USA > Ohio > Wyandot County > The History of Wyandot County, Ohio, containing a history of the county, its townships, towns general and local statistics, military record, portraits of early settlers and prominent men etc > Part 121
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The early settlers of Salem usually went to Bucyrus, Fort Ball, now Tiffin, or Sandusky City for their supplies, especially to obtain flour and the heavier lines of sumptuary goods. The latter town was the principal milling point for many years. "Home manufactures " were found to be a necessity and as early as 1836, John Mann, while engaged in hay-making, found a bowlder, from which he constructed a run of buhrs, and set up a mill in one end of his cabin, the mill being run by hand, Mrs Mann often performing the labor of turning the stone. Mr. Mann afterward built a horse-power mill, using first two horses, but subsequently increasing the number to eight, making the capacity of the mill about seventy-five bushels per day. * He was engaged in the milling business near twenty years, doing work for the settlers of a large scope of country, extending his patronage into the ad- joining counties. He also constructed a saw mill, run by water-power, and dug a ditch one and one-half miles in length to obtain water necessary to its operation, the supply being drawn from Potato Creek Swamp. Many of the original frame buildings of Upper Sandusky were constructed from lumber cut at this mill, to which Mr. Mann added a stream lathe about 1854. As a mechanic he could do almost any kind of work required by the times. He was the miller, the blacksmith, the carpenter, the gunsmith and the shoe- maker for the whole neighborhood. He died in 1857, from injuries received by falling between the cars in attempting to board a train at Upper San- dusky. The only mill now in operation in the township is a saw mill on Section 28, owned and operated by George Barkley.
Even in the rude environment peculiar to frontier life and pioneer days we find persons of both sexes who were not proof against the influence of the "tender sentiment." In June, 1845, George Right and Catharine Michaels were united in the holy bonds, by J. Mattson, Justice of the Peace, at the residence of George Michaels. This, we believe, is the first wedding recorded from Salem Township, though in the forty years that have since intervened many are the vows that have been plighted in this locality, in the hope of finding the royal road to happiness. In May, 1835, Ezra Stewart first saw the light of this world. He was a son of Henry and
*The mill was located on Section 29.
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HISTORY OF WYANDOT COUNTY.
Charlotte Stewart, and is said to be the first white child born in the town- ship. Mary Jones, who died October 7, 1839, was the first who here closed her earthly career. She was laid to rest in the Inman Graveyard, on the southwest quarter of Section 7. The first election of the township was held at the Nichols Schoolhouse, April 7, 1845, and the result of this and the succeeding elections up to 1883 are shown in the following: *
Trustees-1845, James P. Hastings, Robert Bruce, William Gibson.
1846-Robert Bruce, James P. Hastings, Isaac Gardner.
1847-Elias Hill, Lewis S. Hixen, Isaac Gardner.
1848-Ezekiel Bogard, Timothy Moody, Alvin J. Russell. 1849-Ezekiel Bogard, Alvin J. Russell, Timothy Moody.
1850-Thomas Wolverton, James P. Hastings, Milton Morral.
1851-James P. Hastings, Thomas Wolverton, Milton Morral.
1852-James Headington, Timothy Moody, George Roads.
1853-Timothy Moody, James Headington, George Roads.
1854-Timothy Moody, James Headington, George Roads.
1855-A. J. Failor, Milton Morral, Hiram Caldwell.
1856-Milton Morral, Hiram Caldwell, John L. Ogg. 1857-John L. Ogg, John Caldwell, Henry Gottfreid.
1858-Henry Gottfreid, John. Caldwell, James Headington.
1859-George Michaels, Milton Morral, Ebenezer Baughman.
1860-Ebenezer Baughman, Henry Gottfreid, Jacob Smith.
1861-George H. Davidson, Samuel Kauble, Henry Gottfreid.
1862-Samuel Kauble, Frederick Nagel, George H. Davidson.
1863-Ezekiel Bogard, Jacob Moser, Frederick Nagel.
1864-Ezekiel Bogard, Jacob Moser, Henry Gottfreid. 1865-John Long, Frederick Nagel, Sheridan Cox.
1866-John Long, Frederick Nagel, Sheridan Cox.
1867-George H. Davidson, Benjamin F. Draper, Henry G. Murphy.
