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AMER
F 158.2 P54 1806
LIBRARY
OF THE .
PHILADELPHIA
MUSEUM
OF
ART
GIFT OF THE FREE LIBRARY
THE
1
Philadelphia Directory
FOR
1806,
CONTAINING
THE NAMES, TRADES, AND RESIDENCE
OF THE
INHABITANTS®
OF THE
CITY, SOUTHWARK, AND NORTHERN LIBERTIES.
TO WHICH IS ADDED,
2 Calendar,
From the 1st of February 1806 to the 1st of February 1807.
BY JAMES ROBINSON.
PRINTED FOR THE PUBLISHER.
The following Sketch, publishedkin the Directory of 1804, is republished (by request) agreeable to its present state.
TO WHICH IS ADDED,
The Number of Buildings fronting the Principal Streets, Lunes and Ailleys, in the City and Suburbs.
A BRIEF SKETCH
OF THE
ORIGIN AND PRESENT STATE OF
THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA.
P HILADELPHIA is the capital of Pennsylvania, and the chief city of the United States, in point of size and splendour; though it now fills but the second rank in respect to commercial importance: the trade of America having latterly flowed inore freely into the open channels of the bay of New York. It must also yield metropolitan precedence to the doubtful policy of a Seat of Government far removed from the centre of wealth and population, the pendulum of national activity, which must long vibrate (perhaps for ever) between Baltimore, Phi- ladelphia, and New York; a chain of commercial cities, whose vigorous impulse is already accelerated by the bold ramification of turnpikes and canals.
Philadelphia is situated about 40 degrees north of the equator, and 75 west of London; being in the same pa- rallel of latitude with Spain, Italy, and Greece; climates whose happy temperature had already indicated for Penn- sylvania a milder winter, before the original frosts of November and December, by which the first adventurer's were sometimes frozen up in the Delaware, had evidently yielded to the qualifying effects of exposing the surface of the earth to the rays of the sun.
Its founder, the benevolent and pacific William Penn, denominated it PHILADELPHIA, or the city of BROTHERLY LOVE, from a town in ancient Greece, so named in ho- nour of the fraternal attachment of Attalus and Eume-
A BRIEF SKETCH
nes; and afterwards famous in the Christian world, for one of the Seven Churches to which St. John addressed his prophetic visions-A name methinks of auspicious omen: " Behold, (says the inspired Apostle to the An- gel of the church in Philadelphia) I have set before thee an open door, and no man can shut it." Religious li- berty is here a chartered right, the policy, as well as the equity of which, to say nothing of its consistency with the spirit of that religion which breathes peace on earth, and good will to men, is happily confirmed in these lat- ter ages of the church, by the harmony and fellowship in which the various Professors of the modern Philadel- phia so peculiarly fraternize.
PENN had been concerned in the settlement of New- Jersey, some years before he obtained from Charles II, a grant of the territory on the western side of the Dela- ware. The Dutch and Swedes were then numerous at Upland (now Chester), at Newcastle, and at the Hærkils (now Lewis-Town), and a number of his brethren in re- ligious profession, had already established themselves at Shackamaxon (now Kensington, a suburb of Philadel- phia) in the year 1678; when a ship, called the Shield of Stockton, the first that had ever ventured to sail so high up the river, in tacking about, ran her bowsprit among the trees which lined the shore where the city now stands; and the New Comers on board, bound for Burlington, then remarked to each other, that it would be a fine place for a town.
"The royal grant passed the great seal on the 4th of March, 1681; and in August the following year, the ve- nerable Legislator of Pennsylvania set sail from London in the ship Welcome, captain Greenway.
The proprietor was accompanied by a hundred of his friends and fellow professors, contemptuously called Quakers, by their haughty countrymen, because, in their religious meetings, like the Faithful of every age, they sometimes trembled at the word of God.
A prosperous gale wafted the Patriarchs of Pennsyl- vania, in six weeks, to the friendly coast of America; and the Proprietary landed at Newcastle, on the 21th of
OF PHILADELPHIA
October, under the acclamations of the Dutch settlers, who accompanied him to Upland, the principal Swedish settlement, where he collected an assembly of all the freemen of the province, by whom his jurisdiction was unanimously recognised and confirmed.
