USA > Pennsylvania > Cumberland County > Biographical and Portrait Cyclopedia of the Nineteenth Congressional District, Pennsylvania > Part 22
USA > Pennsylvania > Adams County > Biographical and Portrait Cyclopedia of the Nineteenth Congressional District, Pennsylvania > Part 22
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John Livingston, John Strohman; 1816, Frederick Eichelberger, Peter Storm, Mich- ael Gardner, John Livingston; 1817, Mich- ael Gardner, Frederick Eichelberger, Peter Storm, Moses Rankin; 1818, Jacob Doll, Peter Reider, Robert Ramsey, Henry Lo- gan; 1819, Jacob Doll, Peter Reider, Robert Ramsey, Henry Logan; 1820, Jonas Dier- dorff, William Nes, John Livingston, Peter Storm; 1821, Jonas Dierdorff, William Nes, John Livingston, Peter Storm; 1822, John Gardner, Samuel Jordan, William Diven, Christian Hetrick; 1823, John Gardner, Samuel Jordan, William Diven, Christian Hetrick; 1824, Samuel Jordan, Christian Hetrick, William Diven, John Kauffelt; 1825, Christian Hetrick, Simon Anstine, John Eichelberger, Michael Gardner; 1826, Christian Hetrick, John Becker, Peter Wol- ford, Stephen T. Cooper; 1827, Stephen T. Cooper, Peter Wolford, John Becker, Geo. Fisher; 1828, Stephen T. Cooper, Michael Doudel, Thomas Metzler, George Fisher; 1829, Michael Doudel, George Fisher, An- drew McConkey: 1830, George Fisher, An- drew McConkey, John Rankin, 1831, An- drew Flickinger, John R. Donnel, John Rankin; 1832, John Rankin, John R. Don- nel, Daniel Durkee; 1833. John R. Donnel, William McClellan, Henry Snyder: 1834. William McClellan, Henry Snyder, Samuel Brooks; 1835, Jacob Kirk, Jr., Joseph Gar- rettson and William Cowan. The last named (1885) is still living in Lower Chanceford at the age of ninety-five years. 1836,-37 Martin Shearer, John Thompson, Samuel Brooks, Jr., 1838, Martin Shearer, James Kerr, George Dare; 1840, Jacob Stickel, William Snodgrass, Robert Mc- Clellan: 1841, Isaac Garrettson, Adam Ebaugh, John May; 1842, Adam Ebaugh, Isaac Garrettson, William S. Picking: 1843, Samuel N. Bailey, M. W. Mckinnon, Wil- liam S. Picking: 1844, William S. Picking, Samuel N. Bailey, Stephen McKinley ; 1845,
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BIOGRAPHICAL AND PORTRAIT CYCLOPEDIA.
Samuel N. Bailey, Stephen McKinley, John Kellar; 1846, James Starr, William Mc- Abee, George S. Murphy; 1847, William McAbee, William Ross, Daniel L. Gehley; 1848-49, George F. Carl, David F. Wil- liams, Thomas Grove; 1850-51, Edwin C. Trone, Alexander C. McCurdy, Jacob M. Anderson, Ezekiel R. Herbert; 1854, Jacob K. Sidle, Vincent C. S. Eckert, Joseph Wil- son; 1855, Eli W. Free, William McCon- key, Daniel Rutter; 1856-57, Isaac Beck, Samuel Manear, James Ramsey; 1858-59, A. Heistand Glatz, William W. Wolf; 1860- 61, Frederick Sultzbaugh, John Manifold; 1862, J. Dellone, James Ramsay; 1863, Jos. Dellone, A. C. Ramsey; 1864, Daniel Reiff, Jolın F. Spangler; 1865, John F. Spangler, James Cameron; 1866, James Cameron, A. S. Lawrence; 1867-68, Levi Maish, Ste- phen G. Boyd; 1869-70, George R. Hursh, B. F. Porter; 1871-72, Lemuel Ross, Frank J. Magee; 1873-74, George W. Heiges, D. M. Loucks; 1875-76, John B. Gemmill, Emanuel Myers, Adam Stevens, George Anstine; 1877-78, John B. Gemmill, Adam Stevens, Philip S. Bowman, George E. Sherwood, Philip S. Bowman, William Campbell and John Wiest; 1881-82, Wil- liam Campbell, John Wiest, Millard J. Blackford, J. C. Deveney; 1883-84, Millard J. Blackford, J. C. Deveney, Morris M. Hays, Williams B. Bigler; 1885-86, M. J. McKinnon, S. J. Barnhart, J. P. Robinson, Charles Williams; 1887-88, Simon J. Barn- hart, I. C. Dellone, E. C. Strine, H. M. Bortner; 1889-90, I. C. Dellone, J. L. Shil- lito, M. J. McKinnon, H. W. Haines; 1891- 92, Harvey W. Haines, John L. Shillito, David C. Eberhart, Daniel S. Dubs; 1893- 94, Daniel S. Dubs, H. W. Fishel, H. M. Bortner, I. R. Robinson; 1895-96, Wm. H. Long, Chrales A. Hawkins, Chas. M. Kerr, James C. Graham; 1897-98, Chas. M. Kerr, Wm. H. Long, James C. Gra- ham, Reuben R. Kayler.