1868-John Long, Joseph Brown, Henry G. Murphy.
1869-Henry Gottfreid, Joseph Brown, John Long.
1870-Henry G. Murphy, Henry Gottfreid, Leonard Weaver.
1871-Leonard Weaver, Henry G. Murphy, Benjamin H. Draper.
1872-Henry Gottfreid, Benjamin H. Draper, Daniel W. Nichols.
1873-Henry Gottfreid, Daniel W. Nichols. Henry Eberle.
1874-Leonard Weaver, Henry Eberle, George Michaels.
1875-Leonard Weaver, Peter Pfeifer, Fred Altvater.
1876-Peter Pfeifer, Fred Altvater, William Davidson.
1877-Henry G. Murphy, John Binau, Joseph Reisterer.
1878-Henry G. Murphy, John Binau, Joseph Reisterer.
1879-William Nagel, Nicholas Hoerr, Sebastian Brooks.
1880-William Nagel, Sebastian Brooks, Nicholas Hoerr.
1881-Fred Altvater, John Binau, John Long.
1882-John Binau, Fred Altvater, John L. Ogg.
1883-John L. Ogg, John Binau, Henry Eberle.
Clerks-1845, Alvin J. Russell; 1846, Paul F. Suber; 1847-54, Clark Glenn; 1855, William Marlow; 1856, Moses O. Kear; 1857-58, Jacob Gottier; 1859, Moses O. Kear; 1860-61, Hughey D. Michaels; 1862, Moses O. Kear; 1863, H. D. Michaels; 1864-65, John Caldwell; 1866-67, Will- iam Nagel; 1868-69, Peter Trachsel, Jr .; 1870-72, William Nagel; 1873-74
* At the first election of the township, Alvin J. Russell was elected Clerk and Assessor; John Mann and John Preston were elected Constables; Andrew Cordrey, A. B. Inman and Bobert Bruce Supervisors., The Judges of Election were Elias Hill, Ezra Stewart and Robert Bruce; Clerk, A. J. Russell and A. P. Gard-' ner. Politics-Whigs and Democrats.
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SALEM TOWNSHIP.
Hughey D. Michaels; 1875-77, George A. Draper; 1878-79, George W Bogard; 1880, Samuel W. Ewing; 1881, George W. Bogard; * 1882-83. Emil Schlup (resigned); George W. Bogard, appointed.
Treasurers-1845-48, Jesse Wilson; 1849-55, Ezekiel Bogard; 1856, Milton Kear; 1857-58, William Marlow; 1859-60, Jacob Gottier; 1861-63, William Hopkins; 1864-65, Jacob Gottier; 1866, Ezekiel Bogard and Ed- ward Mclaughlin; 1867-69, Edward Mclaughlin; 1870-72, Peter Trach- sel, Jr .; 1873, Leonard Weaver; 1874-75, Daniel W. Nichols; 1876-77, William Nagel; 1878-79, D. W. Nichols; 1880-81, Peter Trachsel, Jr .; 1882-83, William Nagel.
Justices of the Peace-1845, James P. Hastings, t Job Mattson, Jr .; 1847, James P. Hastings, Job Mattson; 1850, Christopher Baker, Job Matt- son; 1852, Thomas Wolverton; 1853, William Marlow; 1855, David C. Murry; 1856, William Marlow; 1858, David O. Murry; 1859, Edward McLaughlin; 1861, Edward Ewing; 1862, Edward Mclaughlin; 1864, Moses O. Kear; 1865, Jacob Moser; 1867, Moses O. Kear; 1868, Jacob Moser; 1870, Peter Trachsel, Jr .; 1872, Hughey D. Michaels; 1873, Peter Trachsel, Jr. ; 1875, Hughey D. Michaels; 1876, Peter Trachsel, Jr .; 1878, D. W. Nichols; 1879, Peter Trachsel, Jr .; 1881, Daniel W. Nichols; 1883, Peter Trachsel.
SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES.
