USA > Pennsylvania > Annals of Buffalo Valley, Pennsylvania, 1755-1855 > Part 13
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" With esteem, your Excellency's obedient, humble servant, " JAMES POTTER."
Directed, on public service, His Excellency, Thomas Wharton, Esquire, Lancaster, favor of Mr. Thomas Jordan.
11th December occurred the action, at Guelph's mills, (near Philadelphia, ) in which the enemy endeavored to surprise General Potter. The second battalion, under Colonel Murray, was engaged.
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Timothy Lennington, of Northumberland county, was wounded ; Robert McQuilliams was also wounded, and cut to pieces by the light horse, the same evening ; Charles Clark, first lieutenant of Captain Taggart's company, was wounded in the left arm ; had his skull frac- tured ; he remained in captivity three years.
December 15, General Potter writes home, that in an action a few days previous his people behaved well, particularly the regiments of Colonel Chambers and Colonel Murray.
December 31, the Council request General Potter to stay in the field during the winter, or for some time yet at least. The year closes gloomily enough, with the army encamped at Valley Forge.
A return, dated Camp, in Montgomery, Philadelphia county, December 22, shows that Colonel Murray's regiment, of Northum- berland county militia, was then in Major General John Armstrong's division, and numbered two hundred and twenty-six men on the rolls.
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LIST OF INHABITANTS-INDIAN TROUBLES-GREAT RUNAWAY OF 1778- COVENHOVEN'S NARRATIVE-JOHN BASHOR KILLED-INCIDENT OF QUINN FAMILY-MONMOUTH BATTLE-JAMES BRADY'S DEATH-COLONEL HART- LEY'S EXPEDITION.
HOMAS WHARTON, President of the State until his death at Lancaster, 23d May. Members of Congress, Clingan, William ; Morris, Robert ; Roberdeau, Daniel ; Reed, Joseph; Smith, James ; and Smith, Jonathan B. Samuel Hunter, Lieutenant of the county. John Hambright, member of Council. Members of Assembly elected, October 2, Chambers, Stephen ; Dale, Samuel ; Himrod, Simon ; McKnight, James ; Martin, Robert ; and White, John. The candidates voted for, having, according to the returns of the judges of the. election, received the following number of votes each : Samuel. Dale, 251 ;
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Simon Himrod, 250 ; James McKnight, 247; Robert Martin, 246; John White, 211; Stephen Chambers, 201; Robert Fruit; 173; James Crawford, 170. Another return, signed by John Kelly, Walter Clark, and Jacob Fulmer, judges, declared Robert Fruit and James Crawford elected, instead of White and Chambers; but the House declared, November 7, that the return of John Clingman, William Fisher, and Michael Hessler, was the legal one. David Har- ris, Prothonotary. Jonathan Lodge, Sheriff. January 1, Benjamin Weiser of Penn's, appointed a justice. County Commissioners, William Gray, John Nelson, and Thomas Sutherland ; John Lytle elected in October. Officers of Buffalo : Constable, Martin Trester ; Supervisors, John Pontius and George Williams ; Overseers, William Speddy and Martin Dreisbach. White Deer : Constable, Henry Derr; Supervisors, James Hammond and William Rodman ; Over- seers, Charles McGenet and William Wilson.
Inhabitants of Buffalo who came in after 1775. Books, Henry ; Barnhart, Martin; Colpetzer; Adam; Chambers, Robert ; Cox, Samuel ; Divler, Joseph; Dempsey, Cornelius; Dugan, William ; Frederick, Thomas; Ferguson, John ; Gilliland, John; Haugha- waut, Liffard, tenant of Samuel McClay's place ; Irvin, William, (miller,) Mensch, Abraham, (who owned and lived on Abraham Wolfe's place, in East Buffalo. His wife died in the Valley, and was buried at Jenkins mill. He left with the runaway of 1779, taking with him his boys, Christian and John, and one horse. He never returned. He married again, and the late Reverend J. Nicholas Mensch, was a son by the second wife. Christian went to Ohio, John to New York; the latter died, about the same time the Reverend J. Nicholas died, at Lewisburg, in 1854. The father of Abraham and Benjamin, of Lewis township, was a nephew of the one here spoken of.) Mizener, Henry and Conrad ; Prinkler, Charles ; Shirtz, Michael ; Struble, Richard; Stroh, Nicholas, on now Samuel Dunkel's place. (Mathias Allspach made crocks there. The latter killed, with a potter's stick, a wolf following the sheep into the yard ;) Henry Winkert.
