USA > Pennsylvania > A history of the Juniata Valley and its people, Volume I > Part 7
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In the early part of this chapter is given a list of the first county officers, with the dates when they received their commissions. Follow- ing is a list of the county officers from the organization of the county to 1912, as completely as it could be obtained from the records, with the year of election or appointment.
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
Sheriffs-Benjamin Elliott, 1787: John Patton, 1788; John Gal- braith, 1792; John Patton, 1795; James McMurtrie, 1798; John Patton, 1801 ; John Miller, 1804; John Patton, 1806; Patrick Gwin, 1809: John Patton, 1812; Patrick Gwin, 1815; John Patton, 1818; Patrick Gwin, 1821; William Speer, 1824; William Simpson, 1827; Thomas Johnston, 1830; James Henderson, 1833; Thomas Lloyd, 1836 (Sheriff Lloyd died in 1837 and Joseph Higgins was appointed to serve until the next election, when Joseph Shannon was elected for the remainder of the term) ; John Brotherline, 1839; John Shaver, 1841; John Armitage, 1844; Matthew Crownover, 1847; William B. Zeigler, 1850; Joshua Greenland, 1853; Graffus Miller, 1856; John C. Watson, 1859; G. W. Johnston, 1862; James F. Bathurst, 1865; D. R. P. Neely, 1868; Amon Houck, 1871; T. K. Henderson, 1874 ; S. H. Irwin, 1877; William J. Geissinger, 1880; George W. McAlevy, 1883; Joseph G. Isenberg, 1886; David Wilson, 1889; Thomas M. Oaks, 1892; David Wilson, 1895; B. S. Rumberger, 1898; David Wilson, 1901; G. Chal. Port, 1903; Frank W. Stewart, 1906; Harry S. Smith, 1909.
Prothonotarics-Lazarus B. McClain, 1787; Andrew Henderson, 1788; William Steel, 1809; J. A. Henderson, 1821; David R. Porter, 1823: Robert Campbell, 1836; James Steel, 1839; Theodore H. Cremer, 1848; M. F. Campbell, 1854; D. Caldwell, 1857; W. C. Wagoner, 1860; J. R. Simpson, 1866; M. M. McNeil, 1869; T. W. Myton, 1872; L. M. Stewart, 1875; W. M. Williamson, 1878; James Kelly, 1884; John Brewster, 1887; Samuel A. Steel, 1893; George G. Steel, 1899; I. N. Swope, 1905; George W. Wright, 1911.
Registers and Recorders-Andrew Henderson, 1787; William Steel, 1809; Richard Smith, 1821; William Kerr, 1824; David R. Porter. 1827; John Reed, 1836; Jacob Miller, 1845; M. F. Campbell, 1848; Henry Glazier, 1854; D. W. Womelsdorf, 1860; J. E. Smucker, 1866; WV. E. Lightner, 1875; Irvin D. Kuntzelman, 1878; John S. Bare, 1884: Milton W. Isenberg, 1890; B. F. Godard, 1896; E. E. Enyeart, 1902; William H. Trude, 1905; Xopher Beck, 1911.
Treasurers-David McMurtrie, 1787; Benjamin Elliott, 1788; John Johnston, 1800; Robert Allison, 1806; Thomas Ker, 1809: John Huyett, 1812; Samuel Steel, 1813: Thomas Ker, 1815; Samuel Steel, 1818; Isaac Dorland, 1821; John Miller, 1824; Walter Clarke, 1826; Isaac Dorland, 1829; Jacob Miller, 1832; Thomas Fisher, 1835; David
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
Snare, 1838; David Blair, 1838; Andrew B. Hirst, 1841 ; George Taylor, 1843; Joseph Law, 1845; Isaac Neff, 1847; John A. Doyle, 1849; John Marks, 1851; Joseph Stephens, 1853; A. B. Crewitt, 1855 (died in office and F. H. Lane was appointed on April 14, 1857, to fill out the unexpired term) ; F. H. Lane (elected for a full term), 1857; H. T. White, 1859; J. A. Nash, 1861 : David Black, 1863; Thomas W. Myton, 1865; M. M. Logan, 1867; Samuel J. Cloyd, 1869; A. W. Kenyon, 1871; T. W. Montgomery, 1873; G. Ashman Miller, 1875; A. P. Mc- Elwain, 1878; Harris Richardson, 1881; Amon W. Swoope, 1884; E. O. Rogers, 1887; John G. Simpson, 1890; George M. Green, 1893; Henry S. Musser, 1896; A. R. Leffard, 1899; William H. Chilcote, 1902; Alfred W. Spyker, 1905; Thomas W. Myton, 1908; P. B. Cutshall, 191I.
