USA > Pennsylvania > Berks County > Reading > History of Reading, Pennsylvania, and the anniversary proceedings of the sesqui-centennial, June 5-12, 1898 > Part 1
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SA EL S.FRY. FINANCE
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MEM-
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HARVEY J.FUELLER, CHRIS Y FUE
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SAML.D. DIBERT, RAILROADS ---- COM.
ISRAEL CLEAVER, M GAR .- MEDICAL Com.
DECORATION -COM.
HENRY M. KEIM, GHR. - WOMAN'S ... COM.
JOHN E.SPEARS, FIREMEN'S Com.
JOHN D. MISHLER, CHR. .... FINANCE
- COM/
JAMES P. SELLERS, PRESIDENT EXECUTIVE COM.
JACOB WEIDELMINTDR. CHR. CITY OFFICIALS ---- COM.
WM.H. LUDEN. CHR .~ FIRE WORKS --- COM.
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VAN ES W. YOCUM, MEM, FINANCE - GOM.
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HOWARD L.BOAS, . THOS. P. MERRITT- Executive COM.
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JEROME L.BOYER. CHR PIONEERS
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JOHN E.HARBSTER. GHR. INDUSTRIAL
DAVID MEM GREGG, CHR .- RECEPTION
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HARVEY E. HEINLY, MEM
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OFFICIAL PROGRAM + *GOM. T
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COLORS & MEDALS GOM.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND FINANCE COMMITTEE
OF THE SESQUI-CENTENNIAL OF READING, JUNE 5-12, 1898.
-COM.
-COM.
CHR.
AMOS K. KLINE, CHR.K
CHAS.S.PRISER,
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HARRY L.HOFFMAN. CARRIAGE -- GOM
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HITHER MORT.L.MONTEM -
JACOB CHR .-
IMEM.
1748-1898
HISTORY
-OF --
READING
PENNSYLVANIA
And the Anniversary Proceedings of the
SESQUI - ENTENNIAL
JUNE 5-12, 1898
UNPIANO
COMPILED BY MORTON L. MONTGOMERY FOR THE
1
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
READING, PA. TIMES BOOK PRINT 1898
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1898, by MORTON L. MONTGOMERY, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
CHARLES F. HELLER, BOOK BINDER.
PREFACE.
1149124
T HE Committee on History, appointed by the Executive Committee of the Sesqui-Centennial Anniversary of Reading for the compilation of a concise history, together with a brief sketch of all the industries of the place and of the pro- ceedings relating to the Anniversary, submit this volume as the result of their labors, after having given it their patient attention for more than six months. The undertaking was both difficult and laborious, and the reader will doubtless appreciate this as- sertion upon noting the numerous details and statistics in the several chapters of the volume. All the particulars had to be collected and systematically arranged by the compiler and sub- mitted by himto the Committee, and in doing so much persis- tent inquiry was necessary. They can not hope to have pub- lished with absolute correctness so many pages as this volume contains, embracing such a large collection of names, details and statistics, but they did the best they could under all the trying circumstances and they would ask the public to measure criticism accordingly.
Most of the manufacturers replied cheerfully to the circular issued for supplying data for the chapter relating to the indus- tries, and the remaining facts, wherever obtainable, were gathered from other sources. They had expected to present a statement, showing the total employees, wages, investment and production of Reading in 1897, in order to give the public a satisfactory idea of its extensive business relations, but they found this impracticable, and therefore that part of the under- taking had to be abandoned. However, sufficient information is published in the volume to indicate that Reading is indeed a great manufacturing centre, and that its productions have come to be shipped to all parts of the civilized world; and it is made apparent that this industrial situation has been the great means which effected the remarkable development of the place.
3
4
PREFACE.
