USA > Ohio > The biographical cyclopaedia and portrait gallery with an historical sketch of the state of Ohio. Volume III > Part 42
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few minutes. For this and other acts of gallantry the Presi- dent brevetted him brigadier-general of volunteers, March 1 3th, 1865. After leaving the army he engaged in the study of law, and was admitted to practice in April, 1865, and in the same month was appointed assistant city auditor of Cin- cinnati. In October, 1865, he was elected to the State house of representatives from Hamilton county, and served one term. In 1867 he was elected recorder of Hamilton county for three years. In December, 1868, while yet serving in the last position, he was by President Johnson appointed super- visor of internal revenue for the southern district of Ohio, which position, after holding it one year, and finding the duties of it distasteful and unpleasant under the new admin- istration, he resigned. Having served his term as recorder of Hamilton county, he, for about a year, engaged in the pur- chase and sale of real estate, and in 1871 was the only repub- lican elected to the State senate from Hamilton county, in which body he served with distinction two years. In 1872 he formed a law partnership with General H. B. Banning and Jacob McGarry, and in 1875 he was nominated and elected lieutenant-governor of Ohio, running some thousands ahead of his ticket. By the Presidential election of 1876, and sub- sequent decision making General R. B. Hayes President of the United States, the governorship of the State passed to the lieutenant-governor, Thomas L. Young. He was sworn into office the day Governor Hayes resigned, and served the re- mainder of the term of his election, as governor of Ohio, with satisfaction to the people of the State generally. He espe- cially attracted, within this period, the attention of the public by his cool and determined conduct of affairs during the tur- bulence that followed the great railroad and miners' strike in July, 1877. In the Congressional convention of 1878 he was by the republicans of the second district of Ohio nominated, and elected to the Forty-sixth Congress by a satisfactory majority, in one of the most closely contested elections that ever occurred in the State.
HAYDOCK, THOMAS T., the extensive and well- known carriage manufacturer of Cincinnati, Ohio, was born June 14th, 1847, in Morgan County, Indiana. When a mere child, the family removed to Warren County, Ohio. His parents, Zeno and Hannah (Thompson) Haydock, were both natives of North Carolina, and were descended from Quaker ancestry, who came to America in the latter part of the 18th century. For fifty years before the Rebellion, they were among the most ardent and outspoken abolitionists in that State. So offensive were the institutions of slavery to them that several families removed to the Northern States years before the South seceded. Mr. Haydock's mother and other members of her family were associated with the late Levi Coffin in his zealous efforts to assist slaves in their race for liberty. Young Haydock's father having died while he was quite young, he remained at home and worked upon his mother's farm, and attended the district school during the Winter seasons. At the age of seventeen he entered Hol- brook's Normal School at Lebanon, Ohio, and there pursued his studies about one year. In 1868 he accepted a position as instructor in Hollingsworth's Business College at Covington, Kentucky. While thus engaged, August 22d, 1868, he married Miss Flora Sewell, daughter of George and Sarah Sewell, of New Vienna, O. Though by birth and education a member of the Society of Friends, Mr. Haydock became a member of the Baptist Church about this time, and, in accord with his
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taste and aspirations, decided to adopt the ministry as a life vocation. To prepare himself for his professional work, he entered Denison University, while his wife entered, as stu- dent, the Baptist Female Seminary at Granville, Ohio .. For the three following years he assiduously devoted himself to his studies, and won distinction as a rhetorician and essayist, standing the highest as such in the institution. Though he was one of the beneficiaries of the University (a right granted by the institution to its theological stu- dents), he was ambitious to be as far as possible self-sus- taining. Having learned the art of photography while at Lebanon, he adopted that as the most available means of recuperating his funds. In this he was very successful, and it was while thus engaged that the whole purpose and cur- rent of his life was changed. Being obliged to travel a great deal while in this enterprise, he had occasion to pur- chase a buggy for that purpose. At the exorbitant price asked by the dealer of whom he sought a purchase, the idea that has made him what he is flashed upon his mind. Cir- cumstances frequently aid the mind in evolving ideas, but to utilize in a commercial way a newly discovered idea or fact, it requires judgment, sagacity, and capital. Mr. Hay- dock's conviction was that this particular product was either made at an unnecessary cost, or else the manufacturer and retailer were realizing exorbitant profits. Upon this belief he at once began investigating and studying