Prior to the adoption of the constitution of 1838 the offices of prothonotary, register and recorder and treasurer were filled by ap- pointment. Prothonotaries were appointed by the governor, the tenure of office depending largely upon the conduct of the appointee. The first prothonotary to be elected by the people was James Steel, who was elected at the annual election in 1839. John Reed was elected register and recorder at the same time, the first one to be chosen by the people. From the erection of the county to 1841, the treasurers were appointed annually by the county commissioners. The above list covering that period was compiled by reference to the bonds filed with the county commissioners. No bonds can be found for the years between 1789 and 1799, nor for the years 1802, 1804. 1805 and 1828, but it is quite probable that the treasurer of the preceding year continued in office by reappointment under the old bond. The office was made elective by the act of May 27, 1841, and the incumbent at that time, Andrew B. Hirst, was elected in October of that year.
County Commissioners-Three commissioners were elected in 1787, upon the organization of the county. From that time to 1875, with three exceptions, it appears that one commissioner was elected annually. Since 1875 a full board of three members has been elected every three years. Following is the list: 1787, David Stewart, John Dean, James Sommerville; 1788, Patrick Cassidy; 1789, Robert Riddle; 1790, John Cadwallader; 1791, John Blair; 1792, Patrick Galbraith; 1793, John Shaver; 1794, James Kerr; 1795, Thomas Morrow; 1796, William
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
Steel; 1797, Hugh Morrison; 1798, John Steel; 1799, John Cadwalla- der; 1800, Benjamin Elliott; 1801, Joseph Patton; 1802, Thomas Wilson; 1803, William Wilson; 1804, John Crawford; 1805, Joseph Patton; 1806, John Robison; 1807, John Huyett; 1808, David Lloyd; 1809, R. James Law ; 1810, Robert Provines; 1811, John Sharrer ; 1812, William Simpson; 1813, Maxwell Kinkead; 1814, John Morrison ; 1815, Matthew Wilson; 1816, Philip Roller; 1817, Peter Cassidy; 1818, Samuel Gooshorn: 1819, James Simpson; 1820. William Reed; 1821, John Stewart; 1822, John Cresswell; 1823, John McMullen; 1824, William Simpson; 1825, Conrad Bucher; 1826, Henry Beaver; 1827, James Steel; 1828, George Ashman; 1829, John Stewart; 1830, Jacob Hoffman; 1831, Samuel Smith; 1832, John Lutz; 1833. Robert Lytle ; 1834, John Stewart; 1835, Peter Hewitt; 1836, John Stever; 1837, Peter Swoope; 1838, James Moore; 1839, Joshua Roller; 1840, Kenzie L. Green; 1841, Robert Moore; 1842, Alexander Knox; 1843, John F. Miller ( 1 year), Mordecai Chilcote ; 1844, John F. Miller ; 1845, William Bell; 1846, Daniel Teague (2 years), Robert Cummins (3 years) ; 1847, Joshua Greenland; (no election in 1848) ; 1849, Isaac Peightal; 1850, Benjamin Leas; 1851, Robert Still (2 years), Eliel Smith (3 years) ; 1852, Samuel Wigton; 1853. Thomas Hamer; 1854, Benjamin K. Neff; 1855, Jacob Baker; 1856, H. L. McCarthy; 1857, George W. Mattern; 1858, John Flenner; 1859, M. F. Campbell ; 1860, Jolin Cummins; 1861, John S. Isett; 1862, P. M. Bare; 1863, John House- holder ; 1864, Jacob