USA > Ohio > Cuyahoga County > Cleveland > Knight & Parsons' business directory of the city of Cleveland, 1853 > Part 3
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About this time, however, the progressive spirit of this age of steam, began to exhibit manifestations in Cleveland; Railroads began to be talked about-how much they had done for other cities, and how much they would benefit Cleveland. People began to rub open their eyes, and confess that they had been asleep; and in view of the new territory which could be made tributary to Cleveland, and the extension of our business year, some even went so far as to whisper the conjecture to confidential friends, that our city might do something handsome in a business line yet. In effect, our great need of railroads, their precise adaptation to our wants, became apparent to all; and in 1845, the inhabitants of Cleveland voted to loan the credit of the city to the amount of $200,000, for the construction of a rail road which should connect Cleveland with Columbus and Cincinnati. This road was in due time built, and the cars ran over the entire track, and came into this city with flying banners, on the 23d of February, 1851. The city also voted to loan $100,000 to the Cleveland and Pittsburgh railroad, and forty miles of this impor- tant work were open for travel on the same day. Previous to this time, however, the secret had leaked out, that Cleveland was to be a great place, and the influx of men of talent and wealth from all parts of the country, as well as the important additions to the aggregate population shown by the annual census, indicated the faith had in the report.
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CITY OF CLEVELAND :
Since the completion of the C. C. & C. road, the passion of our people for rail roads, has grown with its indulgence; the C. & P. R. R., has been finished, the Lake Shore road-to which the city loaned also $100,000-has been constructed, giving us unbroken railroad connection with Buffalo, Boston and New York; the Toledo, Norwalk & Cleveland road-which will form the last link in a continuous chain, stretching from Cleveland to Chicago-has been brought to such a stage of progress, that a few days more will suffice for its completion.
The effect of the construction of these various rail road lines, all converging to Cleveland as a centre, upon her business and general prosperity, has been magical. The commercial transac- tions of every month, are far greater than formerly, and now we have twelve such months in every year. We have no longer an annual hybernation, but reckon time by the same almanac which serves as a guide to other civilized communities. Nor is it longer necessary, that the existence of a Clevelander should be extended thirty three per cent. beyond the common term, in order that he should have his share of life.
The travel through our city has become immense; the old lumbering stage-coaches have been so entirely driven from our thoroughifares, that they are already looked upon as objects of curiosity; and will, doubtless, soon be sought for, to grace the cabinets of the curious, and be given a place, side by side, with the Inquisitorial instruments of torture.
Our numerous and excellent hotels are constantly filled to over-flowing, and scarce one of all these arriving and departing crowds, that does not bear irrepressible testimony to the business and beauty of our city.
But 'tis not the natural or acquired charms of Cleveland, which appeal so strongly to the good taste of the observer; nor the activity and vigorous healthfulness of her commerce, which throngs her streets, loads her wharves, and crowds her harbor with fleets of vessels; nor the harmonious union of these com- monly considered incompatibles-that alone attract the attention, and challenge the admiration of the intelligent stranger, and
:
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PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE.
demand the notice of him who would describe her present, or narrate her past.
There are other elements of human character, than greed of gain, and love of the beautiful. These may be but selfish pas- sions, and are common traits of the demi-savage. Man's purely intellectual, and his moral nature, must be equally developed before he can take high rank in the scale of civilization. So, our city would be quite unworthy of the praise bestowed upon it, if it did not contain educational, religious, and benevolent institu- tions, in some degree corresponding with the advantages which have already been enumerated.
That commercial enterprise and refined taste are not the only characteristics of our population, is proved by the uniform good order prevalent in our community-the respectful and general obedience paid to law, both human and divine-the perfection to which the useful arts have attained among us-and the number and prosperity of our educational, religious, and benevolent organizations.
Our public schools are objects of honest pride to every good citizen ; they are sufficiently numerous, and their system of instruction most excellent. We may confidently anticipate that, should our city schools continue to receive the attention and support now bestowed upon them, and be conducted with as much wisdom in the future, as has been shown in their past manage- ment, they will stamp upon the rising .generation, a character for intelligence, which shall be as apparent, as the formative influence of the schools of Boston have been, on those who were there instructed.
Our University, which has secured a most beautiful and convenient location, has been established on a basis broad enough to satisfy the wants of society in this enlightened age. The University buildings are nearly finished, and should wisdom pre- side at the councils of its officers, the institution cannot fail to exert a most beneficial influence on the city and surrounding country.