the details in this branch of industry, and found that his observations were correct, and that the secret lay chiefly in the extravagant process of manufacture. So thoroughly did this idea control him, that he was impelled to forego the cherished wish of his pious friends and the purposes outlined by his early tastes and younger ambition. He never again returned to the University, though he has ever since continued a systematic course of study in literary and scientific branches. What success he might have attained, and what good he might have accomplished had he devoted his life to the ministry, can only be conjectured from the capabilities he has evinced in other pursuits. He decided to become a manufacturer of carriages, but capital was required. He went to Cincin- nati, and contracted with a large firm there (who were then building high-priced work) for the purchase of 500 buggies, made to his special order and in accordance with his own directions as to economy. These buggies bore his name, and were placed upon the market as his product. In the sale of these he made a handsome profit. With this capital he began in the Spring of 1876, at Cincinnati, the manufacture, in a small way, of buggies on the economic plan, which his obser- vations had suggested. It proved to be no futile experiment but instead, a tangible reality, a grand success. The public now found that the same carriages could be purchased at half their original price; the scheme became popular, and the idea universal. Many other large institutions of the kind were built throughout the country, notably at Cincinnati, and it was not long before the "cheap" buggy became a uni- versal product. Mr. Haydock's success was, and has con- tinued to be, phenomenal. In 1878, and again in 1881, large additions were made to the factory, which is to-day one of the largest in the State. He was chiefly instru . mental in establishing a similar enterprise in St. Louis, Mo., out of which grew two large institutions, now owned and controlled by two of his brothers, W. T. and D. W. Hay- dock. The three concerns combined constitute probably the largest, exclusively, buggy manufactory in the world.
While other men have done much in developing this feature of carriage product, Mr. Haydock is one among the few pio- neers in discovering and demonstrating the great possibilities that lie in this character of industry. His success is in many respects without a parallel in view of the fact that he began in a competitive industry, without experience, capital, or as- sistance, and within a period of six years has built up one of the largest and most prosperous institutions in Cincinnati. That he has accomplished in so short a period what usually requires many years of careful management an:1 hard labor shows him to be a man of unusual executive ability in busi- ness affairs. While yet a young man, he has made his influ- ence felt in the great industrial interests of Cincinnati and St. Louis, where he is recognized as a man of great enterprise and energy. His habits are of a retiring character, taking no part in public affairs, and deprecating the political dema- goguery of the day. He is, however, as a loyal citizen, in- terested in the public welfare, and affiliates with the Repub- lican party in so far as its principles and public measures are concerned.
THOMAS, WILLIAM ISAAC, lawyer, was born in Philadelphia, July 4th, 1796, and died November 6th, 1869. He was of Welsh extraction, and his parents emigrated from Wales to this country shortly after the Revolutionary war, and about the beginning of the present century came to Ohio and settled in Zanesville. Our subject received his education at the Ohio University, Athens, read law under the late Hon. Thomas Ewing, Sr., of Lancaster, Ohio. After being admitted to the bar he located in Troy, Ohio, in 1818, where he lived half a century. He was the incumbent of many local offices, among them that of postmaster and justice of the peace, each for several years. He also served for a time as prosecuting attorney. In 1836 he was elected to the State senate, and served six consecutive years, and while there was recognized as one of the staunchest and most influential of the whig leaders. In 1856 he became a democrat and advocated the election of Buchanan, and thenceforward acted with the demo- cratic party. He was a man of remarkable originality, and noted for his striking eccentricities, especially in his official relations. He was an earnest student, an indefatigable worker, and his language abounded with satire, anecdote and cutting repartee. He possessed excellent conversational powers and in social circles was a polished gentleman. He was especially fond of agricultural pursuits, and for a number of years in the latter part of his life retired from professional duty to his farm in the vicinity of Troy. In the latter part of October, 1869, he visited Kansas, partly on a hunting expedition and partly to look after some property. He was taken sick at Lawrence, and there died after a few days illness, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. In the action of the Miami county bar re- lative to his death, he was spoken of as "eminently conspic- uous for those attributes of intellectual power and culture, solid and varied learning, and eminent professional integrity, which merited and commanded universal respect and confid- ence during the long period of his active practice as an at- torney and counsellor at law, and in the various official trusts committed to his charge." Notwithstanding the rare force and vigor of his understanding, and the unconquerable power of his will, his intercourse with his brethren of the bar was ever distinguished by an unvarying courtesy and genial kindness. Mr. Thomas married Lucinda, daughter of Richard Neale of Parkersburg, West Virginia, who bore him eleven children,