Miller; 1865, Adam Warfel; 1866, Adam Fouse; 1867, Samuel Cummins; 1868, Simeon Wright; 1869, George Jackson ; 1870, A. B. Miller; 1871, Jonathan Evans; 1872, David Hare; 1873, N. K. Covert; 1874, W. J. Ammerman; 1875, Andrew G. Neff, David B. Weaver and A. Wesley Wright; 1878, W. H. Benson, James Smith and Benjamin Isenberg; 1881, Henry Davis, Nicholas Isenberg and Samuel P. Smith; 1884, David A. Sisney, Jacob F. Hoover and John M. Johnston; 1887, Wesley Gregory, David A. Griffith and Robert McNeal; 1890, A. J. Miller, Jolin Mierly and Jackson Lamberson; 1893, James A. Wilson, James H. Garner and Jackson L. Grove; 1896, A. S. Welch, Andrew Schuldt and Peter Kean (Commissioner Kean died in April, 1899, and John S. Miller was appointed to the vacancy) ; 1899, George W. Stewart, William H. Johnston and Alonzo W. Jones; 1902, A. L. Couch, William B. Wilson and A. L. Carothers ;
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
1905, H. D. Taylor, Christ Bush and Henry H. Davis; 1908, William L. Johnston, Elliott R. Wible and J. K. Wiley; 1911, J. G. Allison, Adam J. Black and Walter S. Herncane.
State Senators-Previous to 1790 Pennsylvania had no state senate. In the constitution adopted in that year provision was made that "The General Assembly of this Commonwealth shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives." The constitution also fixed the senatorial districts, which were to remain until the first enumeration of taxpayers. Huntingdon, Northumberland and Luzerne counties constituted a dis- trict. The list of state senators who have represented Huntingdon county, or the district of which it has formed a part, is as follows : 1790, William Montgomery (elected to Congress and William Hep- burn elected in 1793 to the vacancy ) ; 1794, John Cannon: 1797, Richard Smith; 1801, John Piper; 1805, Henry Wertz, Jr .; 1807, Jacob Blocher; 1808, Ezra Doty ; 1812, William Beale; 1816, Alexander Dysart; 1820, Michael Wallace; 1822, William R. Smith: 1824, Christian Garber; 1828, Thomas Jackson; 1832, George McCulloch; 1836, David R. Porter. (The constitution of 1838 changed the length of term to three years, instead of four, and in that year Robert P. Maclay was elected for four years and James M. Bell for two years) ; 1840, James Mathers; 1842, Henry C. Eyer; 1844, John Morrison; 1847, Alexander King; 1850, R. A. McMurtrie; 1853, John Cresswell, Jr .; 1857, William P. Schell; 1860, S. S. Wharton; 1863, George W. Householder : 1864. L. W. Hall and Kirk Haines. ( In this year Hunt- ingdon, Blair, Center, Mifflin, Juniata and Perry counties were formed into a senatorial district with two senators) ; 1867, J. K. Robinson and C. J. T. McIntire; 1870, R. B. Petriken and D. M. Crawford; 1873, Joseph S. Warren. (Blair and Perry counties taken from the district ) ; 1874, Chambers Mckibben: 1876, Horatio G. Fisher; 1880, John Stewart; 1884. H. J. McAtter; 1888, William M. Williamson: 1892, William W. Brewer; 1896, Henry C. Chisholm; 1900, Alexander Stewart; 1904, Alexander Stewart; (a change in the senatorial district left Huntingdon county without representation in the senate and in 1906 Chambers O. Templeton was elected) ; 1910, Enos M. Jones.