Our Medical Colleges will compare well with any similar institutions in the country, in regard to the ability of instructors,
3
34
CITY OF CLEVELAND:
number of students, and commodiousness and convenience of their college buildings.
Our Marino Hospital would adorn any city in the world ;. that and our Orphan Asylum, speak well for the benevolence of our citizens; and yet our rapidly growing city now needs, and will soon imperatively demand, an extensive City Hospital and a House of Refuge, similar in character to that in Cincinnati.
The number and splendor of the churches in the city, are evidences that, at least the outward forms of religion, are not neglected among us; and the congregations which fill all places of worship on the Sabbath, show, by their attendance and attention, that, though led by the restless impulses of Yankee enterprise, far from the "land of steady habits," our people have not forgotten the lessons taught them by their God-fearing fathers.
Such are some of the incidents of our past history ; and such the more prominent features of our present. The future is shut out from all eyes, by an impenetrable veil ; and to some minds, any attempt to calculate its probabilities, will seem visionary and baseless; but, as "the child is father to the man," so the future will be but a larger growth, a fuller development of the present. So far from true is it that the events of the future are beyond the proper scope of human reason, that forethought is but another name for wisdom,
Justly to weigh the chances of the future, is the highest reach of human sagacity ; and some object yet un-won, is the only incentive to human effort. What is to be is then a proper subject for speculation, and a substantial basis for action.
Judging from the past history of Cleveland, and from a careful study of the influences which now affect her progress, we. may predict for her a degree of prosperity almost unparalleled. ..
By referring to the table of population, we find that the number of inhabitants in 1830, was 17,600; in 1851, 21,140; in 1842, 25,670, an increase of more than 20 per cent. per annum. Should the same rate of increase continue, our city would contain in 1860, more than 100,000 inhabitants. This estimate is. doubtless, too high, but it is difficult to say what causes can
1638725
PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE. 35
operate, in any degree, to check our onward progress. The cause of this recent rapid growth is evidently the opening of the various lines of railroad and plank road, converging to Cleveland as a centre. But will not this influence continue to act ? and with increased force ? We are but just beginning to feel the practical benefits of our increased railroad facilities. But two of our rail- road lines can be said to be in successful operation, and the business of these lines is constantly and rapidly increasing, and their stock becoming more valuable. Will not the other iron arms which Cleveland is throwing out far and wide, binding and rendering tributary, so large a space of new territory, be to her instruments of power and prosperity ? But it is said that the recent increase of population has been propsective of these ad- vantages ; that the business of the city hast not kept pace with the population. By reference to the facts and figures, however, we find the contrary to be emphatically true. The commerce of Cleveland by lake and canal -- our old avenues of trade -- has ang- mented, within two years past, at a rate fully equal to that of the populative increase, while all the business of our railroads, which was independent of the lake and canal, is clear gain.
The amount of produce received by the Ohio Canal during the years 1850, '51 and '52, exhibits an increase of fully 20 per cent. per annum. For instance: the amount of wheat received by canal in 1850, was 1,192.539 bushels; in 1851, 2,529,699; and the amount received in 1852, will be over 3,000,000. But the receipts of wheat vary greatly with the harvest of different years, so we will take that other great item of canal business- mineral coal-an item subject to no such variation. The num- ber of tons of coal brought to Cleveland by canal in 1850, was $2,379 ; in 1851, 103,233; in 1852, the number will exceed 140,000 tons. The number of arrivals in, and departures from our port, and the record of our harbor business, exhibits still greater advances on the amounts of former years. We have, then, abundant evidence, derived from different sources, that the busines, of the city is in a most healthful and flourishing state; and has in its increase, more than equalled the increments of population.
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36
CITY OF CLEVELAND:
There is another source of wealth and numbers, of which Cleveland has but just begun to avail herself, and yet one which is, perhaps, destined to exert as great an influence on her prosperity, as her unequaled commercial facilities-and that is manufactures. We have, it is true, on the two sides of the Cuyahoga, some in- dustrial establishments, which are quite creditable to us, but the capital employed in manufactures is small, when compared with the wants of the population (33,000) surrounding the place of its investment, and entirely disproportionate to the capabilities of this location for sustaining manufactures.
Cleveland has special qualifications for becoming a great man- ufacturing city; with her geographical position-her facilities for the transport of the raw material or the manufactured article -- her proximity to beds of excellent coal-her relations to the mineral region of Lake Superior-she can hardly fail to become celebra- ted for her manufactures, and her wealth and population greatly to be increased by them.
