USA > Ohio > Highland County > The County of Highland : a history of Highland County, Ohio, from the earliest days, with special chapters on the bench and bar, medical profession educational development, industry and agriculture and biographical sketches > Part 15
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CHAPTER VIII.
THE COUNTY'S WAR RECORD.
NE of the first military companies in Highland county was formed at New Market in the summer of 1807, under the command of Capt. George W. Barrere. Doubtless they were inspired to military organization by the fears of for- eign aggression and the filibustering expedition of Aaron Burr. This rifle company, the men wearing white hunting shirts as their only uniform, was kept up, with pretty good discipline, until the year 1812, when they answered the call for troops to serve against the British and Indians. In 1807 also, a company was organized in Fairfield township under Capt. Richard F. Bernard, whose suc- cessor in 1811 was Capt. Thomas M. Johnson. There was a general muster of the militia of the county in September, 1808, on the meadow of Capt. William Hill, on Clear Creek. There was Bar- rere's company from New Market, Bernard's from Fairfield, Capt. James Wilson's from Brush Creek, the Liberty township men with Samuel Evans as captain and Allen Trimble as lieutenant, Capt. John Coffee's company from Greenfield, and Captain Berryman's company, the first organized in the county, from New Market. Maj. Anthony Franklin was the commander-in-chief, resplendent in the uniform his father wore at Yorktown, and Captain Barrere was detailed as his adjutant.
Captain Barrere's company went out for duty early in the war of 1812, with William Davidson as lieutenant, and another company under Capt. John Jones and Lieut. James Patterson. William A. Trimble was appointed major in the Twenty-sixth United States infantry, and after he fought with gallantry in the Maumee river campaign he was promoted to colonel. Cary A. Trimble served as captain in the First Rifles, United States army. Under the call of 1813 a regiment of infantry was raised in this region of Ohio, to which Highland contributed four companies, under Capts. John Jones, James Patterson, Hugh Rogers and Joel Berryman, and the following officers: Colonel William Keys, Major Allen Trimble, Adjutant James Daniel, Surgeon Jasper Hand.
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For the Mexican war one infantry company was enlisted and called into service, David Irick, captain ; Jackson Kennipe, first lieutenant, and Samuel D. Stewart second lieutenant. All these officers were from Hillsboro, and the company was enlisted in Highland county. During the war Captain Irick died, and Jackson Kennipe was pro- moted to captain, and Lieutenant Stewart to first lieutenant, and the company thus officered was attached to the Second Ohio regiment, under the command of Col. George W. Morgan. Stewart was dis- tinguished for brave and gallant conduct at the battle of San Fran- cisco, February 24, 1847. The incident is thus reported: "But being surrounded on every side by the enemy, Col. Morgan thought it prudent to send a courier to overtake Lieutenant Colonel Irwin, and Lieutenant Stewart of Highland county volunteered to discharge this perilous duty. The lancers lined the chaparal within fifty yards of the road, as far as the eye could see. Lieutenant Stewart, with a friendly Mexican and an American dashed out on the road under a heavy fire from both sides of the chaparal. The Mexican was killed, and the American wounded ; but Stewart dashed gallantly on." Con- gress voted him a gold-mounted sword, and he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the regular army of the United States.
The history of Highland county in the War of the Rebellion, 1861-65, covers a much longer period of time, and larger numbers engaged in that terrible struggle to preserve the Union of the states, and show to the world that the sons of those gallant sires that had fought at Lexington, Concord and Bunker Hill were worthy the high destiny of freemen and could be trusted to perpetuate those principles so dear to every American heart, of liberty, fraternity and equality, the mighty trinity of Anglo-Saxon progress and civilization.
Highland county contributed Company K to the Twelfth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, organized for three months' service in response to the first call of President Lincoln, and afterward the company re-enlisted and served three years. They fought in West Virginia, Virginia and Maryland, and made a fine record. The Highland county officers were James Sloan, captain ; Benjamin R. A. Jones, first lieutenant, and William Peyton Coune, second lieutenant. For three years' service Coune became first lieutenant, and Esau Stevenson second lieutenant.