List of Inhabitants of White Deer.
Allen, Samuel; Ammon, George; Armstrong, William; Baker, Ja- cob; Blue, Frederick; Blue, William; Blythe, William; Boone, Haw-
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kins ; Brown, Eleanor ; Brundage, Joseph ; Buchanan, James ; Cald- well, James ; Carnachan, William ; Campbell, John; Charters, Wil- liam ; Clark, Robert; Clark, Walter; Clark, William; Cook, Henry ; Cooper, Robert ; Correy, Robert ; Couples, David ; Crasher, Wil- liam ; Croninger, Leonard ; Dale, Samuel ; Deal, Christian ; Dean, Benjamin ; Derr, Joseph; Derr, Henry ; Diffenderfer, Michael; Dier- mand, Thomas; Dilce, David; Dunbar, Samuel ; Earl, Michael ; Elder, Thomas ; Ellis, Richard ; Etterburn, Jacob; Ewing, Alex- ander ; Fisher, Christian ; Fisher, John ; Fisher, Samuel, saw-mill ; Fleming, Hans ; Fockler, George ; Foutz, Conrad ; Fruit, Robert ; Fulton, John ; Gibson, Robert; Graham, Edward; Graham, John ; Graham, Thomas ; Gray, William ; Green, Ebenezer ; Hammond, David ; Hammond, James ; Hays, James ; Hazlett, John ; Heckle, Andrew; Heckman, Andrew; Hill, James; Hood, Elizabeth ; Houston, Doctor John ; Huling, Marcus, saw-mill ; Hunter, James ; Hutchinson, Thomas; Iddings, Henry; Irwin, George; Irwin, Richard ; James, Thomas ; Johnson, John ; Johnson, William ; Jordan, William; Kelly, John ; Kilday, George ; Kirkwood, John ; Lafferty, Isaac; Laird, Nicholas ; Leacock, John; Linn, John; Lob- den, Thomas ; Low, Cornelius ; Low, Cornelius, junior ; Low, Wil- liam; Lykens, Thomas ; McCard, James ; McClenachan, James ; McCollum, John ; McComb, Daniel ; McClure, Thomas ; McCord, Samuel; McCormick, James; McCormick, Thomas ; McGinnes, Samuel ; Mclaughlin, James ; McJannet, Charles ; Mackey, Wil- liam ; Maffit, Joseph ; Martin, Robert ; Mason, William; Mitchel- tree, John ; Moodie, Robert; Moore, Henry ; Moore, John ; Moore, Thomas ; Nicholson, William ; Noraconk, Daniel ; Norcross, John ; Orr, William; Pearson, Widow; Poak, James, saw-mill : Poak, Joseph ; Reed, William; Reed, Widow; Reese, George ; Robb, William; Rodman, William; Row, James; Row, Joseph ; Ridehower, Peter ; Semple, John ; Semple, Robert ; Shaw, Hamil- ton ; Shearer, Samuel ; Shields, Archibald ; Smith, John, senior ; Smith, John, junior ; Smith, Widow ; Stephen, Alexander ; Stephen, Philip ; Story, John ; Stover, Philip; Sunderland, Daniel ; Swartz, Peter; Tate, John; 'Tate, Joseph ; Titzell, Henry, grist and saw- mill, (Rauch's now ;) Townsend, Codder ; Turner, Thomas; Weeks, Jesse ; Weeks, Joseph ; Weitzell, John ; Wertz, Deidrich ; Wheeland,
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George; White, Joseph; Wilson, Peter; Wilson, Peter, junior ; Wilson, William ; Yarnall, Jesse.
Doctor John Houston was the earliest physician in White Deer township, that I have any knowledge of. He is sald to have resided at or near the present village of Hightown.
