USA > Pennsylvania > Colonial records of Pennsylvania, Vol. III > Part 65
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" Hen. Tregeny,
" Edward Singleton,
" ARTICLES of Agreement Indented, Made, Concluded & Agreed " upon at Philadelphia, the twenty third day of the second Month " called Aprill, in the year One thousand seven hundred and one, " between WILLIAM PENN, Proprietary and Governor of the " Province of Pennsylvania and Territories thereunto belonging, on " the one Part, AND CONNOODAGHTOH, King of the Indians "inhabiting upon and about the River Sasquehannah in the said " Province, And WIDAAGH, (alias Orytyagh,) KOQUEASH and " ANDAGGY-JUNKQUAGH, Chiefs of the said Nations of In- " dians, And WOPATHTHA King, & LENROYTUNGH, & "PENROYNJOOAGH, Chiefs of the Nations of the Shawonnah " Indians, And AHOOKASSOONGH, Brother to the Emperor, for " & in Behalf of the Emperor (& Weewhinjough, Cheequittagh " Takyewsan & Woapatkoa, Chiefs,) of the Nations of the Indians " inhabiting in & about the Northern part of the River Potomock, " in the said Province, for and in Behalf of themselves and Succes- " sors, and their several Nations and People, on the other part, as " followeth :
" THAT as hitherto there hath always been a Good Understand- "ing & Neighbourhood between the said William Penn and his " Lieutenant since his first Arrival in the said Province, and the " several Nations of Indians inhabiting in & about the same, so there " shall be forever hereafter, a firm & lasting Peace continued between " the said William Penn, his Heirs and Successors, & all the Eng- " lish & other Christian Inhabitants of the said Province, & the said " Kings & Chiefs & their Successors, & all the several People of the " Nations of Indians aforesaid, and that they shall for ever hereafter " be as one head & one heart, & live in true Friendship and Amity "as one People. ITEM, that the said Kings & Chiefs (each for " himself & his People Engaging,) shall at no time hurt, Injure or "Defraud, or suffer to be hurt, Injured or Defrauded, by any of "their Indians, any Inhabitant or Inhabitants of the said Province, " either in their Persons or Estates. And that the said William " Penn, his heirs and successors, shall not suffer to be Done or Com- " mitted by any of the Subjects of England within the said Province, " any Act of Hostility or Violence, Wrong or Injury to or against " any of the said Indians, but shall on both sides at all times readily
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" do Justice & perform all Acts & Offices of Friendship & Good " Will, to oblige Each other to a lasting Peace as aforesaid. ITEM, " that all & every the said Kings & Chiefs, & all & every particular " of the Nations under them, shall at all times behave themselves " Regularly and Soberly, according to the Laws of this Government, " while they live near or amongst the Christian Inhabitants thereof. " And that the said Indians shall have the full & free privileges & " Immunities of all the said Laws as any other Inhabitants, they " duly Owning & Acknowledgg. the Authority of the Crown of Eng- " land and Government of this Province. ITEM, that none of the " said Indians shall at any time be Aiding, Assisting or Abetting to "any other Nation, whether of Indians or Others, that shall not " at such time be in Amity with the said Crown of England & of " this Government. ITEM, that if at any time any of the Indians, " by means of Evil minded Persons & Sowers of Sedition should hear " any unkind or Disadvantageous Reports of the English, as if they " had Evil Designs agst. any of the said Indians, in such case such " Indians shall send notice thereof to the said William Penn, his " heirs or successors, or their Lieutenants, and shall not give Cre- " dence to the said Reports, till by that means they shall be fully " satisfied concerning the Truth thereof, and that the said William " Penn, his heirs & successors or their Lieutenants, shall at all times " in such cases do the Like by them. ITEM, that the said Kings " & Chiefs & their successors, & People, shall not suffer any strange " Nation of Indians to settle or plant on the further side of Susque- "hannah, or about Potomock River, but such as are there already " seated, nor bring any other Indians into any part of this Province, " without special Approbation & Permission of the said William " Penn, his heirs & successors.
" ITEM, That for the prevention of Abuses that are too frequently " put upon the said Indians in trade ; that the said William Penn, " his heirs & Successors, shall not suffer or permit any Person to " trade or commerce with any of the said Indians, but such as shall " be first allowed or approved of by an Instrument under the hand " & seal of him, the said William Penn, or his heirs or Successors or " their Lieutenants, and that the said Indians shall suffer no Person " whatsoever to buy or sell or have commerce with any of them the " said Indians, but such as shall first be approved as aforesaid.
"ITEM, that the said Indians shall not Sell or Dispose of any of " their Skins, Peltry or Furs, or any other Effects of their hunting, " to any Person or Persons whatsoever out of the said Province, nor " to any other Person but such as shall be authorized to trade with " them as aforesaid, and that for their Encouragement the said Wil- " liam Penn, his heirs & Successors, shall take care to have them " the said Indians, duly furnished with all sorts of necessary goods " for their use, at Reasonable Rates.
"ITEM, that the Potomock Indians aforesaid, with their Colony, " shall have free leave of the said William Penn, to settle upon any " part of Potomock River within the Bounds of this Province, they
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" strictly observing & practising all & singular the Articles afore- " said, to them relating.
"ITEM, the Indians of Conestogoe and upon and about the River "Susquehannah, and more especially the said Connoodaghtah their " King, doth fully agree to, and by these presents absolutely Ratifie " the Bargain & Sale of Lands lying near and about the said River "formerly made to the said William Penn, his heirs & Successors, " and since by Orytyagh & Andaggy-junkquagh, parties to these " presents confirmed to the said William Penn, his heirs & Succes- " sors, by a Deed bearing date the thirteenth day of September last, "under their hands & Seals, duly Executed ; and the said Connoo- " daghtah doth for himself and his Nation, Covenant and agree that " he will at all times be ready further to confirm and make good the " said Sale according to the Tenour of the same, and that the said "Indians of Susquehannah shall answer to the said Willm. Penn, " his heirs & Successors, for the good Behaviour and Conduct of the " said Potomock Indians, and for their performance of the several " Articles herein expressed.