Company I of the Twenty-fourth Ohio infantry regiment was mustered in at Hillsboro, June 14, 1861, and served three years, fight- ing at Shiloh, Stone River and Chickamauga. Joseph B. Hill was captain ; Burch Foraker, first lieutenant, and William C. Heddleson, second lieutenant.
Company H of the Twenty-seventh Ohio infantry was raised in Highland county, and they went to St. Louis in August, 1861, begin- ning a long career of worthy service, at Island No. 10, New Madrid, Shiloh, Corinth, Iuka, Dallas, Kenesaw and Atlanta. Of this High-
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land county company William Sayers was captain first, succeeded by Samuel Thomas, who became colonel of another regiment. Will- iam E. Johnston and James P. Simpson were lieutenants.
Company A of the Forty-eighth regiment was recruited in High- land county, and Capt. Job Reed Parker, first commander of the company, was promoted to colonel of the regiment. Another field officer, Major J. A. Bering, was a Highland county man, and the county is also to be credited with Captains F. M. Posgate, J. W. Frazee, T. Montgomery, C. W. Musgrave, and Lieutenants T. L. Fields, W. A. Quarterman, Cornelius Conrea and P. Brown. The Forty-eighth fought at Shiloh, Champion's Hill and Vicksburg with Sherman and Grant, and with Banks in Louisiana.
Company E of the Fiftieth regiment was recruited in Highland county, with Levi C. Guthrie captain, and John J. Manker and John A. Borum lieutenants. Manker was promoted to captain. The regiment was in the Perryville, Knoxville, Atlanta, Nashville and North Carolina campaigns, made great marches and fought in many great battles.
Highland county contributed a number of men to the Fifty-ninth regiment, organized in October, 1863, and Charles A. Sheafe, of the county, was captain of Company I, and Francis F. Kibler a lieuten- ant. This regiment fought at Shiloh first, and afterward at Stone River, Chickamauga, and through the Atlanta campaign.
The Sixtieth Ohio, originally enlisted for one year, contained a large number of Highland county men, and its roster of officers con- tained the following Highland county names: Col. William H. Trimble, Lieut .- Col. Noah H. Hixon, Maj. J. K. Marlay, Surgeon David Noble, Assistant Surgeon R. A. Dwyer, Chaplain William H. McReynolds, Captains John S. Hill, Philip Rothrock, Robert Harry, and Milton Cowgill, and Lieutenants G. W. Barrere, William O. Donahoo, Samuel Coleman, E. J. Blount, John M. Barrere, Will- iam C. Blair, James W. Gamble, and A. S. Witherington, George W. Davis, Cary T. Pope and Jacob Lindsey. This regiment served with distinction in the Stonewall Jackson campaign in the Shenan- doah valley, but was surrendered by the post commander at Harper's Ferry in the fall of 1862.
Among the officers of the Sixty-fifth regiment Highland was repre- sented by W. S. Patterson.
The Seventy-third regiment contained many Highland county men, Greenfield being one of the main points of enrollment, and Jacob Hyer, of that town, the first lieutenant-colonel of the regiment. Among the line officers were Captains L. W. Burcott, Silas Irion and W. H. Eckman, and Lieutenants C. W. Trimble and Samuel Fillers. The Seventy-third fought in West Virginia and the Shenandoah valley, in eastern Virginia at Second Bull Run and Chancellorsville, in Pennsylvania at Gettysburg, in Tennessee and Georgia at Mission-
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ary Ridge and all the way to Atlanta, through Georgia to Savannah and through the Carolinas until the end came.
Highland also contributed a number of men to the Eighty-first regiment, and one of the companies was commanded by Capt. James Gibson.
In the Eighty-eighth Lieut. S. C. Pemberton represented Highland among the line officers.
To the Eighty-ninth regiment Highland contributed several com- panies under the command of Captains W. H. Glenn, D. M. Barrett and Joseph H. Mullenix. Glenn was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and commanded the regiment when it was captured at Chickamauga. Other officers were Adjutant R. W. Spargur, and Lieutenants J. W. Patterson, J. C. Nelson (promoted to captain), Samuel A. Glenn (promoted to captain), John W. Glenn, I. W. Vickars, G. H. Bever- idge.