Additional List of Inhabitants, Penn's Township.
Aumiller, Philip ; Bader, George ; Bartges, Christopher ; Bearsh, Peter ; Begel, Thomas; Benford, George; Billman, Abraham ; Bickel, John; Bornson, Catharine ; Bowerman, George; Bower- man, John ; Borald, Adam ; Bowersox, Paul ; Boreminginan, Peter ; Bollinger, Adam ; Braucht, Daniel ; Brenard, Francis ; Buchtel, John ; Bumbach, George, senior; Byerly, Anthony; Carrol, Hugh ; Clemens, Abraham ; Conrad, George ; Dauberman, Chris- tian ; Deininger, Frederick ; Eberhart, Frederick ; Eckart, Jacob; Fannery, Benjamin ; Fisher, Jacob; Fisher, Adam; Fiddler, Ste- phen ; Foulke, Jacob ; Fry, John ; Gast, Christian ; Gay, Frederick ; Gemberling, Paul; Gemberling, Jacob; Gill, William ; Giltner, Jacob; Gillan, Moses ; Gift, Adam ; Glass, George ; Gundy, Peter ; Hafer, Andrew ; Hains, John ; Hampshire, John ; Harmin, Henry; Hassinger, Herman ; Havelock, Conrad ; Hawn, Michael ; Hen- dershot, Casper ; Herrold, Simon ; Herrold, George, a grist mill ; Hess, Mathias ; Hosterman, Jacob ; Houser, Mathias ; Kern, Yost ; Kiester, Martin ; Knippenberger, Paul ; Kline, David ; Krain, Hugh ; Laudenslager, Ferdy ; Lepley, Jacob; Lever, Adam ; Lower, Peter ; McAteer, Robert ; McCabe, Edward ; Magill, Valentine ; Manning, Simeon, senior and junior ; Maris, William ; Miller, Conrad; Miller, Dewalt, saw-mill ; Miller, Sigamund ; Mitchell, Daniel ; Mockell, Nicholas; Molly, Anthony ; Moon, John, one grist mill ; Moon, Casper, junior ; Moore, Andrew, two mills ; Moyer, Jacob ; Moyer, Charles ; Mower, Michael ; Musser, John ; Nees, Thomas ; Netz, Ludwig ; Oatly, Edward ; Paul, Dewalt ; Phillips, Benjamin ; Reed, John ; Reger, John; Reiber, John; Richter, Christena; Rine, Henry ; Rorabaugh, Simon ; Roush, Jacob ; Roush, John ; Seecrist, Christian, saw-mill ; Sherk, John; Shirtz, Jacob; Shock, Jacob; Shoop, George ; Snyder, Christopher ; Spangler, Andrew ; Spengle, Zachariah; Stock, John ; Stock, Peter ; Stock, Michael; Stoke, George ; Stum, Abraham,
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junior ; Swineford, Albright, one grist and saw-mill ; Thomas, John ; Trester, George ; Trester, Martin ; Trester, Jacob ; Weirich, William ; Weiser, Philip; Weiser, John ; Welsh, John ; Willis, John ; Wittenmyer, Andrew ; Woodrow, Simeon ; Yost, Casper ; Zimmerman, Christopher.
January Ist, (from minutes of Council, ) Joseph Green presented his claim for supplying the militia with provisions while on their expe- dition up the West Branch, and an order was issued for £1,600 to Colonel Hunter for the same.
January 9th, General Potter gets leave of absence, in consequence of sickness of Mrs. Potter, and Brigadier General John Lacey ap- pointed to his command.
February 17th, General Wayne detached Captain William Wilson, Lieutenant John Boyd, and Captain George Grant to recruit for the Pennsylvania regiments in Northumberland county. At February sessions, Samuel Maclay presented a petition, stating that his ser- vant had enlisted in the Twelfth Pennsylvania regiment, and John Thompson and William Irvine (Irish) were appointed to appraise the time of said servant. February 20th, Samuel Dale, member elect, took his seat in the Assembly, at Lancaster. March 9th, James Murray appeared. Nothwithstanding the Indian troubles, courts were held in February and in May. At the latter, John Clark, John Crider, George Overmeier, Martin Dreisbach, and William Irwin were appointed viewers on a petition to divide Buffalo township, by a line commencing at the mouth of Beaver run, thence a south-west course to Switzer run. This was never acted upon.