Representatives-1787, Hugh Davidson; 1789, David Stewart; 1791, John Cannon; 1794, David McMurtrie; 1796, Samuel Marshall; 1798, John Blair; 1800, James Kerr; 1801, John Blair and James
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
Kerr; 1802, John Blair and William Steel; 1803, Richard Smith and Lewis Mytinger; 1804, Arthur Moore and James McCune; 1807, Arthur Moore and Alexander Dysart; 1809, Alexander Dysart and William McAlevy; 1812, Alexander Dysart and R. James Law; 1813, R. James Law and John Crum; 1815, Alexander Dysart and Conrad Bucher; 1816, Conrad Bucher and Christian Garber; 1818, Robert Young and J. D. Aurandt; 1819, John Scott and David R. Porter; 1821, John Scott and John Royer; 1822, John Ashman and David R. Porter; 1823, Henry Shippen and Peter Cassidy; 1824, Henry Shippen and John Ashman; 1825, Matthew Wilson and Joseph Adams; 1826, Matthew Wilson and John Blair; 1828, John Blair and John Owens; 1829, John Blair and Henry Beaver; 1830, John Blair and John Williamson; 1831, John Porter and Henry Beaver ; 1832, Samuel Royer and James Clark; 1833, James Clark and Thomas T. Cromwell; 1835, H. L. McConnell and George Hudson; 1836, James Crawford and J. Cunningham; 1837, J. Cunningham and John Morrison; 1839, John Morrison and Joseph Higgins; 1840, Joseph Higgins and John G. Miles; 1841, Jesse Moore and Thomas Weston; 1842, Jonathan McWilliams and Brice Blair; 1844, Henry Brewster and R. A. Mc- Murtrie; 1845, H. L. Patterson and Alexander Gwin; 1846, David Blair; 1848, A. K. Cornyn; 1850, William B. Smith and Seth R. McCune; 1852, S. S. Wharton and James L. Gwin; 1853, James L. Gwin and James Maguire; 1854, George Leas and George W. Smith; 1855, J. M. Gibbony and J. H. Wintrode; 1857, Daniel Houtz; 1858, R. B. Wigton; 1859, J. S. Africa; 1860, Brice X. Blair; 1861, John Scott; 1862, A. W. Benedict: 1863, David Etnier; 1864, John N. Swoope and John Balsbach; 1865, Ephraim Baker and James M. Brown; 1866, James M. Brown and H. S. Wharton; 1867, H. S. Wharton and H. H. Wilson : 1868, John S. Miller and Amos H. Martin; 1869, H. J. McAteer and Abraham Rohrer; 1871, F. H. Lane; 1873, WV. K. Burchinell; 1874, H. H. Mateer and W. P. McNite; 1876, Percival P. Dewees and Alexander Post; 1878, Benjamin R. Foust and M. P. Doyle; 1880, Alexander Post and Henry C. Marshall; 1882, Thomas W. Myton and Thomas H. Adams; 1884, J. P. Giles and I. G. Boyer ; 1886, J. Irvin White and George W. Owens; 1888, Perry M. Lytle and William H. Stevens; 1890, Perry M. Lytle and J. C. Dunkle ; 1892; Perry M. Lytle and John S. Bare; 1894, Perry M. Lytle and
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
Thomas O. Milliken; 1896, Perry M. Lytle and John S. Bare; 1898, Thomas O. Milliken and John S. Bare; 1900, John C. Taylor and Thomas W. Montgomery ; 1902, John C. Taylor and Thomas M. Mont- gomery; 1904. J. F. Schock and Lewis M. Haggerty; 1906, Warren B. Simpson; 1908, Warren B. Simpson; 1910, Horace B. Dunn; 1912, Horace B. Dunn.
Representatives were elected annually until the adoption of the constitution of 1873, which changed the legislative term from one to two years. In the list the annual reelections are not noted. Where one member served more than one term the fact is shown by a gap in the years, as in the case of John Cannon, who was twice reelected. When Blair county was cut off in 1846, Huntingdon had but one representative until 1850, when a district was formed of the two counties with two members of the assembly. From 1857 to 1863 the county was repre- sented by one member, but in 1864 a district was formed of Huntingdon, Mifflin and Juniata counties, which was represented by two members. Again from 1871 to 1873 the county had but one representative and since 1906 Huntingdon has constituted a representative district by itself, with one member.