Companies A, B and H of the Hundred and Sixty-eighth regiment were enlisted in Highland county, and George W. Barrere was lieu- tenant-colonel. Captains Joseph Smith, Joseph H. Mullenix, R. J. Hatcher, Henry N. Depoy.
The Hundred and Seventy-fifth regiment Ohio National Guard was enlisted in the fall of 1864 with headquarters at Hillsboro, and D. W. McCoy, of Highland county, became colonel ; E. E. Mullenix, a field officer; R. E. Dwyer, surgeon; D. B. Granger, assistant- surgeon. The Highland county line officers were Captains J. M. Hiestand, W. H. McCoy (lost on the Sultana), William P. Wolf, J. H. Dennison and C. W. Appley, and Lieutenants F. M. Posegate, T. J. McKeehan, Samuel S. Jolly, William M. Barrere, George Say- lor, Samuel A. Leamon, Joseph Ellis and Thomas Elliott. The regi- ment had serious experiences in war at the battles of Franklin and Nashville, losing heavily in killed and wounded.
Company H of the First regiment Ohio cavalry was from High- land county, and Capt. Martin Buck, the first commander of the com- pany, who organized it at Hillsboro, was later promoted to major of the regiment. The lieutenants were Cary A. Doggett, Robert R. Waddle, and David A. Roush, and Waddle became captain. The regiment was in a great many combats with the enemy in Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia, and won renown.
In the Second cavalry H. N. Easton was major, William McRey- nolds surgeon, T. Fulton assistant-surgeon, McCray Vance, a lieu- tenant. In the Fourth cavalry B. T. Hathaway was a lieutenant. But the cavalry regiment with which Highland county was most closely associated was the Eleventh, which was partly organized by Col. William O. Collins in the fall of 1861. Besides Colonel Collins the county furnished the following commissioned officers: Capt. P. W. Vanwinkle, and Lieutenants O. S. Glenn, W. H. Woodrow, G. W. Doggett, and Casper W. Collins. The regiment served mainly
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on the western plains and among the Indians, and in one of the wild encounters Lieutenant Casper Collins, only son of the colonel, lost his life, July 26, 1825, at the place named Fort Casper in his honor.
In the Twelfth cavalry Highland county had Capt. William C. Heddleson, and Lieut. Joseph L. Thompson and a few others.
The county also made contributions to the First regiment Ohio heavy artillery, including Lieutenants Jacob M. Toner and Hugh S. Fetterson. In the Second heavy artillery Captain William S. Irwin commanded Company A, and was promoted to major, and Capt. Sam- uel Coleman commanded Company B. Among the lieutenants were Jacob M. Grim, Martin Redkey and James M. Hughey.
In other commands Highland county men manifested their devo- tion to the nation, but these regiments named were the principal ones with which they were associated. We have not attempted to do more ' than enumerate these and give a roster of the commissioned officers from the county. A list of the men who enlisted would be altogether beyond the scope of this work, and the public records of the State preserve all these names and are accessible.
Some of the soldiers of the Union are still living, honored and respected citizens of our county, but the larger part have crossed to the grand camping grounds of the immortal and along the river of life their white tents are gleaming, waiting for the grand review, when the great commander of all worlds shall say, "Well done, good and faithful soldiers, your warfare ended, break ranks and rest for- ever." Incidents of personal heroism and suffering are numerous, for the boys in blue from Highland were brave and loyal soldiers, true to their convictions and above all true to the grand old flag that floats so proudly now over a country all free and united. The provost marshals of Highland county were William Scott and Joseph K. Mar- ley. Military committee of Highland county during the civil war : W. R. Smith, Enos Holmes, John H. Jolly and James G. Thompson of Hillsboro; Henry L. Dickey, of Greenfield. Under an act of Congress authorizing a draft, J. K. Marley of Hillsboro was provost marshal ; George B. Gardner, commissioner ; E. J. Blount, clerk, and Dr. David Noble, surgeon. Besides the regular enlisted men that . went to the front, there were other local military companies, such as the "Eagle Creek expedition." The "Squirrel Hunters" enlisted for the defense of Cincinnati ; but the most noted of all was the regiment raised to assist General Hobson in his effort to capture John Morgan on his raid through Ohio. This regiment joined Hobson's forces and was present at the battle near Buffington's Island, after which they were disbanded by Hobson with high compliments for their cour- age and efficiency.