At August term, Stephen Chambers was admitted to the bar. On the grand jury, were Albright Swineford, Elias Younkman, Henry Richard, and Thomas Sutherland. At November term, Collinson Read and John Vannost, were admitted to the bar. Abraham Mensch, Peter Wicoff, and William Clark, were jurors.
As early as Dececember, 1777, the Indians re-appeared up the West Branch, and Colonel Hunter ordered out Colonel Cookson Long's battalion, as he says he is an excellent good woodsman ; but for all that, on the Ist of January, one of the inhabitants was killed and scalped, two miles above the Great Island, and eleven Indians seen, who were pursued, and two killed. In consequence, the order for the fifth class of militia to march to join the army wa's counter-
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manded on the 19th. It will be recollected that the main army was in camp at Valley Forge, at this time. On the Ist of May, General Lacey's militia command was surrounded at Crooked Billet. General Lacey says, the alarm was so sudden that I had scarcely time to mount my horse, before the enemy were within musket shot of my quarters. He escaped, with the loss of his baggage, and thirty killed and wounded. Some were butchered in a manner the most brutal savages could not equal. Even while living, some were thrown into the buckwheat straw, and the straw set on fire. The clothes were burned on others, and scarcely one without a dozen of wounds.
From the diary of James F. Linn under date, December 2, 1845, I extract the following : " Uncle David Linn told me some anec- dotes of Abraham Smith, who was married to his sister Jane, and who died in Ohio some years since. He was at Crooked Billet, and was taken prisoner with some others. They lost four or five men by shots. They knew not where they came from. At last Morrow (grandfather of my brother William's widow) got sight of the man, who was shooting from behind a tree. He told them to keep still, and he would fix him. When the man stepped from behind the tree to load, Morrow fired, and one of them saw him drop his hands upon his belly, and fall forward. They lossed no more men in that way. After they were taken, they were ordered to be shot as rebels. The reason for shooting the prisoners was, that they were short of provisions. They shot Maclay and Conner, and burned their bodies in a pile of buckwheat straw. It was Smith's turn next. He stood up, and kept his eye on the man who was to shoot him, until he thought he was about to draw the trigger, when he dodged for- ward, and the bullet took the depth of itself out of his back, op- posite his breast. An officer then interfered, and stopped the shoot- ing." Crooked Billet is now called Hatborough, in Montgomery county, Pennsylvania.
John Dietrich Aurand (afterward Reverend) enlisted in Colonel Stewart's Regiment, General Wayne's brigade. He had been learning milling at his father's mill, on Turtle creek. His father sold the mill this year, and, possibly, going down the country in search of employ- ment, he fell in with the recruiting officer. Before his term expired his father went to the army, and made an effort to secure his release, on the ground of minority ; but he declined returning, and served
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until the year 1781, when occurred the revolt of General Wayne's troops, when he was honorably discharged, and returned to his father's home on Turtle creek.
May 4, Colonel Cooke, twelfth regiment, under General Wayne, in camp at Mount Joy. 5th May, Colonel John Kelly, with part of his battalion, on duty in Penn's valley. May 8, Jacob Standford killed at his own house, in Penn's valley, with his wife and daughter, and his son, ten or eleven years old, missing.1
May 17, General Potter writes from upper Fort, Penn's valley, that he was informed by Colonel Long that a few families coming to Lycoming, escorted by a party under the command of Colonel Hosterman, were attacked by twelve Indians, who killed six of them, and six were missing. Three men were killed, at the same time, on Loyal Sock; twenty persons killed on the North Branch. One who was taken prisoner made his escape, and says the Indians are determ- ined to clear the two branches of the Susquehanna this moon. He says we have two forts in the Valley, and are determined to stand as long as we are supported. The people were poor, and bread very high. May 30, Jacob Morgan writes, that he had just returned from canıp at Valley Forge. He saw fifteen regiments under arms, as well disciplined as any of the British troops can be. They per- formed several maneuvers, with the greatest exactness and dispatch, under the direction of Baron Steuben. General Washington after- wards reviewed them. The British were about evacuating Philadel- phia, and our army would follow. One regiment, under Arnold, was to go into Philadelphia for civil service, until the Executive Council could get there.
