USA > Ohio > Allen County > Cairo > On the storied Ohio : an historical pilgrimage of a thousand miles in a skiff, from Redstone to Cairo > Part 12
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NEAR TROY, IND., Friday, June Ist .- Be- low Alton, the hills are not so high as above. We have, however, the same thoroughly rustic landscape, the same small farms on the bot- toms and wretched cabins on the slopes, the same frontier-like clearings thick with stumps, the same shabby little villages, and frequent ox-bow windings of the generous stream, with lovely vistas unfolding and dissolving with pano- ramic regularity. It is not a region where house- boaters flourish-there is but one every ten miles or so; as for steamboats, we see on an average one a day, while two or three usually pass us in the night.
A dry, unpainted little place is Alton, Ind., with three down-at-the-heel shops, a tavern, a saloon, and a few dwellings; there was no
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On the Storied Ohio
bread obtainable here, for love or money, and we were fain to be content with a bag of crackers from the postoffice grocery. The promised photographer, who appears to be a rapid traveler, was said to have gone on to Concordia, eight miles below.
Deep Water Landing, Ind. (676 miles), is a short row of new, whitewashed houses, with a great board sign displaying the name of the hamlet, doubtless to attract the attention of pilots. A rude little show-case, nailed up beside the door of the house at the head of the landing-path, contains tempting samples of crockery and tinware. Apparently some en- terprising soul is trying to grow a town here, on this narrow ledge of clay, with his landing and his shop as a nucleus. But it is an unlikely spot, and I doubt if his "boom" will develop to the corner-lot stage.
Rono, Ind., a mile below, with its limewashed buildings set in a bower of trees, at the base of a bald bluff, is a rather pretty study in gray and green and white. The most notable fea- ture is a little school-house-like Masonic hall set high on a stone foundation, with a steep outer stairway-which gives one an impression that Rono is a victim of floods, and that the
A FAMILIAR scene upon the river. Bulky freight, such as coal, timber, ties, stone, and brick, is thus moved much more cheaply than by rail.
Photograph by Frank A. Gregory
MARKETING RAILWAY TIES
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A Logging Town
brethren occasionally come in boats to lodge- meetings.
Concordia, Ky. (681 miles), rests on the summit of a steep clay bank, from which men were loading a barge with bark. Great piles of blocks, for staves, ornamented the crest of the rise-a considerable industry for these parts, we were told. But the photographer, whom we were chasing, had "taken" every Concordian who wished his services, and moved on to Derby, another Kentucky village, which at last we found, six miles farther down the river.
The principal occupation of the people of Derby is getting out timber from the hillside forests, six to ten miles in the interior. Oak, elm, and sycamore railway-ties are the spe- cialty, these being worth twenty cents each when landed upon the wharf. A few months ago, Derby was completely destroyed by fire, but, although the timber business is on the wane here, much of the place was rebuilt on the old foundations; hence the fresh, unpainted buildings, with battlement fronts, which, with the prevalence of open-door saloons and a woodsy swagger on the part of the inhabitants,
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On the Storied Ohio
give the place a breezy, frontier aspect now seldom to be met with this side of the Rockies.
Here at last was the traveling photographer. His tent, flapping loudly in the wind, occupied an empty lot in the heart of the village-a saloon on either side, and a lumberman's boarding house across the way, where the "artist" was at dinner, pending which I waited for him at the door of his canvas gallery. He evidently seeks to magnify his calling, does this raw youth of the camera, by affecting what he conceives to be the traditional garb of the artistic Bohemian, but which resembles more closely the costume of the minstrel stage-a battered silk hat, surmounting flow- ing locks glistening with hair-oil; a loose vel- veteen jacket, over a gay figured vest; and a great brass watch-chain, from which dangle silver coins. As this grotesque dandy, evi- dently not long from his native village, came mincing across the road in patent-leather slip- pers, smoking a cigarette, with one thumb in an arm-hole of his vest, and the other hand twirling an incipient mustache, he was plainly conscious of creating something of a swell in Derby.
It was a crazy little dark-room to which I
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A Traveling Photographer
was shown-a portable affair, much like a coffin-case, which I expected momentarily to upset as I stood within, and be smothered in a cloud of ill-smelling chemicals. However, with care I finally emerged without accident, and sufficiently compensated the artist, who seemed not over-favorable to amateur compe- tition, although he chatted freely enough about his business. It generally took him ten days, he said, to "finish" a town of five or six hun- dred inhabitants, like Derby. He traveled on steamers with his tenting outfit, but next sea- son hoped to have money enough to "do the thing in style," in a houseboat of his own, an establishment which would cost say four hun- dred dollars; then, in the winter, he could beach himself at some fair-sized town, and perhaps make his board by running a local gallery, taking to the water again on the ear- liest spring "fresh." "I could live like a fight'n' cock then, cap'n, yew jist bet yer bot- tom dollar!"