There are over five hundred shops, factories, foundries and works at Reading which produce over two hundred kinds of articles varying in size and weight from a clip, a small fastening for a spectacle lens, to an enormous cotton press, and of these over three hundred are briefly described as to character and ownership. It is a matter for general congratulation that the direction of local enterprises by business men and capitalists has resulted in establishing industries so greatly diversified in character, and the wisdom of this course has been fully demon- strated by the prosperous condition of affairs here during the past several years in spite of the trying times and the discourag- ing state of trade elsewhere.
It may be mentioned that this is the first attempt at present- ing in a convenient form concise sketches and tabulated state- ments of the several industries of Reading in connection with its general history, and on this account the volume will be found of great value. The purpose of the Committee having been to supply the community with a complete and comprehen- sive book containing all the important facts relating to the founding and development of Reading, to the industrial estab- lishments which brought about that development, and to the proceedings of the Anniversary, they are now pleased to say that this purpose has been successfully accomplished.
The compiler, Morton L. Montgomery, Esq., who was recommended by the Committee on Statistics of the Board of Trade, and appointed by the Executive Committee of the Sesqui-Centennial, spared no efforts in the discharge of his duties to make this publication a valuable souvenir of the extra- ordinary occasion. The Committee on History are highly gratified at the result of his labors. They express the belief that all persons, who are interested in the local affairs of Read- ing, will be equally gratified after having become acquainted with the contents of the volume, and they will doubtless unite with the Committee in saying that the publication reflects not only the ability and industry of the compiler, but the public spirit of the Executive Committee and also the liberality and appreciation of the people in behalf of the Anniversary.
CALVIN K. WHITNER, Chairman of Committee on History.
Reading, July 8, 1898.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I .- HISTORY OF READING. PART I-TOWN, BOROUGH AND CITY.
TOWN, 1748-1783 :- First Occupants-Grant to Penn-First Patents -Town Laid Out-Lots Sold-County Seat-County Erected- Taxables of 1759-Town District Established-First Store-Public Buildings-Oldest Buildings-Educational Affairs-Nationality of Inhabitants-French and Indian War-Revolution-Nagle's Com- pany at Cambridge-Store-House for Supplies-Prominent Men. BOROUGH, 1783-1847 :- Borough Erected-Surrounding Towns- Stage Coach-Bridges-Public Buildings-Turnpikes-Canals- Railroad-Banks-Panic of 1837-Industrial Affairs-Water Com- pany-Lighting-Fire Companies-Newspapers-Churches and Schools-Street Names-Early Exhibitions-Distinguished Visi- tors-Liberty Poles of 1799-English War-Mexican War . . ..
9
18
CITY, 1847-1897 :- Review of Reading in 1847-Development of City by Decades from 1847 to 1897, mentioning the most important matters that occurred in the progress of Reading for fifty years- Civil War
PART II-INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
PUBLIC STRUCTURES :- Court House-Market Houses-County Prison-State House-Water Works-Public Roads-Streets-Lo- cation of City-Sewers-Ferries and Bridges-Schuylkill River- Freshets-Fire. Company Buildings-City Hall-Public Parks- Post Office-Cemeteries 34
PRIVATE ENTERPRISES OF A PUBLIC NATURE :- Turnpikes-Stage- Coaches-Canals-Steam Railroads-Street Railways-Mountain Railroads-Telegraph-Telephone-Gas Light-Electric Light and Power-Halls-Private Market Houses. . 44
PART III-CHURCHES, SCHOOLS AND NEWSPAPERS.
Churches-Schools-Early Education-Common School System- Private Schools-Newspapers and Periodicals 53
27
6.
CONTENTS.
PART IV-ASSOCIATIONS.
Military-Protective-Secret-Financial-Industrial-Literary-Pro- fessional-Musical, vocal and instrumental-Charitable-Re- ligious
60
PART V-GOVERNMENT.
Town, Borough and City-Wards-Officials for the City; for the Wards; for the Precincts-Board of Water Commissioners- Board of Health-Board of Common Commissioners-Board of Public Works-List of Burgesses and Mayors-State Representa- tives from City .
81
PART VI-CENSUS.