It was here that the Father of his country made a treaty with the harmless Natives, which was to last, in the figurative style of those nervous Aborigines, who have since been so grossly misrepresented by European theorists, as long as the trees should grow, or the waters run .- A treaty that was faithfully observed by both par- ties (let the potentates of Europe blush) through a happy period of 80 successive years; and that has since been consigned to historic immortality by the patriotic pencil of a descendant of one of the peaceful assistants, now the first painter of the age .*
The founder of Pennsylvania was not long in fixing- upon a situation that seemed prepared by nature, per- haps by Providence, for the sudden growth of his future capital. The spot was then covered with timber, its foundation was a stratum of potter's clay, the harbour furnished a bed of sand, the nearest hills contained quar- ries of stone, the vicinity yielded limestone and marble, and the penetration of intelligent observers, discovered mines of coal and iron, upon the navigable branches of the Delaware, long before the new settlement afforded hands to work them.
It is an extensive plain, five miles above the confluence of two navigable rivers, the Delaware and the Schuyl- kill; the former though 120 miles from the sea, being there a mile in breadth, and deep enough for vessels of - 1200 tons; the latter half as wide as the Thames at London, being also navigable as high as the scite of the town.
Some families of Swedes and Fins had obtained by settlement, the right of possession. They willingly sold or exchanged their claim; and by the end of the year
* Benjamin West, President of the Royal Academy of Lon- don.
A BRIEF SKETCH
1682, the ground plot of the future city was regularly laid out. Nine streets two miles in length, run east and west, from river to river, and twenty-three of a mile, in- tersect them at right angles, from north to south. None of these are less than fifty feet wide, and they distribute the plan into squares, the interior of which was design- ed for yards and gardens. Two main streets of a hun- dred feet wide, cross each other in the centre, and form a public square, of which four more were laid out in the different quarters of the city; and a range of houses for the principal inhabitants was intended to open upon the water, in the same manner of the celebrated Bomb Quai at Rotterdam; for which purpose the warehouses, &c. along the river, were intended to have been kept from rising above the bank. But cupidity (perhaps conve- nience) has crowded the platforms between the streets with narrow alleys; the public squares, except that only in the centre, have been otherwise appropriated, and the bank of the river has been built up with a row of houses that now intercept, from the city, the intended view of the port.
· Four score houses and cottages were erected within the year, one of which has lately been occupied as a ta- vern, the sign of the Boatswain and Call, at the corner of Front and Dock streets, and another that was the city residence of William Penn, is yet standing in Black-horse alley, directly back of Lætitia court, which was so named from one of the daughters of the Proprietary. Opposite to the latter, in the middle of Market street, there stood for many years a monument of primitive simplicity, a wooden jail that was seldom inhabited by any body but the jailor.
The first child born in the new city, by name John Key, lived to his 85th year; one Edivard Drinker, who was born in a cave under the bank of Delaware, survived till the Declaration of Independence, when the capital of the United States, was estimated to contain six thousand houses, and forty thousand people ; and there is a widow lady yet living, whose mother arrived from England when there were but three houses in Philadelphia.
.
OF PHILADELPHIA.
The State house or Town hall, a substantial edifice of 200 feet front including the wings, was erected within half a century after the woods were cleared away from its scite; the first Episcopal church was soon afterward ornamented with a steeple that may vie in point of ele- gance, with any spire in Europe; and, while Pennsyl- vania was still a dependent colony, scarcely distinguished on the other side of the Atlantic among twelve adjacent provinces of the British empire in America, a new pri- son was erected, sufficiently capacious for the future in- troduction of the philanthropic .reform that has since converted our jails into manufactories, and our criminals into manufacturers.
During the revolutionary war, the capital of the strug- gling colonies remained stationary, or rather retrogaded, under the occupation of the Royal army, by whom how- ever, the houses were first numbered, and a floating bridge was thrown across the Schuylkill.
The western improvements then scarcely extended half a mile from the Delaware, and it was a country walk for the citizens to go to the Hospital, the Swedes church, or the ship-yards at Kensington.