Surveyors-This office was established in 1850, the term being fixed at three years. Following is a list of surveyors since that time, with the year of election, each one serving until his successor was elected and qualified : 1850, William Christy ; 1853, J. Simpson Africa; 1859, J. F. Ramey; 1862, John A. Pollock; 1865, James E. Glasgow ; 1871, Henry Wilson; 1877, William H. Booth; 1880, John S. Lytle ; 1886, John B. Ketterman; 1889, John E. Ketterman; 1892, Henry H. Swoope; 1907, Charles T. Evans (reelected in 1910).
Directors of the Poor-The act of May 6, 1850, provided for a poor-house in Huntingdon county and named Thomas Fisher, Kenzie L. Green, Benjamin Leas, John McCulloch, James Gillam, John Porter, Isaac Taylor, A. P. Wilson, John Watson, Caleb Greenland and S. Miles Green as commissioners to purchase a site. The people were authorized to vote at the next regular election on the question of erect- ing a building and the proposition was carried by a vote of 1,299 to 952. Under the act, three directors were to be elected in 1851 and one annually thereafter for a term of three years. Elected in 1851, James Clarke, George Hudson and James Saxton; 1852, John Brewster;
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
1853, Samuel Mattern; 1854, J. A. Shade; 1855, Kenzie L. Green; 1856, Joseph Gibbony; 1857, James Murphy; 1858, David Clarkson; 1859, William Moore; 1860, Samuel Peightal; 1861, James Henderson ; 1862, Samuel Heckadorn; 1863, John Logan; 1864, Henry Davis (3 years), Henry A. Mark ( I year) ; 1865, John Flenner; 1866, Jack- son Harman; 1867, Adam Heeter; 1868, John Miller; 1869, James Smith; 1870, John P. Stewart; 1871, Harris Richardson; 1872, Michael Kyper; 1873, Gilbert Horning; 1874, Aaron W. Evans; 1875, John Griffith; 1876, Daniel Conrad; 1877, James Harper (3 years), Richard Wills (2 years), Michael Stair; 1878, A. B. Miller ; 1879, Jacob Haffly ; 1880, James Harper; 1881, Jacob H. Isett; 1882, Jacob Haffly; 1883, Morris Gutshall: 1884, Jacob H. Isett; 1885, James F. Thompson; 1886, Morris Gutshall; 1887, S. P. Brumbaugh; 1888, Samuel Dickson ; 1889, Edmund O. Heck; 1890, W. H. Henderson; 1891, Simeon Wright and Harrison C. Crownover; 1892, Edmund O. Heck; 1893. George W. Taylor; 1894, Harrison C. Crownover; 1895, David S. Snyder; 1896, George W. Taylor; 1897, Robert Mason; 1898, C. K. Horton; 1899, John Madden; 1900, Robert Mason; 1901, C. K. Horton; 1902, John Madden: 1903, George W. Hetrick; 1904, J. Quincy Dill; 1905, John C. Bare; 1906, George W. Hetrick; 1907, J. Quincy Dill ; 1908, John C. Bare; 1909, J. H. Myers ; 1911, J. R. Edwards and James V. Stevens.
Jury Commissioners-1867, George W. Snontz, N. K. Covert; 1870, S. B. Chaney, John Vandevander; 1873, John G. Stewart, Samuel Brooks (Mr. Stewart resigned and George W. Johnston was appointed to the vacancy on January 22, 1874) ; 1876, John X. Lutz, Nicholas Isenberg; 1879, Richard Wills, Adam Krugh (Mr. Krugh left the state in 1881 and James Henderson was appointed to fill out the remainder of the term) ; 1882, Jonathan Evans, Henry Chamberlain; 1885, Harris Richardson, George W. Cresswell; 1888, George W. Stewart, Daniel Swartz; 1891, William P. Liveringhouse, A. W. Jones; 1894, William B. Zeigler, F. M. Bollinger; 1897, Richard Cutshall, David F. Smouse; 1900, G. M. Cutshall, Luther Speck; 1903, T. W. Wood, Samuel D. Bollinger ; 1906, John A. Woods, T. A. Miller ; 1909, Anthony W. Beaver, W. S. Miller.