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of whom five only survive. Stanley, the oldest son, is in the cotton trade in New Orleans; L. A. and Gilmer T. Thomas reside in Troy, the former a florist and the latter an attorney and justice of the peace. Eugene B. Thomas has been a lieutenant in the United States navy since 1861, and is now in command of the naval station at Key West, Florida. Walter S. Thomas, the second son, was born in Troy, Ohio, April 8th, 1838, graduated at Miami University in 1860, read law with his father, attended lectures at the Harvard Law School, Mass- achusetts, and was admitted to practice in May, 1862, since which time he has been a member of the Troy bar. In Oc- tober, 1863, he entered the United States navy as master's mate and served in the Mississippi squadron under Admiral Porter until the spring of 1865. In the fall of this year he was elected prosecuting attorney of Miami county and served two terms. For two years past he has been a member and secretary of the Troy School Board. On December 16th, 1863, he married Belle C., daughter of James Collins, of Fair- port, New York, and has four children. He is well known throughout his own section of the State as a ripe scholar, a lawyer thoroughly read in and devoted to his profession. Successful in practice and a man of thorough integrity, he commands the respect and esteem of a large circle of friends and acquaintances, and bids fair in the future to take a still higher place in the ranks of the legal fraternity of his county.
HAYNES, DANIEL A., lawyer and jurist, who has been almost continuously a judge of the superior court at Dayton, Ohio, since its organization in 1856, was born in Co- lumbiana county, New York, September 9th, 1815, in the town of Chatham. His parents were Daniel and Magdalene Haynes. After obtaining an ordinary common-school edu- cation, he was sent to a boarding-school at Landlake, New York, and afterward to Lowville Academy, in the same State, and from there he entered Union College, at Schenectady, and was graduated in the class of 1835. After graduating he removed to and settled in Dayton, and for a year was assist- ant teacher in the old Dayton Academy, of which E. E. Bar- ney (also a graduate of Union College and former preceptor of Mr. Haynes,) was principal. In 1838 he entered as a law student the office of Judge Joseph H. Crane, and was admit- ted to the bar in 1840. In January, 1841, he commenced the practice of his profession in partnership with Henry Stod- dard, a lawyer of high standing at the Dayton bar, and after- ward formed a partnership with John Howard, with whom he practiced eight years. He was prosecuting attorney of Mont- gomery county from 1843 to 1847, and in the latter year was elected a member of the Ohio legislature. As a lawyer he continued in active and very successful practice until the establishment of the superior court in 1856, when he was elected judge, and reelected in 1860 and again in 1865. The superior court of Montgomery county, although a court of merely local jurisdiction, has acquired and always main- tained a high reputation in the history of the judiciary of the State. The learning and eminently judicial qualities which Judge Haynes brought to the discharge of the duties of the judgeship gave to its decisions an authority that was recognized and respected by both bench and bar throughout the State. In February, 1870, desiring a change from so long a term of judicial service, he resigned the office and returned to the practice of law in partnership with Hon. C. L. Vallandigham in Dayton. A rapidly growing and lucrative practice attested the strength of this
firm, when it was suddenly dissolved by the lamentable death of Mr. Vallandigham in June, 1871. Judge Haynes then re- sumed the partnership with Howard & Howard until 1875, when, upon the unanimous solicitation of the members of the bar, he was again elected judge of the superior court, in which position he still continues, and in which his eminent ability and unimpeachable integrity command for him the confidence of the public. Outside of his profession, Judge Haynes was for several years president of the Dayton bank, and has been also for many years president of the Dayton Mutual Insurance Company. On the 13th of June, 1848, he married Miss Emily Mason, daughter of General Sampson Mason, of Springfield, Ohio. She died on the 2d of the fol- lowing September, and since which time Judge Haynes has not again married. A decided whig, with strong anti-slavery proclivities until that party ceased to exist, he then became a republican, was a strong union man and ardent supporter of the war for-its maintenance. He actively cooperated in all the efforts made to strengthen and finally give success to the union arms and to the administration of President Lin- coln.