No schoolhouses were erected in this township prior to 1838. In that year the first edifice of the kind was founded on the northeast corner of Section 19. Here the work of intellectual improvement began, and from this point it has radiated to the "uttermost parts" of the township, which is now supplied with nine of these temples of knowledge. They are situ- ated on sections as follows: District No. 1, Section 12; No. 2, Section 3; No. 3, Section 5; No. 4, Section 17; No. 5, Section 15; No. 6, Section 23; No. 7, Section 36; No. 8, Section 33; No. 9, Section 32. The primitive log house at length gave way to the neat and comfortable frame structure, and many of these are succeeded by substantial and commodious brick build- ings, all well furnished with comfortable seats and the other necessary means of instruction. Among the pioneers of the art of teaching we find the name of Israel Hulse, who wielded the rod in 1842; James Ward, in 1844, and Jacob Strickler in 1845.
The strong devotional sentiment of the settlers of Salem Township first found expression in the erection of a church by the "Bible Christians " on the northwest quarter of Section 17, in the year 1849. Three others are now established in the township-the St. Peter's Catholic Church, the Methodist Episcopal, the Church of God, and the German Evangelical Protestant Church. The latter society held its first meetings at the resi- dence of Nicholas Baumgartner, under the administration of Rev. Heckelei- ber, in the spring of 1848. The society was organized at the same resi - dence in 1850, Rev. Dollmatsch officiating. The original members were Nicholas Baumgartner and family, Mr. Pfeffer and family, Peter Binau and family, George Binau and family, Philip Karg and family, George Stephan and family, Andrew Gottfried and family, Henry Ulrick and family, Jacob Ulrick and family, John Ulrick and family, Charles Steiner and family, John Horn and family, Mr. Kleindinst and family, George Mall and family, Stephen Shlup and Henry Epley. The first officers were Peter
* Appointed in place of Samuel W. Ewing, resigned.
+ The first case at law tried in Salem Township was that of John Rummel vs. William Johnson, the hearing taking place before James P. Hastings, April 12, 1845.
980
HISTORY OF WYANDOT COUNTY.
Binau and Andrew Gottfried, who served as Elders, and Philip Karg and George Stephan, who served as Deacons.
In 1850, the society purchased three-fourths of an acre as a site and cemetery in Section 15, and, in 1855, by volunteer work principally, a log church, 24x32 feet, was erected at a cost of $200. The present sub- stantial brick church building which occupies the site of the old log structure was erected in 1872. It is 32x46 feet in dimensions, comfortably furnished, and cost $2,500. In 1874, a fine bell weighing 550} pounds was added at a cost of $300. In 1882, the cemetery was drained by tile, costing $200, and, in 1883, the church was supplied with a splendid organ, which was purchased for $100. The pastors in the order in which they served are as follows: Revs. Heckeleiber, a missionary, Dollmatsch, August Winder, John Betcler, Christian Wolf, A. Hotdorf, A. Allert, George Schlader- mund, Valentine Klein, Charles Werule, A. Kanetcke, A. Duhill and John G. Ruhl. The membership now comprises about thirty-tive and their fami- liez, making in the aggregate near 200. The present officers of the society are George Binau and John Bery, Elders; John Binau and John M. Ulrick, Deacons; Konrad Bery, Clerk; John Landenshlager, Treasurer; Jacob Pfieffer, Julius Cahn and Michael Shwabel, Trustees. The church sustains a Sunday school during the summer seasons, having an average attendance of fifty. Instructions are given in both German and English.
LOVELL.
The town of Lovell, situated in Section 2, on the C., H. V. & T. Rail- road, was laid out by Lovell B. Harris, from whom it was named two years after that road was constructed. The post office was established at the same time. The village has one store, one church, one blacksmith shop, a shoe shop and a flouring mill. The latter was built in 1877 by Daniel and Will- iam A. Walborn, at a cost of $6,500. The building is a two-story frame structure, 26x40 feet. The mill was put in operation by the Walborn firm, which has since conducted it. It has two runs of buhrs, with a capacity of twenty barrels per day. A saw mill is run in connection, requiring the aid of four workmen.