What, then, is to limit the progress of the Forest City ? IIer beautiful situation, her healthful air, her wide and handsome streets, her countless trees, and tasteful architecture, can never be taken from her. Her great commercial facilities, will only change to become greater. The agricultural resources of the country of which she is the market, are not yet half developed. Manufac- tures must lend their mighty aid for her advancement. What, then, shall retard or limit her prosperity ?
1
UNITED STATES.
PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.
TERM BEGAN. TERM ENDED.
1. George Washington, Va., April 30, 1789, March 3, 1797.
2. John Adams, Mass., March 4, 1797, March 3, 1801.
3. Thomas Jefferson, Va.,. March 4, 1801,. March 3, 1809.
4. James Madison, Va., March 4, 1809, March 3, 1817.
5. James Monroe, Va., March 4, 1817, March 3, 1825.
6. John Q. Adams, Mass., March 4, 1825, March 3, 1829.
7. Andrew Jackson, Tenn., March 4, 1829, March 3, 1837.
8. Martin Van Buren, N. Y. March 4, 1837, March 3, 1841.
9. William H. Harrison, Ohio, March 4, 1841, April 4, 1841.
10. John Tyler, Va., April 4, 1841, March 3, 1845.
11. James K. Polk, Tenn. March 4, 1845, March 3, 1349.
12. Zachary Taylor, La., March 4, 1849, July 9, 1850.
13. Millard Filmore, N. Y., July 9, 1850,
EXECUTIVE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. Millard Filmore, of New York, President, Salary $25,000
CABINET.
Edward Everett, of Mass., Secretary of State, 6,000
Thomas Corwin, of Ohio, Secretary of Treasury,- 6,000
Charles M. Conrad, of La., Secretary of War, 6,000
William 1. Graham, of N. C., Secretary of Navy, 6,000
A. H. H. Stuart, of Va., Secretary of the Interior 66 6.000
Nathan K. Hall, of N. Y., Postmaster General,. 6,000
J. J. Crittenden, of Ky., Attorney General,
6,000
38
CLEVELAND DIRECTORY.
JUDICIARY.
SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES.
Roger B. Tancy, of Md., Chief Justice, Salary, 85,000
John McLean, of Ohio, Associate Justice,
4,500
James M. Wayne, of Ga.,
4,500
John Catron, of Tenn.,
4,500
John McKinley, of Ky., 4,500
Peter V. Daniel, of Va.,
4,500
Samuel Nelson, of N. Y.,
S 4,500
Robert C. Grier, of Pa.,
4,500
Benj. R. Curtis, of Mass., 66 ‹‹
4,500
J. J. Critienden, of D. C., Attorney General,
6,000
Benjamin C. Howard, of Md .; Reporter, 1,300
William T. Carroll, of D. C., Clerk, Fees, &c. The Supreme Court is held in the City of Washington, and has one Session annually, commencing on the first Monday of December.
UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT.
The United States Circuit Court, for the District of Ohio, is held in Columbus on the third Tuesday in April and October.
John McLean, Presiding Justice.
HI. II. Leavitt,
Richard C. Parsons, Commissioner.
William Miner, Clerk. Samson Mason, Attorney.
Goshorn Jones, Marshall.
OFFICERS OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY.
Winfield Scott, Major General and General in Chief. John E. Wool, Brigadier General. David E. Twiggs,
Roger Jones, Brigadier General, Colonel and Adjutant General. Sylvester Churchill, Brig. Gen., Col. and Senior Inspec. Gen. of the Army. G. A. MeCall, Colonel and Inspector General. Thomas S. Jessup, Brigadier General and Quarter Master General. George Gibson, Colonel and Commissary General.
39
STATE OFFICERS.
Thomas Lawson, Colonel and Surgeon General.
Nathan Towson,
Colonel and Paymaster General.
Col. Joseph G. Totton, Chief Engineer.
Col. J. J. Albert,2 Chief Topographical Engineer.
Col. Henry K. Craig, Chief of Ordnance.
Brevet Major J. F. Lee, Judge Advocate.
STATE OF OHIO.