3Ist May, Colonel Hunter writes, " we are in a melancholy con- dition. The back inhabitants have left their homes. All above Muncy are at Samuel Wallis's. The people of Muncy are at Captain Brady's. All above Lycoming are at Antes' mill and the mouth of Bald Eagle. The people of Penn's valley are at one place in Potter township. The inhabitants of White Deer are assembled at three different places. The back settlers of Buffalo have come down to the river. Penn's township people have, likewise, moved to the river. All from Muncy hill to Chillisquaque have assembled at three different places. Fishing creek and Mahoning settlements
' Their graves are on Ephraim Keller's farm, west of Potter's Fort, (1872.)
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have come to the river side. It is really distressing to see the peo- ple flying away, and leaving their all, especially the Jersey people, who came up here last winter and spring. Not one stays, but sets off to Jersey again." 2d June, he writes that the people have drawn up a petition to Congress for relief, and Robert Fruit and Thomas Jordan were set off to lay it before the Executive Council, for their approval, before presenting it to Congress.
May 6, Colonel Kelly and Thomas Hewitt were appointed agents of forfeited estates within the county.
June 13, Michael Campbell, of Colonel Hosterman's battalion, killed by the Indians.
June 14, Colonel Hunter writes that communication between Antes' mill and Big Island was cut off.
June 17, General Potter writes that Captain Pealer's company, in Nittany valley, had discovered a number of tracks, leading down Logan's Gap, quite fresh ; thirty in number.
July I, army moved toward New York. The twelfth Pennsylva- nia, in Wayne's brigade, left wing, under General Stirling.
The " Great Runaway."
July 3d occurred the massacre at Wyoming, the news of which, received on the 5th, caused the general stampede of the settlers of our Valley, called the "Great Runaway."
On the 9th, Colonel Hunter writes that both branches are nearly evacuated, and Northumberland and Sunbury will be the frontier in less than twenty-four hours. His letter evinces the agony of a strong man, who, with all supports taken away, was determined to fall, if need be, in defense of the charge committed to him. He says :
" Nothing but a firm reliance upon Divine Providence, and the virtue of our neighbors, induces the few to stand that remain in the two towns; and if they are not speedily reinforced they must give way ; but will have this consolation, that they have stood in defence of their liberty and country as long as they could. In justice to this county, I must bear testimony that the States never applied to it for men in vain. I am sure the State must know that we have reduced ourselves to our present feeble condition by our readiness to turn out, upon all occasions, when called for in defence of the common cause. Should we now fall, for want of assistance, let the neighbor-
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ing counties reconcile to themselves, if they can, the breach of broth- erly love, charity, and every other virtue which adorns and advances the human species above the brute creation. I will not attempt to point out the particular cruelties or barbarities that have been prac- tised on our unhappy inhabitants, but assure you that, for the num- ber, history affords no instance of more heathenish cruelty or savage barbarity than has been exhibited in this county."
July 12, Matthew Smith writes from Paxton, (Harrisburg,) that he had " just arrived at Harris' Ferry, and beheld the greatest scenes of distress I ever saw. It was crowded with people who had come down the river, leaving everything."
Same day, Peter DeHaven writes, from Hummelstown : " This day there were twenty or thirty passed through this town from Buffalo Valley and Sunbury, and the people inform me that there are two hundred wagons on the road coming down. I was at Mr. Elder's meeting to-day, and Colonel Clark and Colonel Rodgers made an appeal to the inhabitants to turn out one hundred volunteers," &c.