The Methodist Episcopal Church at Lovell was erected in 1877. The building is 30x40 feet in size, and cost about $2,000. The society was formerly a part of the church at Crawford Post Office.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
FREDERICK ALTVATER was born in Otterberg, Bavaria, October 15, 1837. He is a son of Theobald and Barbara (Lanie) Altvater, natives of Bavaria and who emigrated to America in 1842, and located at Mansfield, Ohio. There were five in the family-Peter, Michael, Louie, Frederick and an infant which died at birth. The mother died in 1847, and Mr. Alt- vater was married in 1848, to Mary Umstatt, a resident of Mansfield and a native of Germany, having been in America but one year. Three children have resulted from this marriage-Margaret, Mary and George-the second deceased. The father of these removed to this township in April, 1855, and purchased land on which he resided till his death, which occurred Feb- ruary 15. 1862. Frederick Altvater, the subject of this sketch, resided with his father, clearing and farming, till twenty four years of age, when he purchased seventy-six acres of his father's woodland, which he has since cleared and improved and now values at $80 per acre. He was married, June 26, 1862, to Anna M. Stephen, a resident of this township and native
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SALEM TOWNSHIP.
of Bavaria, having emigrated to this country in 1846. Ten children were born to them, namely: Mary E., Elizabeth, Margaret, George, Caroline, Emma, Matilda E., Susanna C., Frederick L. and Alma A. - all living but George, who died in infancy. Mr. Altvater is a Democrat in politics, and has served one term as Constable, one term as Assessor, five terms as Trus- tee and seventeen terms as School Director. He and his family are mem- bers of the German Reformed Church.
ELIAS ARNOLD was born in Knox County, Ohio, July 24, 1820. His parents, Elias and Rachel (Pain) Arnold, were natives of Maryland, and settled in Knox County in 1815. Being driven out by the Indians about two years later, they returned in 1819 and purchased land, rearing a family of fourteen children. Elias, the second son, was married May 31, 1850, to Ann Langsdon, of Knox County, native of Maryland, and ten children re- sulted from this union, namely: Sarah C., William, Leo, Romaous, Mary E., Anna, Alphonses L., Augusta, John F. and James B. Sarah C., Leo and Mary E. are deceased. In October, 1856, Mr. Arnold settled in Salem Township, where he purchased eighty acres of land at about $8 per acre; cleared and improved this and now values it at $70 per acre. He raises various kinds of farm products, always keeping the best grades of stock. In politics, Mr. Arnold is a Democrat; himself and wife are members of the Catholic Church.
WILLIAM BERTSCH is a native of Baden, Germany, born December 3, 1818. He emigrated to America in 1846, settling in Boston, where he resided eleven years. In 1856, he removed to this county and purchased the farm of 112 acres on which he now resides, and which he has largely improved, having erected a fine brick house in 1871. He was married in Boston December 18, 1849, to Catharine Becker, native of Baden, Germany, and two children were born to them-Wilhelmina (deceased wife of D. W. Nichols) and Catharine C. (wife of Louis F. Long). While in Boston Mr. Bertsch was employed as clerk in a drug store, but since coming to this county has been engaged in farming exclusively, having his farm well stocked and improved. In politics, Mr. Bertsch is a liberal Democrat, and, with his wife, is a member of the Lutheran Church.
JOHN BINAU was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, October 28, 1840. He is a son of Peter and Barbara (Marquost) Binau, who emigrated to the United States with their family of nine children in 1847, settling in this township. The parents died in 1879, and the farm of eighty acres was disposed of, John Binaw, our subject, purchasing the entire farm. He was married, March 22, 1863, to Mary E. Berg, and twelve children, all liv- ing, have been born to them-John A., Mary M., Elizabeth M., Anna L., Frederick J., Jacob P., George E., Katie, Amelia K., Susanna R., Carrie L., and William C. Mr. Binau engages in agricultural pursuits, being a suc- cessful and enterprising farmer. He is now serving his fourth term as Trustee of Salem Township, a Democrat in politics. He and family hold a membership in the German Lutheran Church.
PETER BINAU, JR., son of George and Elizabeth Binau, was born in this township September 25, 1851. He was married in Richland County, Ohio, September 27, 1876, to Miss Elizabeth Schmunk, and one son and one daughter have been born to them-Harry, born September 18, 1879, and Edith, born July 11, 1882. Mr. Binau has forty acres of good farming land in Salem Township, valued at $75 per acre. He was educated in the common schools, and has spent his entire life in the rural districts, engaged in agricultural pursuits. He is a Democrat in political sentiment, and has
46
982
HISTORY OF WYANDOT COUNTY.
served one term as Constable. Mr. Binau and his wife are both members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church.