CHAPTER V
HUNTINGDON COUNTY, TOWNSHIPS, BOROUGHS, ETC.
Early Townships-Present Townships-Brady-Carbon-Cass-Clay-Cromwell-Dub- lin - Franklin - Henderson - Hopewell - Jackson - Juniata - Lincoln - Lo- gan - Miller - Morris - Oneida - Penn - Porter - Shirley - Smithfield - Springfield - Spruce Creek - Tell - Tod - Union - Walker - Warriors Mark -West - Wood - The Eighteen Boroughs - Huntingdon - Alexandria-Birming- ham-Broad Top City-Cassville-Coalmont-Dudley-Mapleton-Marklesburg- Mill Creek-Mount Union-Orbisonia-Petersburg-Rock Hill-Saltillo-Shade Gap-Shirleysburg-Three Springs-List of Postoffices-Rural Free Delivery Routes.
T WENTY years before Huntingdon county was erected, or in July, 1767, the Cumberland county court created a township called Derry, "Beginning at the middle of the Long Narrows; thence up the north side of the Juniata as far as Jack's Narrows; thence to include the valley of Kishacokulus and Jack's creek." These boun- daries included a part of the present township of Brady, in Huntingdon county.
In October, 1767, the court erected five new townships-Barree. Bed- ford, Coleraine, Cumberland and Dublin-which, with the township of Derry, included all the territory within the present counties of Bed- ford, Blair and Huntingdon, a large part of Fulton and Mifflin and a portion of Center. As population increased additional townships were erected and at the time Huntingdon county was organized in 1787 there were eight townships within its limits, viz .: Barree, Dublin, Frankstown, Hopewell, Huntingdon, Shirley, Tyrone and Woodbury. Frankstown and Woodbury were cut off in 1846 as part of Blair county, and the six original townships lying within the present limits of the county have been divided and subdivided until the number is now thirty. In making these divisions and subdivisions the townships of Huntingdon and Tyrone have entirely disappeared. The present townships are: Barree, Brady, Carbon, Cass, Clay, Cromwell, Dublin, Franklin, Hen-
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COURTHOUSE, HUNTINGDON.
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
derson, Hopewell, Jackson, Juniata, Lincoln, Logan, Miller, Morris, Oneida, Penn, Porter, Shirley, Smithfield, Springfield, Spruce Creek, Tell, Tod, Union, Walker, Warriors Mark, West and Wood.
Barree township, as created in 1767, was "Bounded by Dublin, Coleraine and Bedford townships, as already mentioned, and along the Allegheny until a line struck from thence to Jack's Mountain so as to include the waters of Little Juniata and Shaver's and Standing Stone creeks." In 1771, when Bedford county was erected, Barree township included all that part of the present county of Huntingdon lying northwest of Jack's mountain. Since then the townships of Jack- son and West and parts of Logan, Oneida and Miller have been taken from Barree. Before the erection of Logan and Miller townships, Barree had an average width of four miles, extending from Jackson and West to Oneida, and in length from ten to twelve miles, from the summit of Standing Stone mountain and the Mifflin county line on the southeast to the Center county line and the summit of Tussey's mountain on the northwest. Warrior's ridge crosses it east and south of the center. On one side of this ridge runs the Standing Stone creek and on the other Shaver's creek. One of the first land warrants in the township was issued on what was known as the "Shaver's Creek Manor." The warrant bears date of October 30, 1760.