E
Since the revolution, so happily terminated by the In- dependence of the United States, under the disinterested co-operation of a Franklin, in counsel, a Morris, in fi- nance, and a Washington, in the field, Philadelphia has increased with astonishing rapidity, notwithstanding the ravages of a mortal fever, introduced from the pestilen- tial atmosphere of the western Archipelago, where it has been excited to unusual virulence by the civil wars of St. Domingo.
A superb edifice of the Corinthian order, with a ma- jestic portico of six fluted columns of white marble, was then building for the reception of the Bank of the Uni- ted States, a vigorous offspring of the Federal Constitu- tion, that had been framed in 1788, and was organized in the following year, by the patriotic Washington, on being voluntarily ratified by two-thirds of the Thirteen Independent States, which then formed the American Union. Thus exhibiting to the expecting world, a first
A BRIEF SKETCHI
example of a great Nation reforming a defective system of government, without unsheathing the sword.
The City has since been beautified with an elegant structure, executed in white marble, from the design of an Ionick Temple, for the offices of the Bank of Penn- sylvania; and the intersection of the two principal streets is now occupied by a round Tower, for the reception and distribution of the Schuylkill water, raised by machinery to a level of thirty or forty feet above the highest ground in the city.
The streets of Philadelphia are paved with pebble stones, and bordered with ample footways, raised one foot above the carriage way, for the ease and safety of passengers. They are kept cleaner than those of any - city in Europe, excepting the towns of Holland, where trade is carried on by canals; and London is the only capital in the world that is better lighted at night. Ma- ny of the new streets have been latterly planted with poplars, whose rapid growth, and spiral form, peculiarly adapt them to shade the avenues of a city. Their intro- duction has already given to some sections the air of Public Walks, for the ornament of which nothing is wanting but Fountains and Statuary : particularly in some parts of Arch, Market and Chesnut streets; but especially in Walnut street from sixth to eighth, in front of Sansom Row; where a handsome walk 33 feet wide exclusive of the width of the street, is beautifully laid out with four rows of Lombardies, interspersed with drooping willows, forming the finest public promenade within the built parts of the City.
The private buildings are generally three stories high : They are built of a clear red brick, and ornamented in the new streets with facings, key stones, and flights of steps, in white marble.
Ever since the operation of the Federal Constitution, four or five hundred houses have been annually erected, no small proportion of which (it is said, not less than two hundred) have been built, or caused to be built, by a single Citizen,* whose well laid plans have greatly im-
* William Sansom, Esq.
OF PHILADELPHIA.
proved the Town, particularly in Walnut street; in San- som street, the first that has been built in America with strict attention to uniformity ; and in Second street, where it crossed a morass that had long formed an inconvenient separation between the City and the Northern Suburbs.
Philadelphia, including Southwark and the Northern Liberties, now extends near three miles along the Dela- ware, and about a mile east and west ; and is supposed to contain thirteen thousand houses and eighty thousand people.
There are in it upwards of thirty churches or meet- ing houses, in which the various denominations of Be- lievers perform the homage of public worship, to the common Father of Mankind, according to their peculiar forms and persuasions, under the happy system of to- leration, secured to all professions, without a legal es- tablishment for any.
Three large Meeting houses have lately been added to different parts of -the City, and stone piers have been erected in the river Schuylkill, over which is thereon a beautiful structure of wood, forming a Bridge of three arches, whose gigantic span would have been thought impracticable in Europe, long after the first settlement of Pennsylvania .- The space of the centre arch is about 200 feet and the other two 150 feet each.
The market of Philadelphia for beef, veal, and mut- ton, is second only to that of Leadenhall; and its pork, poultry and game, are not inferior to those of the finest climates in the world: though it is excelled by New- York in the articles of fish and fruit.
The City was first incorporated in 1701, before which period it was called the town of Philadelphia; but the Corporation was self elective, and not accountable to the Citizens, according to the exclusive systems of the Mo- ther Country.
On the late auspicious Revolution, this Charter was annulled, and its powers were variously distributed, un- til in 1789, a Corporation was again regularly organized, by charter, constituting a Mayor, Recorder, fifteen Al-
A BRIEF SKETCH
dermen, a Common Council, &c. The latter to be an: nually chosen by the taxable inhabitants.