JOSEPH BROWN, born March 12, 1834, is a native of Richland Coun- ty, Ohio, and the eldest son of Martin and Cicilia (Simon) Brown, who were natives of France, and emigrated to America in 1832, settling in Richland County, where they both died in March, 1882. Their children were Mary A., Joseph, Ambrose, Ferdinand, Samuel, Cleopha and John. Joseph, our subject, was married September 25, 1860, to Miss Rimlinger, a resident of Crawford County, and a native of France, daughter of Martin and Barbara Rimlinger. This union was blessed by ten children-Mary C., John, Cleopha, Roseanna, Emeline, Francis S., Joseph F., Charlie M., Clara and Annie. Mary and John are deceased. Mr. Brown purchased sixty acres of land in this township in 1863, adding twenty acres more in 1872. Upon this he now resides, having it well improved and stocked. He is a prom- inent citizen in his township, a Democrat in politics, and with his family, is a member of the Catholic Church.
SAMUEL EWING, SR., whose portrait appears in this work, was born March 15, 1809, and is the oldest living son of Samuel and Nancy (Cotton) Ewing, natives of Ireland and Pennsylvania respectively. His parents were married in the latter State, and resided there many years, closing their lives in Beaver County, where their remains now repose. Our subject was brought up on a farm, and educated in the common schools of Pennsylvania, the log schoolhouse and puncheon floor then being in vogue. At the age of twenty, he learned the tailor's trade, which he pursued till 1829, when he abandoned it for the farm. He was thereafter engaged in agricultural pur- suits till 1881, when he disposed of his chattels and has since lived a re- tired life, making his home with his son-in-law, L. C. Moody, his wife hav- ing passed away January 1, 1876. Mr. Ewing was married in Beaver County, Penn., March 18, 1835, to Christina Mason, also a native of Penn- sylvania, and to this union were born four sons and six daughters, namely: Nancy, John M., Mary, Martin, Amos, Lucretia, Martha J., Alice, Melissa and George W., all living but Melissa. In October. 1851, Mr. Ewing re- moved with his family to Upper Sandusky, where he resided several months, then removing to his farm of 124 acres, purchased three years previous; this farm is valued at $100 per acre. In 1851, Mr. Ewing also purchased 160 acres in Salem Township, which is valued at $75 per acre. He has always been an industrious and thorough-going citizen, and has been a faithful member of the United Presbyterian Church for many years. He is highly esteemed by his circle of acquaintances, and one of the most substantial and respected citizens of the township in which he resides.
JOHN M. EWING, son of Samuel and Christina (Mason) Ewing, was born in Beaver County, Penn., April 26, 1839. He came with his parents to this county in 1851, and located in Crane Township, where his father purchased 280 acres, on which he (John) resided till his enlistment in the late war, April 22, 1861. He was a member of Company I, Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and enlisted for three months' service, but subsequently re-enlisted for three years in Company D, Fifteenth Ohio Veteran Volunteer Infantry, participating in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, Stone River, Chick- amauga, Mission Ridge and a number of others, receiving his discharge at Chattanooga at the expiration of his term, September 24, 1864. Mr. Ewing was married, April 13, 1865, to Jennie Hunter, of Beaver County, Penn., and her death occurring in March, 1866, he was re-married, Septem- ber 6, 1870, to Celia Gump, of Upper Sandusky. They have five children-
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SALEM TOWNSHIP.
Maude A., Edith B., Ralph C., Carrie M. and Emma E. Mr. Ewing has always been an agriculturist and stock-raiser, managing his father's farm of 160 acres. He is a member of the Knights of Honor, G. A. R., and, with his wife, of the Presbyterian Church, with which he is officially con- nected.
ABNER E. ENDERS was born in Dauphin County, Penn., March 12, 1848. He is a son of Peter and Amanda (Detric) Enders, natives of Penn- sylvania, where they still reside. The family consisted of thirteen chil- dren-Francis W., David P., Sarah E., Mary M., Augustus Z., Clara E., Amanda M., Agnes L., Peter E., John E., Emeline and Zacharia E. Abner, our subject, left his father's home for this county January 27, 1870. In 1874, he came to Salem Township and engaged as assistant at the County Infirmary, where he still remains. He was married, November 6, 1876, to Anna Stine, two sons blessing their union-Chauncy B. and Carlos E. From 1877 to 1882, Mr. Enders was employed by G. W. Berry, of Crane Township. Being appointed to the Superintendency of the Infirmary in the latter year, he has since taken up his abode at that place. He is the owner of eighty acres of land in Jackson Township, besides other property. He is a Democrat in politics, and is conducting the institution of which he has charge in a manner which speaks well for his judgment, and is entirely satisfactory to the authorities.