The temperature mounted with the prog- ress of the day; and, the wind dying down, the atmosphere was oppressive. By the time Stephensport, Ky. (695 miles), was reached, in the middle of the afternoon, the sun was
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On the Storied Ohio
beating fiercely upon the glassy flood, and our awning came again into play, although it could not save us from the annoyance of the reflection. The barren clay bank at the mouth of Sinking Creek, upon which lies Stephens- port, seemed fairly ablaze with heat, as I went up into the straggling hamlet to seek for sup- plies. There were no eggs to be had here; but, at last, milk was found in the farther end of the village, at a modest little cottage quite embowered in roses, with two century plants in tubs in the back-yard, and a trim fruit and vegetable garden to the rear of that, enclosed
in palings. I remained a few minutes to chat with the little housewife, who knows her roses well, and is versed in the gentle art of horti- culture. But her horizon is painfully nar- row-first and dearest, the plants about her, which is not so bad; in a larger way, Stephens- port and its petty affairs; but beyond that very little, and that little vague.
It is ever thus, in such far-away, side-tracked villages as this-the world lies in the basin of the hills which these people see from their doors; if they have something to love and do for, as this good woman has in her bushes, seeds, and bulbs, then may they dwell happily in
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An Unwelcome Caller
rustic obscurity; but where, as is more com- mon, the small-beer of neighborhood gossip is their meat and drink, there are no folk on the footstool more wretched than the denizens of a dead little hamlet like Stephensport.
We are housed this night on the Kentucky side, a mile-and-a-half above Cloverport, whose half-dozen lights are glimmering in the stream. In the gloaming, while dinner was being prepared, a ragged but sturdy wanderer came into camp. He was, he said, a moun- taineer looking for work on the bottom farms; heretofore he had, when he wanted it, always found it; but this season no one appeared to have any money to expend for labor, and it seemed likely he would be obliged to return home without receiving an offer. We made the stranger no offer of a seat at our humble board, having no desire that he pass the night
in our neighborhood; for darkness was com- ing on apace, and, if he long tarried, the woodland road would be as black as a pocket before he could reach Cloverport, his alleged destination. So starting him off with a bis- cuit or two, he was soon on his way toward the village, whistling a lively tune.
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On the Storied Ohio
CROOKED CREEK, IND., Saturday, 2d. - We had but fairly got to bed last night, after our late dinner, when the heavens suddenly dark- ened, fierce gusts of wind shook the tent vio- lently, and then rain fell in blinding sheets. For a time it was lively work for the Doctor and me, tightening guy-ropes and ditching in the soft sand, for we were in an exposed position, catching the full force of the storm. At last, everything secured, we in serenity slept it out, awakening to find a beautiful morning, the grape-perfumed air as clear as crystal, the outlines of woods and hills and streams standing out with sharp definition, and over all a hushed charm most soothing to the spirit.
Cloverport (705 miles) is a typical Kentucky town, of somewhat less than four thousand inhabitants. The wharf-boat, which runs up and down an iron tramway, according to the height of the flood, was swarming with negroes, watching with keen delight the departure of the "E. D. Rogan," as she noisily backed out into the river and scattered the crowd with great showers of spray from her gigantic stern- wheel. It was a busy scene on board-negro roustabouts shipping the gang-plank, and sing-
24I
Picaninnies
ing in a low pitch an old-time plantation mel- ody; stokers, stripped to the waist, shoveling coal into the gaping furnaces; chambermaids hanging the ship's linen out to dry; passengers crowded by the shore rail, on the main deck; the bustling mate shouting orders, apparently for the benefit of landsmen, for no one on board appeared to heed him; and high up, in front of the pilot-house, the spruce captain, in gold-laced cap, and glass in hand, as im- movable as the Sphinx.
At the head of the slope were a picturesque medley of colored folk, of true Southern plan- tation types, so seldom seen north of Dixie. Two wee picaninnies, drawn in an express cart by a half-dozen other sable elfs, attracted our attention, as W- and I went up-town for our day's marketing. We stopped to take a snap-shot at them, to the intense satisfac- tion of the little kink-haired mother of the twins, who, barring her blue calico gown, looked as though she might have stepped out of a Zulu group.