Prothonotaries: 1749, George Steven- son; 1764, Samuel Johnston; 1777, Arch. McLean; 1786, Henry Miller; 1794, John Edie; 1800, C. W. Hartley; 1806, Wm. Barber; 1823, M. W. Ash, 1830, Richard Porter; 1833, J. W. Hetrick; 1836, Benj. Lanius; 1839, W. Ilgenfritz; 1845, J. R. Donnell; 1851, E. Garretson; 1854, Joseph Holland; 1857, H. G. Bussey; 1863, W. Ilgenfritz; 1866, T. G. Cross; 1869, J. B. Ziegler; 1872, Frank Geise; 1875, W. Y Link; 1878, S. B. Heiges; 1881, W. H. Sitler; 1884, S. B. Hoff; 1887, Emanuel S. Smith; 1890, Henry Boll; 1893, Benj. F. Frick; 1896, Andrew Dellone.
East and West Indian Trail. Over the founding and history of a great east and west Indian trail coming past Gettysburg and York from the North Mountain to the Susquehanna oblivion has settled such im- penetrable gloom that even tradition has not dared to penetrate its depths, and only imagination can vainly conjecture the swift march of avenging war parties and the fearful scenes enacted around the tort- ure stake and in the gaunlet running. Be- neath the shadows of the mountain, in the recesses of the valleys and by the river brink innumerable deeds of horror and massacre were done, and over its route un- numbered warrior bands advanced and retreated during the centuries of Indian occupation.
Population. The population of each of the three counties at each United States census from 1790 to 1890 has been as fol- lows:
U. S. Cumber-
Census.
land.
Adams. York.
1790
18,243
37,747
1800
25,386
25,643
1810
26,757
31,938
1820
23,606
38,759
1830
29,226
42,859
1840
30,953
47,010
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NINETEENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT.
U. S. Census.
Cumber-
land.
Adams.
York.
1850
34,327
57,450
1860
40,098
28,006 68,200
1870
43,912
30,315
76,134
1880
45,997
32,455
87,841
1890 47,24I
33,486
99,489
City of York. From a forest village to the proportions of a Nineteenth Century city tells the story of the growth of York during its one hundred and fifty-six years of existence. York was laid out in 1741, incorporated as a borough September 24, 1787, and chartered in 1887 as a city. Old time fairs were held from 1741 to about 1820, a riot occurred in 1786 to rescue a cow taken for tax, and its post- office was established February 16, 1790, with Andrew Johnston as postmaster. The fire department dated back to April 3, 1772, when the Sun fire company was formed, while the manufacturing interests of the city commence with the making of copper stills by Maj. William Bailey about 1785.' The York gas company was in- corporated January 24, 1849, Prospect Hill cemetery laid out in 1859 and the York Opera house built in 1882. The city is provided with good water works, a well equipped volunteer fire department oper- ated on an electric fire alarm system, and an efficient police department. York has a good electric street railway, while two electric plants furnish street and house lighting and power for manufacturing purposes. The city has good streets, and drainage and a number of building and loan associations. York is a city of homes and churches, is blessed with a good cli- mate, and has a large number of fraternal societies.