A letter written by William Maclay, from Paxton, on the 12th, gives a very graphic picture of the distress. " I left Sunbury, and almost my whole property, on Wednesday last. I will not trouble you with a recital of the inconveniences I suffered while I brought my family, by water, to this place. I never in my life saw such scenes of distress. The river and the roads leading down it were covered with men, women, and children, flying for their lives. In short, Northumberland county is broken up. Colonel Hunter only remained, using his utmost endeavors to rally the inhabitants to make a stand. I left him with few. I cannot speak confidently as to numbers, but he had not a hundred men on whom he could depend. Mrs. Hunter came down with me. As he is now disencumbered of his family, I am convinced that he will do everything that can be expected from a brave and determined man. It was to no purpose, Colonel Hunter issued orders for the assembling of the militia. The whole county broke loose. Something, in the way of charity, ought to be done for the many miserable objects that crowd the banks of this river, especially those who fled from Wyoming. You know I did not use to love them, but I now pity their distress."
(Plunket and Maclay were the leading land proprietors who were affected by the Connecticut claim.)
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Colonel Hunter, in another letter, dated later in the day of the 12th, says : "The towns of Sunbury and Northumberland are the fron- tiers, where a few virtuous inhabitants and fugitives seem determined to stand, though doubtful whether to-morrow's sun shall rise on them freemen, captives, or in eternity !"
A letter dated Lancaster, 14th July, from Bertram Galbraith, says : "On Sunday morning last, the banks of the Susquehanna, from Middletown up to the Blue mountain, were entirely clad with the inhabitants of Northumberland county, who had moved off, as well as many in the river in boats, canoes, and on rafts. This I had from Captain Abraham Scott, a man of veracity, who was up at Garber's mills for his sister, the wife of Colonel Samuel Hunter, and spake with a lieutenant, who was in the action at Wyoming. He also seen six of the wounded men brought down."
Robert Covenhoven, (Crownover,) describing the scene nearer home, says : "I took my own family safely to Sunbury, and came back in a keel-boat to secure my furniture. Just as I rounded a point above Derrstown, now Lewisburg, I met the whole convoy from all the forts above. Such a sight I never saw in my life. Boats, canoes, hog-troughs, rafts hastily made of dry sticks, every sort of floating article, had been put in requisition, and were crowded with women, children, and plunder. There were several hundred people in all. Whenever any obstruction occurred at any shoal or ripple, the women would leap out into the water and put their shoulders to the boat or raft and launch it again into deep water. The men of the settlement came down in single file, on each side of the river, to guard the women and children. The whole convoy arrived safely at Sunbury, leaving the entire range of farms along the West Branch to the ravages of the Indians."
At this time occurred the death of John Michael Bashor. Mi- chael Weyland, who survived many years afterwards, often related the story to my informant. He said it was at the time of the Great Runaway ; and as Bashor's name is dropped from the assessment of 1778, it, no doubt, occurred in the first week in July, 1778. I can find no allusion in the Archives, or in any other written record, to the event, which is to be accounted for from the confusion occur- ring at that time. Bashor came to the Valley in 1774, and in June of that year purchased a part of the "Jacob Rees' " tract, near
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New Columbia, of Hawkins Boone. In April, 1777, he sold it again to Richard Irwin, and moved down upon the place of his father-in-law, Peter Swartz, senior, who owned the land from Doc- tor Dougal's nearly up to John Datisman's. Weyland said, him- self and another person pushed a boat over from the east side and took up Bashor's goods, and then pushed out into the river. Bashor went to the stable and got a horse, and attempted to drive some cattle down along the shore. When he got down to the bluff that comes out to the river, at the present limekiln of Honorable George F. Miller, just by a red oak, that was still standing a few years since, he was fired upon by some Indians in ambush and killed. Wey- land and his comrade, who were lying down in the boat, rose to fire, and Weyland was struck on the lip with a spent ball, the mark of which he carried to his grave. He said Bashor was buried on the river bank. I. D. Rupp, who is a descendant of the Bashor family, wrote me that the bloody clothes of John Bashor were still preserved in the garret of his grandfather's house, in Bethel town- ship, Berks county, as late as 1820; and that he talked with a brother of John Bashor, who said he recollected of his brother's corpse being brought home. He said, also, his uncle, Martin Bashor, who used to live near McKee's Half-Falls, told him that John was killed near Georgetown, and a man named Reedy was in company with him. This is certainly a mistake. It shows how uncertain, as to dates and places, tradition is.
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