Hillsboro and Highland county sent one company to the Spanish- American war. This was Company F of the Second regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, Capt. Quinn Bowles; first lieutenant, Arthur
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THE COUNTY'S WAR RECORD.
Jenkins; and second lieutenant, John Gorman, who died in Hills- boro the next day after reaching home on furlough. The majority of this company were enlisted in Hillsboro and Greenfield, and did good' service for Uncle Sam.
H-10
CHAPTER IX.
HIGHLAND COUNTY MISCELLANY.
HEN Highland county was a part of Ross, it was, of course, included in townships of that older county. The records have vanished, but it is likely that the founding of New Market village was soon followed by the estab- lishment of New Market township, with an area of vast extent. In the year 1800 Paxton township was set off in the original Ross county, including a good part of what is now Highland. The place of elections and militia musters in Paxton was at the home of Chris- tian Platter, near Bainbridge.
In 1805 the county of Highland was organized with a much larger territory than it now has. About the same time, in the division of the county into townships for local government, that part of it which now forms Highland county was embraced within four townships called New Market, including the town of that name; Liberty, including the Clear Creek settlement; Fairfield, the Quaker region and a large area northward, and Brush Creek.
In forming these new townships it appears that Brush Creek was set off in the southeast corner of the county, and Fairfield on the north, and Liberty in the central area, while the southwestern part of the county was left under its old name of New Market township.
In June, 1808, the township of Richland was formed, embracing about all the territory in the present townships of Dodson and Union and a large part of what was originally Fairfield. But as the popula- tion increased, and the resources of the locality developed this town- ship was broken up and its very name lost to the county.
About 1808, the date not being preserved in the records, Paint township was set off Brush Creek. On July 17, 1809, Union was established, with bounds that then included the town of Lynchburg. The township name was significant, because it was not long after the expedition of Aaron Burr, and there had been much talk of the seces- sion of the West.
On June 10, 1810, the region between Rattlesnake and Paint creeks was set off from Fairfield and named Madison township, in
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HIGHLAND COUNTY MISCELLANY.
honor of the president, James Madison, inaugurated in 1809. In the same year Fayette county was created by the State government, reducing Fairfield township from its original vast extension north- ward.
Concord township was set off from New Market, March 4, 1811, as a strip off the south side, as far west as the county line. Prob- ably it was named in honor of the first battle ground of the Revolu- tion.
Thus there were eight townships in 1811, and so it remained for several years, until after the war of 1812-15. On October 5, 1816, the county commissioners ordered the setting off of a new township from Brush Creek and Concord, and named it Jackson, in honor of the famous victor of the battle of New Orleans, January 9, 1815.
Three years passed, and on August 19, 1819, the ancient town- ship of New Market received its final serious pruning, the greater part of what was left of it being set as the township of Salem, which then included about what is now Salem, Hamer and Dodson, with Danville as the voting place.
White Oak, including what is now Clay, was set off from Con- cord mainly, in 1821, its east and west bounds being the Ripley road and the county line. It was named from White Oak creek.
There was no further change for nearly ten years, until June 7, 1830, when the commissioners acceded to the petition of Michael Stroup and others, and set off the township of Dodson from Union, Salem and New Market, including what is now a part of Hamer. Dodson received its name from Dodson creek, and the creek pre- serves the name of Joshua Dodson of Virginia, who located large tracts of land near its mouth soon after the treaty of Greenville.
Clay township, perpetuating the name of the idol of the Whigs of Ohio, the great Kentuckian, Harry of the West, was set off from White Oak December 5, 1831.