SCOTT, THOMAS, United States consul at Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, was born in Washington county, Pennsyl- vania, in 1815. His father, Thomas Scott, was a native of Ireland, and settled in that part of Pennsylvania in 1782, and there resided until his death in 1858. The subject of this sketch was educated at Washington College, Pennsylvania, studied medicine with Dr. Robert Biddle of Monongahela City, in that State, and graduated at the Ohio Medical Col- lege, in Cincinnati, in 1840. In 1841 he married Miss Han- nah A. Fowler of Cincinnati, and commenced a successful practice of medicine in Greenfield, Pennsylvania. In 1843 he moved to Morrow, in Warren county, Ohio, where he practiced his profession successfully till 1851, when he moved to Lebanon, the county seat, and there continued his prac- tice until 1857. In that year he purchased the Western Star, a newspaper that had been published since 1805, started by Judge John McLean, and he edited and published the same acceptably to its patrons until 1865. In 1859 he was elected by the republicans of Warren county to the Ohio legislature, where he served in the representative branch until 1869. During the war he was among the foremost friends and de- fenders of the Union soldiers. He was the author and advo- cate of the bill taxing the property of the State for the relief of the families of the soldiers during the absence of the latter in the field. In 1868 he was one of the delegates at large from Ohio to the Chicago republican convention that nomin- ated General Grant for President. In 1869 he was appointed secretary of Washington Territory, which position he filled for two years, when he resigned it, and returning to his home in Lebanon, was reëlected to the house of representatives, and having served in that body until 1874, then resigned to take the position he now holds honorably to himself and creditably and beneficially to the government. The records of the State and Treasury Department at Washington show that this consulate, which had cost the government from $25,000 to $50,000 a year before he had it, has since his in- cumbency been a source of revenue to the government of the United States. During the long term of Mr. Scott's ser- vice in the Ohio legislature he was recognized as the leader of his party, and one of the best parliamentarians who ever had the honor of occupying a seat in that body. No man
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cver did more to bring forward and promote laws to govern the penal, corrective, and benevolent institutions of the State, and raise them to their present high standard than has "Scott of Warren," as our subject was familiarly known to legislature and people. He was also, during much of the long period of his service in the legislature, chairman of the finance committee of the house of representatives, and ex- hibited much ability in the management of the financial affairs of the State.