We quote from a late writer the follow- ing concerning the City of York:
"The city of York is situated in the Co- dorus valley, in Southern Pennsylvania,
and is the county seat of York county, one of the richest and most fertile agricultural counties in the Keystone State, and in the midst of a country that affords good and cheap living. It is distant from Harris- burg twenty-eight miles, from Baltimore fifty-seven miles, from Philadelphia nincty- four miles and from Washington ninety- seven miles, and eleven miles from the Sus- quehanna river, into which the Codorus creek finds an outlet, and has been made navigable by a series of slack-water pools and locks, completed by a company in 1833. For many years the Codorus creek has served to turn the wheels of industry and furnishes excellent water power for the various operators of milling and ma- chinery. The city of York is surrounded by a picturesque and smiling landscape. The surrounding country is exceedingly fertile and the scenery is very beautiful, giving glimpses of mountain and valley, field and forest. The business portion of the city, which contains many handsome buildings, as will be seen by accompanying views, are beautifully laid out and present an attractive appearance. The line of goods carried in the stores is metropolitan, as regards richness, style and variety. The streets are broad and lined on either side by umbrageous trees, whose overhanging boughs and variegated leaves shelter the many pedestrians from the glare of the summer sun.
"Prospect Hill Cemetery is one of the most beautiful cities of the dead in the country. It lies on a grassy slope on the uplands situated in the northern part of the city. The surface is picturesquely irregu- lar and studded here and there with a large variety of beautiful trees and shrubbery. Art has come to the aid of nature and laid out a system of winding roads and paths that bring to view fresh beauties at every turn. Exquisite and loving care is visible
II
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BIOGRAPHICAL AND PORTRAIT CYCLOPEDIA.
at every point in the neatly kept lots, and beautiful monuments, from the simple headstone or slab to the more elaborate group or pile surrounded by expensive statues of various sizes. There is no lack of costly monuments to the old families, and these stones seen through the leafy vista make a rarely beautiful and impres- sive sight.
"The Catholics have a beautifully laid out and well kept cemetery located in an- other part of the city.
"Manufacturing has been the keynote of York's rapid growth, and it is this feature that makes the future so full of promisc. It is situated within easy distance of the great coal fields and forests of Pennsyl- vania and its railroads lead to all markets. It has a contented working population who own their homes, and it offers unusual in- ducements to the manufacturer. These are described in detail elsewhere. Fuel is cheap, water power is used to some extent, and the facilities for bringing in the raw material and shipping away the finished product are good. Chief among the diver- sified industries are agricultural imple- ments, cigars and tobacco, steam engines and boilers, wall paper, wire cloth, ice ma- chinery, power transmitting machinery, organs and pianos, water wheels, bank vaults, safes and locks, and confectionery. These give employment to thousands of men and women. Late statistics are not compiled, but it is estimated there are 7000 persons in the industrial ranks and that their yearly pay is a good way beyond the million mark. Two hundred and fifty sales- men canvass the markets in the interest of the manufactories, of which there are more than two hundred. Purchasers are found in several foreign countries. It needs but a walk through the factory sections, where are massive, towering mills, running up to six and seven stories, wood-working fac-
tories resounding with the shriek of saws and planers, and on every side evidence of growth to convince one that this is bound to become a great manufacturing city.
"For the establishment and maintenance of a great trade and manufacturing center, the question of transportation is paramount to all other considerations. York is highly favored in this respect by the centering here of several lines of railroads, among which are the Western Maryland, York Southern, N. C. and Frederick Division, the latter two being a part of the great Pennsylvania system, one of the greatest trans-continental routes in the United States, and a road that leads to all markets, and combinedly they offer transportation facilities equal to more favored localities.
PROSPECTS OF THE FUTURE.