After that there was no change until January, 1844, when Lib- erty, Jackson, Brush Creek and Paint yielded up part of their domain to form a new interior township. Within its bounds the vil- lage of West Liberty had been platted in 1817, and on petition of the inhabitants the name had been changed by the legislature in 1836 to Marshall, probably in honor of Chief Justice John Mar- shall, who died a few months before. The new township created in 1844 was given the same name.
After the war with Mexico, another new township was formed, mainly from the original bounds of Salem, and in the order of the commissioners made June 5, 1849, it was given the name of Hamer, in honor of the famous Ohio congressman, orator and general, Thomas L. Hamer, who died while in the military service of his country.
Next year, June 6, 1850, Washington township was established,
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and the father of his country again commemorated in the naming of it. The territory of this new township was taken from Liberty, Concord, Jackson and Marshall.
March 5, 1852, the last subdivision was made, and the seventeenth township, embracing parts of Fairfield and Union, was given the name of Penn, in honor of the many Quaker families of that region and William Penn, the pioneer of the Friends in America.
THE TOWNS OF HIGHLAND.
Within Highland's area of four hundred and seventy square miles are thirty-two towns, villages, and hamlets. These in the order of time, with dates of their original plats and names of the owners of the lands, are as follows: New Market, 1797, Henry Massie and Joseph Kerr; Greenfield, 1799, Duncan McArthur; Hillsboro, 1807, Benjamin Ellicott; Leesburg, 1814, James Johnson ; East Monroe, 1815, David Reece; Sinking Springs, 1815, Jacob Hiestand ; New Lexington (Highland postoffice), 1816, John Conner; New Peters- burg, 1817, Peter Maver; West Liberty, 1817, William Simmons, name changed to Marshall in 1836, and additions made in 1837 by William Head and John Butters; Leesburg, 1821, S. McClure, A. Chalfont and C. Lupton; New Vienna, 1827, Thomas Jussey ; Mowrytown, 1829, Samuel Bell; Lynchburg, 1830, Andrew Smith and Coleman Betts; Rainsboro, 1830, George Rains; Centerfield, 1830, John M. Combs; Belfast, 1834, James Storer and Lancelot Brown; Buford, 1834, Robert Lindsley, whose wife was a Buford, of Kentucky; Danville, 1835, Daniel P. March ; Dodsonville, 1839, Daniel Shafer and L. L. Cartwright; Allensburg, 1839, Robert Pugh and C. Henderson ; Boston, 1840, Abraham Pennington and Noah Glasscock; Sugar Tree Ridge, 1844, John Bunn; Fairview, Jonah Vanpelt; Fairfax, 1845, B. F. Pullium; Samantha, 1845, David Kinzer; Berryville, 1846, Amos Sargent; Taylorsville, 1846, Isaiah Roberts, Jr. ; Pricetown, 1847, Elijah and Daniel Faris and A. Murphy ; Sicily, 1848, John N. Huggins ; Fallsville, 1848, J. W. Timberlake ; North Uniontown, 1849,Obadiah Countryman ; Russell Station, 1853, A. R. Butler. The surviving towns are situated in fertile spots in the county and their healthy and happy people rejoice in their common citizenship of a great and growing country.
Among the blessings enjoyed by the people of Highland county are good government, low taxes and low valuations, good roads well kept, excellent schools, and unrivaled church and social influences. It may well be said of Highland county that within the State of Ohio there is no more healthful, happy or fertile spot than the little county of Highland. As a native preacher once remarked while preaching the funeral sermon of a departed lady, in mournful tones : "The dear sister whose mortal remains lie before us has taken her
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departure to a better land"-then pausing for a moment-"if there be any land better than that of Highland county."
HILLSBORO.