BRUSH, CHARLES FRANCIS, M. E., PH. D., Electrical Engineer, Cleveland. It has become almost a trite saying that the mental as well as the physical strength and power of a country is most likely to proceed from the farm; and it was amid the healthful, rural scenes of Euclid Township, in the invigorating Lake Erie air, that Charles F. Brush was born, March 17th, 1849, and grew to energetic boyhood. His parents were of old Eastern stock, and they gave their son a goodly bodily and mental her- itage for his start in the battle of life. The early days of Brush were spent on the farm, after which he entered the public schools, his parents taking particular advantage of the excellent school system at Cleveland, where much better opportunities were afforded than nearer his home. While quite young the natural bent of the mind of the future in- ventor began to manifest itself, and he devised experiments at home and at school that indicated his special taste and aptitude for chemistry, physics, and engineering. In chem- istry and natural philosophy, as indeed, in his other studies at school, young Brush was very proficient. In 1862, while aged but thirteen years, he made his first experiments with magnets and batteries, and while at the high-school, in 1864, he became much interested in the subject of microscopes and telescopes, making a number of them for himself and his companions. He constructed every part of tliese instru- ments, even to grinding the lenses. In the same year he devised a plan for turning gas on the street lamps, lighting it, and then turning it off again, by electricity. He also con- structed a number of induction coils and greatly amused himself and his school-mates by experiments with them. Throughout his school-days he was thus constantly working at one thing or another of a constructive character, and some of the inventions in electric lighting, which he afterward so fully developed, were the outgrowth of his early cogitations and experiments. Many of the associates of Mr. Brush's school-boy days remember interesting anecdotes of the youth at that period, and delight to recall them now that their old comrade has become so widely known. Having graduated in a four-years' course at the Cleveland High-school in two and one-half years, and continuing to show a fondness for physics and other studies of a similar nature, Mr. Brush en- tered the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, where he took up a course of study particularly suited to his tastes, and by diligent attention to his tasks he graduated as a Min- ing Engineer, in 1869, being one year in advance of his class. Returning to Cleveland from college, he organized a laboratory and conducted the business of an analytical chem- ist for about three years, becoming noted for the accuracy of his work and the skill displayed in his manipulations. Im- mediately after this he engaged in the iron business, in which he remained four years. He was married October 6th, 1875, to Miss Mary E. Morris, of Cleveland. In 1875 the atten- tion of Mr. Brush was especially called to the subject of
electric lighting, by experiments tried in Paris and London, and in a conversation with Mr. George W. Stockly, vice- president of the Telegraph Supply Company, the question came up as to whether there was not likely to be a demand for a dynamo machine of an entirely different construction and superior to the Gramme and Siemen's machines, the best then known. Since the times of Volta and Faraday, the problem of using electricity as a cheap and practical illumi- nator had engaged the attention of the best inventive talent in the world. Although many steps in the right direction were taken, the results that were demanded seemed as far distant as ever, until many of those best posted gave up, and de- clared success to be impossible. Two things had to be in- vented. First, a dynamo machine that could generate the proper amount and kind of electrical current for operating a number of lamps in a single circuit. Second, a lamp that could successfully work upon a circuit with a large number of other lamps, so that all would burn uniformly. These two things must be produced, and simplified to such a degree as to make electric light cheaper than large quantities of any other artificial illuminant. As a result of the conversation with Mr. Stockly, it was arranged that Mr. Brush should be afforded any facilities that he might need in the factory of the company at Cleveland, and if he produced such a ma- chine as was required, the Telegraph Supply Company would undertake its manufacture and introduction. Mr. Brush de- parted without making any pledges, and constructed his machine in private, at his leisure. It is quite probable that he had already pretty thoroughly worked out the problem in his mind. In less than two months from the time mentioned, Mr. Brush brouglit his machine to the factory on Champlain Street. It was set up in the shop, connected by wires to an old clockwork electric lamp with carbon points, and by a belt with the main shaft. The brushes were adjusted, the armature revolved, the current of electricity was generated, and the lamp gave forth its brilliant light. It was a com- plete and gratifying success. So perfect and complete was this first machine that it has never been out of order since, and is to-day, in 1884, a practical working machine in regu- lar use. Of course many mechanical and a few electrical changes in Bruslı machines have since been made, and the immense sixty-five light machine of the present, absorbing forty-five horse power, is not to be compared with the infant of three-hundred-candle power. But the invention was substan- tially completed and embodied in this first essay, and has not been departed from materially since. The machine having been obtained, now for the lamp! Mr. Brush and the Sup- ply Company hunted the country over, hoping possibly to secure a lamp that would be suitable, but none could be found. Mr. Brush believed that he could make a satisfac- tory commercial lamp as well as a practical machine, and he proceeded to his second task. This was accomplished within a few weeks. The lamp proved to be an invention almost equal to the machine itself, and as at present con- structed it is substantially the same in form and principle as the one first produced. Within a year of their commence- ment both machine and lamp were in working order and ready to be put upon the market. At this time Mr. Brush was less than twenty-eight years of age, but had achieved the beginning of the great success that the world now appre- ciates and enjoys. In the Winter of 1876-7 an arrangement was entered into between Mr. Brush and the Telegraph Supply Company, by which the latter obtained the sole and
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