Getz Enumeration of 1847-Levan Enumeration of 1877-Compara- tive Statistics 1856, 1885, 1897-Assessment for 1898- Dwellings 1898-Census, 1790 to 1898-Mayor's Enumeration of 1898-Com- parative Statement of 1898-Population north and south of Penn street-Colored Population 87
CHAPTER II-INDUSTRIES.
PART I-EARLY EMPLOYMENTS.
Employments before 1783-Industrial Character-Early Traffic- Ware-house in 1826-Reading in 1840-Employments, Manufac- tories, Public Buildings and Enterprises . 91
PART II-DEVELOPMENT OF READING.
Status, 1783-1847- Status, 1847-1897-Surviving Business Men of 1847-Cause of Development 95
PART III-INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENTS.
Table of Industries, 1898- Description of Industries, treating the several kinds alphabetically . 100
PART IV-SITUATION OF READING IN 1898.
Important Improvements of a public and private nature described briefly-Table of miscellaneous employments arranged alphabeti- cally 208
CHAPTER III-SESQUI-CENTENNIAL.
PART I-ACTION OF BOARD OF TRADE.
Celebration of Sesqui-Centennial of Reading proposed and adopted, and Committee selected to make the necessary arrangements . . 217
7
CONTENTS.
PART II -PROCEEDINGS OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
Executive Committee -- Committees appointed-History of Reading authorized-Work of Committees-Official Design-Official Pro- gram 218
PART III-ANNIVERSARY PROCEEDINGS.
Religious Services and Sacred Concerts-Civic Parade-Signal Corps-Fireworks-School Parade- Preparation for Parade- Prize Flag-Illumination and Concert-Sesqui-Centennial Hymn -Firemen's Parade ·- Fire on Penn Square-Waynesboro Delega- tion-Industrial Parade-Cavalcade and Corso Parade-Bicycle Races-Bicycle Parade-Regatta and Serenata-Distinguished Visitors Entertained - Escutcheon and Flag-Reading Artillerists in Camp-Greetings from Reading, England-Report of Finance Committee
PART IV-BOARD OF TRADE AND READING OFFICIALS. Board of Trade, Officers, Committees and Members-Officials of Reading, elective and appointive, including all departments- School Board, Officers and Controllers-Post Office Officials and Employees 284
231
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Acme Bicycle Works. 108
Adler Building .
57
Bingaman Street Bridge .
42
Board of Trade Building 69
Boys' High School
56
Branch Bank Building 67
Brewery of P. Barbey & Son II7 Cavalcade and Corso, View of, 265
Charles Evans Cemetery En-
trance
44
City Hall .
84
Civic Parade, View of,
233
Consumers' Gas Co. Plant
152
County Prison 1770-1848
36
County Prison 1848-1898
36
Court House 1762-1840
35
Court House 1840-1898
35
Dibert Cigar Factory
132
Dives, Pomeroy & Stewart's
Store
144
Early Roads from Reading
38
Executive Committee, Por-
traits of,
Frontispiece
Federal Inn
15
Firemen's Parade, View of, .
254
Fire on Penn Square, View of, 257
First Patents, Draft of,
IO
First Public School House . .
56
First School House at Reading 54
First Store at Reading
I4
Girls' High School
56
Heller's Book Bindery
II2
Homœopathic Hospital
78
Industrial Parade, View of,
258
Leinbach & Bro. Building .
136
Masonic Temple
63
McKnight, Capt. James, Por-
trait of, .
33
Metropolitan Elec. Co. Plant 148 Montello Clay & Brick Works 121 Mould, J., & Co., Store, . 147 Mt. Penn Stove Works 174
Mt. Penn Tower
48
National Brass and Iron
Works
115
Official Design for Envelopes 228
Penn Hardware Works
167
Penn Street Bridge
41
Penna. Sch. Val. R. R. Station
46
Penna Telephone Building 50
Post Office Building . 43 P. & R. R. Union Station 162 Reading Academy, 1838-1853 55 Reading and Vicinity, Map of, Rear of Book Reading Cold Storage Plant 137 Reading Eagle Building . 58 Reading Hardware Works . 165
Reading Hospital .