Hillsboro, the county seat, is situated upon the dividing ridge between the Miami and Scioto rivers. It was laid out in 1807 on land belonging to Benjamin Ellicott of Baltimore. The site was selected by David Hays, the commissioner appointed by the legisla- ture for that purpose. The original town plat was composed of some two hundred acres, one hundred of which was given to the county, and the remainder sold by Ellicott at two dollars per acre. The site of Hillsboro is one of beauty and health. Standing some seven hundred feet above the Ohio, it is the city set upon a hill; it cannot be hidden. Its people are progressive and intellectual and moral, with every advantage for culture and refinement. A public library of some seven thousand volumes of choice and standard books make learning easy to the young, who crowd in great numbers the spacious library room in the city building, and who are permitted to carry to their homes such books as interest or fancy prompts them to read. The major portion of the people of Hillsboro are cultured in a high degree, the natural result of the early and efficient advan- tages of it being an educational center. In the years gone by the Highland Institute and the Hillsboro Conservatory of Music, Rev. G. R. Beecher, president, with some nineteen teachers and some two hundred pupils ; also the Hillsboro college which admitted pupils of both sexes, afforded educational advantages equal to any spot in the State, for the attainment of a knowledge of science, music, art and elocution, as well as the primary culture as taught in the public schools. While these schools and colleges are not in operation now, the necessity for them is no longer felt, as the rapid development of the common schools has added all these special branches to their system of teaching and can give culture of equal merit with any col- lege or academy in the State. A complete system of water works give the city pure cold water from numerous wells sunken near Clear creek some three miles from the town, and pumped into a great stand pipe one hundred and thirty-five feet in height and some fif- teen feet in diameter. The streets are lighted by electricity.
Hillsboro can boast of her men of letters and her authors of no mean repute. Henry S. Doggett, dead some years ago, wrote a biography of Prof. Isaac Sams ; Samuel P. Scott, author of Travels. in Spain, a volume of rare merit, "elegant in illustrations, accurate and full in its facts." Charles H. Collins, a leading member of the Highland bar, found leisure from his legal practice to write "Echoes from Highland Hills" and also "From Highland Hills to an Emperor's Tomb." Henry A. Shepherd, also an able lawyer, wrote
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a history of Ohio which was only partially printed when he sud- denly died broken-hearted over the disaster that seemed to follow his effort to have his work published. The materials collected by him for his work after years of patient industry and trial, with the plates and proof sheets, were twice destroyed by fire, leaving him stranded in his affliction, until death relieved him of the burden of all his care, and gave his tired spirit rest. Hugh McNicols, a young man of great promise as a writer and author, died early in life of consumption. Rev. J. W. Klise has contributed to religious literature by writing "Christ Rejected" and "Is Christianity a Superstition ?"
Hillsboro, as a business center, extends her influence far beyond the boundary of county lines. Her wholesale houses send out "drummers" in every direction, and the mammoth wholesale grocery establishment of the McKeehan-Hiestand company supply hundreds of customers beyond the county lines, at better prices than could be obtained in Cincinnati about seventy miles away. Her railroad facilities are excellent. The Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern and the Norfolk and Western competing lines make freight rates low, and passenger traffic swift and easy to all points. The educational advantages of the county seat are unrivalled. The fraternal orders of Free Masons, Odd Fellows, Ancient Order of United Workmen, Modern Woodmen, Knights of Pythias, Elks, Royal Arcanum, Grand Army, Sons of Veterans, Woman's Relief Corps, are each represented by organizations. Bell's Opera House is a dream of beauty, handsome without and elegant within, with seating capacity of one thousand. As we have introduced the name of Bell as the builder and owner of the Opera House it might be well to notice in this connection the vast industry of which he is originator and head. It is a fact that Bell's foundry turns out more bells of every descrip- tion and kind than any other factory in the United States. Mr. C. S. Bell started the foundry business in a humble way in 1858 which steadily grew in size and importance until between two and three hundred men are given employment at his extensive establishment. Mr. Charles Bell, his son, and L. Boyd, his son-in-law, are associated with him in the business and the firm is without a rival in the county in wealth, integrity and benefactions. Church bells are made a specialty, and in size, quality and tone have gained a reputa- tion as enviable as it is merited. Bells made of steel alloy by this company sound their praise in every clime, and call the devout of every nation to the consecrated place of worship. "Bells-bells ! They are calling us forever from the sordid levels to higher, nobler things. Kindly they mingle with our thoughts of the past, and on quivering wings waft our willing souls to realms of future bliss."
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