Reuben Wood, Governor, Salary, $1,200
William Medill, Lieut. Gov. and President Senate, 66
William Trevitt, Sect'y of State and Sup. Schools, 66 900
William D. Morgan, Auditor of State,
1,200
John G. Breslin, Treasurer of State, 66
1,000
George E. Pugh, Attorney General, 730
Asa G. Dimick, Warden of State Penitentiary, 66
1,000
Cyrus Scott, Adjutant General,
300
S. W. Andrews, Quartermaster General,
200
Thomas Powell, Paymaster General,
E. Hayward, Librarian of the State Library, 66 600
COMMISSIONERS OF THE BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS.
A. P. Miller, Salary, $1,000
J. B. Steedman, 1,000
G. W. Manypenny, ( acting Commissioner of Canal Fund, ) 1,000
JUDICIARY.
THE SUPREME COURT.
This Court consists of five Judges, chosen by the electors of the State. A majority of these Judges is necessary to form a quorum, or to pro- nounce a decision.
This Court has original jurisdiction in qun warranto, mandumus, habeas corpus, and such appellate jurisdiction as may be provided by
40
CLEVELAND DIRECTORY.
law. It holds one term annually, on the first Monday in January, in the City of Columbus.
William B. Caldwell, Judge,
Salary, $1,300
Thomas W. Bartley, € 6
1,300
John A. Corwin,
1,300
Allen G. Thurman,
1,300
Rufus P. Ranney,
1,300
Lewis Heyl, Clerk,
William Lawrence, Reporter,
300
DISTRICT COURT.
This Court is composed of one Judge of the Supreme Court and the three Judges of the Judicial District, and, for the District of Cuyahoga, holds one term annually, commencing on the 13th of September, in the city of Cleveland.
Samuel Starkweather, Judge.
Samuel Humphreyville,
66
B. Otis,
James D. Cleveland, Clerk.
COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.
The Court of Common Pleas holds three Sessions annually, commenc- ing on the 10th of March, the 16th of June and the 6th of October.
The Judge of this Court may hold extra Sessions when it is necessary, for the trial of criminal cases only.
Samuel Starkweather, Judge.
Samuel Adams, Prosecuting Atterney.
James D. Cleveland, Clerk.
Roland D. Noble, Deputy
George Bingham,
Seth A. Abby, Sheriff. Henry G. Abby, Deputy
John S. Stephenson,
SUPERIOR COURT OF CLEVELAND.
This Court holds four Sessions annually, commencing on the 1st Mondays in February, May, August and November.
Sherlock J. Andrews, Judge.
Clerk.
George A. Benedict.
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COUNTY AND CITY OFFICERS.
PROBATE COURT.
This Court has exclusive jurisdiction in the appointment of adminis- trators and guardians, and the settlement of their accounts.
The proof of wills, appointment of executors and the issuing of mar- riage licenses, and to license ministers to marry, and concurrent jurisdic- tion with the Court of Common Pleas in the sale of land on petition by executors, administrators and guardians. The assignment of dower in cases of sale, and the completion of real contracts in petition of ex- ecutors and administrators.
Flavel W. Bingham,
Probate Judge.
Harvey P. Platt,
Deputy Clerk.
COUNTY OFFICERS.
Treasurer, George C. Dodge. { Auditor, Albert Clark.
Recorder, Lee Lord. { Surveyor, J. C. Saxton.
Commissioners,
John Welsh, Diodate Clark, Jason Bradley.
CLEVELAND. .
MAYORS OF THE CITY OF CLEVELAND.
John W. Willey, 1836-7 Samuel Starkweather, 1844-5
Joshua Mills,
1838-9
George Hoadley,
1846
N. Dockstader, 1840
J. A. Harris,
1847
John W. Allen,
1841
Joshua Mills, 1842
Nelson Hayward, 1843
Wm. Case,
1850-1
CHARTER OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1852.
MAYOR .- Abner C. Brownwell.
ALDERMEN.
1st Ward, J. B. Wigman. : 3d Ward, B. L. Spangler.
2d L. M. Hubby. { 4th " B. Stedman.
COUNCILMEN.
1st Ward, Henry Morgan, A. Merchant. 211 Wm. II. Sholl, R. B. Bailey.
3d
S. Bliss, J. B. Smith.
4th
A. N. Gray, H. Howe.
Lorenzo A. Kelsey,
1848
F. W. Bingham,.
1849
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CLEVELAND DIRECTORY.
CITY COUNCIL.
President of Council, L. M. Hubby.
STANDING COMMITTEE.
Finance,.
Messrs. Hubby, Spangler, Bliss.
Claims,
Spangler, Baily, Morgan.
Judiciary
Gray, Smith, Spangler, Morgan, Gray, Hubby,
Streets,
Schools,
Stedman, Merchant, Sholl.