76
Reading Knitting Mills
140
Reading Library
70
Reading Standard Mf'g Co. 109
Reading Stove Works .
I72
Reservoir, View of, looking
North,
39
Reservoir, View of, looking
South,
39
Schofer, Henry, Bakery,
104
School Parade, View of,
240
Soldiers' Monument
65
State House-County Offi-
ces .
37
Steam Fire Engine
61
Times and Journal Building .
58
Town Plan, 1748
II
Whitner, C. K., & Co., Store, 146
HISTORY OF READING.
CHAPTER I.
PART I .- TOWN 1748 TO 1783.
First Occupants .- The Indians were the first occupants of this territory. They were called the Minsi, who constituted one of the tribes of the nation which was known as the Lenni Lenape. It is not known that other occupants preceded them, for no evidences of any kind have been found to prove a pre- vious possession. When they first migrated here, has not been ascertained. It is supposed they came here from the North and West.
Grant to Penn .- The English came to own the territory by conquest from the Dutch in 1664, and King Charles II in 1681 granted the Province of Pennsylvania to William Penn in satis- faction of a debt due to his deceased father Admiral Penn for meritorious services. Notwithstanding this grant, William Penn recognized the claim of the Indians to the land, and there- fore obtained their release. He died in 1718, possessed of this section, and devised it to his children.
First Patents .- In the general desire to dispose of lands in this section, the Penns directed surveys to be made and patents issued, which will appear by the following statement:
I. Richard Hockley, tract for 1150 acres; survey, February 19, 1733.
2. Thomas Lawrence, tract for 300 acres ; survey, March 19, 1733; patent, October 27, 1733.
3. Thomas Lawrence, tract for 13772 acres ; survey, April 22, 1738; patent, February 16, 1739.
4. Samuel Finney, tract for 150 acres ; survey, February 19, 1733.
5. Proprietary land, tract for 126 acres ; survey, July 3, 1741.
6. Part of tract I; on which lots were laid out, afterward called "Hockley Out-lots."
The tract for 1150 acres adjoined the river and extended from a line now occupied by Hockley and Woodward streets to
IO
HISTORY OF READING.
a line beyond the Charles Evans Cemetery, occupied by what was known for many years as Hiester's Lane.
Some years after these patents had issued, about 1740, N 70 E while efforts were being made to 191 PS. 120 172 erect a county, (Berks) the Penns conceived the idea of laying out a town at this point, S 20 220 but finding that the land had 3 E been sold, they endeavored to 1 77147ANH35 21 FORD RIVER re-purchase it. Lawrence, how- 364 ever, declined to re-sell his two 174 6 tracts. Their agent then inves- 100 tigated the matter, and on Sep- 40 - 207 120 80 N tember 28, 1743, addressed a 5 . 100 34 106 letter to them in reference to the S 20 E proposed "Town of Reading." N 70 E This is the first mention of a 310 town at this place. In 1745, A 28 6 96 220 lots were laid out on part 6, and DRAFT OF FIRST PATENTS. this action induced Lawrence to 268 re-convey his tracts.
Town Laid Out .- During the Fall of 1748, Penn's two sons, Thomas and Richard, caused a town to be laid out by Nicholas Scull, their surveyor general, on the land adjoining the Schuylkill, (Lawrence tract, ) at the "Ford," in the road that extended from the Tulpehocken? settlements to Philadel- phia. It was named Reading, after the county town in Berkshire, England.
The town plan comprised 520 lots, and 204 out-lots, num- bered consecutively. The lots between the river and King (3rd) street were laid out in 1776. The double line through these lots, on the accompanying plan, indicates the canal which extended through that section of the town from 1822 to 1834.
At that time there was not a town, not even a village in all the surrounding territory for many miles. The nearest town was Lebanon, 28 miles to the west, which had been laid out in 1740 ; and the next was Lancaster, 33 miles to the southwest, which had been laid out in 1728.