"The location of York is one which ren- ders it impossible for any combination of circumstances to arrest its growth, either as a place of business or residence. The past of York having furnished a record of continuous and sustained growth it is a fair presumption that the future will present results of proportionate advance or even accelerated expansion. This is an age of speed, and the industries of the close of the Nineteenth Century are surrounding them- selves with forces and agencies as amazing in their results as those of steam and elec . tricity. Already the developments of elec- trical science have given us a revolution in methods of obtaining motive power which bids fair to supplant all others. In the util -. ization of all the resources which nature has furnished or science unveiled, there is every reason to believe that York will be abreast with the most progressive cities. It has no lack of men with business sagacity equal to the improvement of every oppor- tunity, and it is safe to predict that the historian of the industries of the future will be able to point back to those of to-day as
159
NINETEENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT.
the auspicious beginnings of a greater and brighter destiny."
Carlisle. Quiet, substantial and progres- sive, is the quiet and peaceful borough of Carlisle, the seat of justice for Cumber- land county and a great business center of the Cumberland Valley, whose early growth and present prosperity has resulted from Scotch-Irish prudence and German thrift. Carlisle is named for that historic Carlisle in Cumberland county, England, which like its new-world namesake lies in a valley between lofty ranges of paralleled hills. James LeTort, the French-Swiss, settled on the site of Carlisle about 1720. A Colonial stockade fort was erected at LeTort's some time before 1751, in which last named year the town was laid out. Carlisle was a prominent point in the French and Indian war, became well- known during Revolutionary times and the war of 1812, and felt the heavy hand of war during Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania. Dr. Crooks describes Carlisle in 1839 as follows: "The valley in the midst of which Carlisle stands has often been compared by the imaginative mind to the happy vale of Rasselas. Encircled lovingly on either side by the Blue Mountain ridge, and enveloped in an atmosphere of crystal clearness, on which the play of light and shade produce every hour some new and stirring effect, it was in a measure withdrawn from the tu- mult of the world. The tumult might be heard in the distance, but did not come near enough to disturb the calm of studions pursuits."
Carlisle grew slowly as an agricultural center and college town for many years and its manufacturing interests are of late growth. It is plentifully supplied with pure water, and gas for lighting was introduced in 1853. It has good schools, numerous churches and fraternal societies, and its beautiful Ashland cemetery was laid out in
1865. It has extensive shoe and carriage factories, machine shops and car works. Carlisle is distinctively a place of homes, a town of handsome residences and a literary center.
The population of Carlisle in 1830 was 3,708, which ten years later had increased to 4,350. In 1880 the population of the borough was 6,209 distributed in tlie wards as follows: First, 1,714; Second, 1,202; Third, 1,613; Fourth, 1,680.
Major Andre was imprisoned at Carlisle in 1776, Washington came to the town in 1794, and two years later Louis Philippe, of France, passed through it on his way to New Orleans. "The borough of Carlisle is situated in latitude 40 degrees 12 minutes north, longitude 77 degrees 10 minutes west, 18 miles west of Harrisburg, in the Cumberland Valley, bounded upon eitlier side by the long ranges of the Blue or Kit- tatinny mountains. The town lies in the midst of a rolling country, which is both beautiful and productive. The borough is laid out into wide and straight streets, rec- tangular, well macadamized, and with many trees which particularly during the spring and summer months, add greatly to the beauty of the town. Dickinson college is a noted institution of learning, and the Indian Industrial school seems to be a suc- cessful effort in the attempted civilization of a savage race.
Gettysburg. This town whose name has passed alike into the history of the nation and the world, was founded in 1780 by James Gettys and grew up as the early bus- iness center of the Marsh Creek settlement. Twenty years later it became the seat of justice for the newly established county of Adams, and on March 10, 1806, was in- corporated as a borough, with 83 houses. In 1807 a classical high school was opened and three years later came the Gettysburg Academy, while the Theological Seminary
160
BIOGRAPHICAL AND PORTRAIT CYCLOPEDIA.
was established in 1826, and Pennsylvania College was founded in 1832, thus making the town at an early day a religious and literary center. Fire companies were or- dered as early as 1808, and the first engine house was built in the following year. The first water works was secured by Thad- deus Stevens, and now a large reservoir is kept filled from an inexhaustible lake of pure water having a 70 foot granite roof. Gettysburg has good banking and railroad facilities, and the great battle field and sol- dier's cemetery has made it a famous na- tional resort. The town is well supplied with schools and churches and fraternal so- cieties. The population of Gettysburg in 1880 was 2,814.