Fire and Water,
. Merchant, Sholl, Smith. Bliss, Hubby, Howe.
Public Grounds,
Night Watch,
Wigman, Bliss, Bailey.
Markets,
Smith, Stedman, Wigman. Howe, Morgan, Merchant.
Rail Roads,
66 Bailey, Wigman, Gray. Sholl, Howe, Stedman. David Schuh.
Sealer of Weights and Measures,
Treasurer, William Hart.
Street Supervisor, Lewis Dibble.
Clerk, J. B. Barilett.
Harbor Master, Paul Chase.
Marshal, James Lawrence.
Market-Clerk, Lambert White.
Attorney, John C. Grannis.
City Sexton, James A. Craw.
City Printer, J. W. Gray.
Weigher of Hay, _Oscar F. Welch.
JUSTICES OF THE PEACE.
John Barr, Office Merchants Exchange.
E. Hessenmueller,
No. 24, Water street.
George B. Tibbitts,
Exchange Buildings.
Erastus Smith,
Exchange Buildings.
CONSTABLES.
Thomas Mckinstry, . Residence Bolivar street.
Michael Gallagher, Commercial House.
Barney Mooney,
Hickox Alley.
OFFICERS OF THE FIRE DEPAR T.
Chief Engineer, J. W. Fitch. First Assistant, William Delany. Second Assistant, J. A. Bennett.
Gass Lights,
Wharves,
48
FIREMEN'S BOARD.
President, Wm. Cowan.
Secretary;
D. E. Field.
Treasurer, James Barnett.
Eagle Company, No. 1, Robert M. Keon, H. Leet.
John Bishop, - Scheever.
Saratoga Company, No. 3,
Forest City Company, No. 2,
Henry Fite, A. N. Alderman.
Phoenix Company, No. 4,
John Aplin, C. F. Lender.
Cataract Company, No. 5, H. W. Clark, Ed. C. Rouse.
Red Jacket Company, No. 6, C. C. Rodgers, Wm. Marshall.
Forest City H. & L., No. 1, James Bennett, R. C. Parks.
EAGLE FIRE COMPANY, No. 1.
Foreman, Horace Leet. ¡ Treasurer, B. A. Standart. Assistant Foreman, . . Henry New. ; Marshal, Robert Lycett.
Secretary, George B. Cox. Steward, James Purdy.
FOREST CITY FIRE COMPANY, No. 8.
Foreman, Peter Kooper.
Treasurer, Bishop.
Assistant Foreman, .. John Bishop.
Marshal, John Gering.
Secretary, George Auer.
Steward, Agricola. SARATOGA FIRE COMPANY, No. 3.
Foreman, Wm. H. Ney.
Treasurer, John Polls.
Assistant Foreman, .. Wm. Stump. Marshal, N. Hoffman.
Secretary, A. N. Alderman.
Steward,
Jacob Hernbeck.
PHOENIX FIRE COMPANY, No. 4.
Foreman, - Wm. F. Simmons. ¿
Treasurer, Ed. Hart.
Assistant Foreman, .. W. H. Potts. { Marshal, A. Fredricks.
Secretary, W. J. Dockstader.
{ Steward, R. C. Potts.
CATARACT FIRE COMPANY, No. 5.
Foreman, James Stacy. i Treasurer, Ed. C. Rouse.
Assistant Forem., J. S. Stephenson. } Marshal, Amos Tilebien.
Secretary, John F. Weiss.
Steward, Jacob Steeg.
RED JACKET COMPANY, No. 6.
Foreman, A: Merchant.
Treasurer, T. C. Cain.
Assistant Foreman, .. Jas. Mooney. Marshal, Wm. Cain.
Secretary,
J. Buel. { Steward,
Wm. Campbell.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
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CLEVELAND DIRECTORY.
FOREST CITY H. & L. COMPANY, No. 1.
Foreman, James Bennett. { Treasurer, T. W.alton. Assistant Foreman, . Wm. Haight. { Marshal, C. Merrill. Secretary, J. Harbeck.
MILITARY.
CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY.
This company of Light Artillery was first organized in the fall of 1839, and has been steadily progressing in drill and discipline ever since. It is now considered to be the best drilled company in the United States ; and, for neatness and general appearance of uniform, not surpassed by any company.
They have two brass six-pounders, with caissons complete ; and when on public days they make their appearance in company with the Ohio City and Brooklyn Light Artillery, making a complete battery of six pieces, with 75 horses and 96 men, they make a show that the city may well be proud of.