The public Institutions of Philadelphia, are peculiarly numerous and beneficial .-- They include a University, as well as a competent number of public, private and free Schools, a Philosophical Society, a Museum, a pub- lic Library, a Hospital, a Dispensary, one public and two private Almshouses, a College of Physicians, So- cieties for promoting Agriculture, for the encourage- ment of Arts and Manufactures, for the Abolition of Negro Slavery (a stain of Colonial dependance that still tarnishes the fair escutcheon of American freedom) and for alleviating the miseries of Public prisons, to whose benevolent exertions is chiefly owing the improvement of the penal code, and the present safety of the inhabi- tant from the depredations of the unprincipled part of the community.
Besides these benevolent Associations, there are now in Philadelphia, four chartered Banks, six marine In- surance Companies, two for insuring against fire, and forty-one Printing offices, seven of which puplish daily papers, that are in a few days circulated, from Georgia to New-Hampshire, by means of the Post-office, which originated in 1775, in the then capital of the British Co- .. lonies, under the auspices of the venerable Franklin, so long the benefactor of his country. ,
The Mint of the United States is still kept at Phila- delphia; a Type Foundery has been long established, and printing, coachmaking, cabinet work, and shipbuild- ing, are carried to a degree of perfection unrivalled in America, and little excelled in Europe. But the staple commodity of Philadelphia is flour, of which 400,000 bar- rels have been exported in a year.
Such is the salubrity of the air of Philadelphia, that the births annually exceed the deaths in the proportion of five to three; yet the excessive heat of the summer months, during which the thermometer may be averaged at 72, and sometimes rises to 93, is so nearly allied to the atmosphere of the burning zone, as readily to re- ceive and propagate the Yellow Fever of the West In-
OF PHILADELPHIA.
dies, of late so frequently introduced into the United States, through perpetual intercourse, feebly restrained by the inadequate operations of local and temporary health laws.
Within the memory of a gentleman of observation, there were but three coaches kept by all the gentry of Philadelphia ; not more than two, or at most three ships arrived once a year with the unrivalled manufactures of Britain; nor were petty sloops fitted out to exchange American flour for West India produce but in shares of one third, one sixth, or even one twelfth, by the then principal Merchants of the place. Without exceeding the bounds of ordinary longevity, he has lived to see twelve or fifteen hundred sail annually expedited for every quarter of the Globe, of which fifteen or twenty double the southern Promontory of Africa, and explore the Antipodes for the most costly productions of the East; while at home three hundred coaches occasionally display the ease of opulence, or the elegance of luxury.
Such an increase of wealth and splendor, within the recollection of a single life, admits of but one compari- son in the history of the World; and, if the capital of Russia may justly boast superior numbers, and a more recent origin, Petersburgh has been created among the marshes of the Neva by a succession of absolute princes, commanding the resources of a mighty empire ; while Philadelphia, at first only the chief town of a dependent colony, and now no more than the capital of a single province of an infant Nation, has risen upon the banks of the Delaware, from the liberal institutes of a PRIVATE Founder, seconded only by the energy of principle, and the efforts of intelligence, to a distinguished rank among the capitals of Nations.
ACCOUNT OF BUILDINGS
ERECTED IN PHILADELPHIA IN 1802, 1803, & 1804,
By actual enumeration.
STREETS RUNNING EAST AND WEST.
1802.
1803.
1104.
Br. Fr. Br. Fr. Br. Fr.
Callowhill street, 1
4
8
6
1
2
Vine
2
0
3
1
1
2
Sassafras
6
0
4
0
6
0
Mulberry
3
0
7
1
10
0
Cherry
4
0
5
0
6
0
Filbert
3
1
3
0
2
0
Church alley
4
0
0
0
4
0
High
8
3
2
2
9
1
Chesnut
27
5
11
0
12
0
Sansom
12
0
22
0
9
0
George
0
0
0
0
1
0
Norris's alley
6
0
0
0
0
0
Walnut
13
0
9
0
8
0
Prune
0
0
3
0
5
0
Locust
6
2
9
6
1
0
Spruce
19
2
9
0
12
2
Union
5
0
2
0
3
0
Pine
14
3
10
1
5
0
Lombard
5
9
6
3
6
0
Gaskill
6
0
4
0
3
0
Cedar
0
0
4
0
1
0
144 29
121 20
105
8
STREETS RUNNING NORTH AND SOUTH.