Boroughs. Commencing with Cumber- land county we find that Shippensburg was settled by 12 families in June, 1730, but not laid out until 1740,and is second in order of age of the towns in Pennsylvania west of the Susquehanna. Its founder, Edward Shippen, was the grandfather of Benedict Arnold's wife, and in 1750 the first court of justice for Cumberland county convened in it. The early growth of Shippensburg was slow on account of Indian depreda- tions. It was a fort town, is the oldest town in the valley, but was not incorpor- rated till January, 1819. In 1810 it had 1,410 population; in 1840, 1,473; and in 1880, 2,213. Shippensburg has improved greatly since 1880. It became a post town in 1790, has excellent schools and numer- ous churches and is the seat of the Seventh State Normal school of Pennsylvania, while it has two papers and a number of societies and enjoys good railroad facilities.
Mechanicsburg, the second town in pop- ulation and importance of Cumberland county, was laid out in 1820 and incorpor- ated April 28, 1828, being formerly known as Drytown and Stoufferstown. Its popula- tion in 1830 was 554, and in 1881 was 3018.
Mechanicsburg is a manufacturing and agricultural center with water and gas works, and churches, schools and banking and railroad facilities.
Shiremanstown, twelve miles east of Car- lisle, derives its name from Daniel Shire- man, had its first house in 1814, and was incorporated 60 years later. Its population in 1880 was 404, and it is a prosperous railroad town.
Camp Hill is two miles west of the Sus- quehanna river, was known until 1867 as White Hall and became a boroughi in 1885, The White Hall Soldier's Orphan school is at this place whose population in 1880 was 467.
Newburg is between Carlisle and Rox- burg, was laid out in 1819, organized as a borough in 1861, and in 1880 had a popu- lation of 433.
New Cumberland, originally known as Haldeman's town, is on the site of a Shaw- nee village and on the west bank of the Susquehanna river at the mouth of Yellow Breeches creek. It was laid out in 1814 and incorporated in 1831. New Cumberland was an early grain, iron and lumber center, and Governor Geary made it his residence for a number of years. It is a prosperous town, and its population in 1880 was 569.
Newville, founded during the colonial days, and laid out in 1794, is 12 miles west- ward of Carlisle, and was incorporated Feb- ruary 26, 1817. It is a flourishing railroad borough, having a population of 1547 in 1880. It was the home for many years of Wm. Denning, who made the first wrought iron cannon in America. It has a fire de- partment, newspaper and bank, with sever- al churches and societies.
Mt. Holly Springs is at the entrance to Holly gap and almost within the shadow of the South Mountain, deriving its name from the gap and comprising what was known formerly as Upper and Lower
161
NINETEENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT.
Holly, Kiderminster and Papertown. Iron works were built here as early as 1785, and the new founded village and afterwards rapidly growing town became quite an iron and paper manufacturing center. During Lee's invasion in 1863 over 40,000 men passed through Mt. Holly. The town was incorporated in 1873, and is thriving and prosperous, having paper factories, a news- paper, churches and schools and one of the most beautiful streets in the State. Popu- lation in 1880, 1,256.
In Adams county the boroughs are not as large or as numerous as in Cumberland and York counties.
Abbottstown dates back to 1773 for its first settlement, was laid out in 1755 by John Abbott, and incorporated in 1835 under the name of Berwick. It is a rail- road town and in 1880 had 368 population. The name of the borough was changed be- tween 1880 and 1886 from Berwick to that of Abbottstown.
McSherrytown, named for Patrick Mc- Sherry, was laid out November 14, and in- corporated in 1882. It has macadamized streets, a building and loan association, public and parochial schools, the latter held partly in the old convent buildings and under charge of the Sisters of St. Joseph.