The Cleveland Light Artillery have, during the past year, erected a large Armory on Ohio, west of Pittsburgh street, where they hold their meetings and keep their arms.
They attended an encampment at Niagara Falls during the last summer, at which they received great credit from all present for their superior skill in military tactics.
The following is a list of the Officers and Members of the Company : Captain, - D. L. Wood.
4th Sergeant, C. F. Bradburn. 1st Lieut. T. S. Paddock. 2d Wm. H. Sholl.
Surgeon, - Dr. Sterling.
Commissary, H. Bingham. Ist Sergeant, Henry Hayward. 2d John Walworth. Assistant Com .__ M. C. Whitemore Clerk J. Barnet. 3d T. N. Bond.
PRIVATES.
S. Bliss, W. E. Lawrence, Wm. Cowan, Wm. R. Simmons, Wm. H. Botts, John McOmber, R. Crawford, S. Race, J. S. Andrews, H. Burwell, W. L. Miller, Charles J. Leonard, J. T. Strong, James R. Haskell, J. W. Ensworth, R. C. Harmon, Percy Rice, Charles Patrick, H. L. Noble, D. B. Beebe, Wm. Walworth, W. J. Dockstader, John Coon, - Lyon.
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PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
CLEVELAND BATTALION. 1ST BRIGADE-9TH DIVISION.
Lieut. Col. John G. Mack.
Paymaster,
Henry Helling.
Major,
Charles F. Lender.
1st Sergeant,
Philip Roeder.
Adjutant,
Jacob Weidenkopf.
2d
David Orth.
Quarter Master, _ ._ F. Weidenkopf.
Chaplain,
David Schuh.
GERMAN CITY GUARDS.
Captain, Fred. Weidenkopf.
Ond Lieut. Christopher Demer.
1st Lieut.
John Schrink.
₹ 3rd
Philip Osmus.
HIBERNIAN GUARDS.
Captain, William Kinney. 2nd Lieut. James Barney.
1st Lieut. T. Harney. 3rd « Michael Gallagher.
CLEVELAND
YAGERS.
Captain, Lewis Heckman. 2nd Lieut. Francis Bennett.
1st Lieut Ch. Schornderfer. 3rd Henry Beilstein.
SCHOOLS.
BOARD OF SCHOOL MANAGERS.
James Fitch, Acting Manager.
George Willey, T. P. Handy,
WV. D. Beattie, C. Bradburn. CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL, EUCLID STREET.
Mr. Andrew Freese, A.M. Principal. Assistant.
Miss Johnson,
SENIOR SCHOOLS.
Prospect street, Mr. Oviatt, Miss Gilbert. Kinsman street, Mrs. Hemenway, Miss Featherstone.
Champlain, street, Mr. Lawrence, Miss Storrs.
Rockwell street,
Mr. Humiston, Miss Merrill.
St. Clair street, Mr. Church, Miss Whitman. Third Ward, Mr. Fry, Miss Fisk.
Fourth Ward, Mr. White, Miss Hickox.
PRIMARY AND INTERMEDIATE SCHOOLS.
Prospect street, Miss De Wolf, Miss Corlett. Kinsman street, Miss Oviatt. Champlain street, Miss Hamm, Miss Prichard. Rockwell street, __ Miss Snow, Miss Meech, Miss Humiston, Miss White.
.A .-
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CLEVELAND DIRECTORY.
St. Clair street Miss Tillotson, Miss Haver, Miss Rearden.
Third Ward, Miss Stow, Miss Turner, Miss Hall, Miss Beche.
Clinton street, Miss Duffey, Miss Doolittle, Miss Rust, Miss Mills.
Mayflower street, Miss Basset, Miss Platt.
Teacher of Penmanship, E. G. Folsom.
Teacher of Drawing, Jehu Brainerd.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The Public Schools of the city are divided into Primary, Interme- diato and Grammar Schools, and one High School, in each of which a systematic and consecutive course of study is prescribed. These Schools are open to all youth between the ages of six and twenty-one. Generally speaking, the Primary Schools are intended for children from six to eight years of age; the Intermediate for those who are from eight to ten ; the Grammar Schools for those over ten; and the High School for those over twelve, who wish to commence the study of some higher branches, and who are found, on examination, qualified to enter upon the course prescribed for this School. The period of time spent, however, in each grade of Schools, depends more upon scholar- ship than age.
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