Cloverport has brick-works, gas wells, a flouring-mill, and other industries. The streets are unkempt, as in most Kentucky towns, and mules attached to crazy little carts are the 16
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On the Storied Ohio
chief beasts of burden; but the shops are well- stocked; there were many farmers in town, on horse and mule back, doing their Saturday shopping; and an air of business confidence prevails.
In this district, coal-mines again appear, with their riverside tipples, and their offal de- filing the banks. In general, these reaches have many of the aspects of the Monongahela, although the hills are lower, and mining is on a smaller scale. Cannelton, Ind. (717 miles), is the headquarters of the American Cannel Coal Co .; there are, also, woolen and cotton mills, sewer-pipe factories, and potteries. W- and I went up into the town, on an er- rand for supplies, -we distribute our small patronage, for the sake of frequently going ashore,-and were interested in noting the cheery tone of the business men, who reported that the financial depression, noticeable else- where in the Ohio Valley, has practically been unfelt here. Hawesville, Ky., just across the river, has a similarly prosperous look, but we did not row across to inspect it at close range. Tell City, Ind., three miles below, is another flourishing factory town, whose wharf-boat was the scene of much bustle. Four miles
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Walls of Clay
still lower down lies the sleepy little Indiana village of Troy, which appears to have profited nothing from having lively neighbors.
From the neighborhood of Derby, the en- vironing hills had, as we proceeded, been less- ening in height, although still ruggedly beauti- ful. A mile or two below Troy, both ranges suddenly roll back into the interior, leaving broad bottoms on either hand, occasionally edged with high clay banks, through which the river has cut its devious way. Elsewhere, these bottoms slope gently to the beach and every- where are cultivated with such care that often no room is left for the willow fringe, which heretofore has been an ever-present feature of the landscape. Hereafter, to the mouth, we shall for the most part row between parallel walls of clay, with here and there a bankside ledge of rock and shale, and now and then a cragged spur running out to meet the river. We have now entered the great corn and tobacco belt of the Lower Ohio, the region of annual overflow, where the towns seek the highlands, and the bottom farmers erect their few crude buildings on posts, prepared in case of exceptional flood to take to boats.
The prevalent eagerness on the part of
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On the Storied Ohio
farmers to obtain the utmost from their land made it difficult, this evening, to find a proper camping-place. We finally found a narrow triangle of clay terrace, in Indiana, at the mouth of Crooked Creek (727 miles), where not long since had tarried a houseboater en- gaged in making rustic furniture. It is a pretty little bit, in a group of big willows and syca- mores, and would be comfortable but for the sand-flies, which for the first time give us an- noyance. The creek itself, some four rods wide, and overhung with stately trees, winds gracefully through the rich bottom; we have found it a charming water to explore, being able to proceed for nearly a mile through lovely little wide-spreads abounding in lilies and sweet with the odor of grape-blossoms.
Across the river, at Emmerick's Landing, - a little cluster of unpainted cabins, -lies the white barge of a photographer, just such a home as the Derby artist covets. The Ohio is here about half-a-mile wide, but high-pitched voices of people on the opposite bank are plainly heard across the smooth sounding-board; and in the quiet evening air comes to us the "chuck- chuck" of oars nearly a mile away. Following a torrid afternoon, with exasperating head-
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Nearing the End
winds, this cool, fresh atmosphere, in the long twilight, is inspiring. Overhead is the slender streak of the moon's first quarter, its reflection shimmering in the broad and placid stream rushing noiselessly by us to the sea. In bliss- ful content we sit upon the bank, and drink in the glories of the night. The days of our pilgrimage are nearing their end, but our en- thusiasm for this al fresco life is in no measure abating. That we might ever thus dream and drift upon the river of life, far from the labored strivings of the world, is our secret wish, to- night.
We had long been sitting thus, having silent communion with our thoughts, when the Boy, his little head resting on W-'s shoulder, broke the spell by murmuring from the fullness of his heart, "Mother, why can- not we keep on doing this, always?"
YELLOWBANK ISLAND, Sunday, June 3d .- Pilgrim still attracts more attention than her passengers. When we stop at the village wharfs, or grate our keel upon some rustic landing, it is not long before the Doctor, who now always remains with the boat, no matter who goes ashore, is surrounded by an admir-
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On the Storied Ohio
ing group, who rap Pilgrim on the ribs, try to lift her by the bow, and study her graceful lines with the air of connoisseurs. Barefooted men fishing on the shores, in broad straw hats and blue jeans, invariably "pass the time o' day" with us as we glide by, crying out as a parting salute, "Ye've a honey skiff, thar!" or, "Right smart skiff, thet yere!"