1302. Br. Fr.
1803. Br. Fr.
1804.
Br. Fr.
Water street,
4
0
3
0
3 0
Front
3
0
4 0
0 0
Second
7
0
8
0
2 0
Third
4
0
1
0
2
0
Fourth
8
0
10
0
3
0
Fifth
16
0
4
0
4
0
Sixth
11
0
12
0
5
2
Seventh
10
0
14
1
1
2
Eighth
6
0
10
0
1
2
Ninth
13
0
8
0
6
0
Tenth
6
9
2
1
2
1
Eleventh
4
1
2
2
1
2
Twelfth
3
1
10
0
5
0
Bank
5
0
0
0
0
0
Brannen's alley
6
0
0
0
0
0
North and South streets, 106 11
88
4
45
9
Eeast and west streets,
144 29
121 20
105
8
250 -40
209 24
150 17
City west of Twelfth st.
6 15
15 20
16 10
Northern Liberties to 2
59 53
44 35
26 34
Southwark,
23 18
15 23
12
8
BRICK
338 0
283 0
204
0
FRAME
126 0
102 0
69
0
TOTAL,
464
0
385 0
273
0
In 1802, there were four hundred and sixty-four; in 1803, three hundred and eighty-five; in 1804, two hundred and se- venty-three dwelling houses erected in the city and liberties ; and, during those three years, there were also erected, six buildings for worship; and a number of warehouses, not in- cluded in the foregoing enumeration.
B
1
the first mile stone,
NUMBER OF BUILDINGS,
FRONTING THE FOLLOWING
STREETS, LANES, AND ALLEYS.
Streets, &'c.
Buildings
Streets, &'c.
Buildings
LMOND st ....
55
Appletree alley
26
Carpenters st.
6
Artillery lane
37
Catherine st.
89
Bailly's court
4
Carlyles alley 5
Ball alley
11
Carters alley
29
Bank st.
14
Chancery lane
9
Bakers alley
4
Cherry st.
159
Becks alley
17
Chesnut st.
245
Bearstickers court
4.
Cedar st.
218
Biddles alley
8
Church alley
31
Burds alley
7
8 Clover alley . 11
Boltons court
7
Coates court
7
Branch st.
27
Coates alley
22
Brown st.
83
Crab st.
.
15
Brookes court
6
Cressons alley
23
Brookes alley
9
Crown st.
45
Becks st.
25
Cypress alley
10
Branners alley
7 Carters alley 52
Blackberry alley 23
Coxes alley
5
Bradfords alley
7
Centre alley
5
Budd st.
73
Dock st. .
73
Broad st. N.
14
Drinkers court
6
Broad st. S.
17
Drinkers alley
5
Cable lane
47
Deans alley
13
Cauffmans court
4 Elfreiths alley 30
Charles st.
13
Lighth st. N.
159
Charlotte st.
31
Equality court
16
Callowhill st.
287
Eighth st. S.
69.
Christian st.
130
Blackhorse alley
6 Coates st. 109
Brittons alley
Coombs alley
19
Brewers alley
29
Carpenters st. (S.)
9
A BRIEF SKETCH
Streets, Fc.
Buildings
Streets, &c. Buildings
Hunters court 8
Juniper lane
18
Emlens alley .
3
Juniper alley
9
Juniper st. N.
23
Juniper st. S. 14
Eleventh st. S.
35
James st. 15
Elbow lane
6
Keys alley 18
Knights court
14
Farmers row
4
Kunckle st.
17
Fayette st.
16
Lætitia court
13
Filbert st. .
48
Laurel st.
6
Fearis court
8
Leechs court
4
Fifth st. N.
156
Lees court 8
Fifth st. S.
183
Liberty alley 7
Fitzwalter st.
23
Lodge st.
8
Fullers alley
7
. Lilly alley
.
19
Fourth st. N.
204
Little Oak st. 15
Fourth st. S.
305
Little Dock st.