Littlestown, on the "Dutch plateau" was laid out in 1765 and incorporated in 1864. It was originally known as Kleina Stedtte, then as Petersburg and finally became Lit- tlestown. The place is thoroughly mod- ernized, and has its complement of churches and schools. The population in 1890 was 991.
East Berlin, in the northeastern part of Hamilton township, was laid out May 8, 1764, and incorporated in 1879. It has been prosperous and in 1890 had 595 pop- ulation.
York Springs, on Latimore creek, was laid out in 1800 under the name of Peters-
burg for Peter Thick the first settler and merchant, and incorporated in 1868 as York Springs, receiving the latter name on account of its sulphur springs. Its popula- tion in 1890 was 340.
New Oxford was laid out in 1792 as Ox- ford Town, and incorporated August 1874 as New Oxford. It is a railroad town, was the seat of New Oxford medical college during its existence and has a very fine cemetery. It had 585 population in 1890 and is a prosperous town.
York county contains the largest number of boroughs of any county in the Nine- teenth Congressional district.
Hanover, one of the most important towns and business centers of Southern Pennsylvania, was laid out in 1763 or 1764 by Richard McAllister. The name was given in honor of Hanover, Germany, at the suggestion of Michael Tanner, a native of that German duchy. Hanover was not in- corporated until 1815 and has had an event- ful history. The postoffice was established in 1794, the first bank was chartered in 1835, and the first industry of importance was wagon-making. Numerous industries are now carried on at Hanover. The fire department traces its existence back as far as 1780, gas was introduced in 1870, and two years later a water company was organ- ized, while old time fairs were kept up for many years. Hanover has excellent rail- road facilities which it utilizes for many present purposes. Its schools and churches are numerous and flourishing, while many facilities exist for future prosperity. The population in 1890 was 3,746.
Entomology. Rev. Frederick V. Mel- sheimer and his sons, Rev. John F. and Dr. Ernst F., of York county, have been called the "Fathers of American entomo- logy." Rev. F. V. Melsheimer in 1806, published the well known catalogue of In- sects of Pennsylvania. It was a work of
162
BIOGRAPHICAL AND PORTRAIT CYCLOPEDIA.
60 pages and classified 1363 species of beetles. The Melsheimer collection of ento- mological specimens was bought by Louis Agassiz and is now in the museum of Har- vard College. It contains 5,302 species, 14,774 specimens, and was sold for $250.
Rev. D. Ziegler, of York borough, was an eminent entomologist and his collection was also bought by Agassiz and is now in the Harvard College Museum. The Ziegler collection consists of 5,302 species of in- sects with 11,837 specimens.
NECROLOGICAL BIOGRAPHIES
NECROLOGICAL BIOGRAPHIES.
H ON JEREMIAH S. BLACK. Jere- miah S. Black was born in Somer- set County, Penn., January 10, 1810, and received the usual education in the schools of the neighborhood of his home. His father, Henry Black, was for twenty years an associate judge of that county, was a member of the State Legislature and a representative in Congress. His mother was born in York County, and was a daughter of Patrick Sullivan, who came to this country about the year 1790; was a captain in the Revolutionary war, and was married in York County, whence he re- moved to Somerset. The future chief jus- tice and statesman very early evinced a predilection for the higher order of litera- ture and classics, and such studies prepared him for the exercise of that forcible rhetoric so eminent a characteristic of his subsequent literary and forensic disputa- tions. He studied law with Chauncey Forward, Esq., of Somerset, and was ad- mitted to the bar before he was of age. When Mr. Forward was elected to Con- gress his business was intrusted to Mr. Black, who was soon after appointed deputy attorney general for Somerset county.
In 1842, at the age of thirty-two years, he was appointed by Gov. Porter, president judge of the Sixteenth Judicial District of Pennsylvania, succeeding the Hon. Alex- ander Thompson. He very soon attained distinction as a judge, and became known throughout the Commonwealth as one of its judicial lights. The law was then, as it
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