We have many long, dreary reaches to-day. Clay banks twelve to twenty feet in height, and growing taller as the water recedes, rise sheer on either side. Fringing the top of each is often a row of locusts, whose roots in a feeble way hold the soil; but the river cuts in at the base, wherever the changing current impinges on the shore, and at low water great slices, with a gurgling splash, fall into the stream, which now is of the color of dull gold, from the clay held in solution. Often may be seen upon the brink ruins of buildings that have collapsed from this undercut of the fickle flood; and many others, still inhabited, are in dangerous proximity to the edge, only biding their time.
This morning, we passed the Indiana ham- lets of Lewisport (731 miles) and Grand View (736 miles), and by noon were at Rockport
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Paddle-Wheel Skiffs
(741 miles), a smart little city of three thou- sand souls, romantically perched upon a great rock, which on the right bank rises abruptly from the wide expanse of bottom. From the river, there is little to be seen of Rockport save two wharves, -one above, the other be- low, the bold cliff which springs sheer for a hundred feet above the stream,-two angling roads leading up into the town, a house or two on the edge of the hill, and a huge water- tower crowning all.
A few miles below, we ran through a nar- row channel, a few rods wide, separating an elongated island from the Indiana shore. It much resembles the small tributary streams, with a lush undergrowth of weeds down to the water's edge, and arched with monster syca- mores, elms, maples, and persimmons. Fre- quently had we seen skiffs upon the shore, arranged with stern paddle-wheels, turned by levers operated by men standing or sitting in the boat. But we had seen none in operation until, shooting down this side channel, we met such a craft coming up, manned by two fellows who seemed to be having a treadmill task of it; they assured us, however, that when a man was used to manipulating the
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On the Storied Ohio
levers he found it easier than rowing, espe- cially in ascending stream.
Yellowbank Island, our camp to-night, lies nearest the Indiana shore, with Owensboro, Ky. (749 miles), just across the way. We have had no more beautiful home on our long pilgrimage than this sandy islet, heavily grown to stately willows. While the others were preparing dinner, I pulled across the rapid current to an Indiana ferry-landing, where there is a row of mean frame cabins, like the negro quarters of a Southern farm, all elevated on posts some four feet above the level. A half-dozen families live there, all of them small tenant farmers, save the ferryman-a strapping, good-natured fellow, who appears to be the nabob of the community.
Several hollow sycamore stumps house sows and their litters; but the only cow in the neighborhood is owned by a young man who, when I came up, was watering some refrac- tory mules at a pump-trough. He paused long enough to summon Boss and milk a half-gallon into my pail, accepting my dime with a degree of thankfulness which was quite unnecessary, considering that it was quid pro quo. Tobacco is a more important crop than
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The Ferryman's Daughter
corn hereabout, he said; farmers are rather impatiently waiting for rain, to set out the young plants. His only outbuilding is a mon- ster corn-crib, set high on posts-the airy basement, no better than an open shed, serv- ing for a stable; during the few weeks of severe winter weather, horses and cow are removed to the main floor, and canvas nailed around the sides to keep out the wind. Even this slight protection is not given to stock by all planters; the majority of them appear to provide only rain shelters, and even these can be of slight avail in a driving storm. .
Later, in the failing light, W- and I to- gether pulled over to the " cracker " settlement, seeking drinking-water. A stout young man was seated on the end of the ferry barge, talking earnestly with the ferryman's daughter, a not unattractive girl, but pale and thin, as these women are apt to be. Evidently they are lovers, and not ashamed of it, for they gave us a friendly smile as we knotted our painter to the barge-rail, and expressed great interest in Pilgrim, she being of a pattern new to them.
We are in a noisy corner of the world. Over on the Indiana bottom, a squeaky fiddle is
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On the Storied Ohio
grinding out dance-tunes, hymns, and ballads with charming indifference. We thought we detected in a high-pitched "Annie Laurie', the voice of the ferryman's daughter. There seems, too, to be a deal of rowing on the river, evidently Owensboro folk getting back to town from a day in the country, and coun- try folk hieing home after a day in the city. The ferryman is in much demand, judging from the frequent ringing of his bell,-one on either bank, set between two tall posts, with a rope dangling from the arm. At early dusk, the cracked bell of the Owensboro Bethel re- sounded harshly in our ears, as it advertised an evening service for the floating population; and now the wheezy strains of a melodeon tell us that, although we stayed away, doubt- less others have been attracted thither. The sepulchral roars of passing steamers echo along the wooded shore, the night wind rustles the tree-tops, Owensboro dogs are much awake, and the electric lamps of the city throw upon our canvas screen the fantastic shadows of leaves and dancing boughs.