THOMAS J. GAMEL was born in this township May 22, 1851. His parents, Henry and Susan (Davis) Gamel, were natives of Ohio. Mr. Gamel was educated in the district schools of his native township, in which he was married to Margaret Echerlich September 20, 1878. They have two children-Sylvester, born September 20, 1879; and Cyrus A., born August 25, 1881. Mr. Gamel has been a farmer all his life, and by industry and business tact has accumulated a handsome property, owning 124 acres of land, which he values at $100 per acre, located two and one-half miles north of Upper Sandusky, on the Carey road.
GEORGE W. GANTZ was born in Richland County, Penn., June 31, 1848. His parents, David and Mary (Laninger) Gantz, had six children -Rebecca, Harriet, George W. and William F. Hiram and Sarah are de- ceased. George W. was married, November 14, 1870, to Mary E. Demler, a native of Germany, and five children resulted from this marriage-George S., William F., Henry A., Harriet E. and Lizzie D. Mr. Gantz purchased eighty acres of land in Salem Township and moved upon the same in 1876. He has since tilled this farm, doing a profitable business, raising various kinds of grain and improved grades of stock. Mr. Gantz is a Democrat, his wife being a member of the German Lutheran Church. She emigrated to America at the age of three years. Hiram Gantz, brother of our subject, was a soldier of the Fifty-fifth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and passed through many battles, dying of measles at Grafton, Va., March 13, 1862. His remains were brought home and interred in the Mission Ceme- tery at Upper Sandusky.
JACOB GOTTIER was born in Canton Berne, Switzerland, November 26, 1820. He is a son of Jacob and Magdalene Gottier, natives of the same locality. They emigrated to America and settled in Holmes County, Ohio, August 15, 1833, remaining until 1846, when they removed to this township and purchased 100 acres, where they resided during the remainder of their lives. The father died in October. 1850, and the mother November 23, 1851. Jacob Gottier, Jr., was educated in Switzerland. After locating in this county in 1846 he purchased a farm on which he resided till 1860.
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HISTORY OF WYANDOT COUNTY.
He then removed to Upper Sandusky, where he remained two years, after which he purchased forty acres in Salem Township where he now resides. He values his farm at $75 to $80 per acre. Mr. Gottier was married to Elizabeth Nussbaum, of this township, a native of Switzerland. Their children are George A., born January 29, 1852; Mary C., April 5, 1854; Caroline, January 25, 1857; Anna, December 27, 1858; Charles W., December 12, 1862, and Elizabeth, March 7, 1866. Mr. Gottier is a Dem- ocrat. He has served the township as Constable, Assessor, Clerk and Treasurer-discharging his duties creditably.
JAMES HIBBINS is a native of this county, born July 5, 1823. His parents, James and Mary (James) Hibbins, settled in Crawford Township about 1823. James and Nancy were their only children. The former was reared by his grandfather, John James, Sr., and was married March 1, 1849, to Sarah I. James, daughter of John James, Jr., and the children of this family are: Mary E., Martha E., Henrietta A., Laura B., Edwin F., Nettie M. and Jessie R. Edwin F. died in infancy. Mr. Hibbins purchased forty-four acres of land in 1852, and to this he has added by subsequent purchase till he now owns 174 acres, valued at $80 per acre. Upon his home farm is a fine flowing well, which adds materially to the value of the premises. Mr. Hibbins enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Forty- fourth Ohio National Guards, under Capt. Brayton, May 2, 1864, and served till September 2, 1864, being on duty at Snicker's Gap, Harper's Ferry, Hall Town Camp, Winchester and Berryville, being captured by Mosby's forces at the latter place. He subsequently returned to Winchester and from thence home. Mr. Hibbins was the first white child born in Wyandot County. He is an industrious farmer and well respected as a citizen. He entertains Republican views of political questions; his family is associated with the United Brethren Church.
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