4
Franklin court
1
Locust st.
73
Frombergers court
12
Logan st.
Lombard st.
205
Loxleys alley
4
Loxleys court
6
Gaskill st.
49
Laurence st.
25
M.Culloughs court 9
Margaretta st. 14
Market lane
15
Mary st ..
31
Grays alley
17
Matlacks court
3
Meade alley 37
Miniins alley
7
Mifflins court
5
Moravian alley
25
Grisels alley
10
Mulberry st.
307
Garrigues court 5 Mulberry court 5
Harmony court
4
Minor st.
9
Hartungs alley
4
Hoffmans alley
15
Hurst st.
24
High st.
369
New st. 53
Nicholsons court
7
Ninth st. S.
37
Ninth st. N.
73
49
Front st. N.
437
Front st. S.
476
Garden st.
19
George st.
41
German st.
8 %.
Gilasses alley
23
Goddards alley
5
Grindstone alley 3
Goforth alley .
6
Greenleafs court
9
Green st.
95
Elizabeth st. 25
Elmsleys alley 11
Emlens court
8
Eleventh st. N.
39
Farmers alley
27
OF PHILADELPHIA.
Streets, &c.
Buildings
Streets, &c.
Buildings
Noble st. 33
Seventh st. N. 86
Norris alley 12
Shepherds court 5
North alley
31
Schrivers court
15
Oak st. (N. L.)
41
Simmonds court 4
Cak st. (S.)
15
Sims alley .
3
Orange st.
2
Seventh st. (Little) 8
Pine st.
153
Sweeds alley
13
Penn st.
76
Sansom st. 37
Pine alley
12
Shippen st. 162
Parrams alley
19
Sixth st. S.
1.63
Passyunk road
88
Sixth st. N.
134
Pattons court
5
Small st. . 31
Pearsons court
7
Smiths court 10
Peggs st.
5
Spafford st.
19
Pembertons alley
3
Spruce st.
193
Pewterplatter alley . 28
Stampers alley
13
Pfeiffers alley
7
Stalls court
12
Plum st.
114
Starr alley .
11
Poplar lane
29
Sterling alley
11
Powell st.
19
Strawberry st.
44
Prime st.
39
Steinmetzs court
4
Prospect alley
8
St. Georges st.
31
Prune st.
33
St. Marys st.
51
Quarry st.
13
St. Tammany st.
19
Queen st.
53
5
Summers court
7
Randolphs court
4
Swanson st.
166
Taper alley
15
Relief alley
4
Taylors alley
5
Richardsons court
3
Rose alley .
25
Rasberry alley
11
Sassafras st.
416
Schievelys alley
12
Says alley
9
Sassafras alley
25
Second st. S. .
423
Second st. N.
489
Seventh st. S.
57
Third st. S.
250
Thirteenth st. N.
23
Thirteenth st. S.
19
Twelfth st. N.
17
Twelfth st. S.
17
Turners alley
5
Union st.
79
Reads alley
Relief st.
6
Tenth st. N.
39
Tenth st. S.
34
Third st. N.
437
St. Johns st.
145
Pear st.
17
South alley
15
A BRIEF SKETCH, &c.
Streets, &c. Buildings
Streets, &c. Buildings
Umon alley
8
Wells alley
7
Vernon st. 19
Wharves N. 63
Vine st. 169
Wharves S. 125
William st. 6
Walnut st. 180
Willings alley 6
Water st. (Little) 25
Wittmans court 4
Water st. N.
194
Wood st.
34
Water st. S. 186
York road
51
Watkins court
9
York court 4
Webbs alley
11
Zane st.
47
CITY COMMISSIONERS' OFFICE,
January 14th, 1806.
Notice is hereby given,
THAT, agreeably to an Ordinance of the Select and Common Councils, the city is divided into four districts, and, that each district is under the special superinten- dance of the person whose name is annexed thereunto.
DISTRICT No. I.
From the south side of Cedar or South street, to the south side of Spruce street,-WILLIAM STEVENSON, NO. 152 south Fourth street.
II.
From the south side of Spruce street, to the south side of Chesnut street,-JAMES KER, NO. 71 Dock street, opposite the Bank of Pennsylvania.
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