Lots Sold .- Penn's sons then appointed Conrad Weiser, Francis Parvin and William Hartley as commissioners to sell
delphia on March 11, 1752, erecting Berks county. At that
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TOWN PLAN.
the lots, and on June 15, 1749, they sold a large number of them. In 1751, 1752, 1753 and 1754 patents were issued for
ditions of sale were complied with, there were in the town by the year 1755, at least 200 dwellings and 1000 in- habitants.
stables and to a County Seat .- By petition, presented the Assembly at Phila- delphia on February 4, 1752, in behalf of the erection of a new county (Berks), it appears that Reading then contained I 30 dwelling houses, be- sides 41
other out-houses ; 160 families which consisted
of 378 persons. It is known that there were three churches in the town at that time, Luth- Reformed and
Friends, all erected in
eran, 1751.
County Erected .- While the lots were be- ing sold and houses erected, and the town forming, earnest
and
was
successful .steps
were taken to establish a county with Reading as the county seat, and an Act was passed by the Assembly at Phila-
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TOWN PLAN-1748.
BRIDGE
REAT
KING
CLEMEN
LORD
VIGOUR
3 547
STREET
T
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280
CALLOWHILL STREET.
290
321
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NORTH CALLOWHILL STREET.
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432
416
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I2
HISTORY OF READING.
time there were six other counties in Pennsylvania, and in Berks county there were twenty townships, twelve east of the Schuylkill with Philadelphia as the county seat, and eight west with Lancaster as the county seat. The population was about 12,000 as near as it can be estimated, which was located almost entirely south of the Blue mountains. The early settlers were Swedes, Germans, English and Welsh ; the first named being situated in Amity township (south-eastern section), the second in all parts of the county excepting Robeson and Caernarvon, the third in Oley, Exeter, Maidencreek and Richmond (in the central section), and the last in Brecknock, Caernarvon, Cumru and Robeson (southern section.)
Taxables of 1759 .- In 1759, there were 269 taxables in Read- ing, whose names were as follows :
Benezet, Daniel
Diehm, Thomas
Fichthorn, Andrew
Bright, Michael
Dehaven, Edward
Fasig, Ph. Jacob
Bird, William
Debler, Melchior
Geissler, George
Biddle, James
Dorff, Samuel
Gibson, Francis
Bishoff, John
Depoy, Widow
Garrett, Henry
Bucher, Jacob
Deible, George
Geiger, John
Bernhisel, John
Dengler, John
Geiger, Adam
Barret. Joseph
Dorst, Paul
Gross, John
Burkhardt, Jacob
Dick, Nicholas
Graff, William
Buckman, Matthias
Diel, George
Gerst, Henry
Boyer, Christopher
Evans, Amos
Gosler, Henry,
Becktold, John
Engel, Andrew
Gotschall, Nicholas
Baum, Peter
Ege, Adam
Haga, Wolfgang
Bernhard. George
Ermel, William
Hause, Peter
Balde, Jacob
Early, John
Hottenstein, William
Brendlinger, Joseph
Eissenbice, John
Bower, Conrad
Ege, Martin
Henry, John Hause, Peter
Brosius, Abraham
Eplar, Adam
Henderson, David
Brown Conrad
Earman, William
Henig, Balthaser
Bridenbach, Philip
Feather, Peter
Creek, Francis
Fisher, Jacob
Heiner, Krafft Huth, Samuel Holdzader, Peter
Cluse, William Dalman, William
Frick, William
Daum, George
Fix, Lawrence
Diehm, Jacob
Fass, Adam
Diehm, Adam
Feagle, Matthias
Dick, Jacob
Fricker, Anthony Fichthorn, Michael
Hauck, Joseph
Drury, Edward
Fetter, Michael
Heinlein, Matthias Haag, Michael
Diehm, Peter
Fisher, Dorst
Hartman, John Hollig, Barbara Hugh, Owen Hughes, John
Hiddings, William
Degenhardt, Henry
Fox, Adam
I3
TAXABLES.
