lake county, through the northern part of Columbia county, near the site of old Fort Winnebago, to the south-east corner of Adams county ; thence in a northern direction, through Adams county, the western part of Waushaka county, the south- east corner of Portage county, the western part of Waupaca county, the western part of Shawanaw, along the western line of Oconto, following the dividing ridge to the State line between Wisconsin and Michigan; thence along the latter line to the line between Canada and the United States; thence along that boundary, through Lake Superior, Lake Huron, the River St.
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