CHAPTER XIX.
FISHERMEN'S TALES-SKIFF NOMENCLATURE- GREEN RIVER - EVANSVILLE - HENDER- SON-AUDUBON AND RAFINESQUE-FLOAT- ING TRADE-THE WABASH.
GREEN RIVER TOWHEAD, Monday, June 4th .- We were shopping in Owensboro, this morning, soon after seven o'clock. The busi- ness quarter was just stirring into life; and the negroes who were lounging about on every hand were still drowsy, as if they had passed the night there, and were reluctant to be up and doing. There is a pretty court-house in a green park, the streets are well paved, and the shops clean and bright, with their wares mostly under the awnings on the sidewalk, for people appear to live much out of doors here- and well they may, with the temperature 73ยบ at this early hour, and every promise of a scorching day.
I wonder if a fisherman could, if he tried, be exact in his statements. One of them, below Owensboro, who kept us company for
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On the Storied Ohio
a mile or two down stream, declared that at this stage of the water he made forty and fifty dollars a week, "'n' I reck'n I ote to be con- tint." A few miles farther on, another com- plained that when the river was falling, the water was so muddy the fish would not bite; and even in the best of seasons, a fisherman had " a hard pull uv it; hit ain't no business fer a decent man !" The other day, when the river was rising, a Cincinnati follower of the apostle's calling averred that there was no use fishing when the water was coming up. As the variable Ohio is like the ocean tide, ever rising or falling, it would seem that the thou- sands in this valley who make fishing their livelihood must be playing a losing game.
There are many beautiful islands on these lower reaches of the river. We followed the narrow channel between Little Hurricane and the Kentucky shore, a charming run of two or three miles, with both banks a dense tangle of drift-wood, weeds, and vines. Between Three-Mile Island and Indiana, is another in- teresting cut-short, where the shores are un- disturbed by the work of the main stream, and trees and undergrowth come down to the water's edge; the air is quivering with the
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A Study in Names
songs of birds, and resonant with sweet smells; while over stumps, and dead and fallen trees, grape-vines luxuriantly festoon and cluster. Near the pretty group of French Islands, two government dredges, with their boarding barges, were moored to the Kentucky shore- waiting for coal, we were told, before resum- ing operations in the planting of a dike. I took a snap-shot at the fleet, and heard one man shout to another, "Bill, did yer notice they've a photograph gallery aboord ?" They appear to be a jolly lot, these dredgers, and inclined to take life easily, in accordance with the traditions of government employ.
We frequently see skiffs hauled upon the beach, or moored between two protecting posts, to prevent their being swamped by steamer wakes. The names they bear interest us, as betokening, perhaps, the proclivities of their owners. "Little Joe," "Little Jim," "Little Maggie," and like diminutives, are common here, as upon the towing-tugs and steam ferries of broader waters-and now and then we have, by contrast, "Xerxes," "Achil- les," "Hercules." Sometimes the skiff is named after its owner's wife or sweetheart, as "Maggie G.," "Polly H.," or from the rustic
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On the Storied Ohio
goddesses, "Pomona," "Flora," "Ceres;" on the Kentucky shore, we have noted "Stone- wall Jackson," and "Robert E. Lee," and one Ohio boat was labeled "Little Phil." Literature we found represented to-day, by "Octave Thanet"-the only case on record, for the Ohio-River "cracker" is not much given to books. Slang claims for its own, many of these knockabout craft-"U. Bet," "Git Thair," " Go it, Eli," "Whoa, Emma!" and nondescripts, like "Two Doves," "Poker Chip," and "Game Chicken," are not infre- quent.
In these stately solitudes, towns are far be- tween. Enterprise, Ind. (755 miles), is an unpainted village with a dismal view-back of and around it, wide bottom lands, with hills in the far distance; up and down the river, precipitous banks of clay, with willow fringes on that portion of the shore which is not being cut by the impinging current. Scuf- fletown, Ky. (767 miles), is uninviting. New- burgh, on the edge of a bluff, across the river in Indiana, is a ragged little place that has seen better days; but the backward view of Newburgh, from below Three-Mile Island, made a pretty picture, the whites and reds of
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