Brady township was erected in April, 1846, from part of Henderson. It is bounded on the northeast and southeast by Mifflin county ; south and southwest by Union township; west by Henderson, and northwest by Henderson and Barree. Jack's mountain on the east and Standing Stone mountain in the center are the principal elevations. The town- ship was named for General Hugh Brady, a distinguished officer in the United States army, who is said to have been born in the old Standing Stone fort at Huntingdon. Prior to the Revolutionary war several members of the Brady family lived in the vicinity of Huntingdon. One of these was the father of Captain Samuel Brady, the famous scout and spy. Among the early settlers were Lewis Metz, Christian Yoder, Caleb Armitage, the Eatons, Loudenslagers, Vandevanders and Priden- sons. Some of the descendants of these pioneers still reside in the county. Mill Creek is the principal town in Brady township. On the stream of that name there was formerly a blast furnace, known as Mill Creek furnace, and in the southern part of the township, near
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
the end of Standing Stone mountain are deposits of sand which is crushed by steam power and shipped to Pittsburgh and other glass manufacturing centers.
Carbon township, in the southern part of the county, lies chiefly upon the Broad Top mountain and derives its name from the coal deposits in that section. It was erected on April 23, 1858, from part of Tod, and is bounded on the north by Tod township; east by Wood; south and southwest by Fulton and Bedford counties, and on the northwest by Hopewell township. Among the pioneers were Anthony Cook, Philip Barnet. James Crawford, Henry Houpt, Walter Clark and Henry Miller. During the Revolution some Tory refugees came into the township, a few of whom became permanent residents. A large part of the Broad Top coal field lies within the township and coal mining is the leading occupation of the inhabitants. The old Barnet mine was opened in 1856 by Dorris, Burroughs & Company. Some twenty years later it was closed, but was reopened in 1882. The Pros- pect mine was opened in 1857 and about 1863 was purchased by Robert H. Powel, who erected coke ovens there. In 1858 the Clift mine was opened and the following year witnessed the opening of the Broad Top collieries. The Mooredale mine, about one mile from Dudley, was opened about 1860 by Paul Ammerman, but it was abandoned in 1862 on account of water. It was purchased by Reakert Brothers in 1876 and reopened. The Fisher mine was opened in 1870; the Carbon colliery in 1872; the Ocean mine in 1879. The Robertsdale collieries, operated by the Rockhill Iron and Coal Company, are among the leading mines of Huntingdon county. There are three boroughs in the town- ship, Broad Top City, Coalmont and Dudley, the last named being the terminus of a branch of the Huntingdon & Broad Top railroad. Bar- nett, Cooks, Powelton and Robertsdale are mining towns.
Cass township, erected on January 21, 1843, from part of Union, was named for General Lewis Cass, who at that time was a conspicuous figure in the political arena. It is situated in the Trough creek valley and is bounded on the north by the townships of Penn and Union; on the east by Shirley and Cromwell; on the south by Clay, and on the west and southwest by Tod. The first settlers came from Maryland, but the date when the first settlement was founded is not known. Among the pioneers were Peter Thompson, Richard Dowling, Jacob
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HISTORY OF THE JUNIATA VALLEY
Dean, Philip Curfman, Moses Greenland, and the Smith, Lovell, Greene, Chilcott and Stever families. The Corbins, Lilleys, McClains, Drennans, Caldwells, Brownings and a few other families located in the Trough creek valley soon after the Revolution and James Campbell, John Shields, William Wright, Henry Freed and a few others settled in Hare's valley about the same time. Cassville is the only borough in the township and there are no villages of importance. Agriculture is the leading industry.
Clay township was erected on April 15, 1845, from Springfield, and was named for Henry Clay, of Kentucky, who was the Whig candi- date for president in 1844. It is bounded on the northeast by Cass and Cromwell; on the southeast by Springfield; on the south and south- west by Fulton county, and on the northwest by Wood and Tod town- ships. Benjamin Long, Henry Hubbell, George, John and William Hudson, Thomas Green, George Ashman, John Kyler, William and Miles Bunn, Thomas Hooper, Richard Bradley and some others had located in what is now Clay township before the close of the eighteenth century. The boroughs of Saltillo and Three Springs are located in this township and there are a few villages of minor importance. The East Broad Top railroad crosses the northern portion, passing through Saltillo and Three Springs.
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