Leibrook, Jacob
Lutz, Jacob
Lehman, Christopher
Loch, Peter
Meyerly, David Martin, Eberhard Moyer, Jacob
Morgan, Francis
Meng, Melchior
Rapp, Peter Rush, Michael, Jr.
Jacob, John
Messersmith, Val'tine
Sammet, Christian Sweitzer, John Smith, Christopher
Jung, Martin Jung, Isaac Jacobs, Israel Joh, George
Maurer, Ernst
Kuhn, Adam
Megly, Jacob
Koch, William
Meyerly, Balthaser
Kerper, Abraham
Mergen, John
Shower, Michael Schultz, Samuel Smith, Peter
Kern, Jacob Kline, Peter
Milleisen, Christopher
Seister, Michael Snyder, Jacob
Kerper, Julius
Marckle Christian
Stichter, Conrad
Kendel, Catharine
Neidly, Nicholas
Stedman, Alexander
Klinger, Philip
Neidly, Christopher
Newhardt, Conrad
Shapport, Nicholas Schultz, George Sowerbry, Widow
Koch, Johannes
Nagle, Simon Nagle, Philip
Strohacker, Gottlieb Smith, Philip
Krimler, Henry
Pearson, Benjamin
Shaaber, Andrew
Kemrer, Agath
Philipi, John
Snider, Henry
Klinder, Conrad
Perlet, Paul
Seiler, Philip
Klinger, Alexander
Perlet, Prederick
Keiser, Jacob
Price, Evan
Shorp, John Shop, Gabriel Shreck, David
Keim, Nicholas Kortz, John
Read, James, Esq
Rush, Michael
Spatz, Lawrence
Krauser, Sebastian
Riehm, Edward
Spatz, Michael
Krafft, Martin
Reitmoyer, Henry
Sleagle, Adam
Kost, Martin Kurrer, Adam Daniel
Rice, Michael Reiffle, Adam
Reasor, William Reiff, Peter
Rule, Henry
Sump, George
Smith, Abraham
Riehm, George
Riehm, John, Sr Reiff, Conrad
Roreboust, Bernhard Rabbold, Jacob Rose, Everhardt Reitmoyer, Michael
Reitner, Joseph Reese, Josiah
Morgan, Jacob
Marx, William
Rieser, Jacob, Jr.
Jäger, Jacob
Miller, Andreas
Moritz, Nicholas
Meyer, Matthias
Shomon, Joseph
Miller, Frederick
Springer, George Shrite, John Spang, Lenhart
Miller, William
Kiney, Christian
Marsteller, Henry
Koch, Adam Klinger, Peter
Kerber, Valentine
Parvin, Francis
Sprincker, Philip Senger, Henry Sassamanhousen, H. Seitzinger, Nicholas Salsgaber, Andreas
Kepner, Joachim Lincoln, Thomas Lesher, John Lapler, Lorentz Lebo, Paul Levan, Isaac
Rhine, David Ruth, Peter
Suder, Barbara
Heist, George Hillegas, Michael Heyman, Moses Hahn, Henry Hitner, George Hausihl, Michael Hetler, Jacob Hart, Philip Handshoe, George Imler, Ludwig Jack, George
1
I4
HISTORY OF READING.
Witman, Adam
Whitehead, James
Witman, Ludwig
Wolf, Henry
Wicks, Christian
Witman, Christopher
Weiser, Peter
Weiser, Conrad
Wickersham, Isaac
Wirtenberger, George
Williamson, James
Wenrick, Francis Weis, Philip
Wunder, George
Witman, John
Zinn, Frederick
Barger, Thomas
Lebo, Isaac
Sheirer, Adam
Hartley. Richard
Lightfoot, Benjamin
Spindler, Lorentz
Jackson, Samuel
May, Thomas
Sowermilk, John
Josephson. Myer
Nathan, Lyon
Starr, James
Kemrer, Matthias
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