" ITEM, the said William Penn doth hereby promise for himself, " his heirs & Successors, that he and they will at all times show " themselves true Friends and Brothers, to all & every of the said "Indians, by assisting them with the best of their Advices, Direc- " tions & Councils, and will in all things Just and Reasonable Be- " friend them, they behaving themselves as aforesaid, and submitting " to the Laws of this Province in all things as the English and other " Christians therein Doe, to which they the said Indians hereby "agree and obliedge themselves and their Posterity forever.
"IN WITNESSE whereof the said Parties have, as a Confirma- "tion, made mutual Presents to each other : the Indians in five Par- " cells of Skins, and the said William Penn in several English Goods "and Merchandizes, as a binding pledge of the premises never to be " Broken or Violated, and as a further Testimony thereof, have also "to these presents Interchangeably sett their hands and seals the " Day and Year above written :
"Connoodaghtah, [L. s.]
" Wopaththa, [L. s.]
" Andaggy-junkquagh [L. s.]
" Ahookassoongh, [L. s.]
" Takyewsan, [L. s.]
" Koqueeash, [L. S.]
" Lernoytung, [L. s.]
" Weewhinjough, [L. s.]
" Woapatkoa.
[L. S.]
"Signed, Sealed and Delivered in the presence af
" Edward Shippen,
" Nathan Stanbury,
" Alexander Paxton,
" Penroquenichchan,
X maik
"James Streater,
his
" J. Le Tort,
" Passaquessay,
mark
"Jut Hans Stellman,
" James Logan,
" Indian Harry, alias Showydooungh, Interpreter, M his mark.
" Penroyajooagh, [L. s.]
" Cheequittagh, [L. S.]
" Widaagh als.
" Orytyagh, [L. s.]
" John Sanders,
his
" Caleb Pusey,
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MINUTES OF THE
" You see by these Deeds & Articles, that all the Indian Chiefs of " that time fully acknowledged that the River Sasquehannah and all " the Lands on both sides of it, were our Father's. And you also " see that the great Treaty of Friendship then made, was not for " three Generations only but forever, that is as long as the Sun & " Moon shall endure, or Water to flow in the Rivers, which is the Lan- " guage that has always been used on these Occasions. And as you " now see this, and have one of the Writings in your own hands, you " should always in some Number of years, get some honest English " Man to read that Paper to you, that the Contents of it may be " kept in Remembrance.
" These Articles you see were made principally with the Sasque- " hannah Indians, who then mostly lived at Conestogoe ; And the " Shawanese, as their friends, came also, under our Father's Protec- "tion, and entred into the same League. It were to be wished that "their whole Nation were made sensible of this, and those of that " Nation who were now here are desired very carefully to acquaint " the rest with what they have seen & heard here.
" And now on these heads there remains no more, that we should " here most solemnly Ratify & Confirm all these Articles so far as " they relate to Friendship and Union, to be observed not only by " us but our Posterity to all Generations."
The Indians were then told that to morrow or next day a Return would be made to their Present, in such Goods as they might most want.
Civility, in the Name of all the Indians, expressed their Satisfac- tion with what had been spoke & read unto them.
The Indians being withdrawn,
And the Board entring upon the Consideration of the Present, an Estimate of the Value of the Skins delivered by the Indians was pro- duced and is as follows.
107 Fall Deer Skins, at 1-9 each £973
21 Ordinary, at 1 110
35 Indian drest, at 3-6
626
4 Raccoons, at 1-6 060
2 Bear Skins, at 4 080
£17 49
It being considered that the Charges of their Entertainment in town will rise high, the Value of Thirty pounds in Goods suitable for them is thought sufficient, & a List thereof being made, the Trea- surer is desired to provide them. E.
At a Council held at Philadia, August 4th, 1735. PRESENT :
The Honble THOMAS PENN, Esqr., Proprietor.
The Lieutenant Governor. Samuel Preston,
Clement Plumsted,
Ralph Assheton, Thomas Griffitts.
Esquires.
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PROVINCIAL COUNCIL.
The Indians being likewise come & seated.
The Proprietor told them that having at the former meeting fully ratified & confirmed all the Articles of Friendship between this Go- vernment & the several Nations in whose Name & Behalf they were come hither, these following Goods are now given to bind our Words, to wit :
Four fine Guns, Twenty pounds of Powder,
Eiglit Strowds,
Forty pounds of Lead,
Eight Blankets, Thirty Knives and
Eight Shirts,
Fifty Flints.
Four Hats,
With some Rum, Pipes, Tobacco and Bread.
The Governor then spoke to the Indians by the Interpreter as fol- lows :
" My Friends & Brethren :
"Our Honble Proprietor having returned an Answer in behalf of " this Government, to what you delivered, & having ratified with " you all those great Articles of Peace and Friendship so long since " concluded between you & us, I am now to speak to you of a mat- " ter of the greatest Importance to the Preservation of our mutual " Friendship and good Understanding.
" You are fully sensible from what has passed at this present time, " as well as from what has been the Subject of all our former Trea- " ties with the Indians, that the doing of exact Justice to each other, " is the foundation & Groundwork on which all the Articles of our " Treaties are built, and which ever of us fails in this Point, contra- " dicts by their Actions what in the strongest Words and Expre sions " we have mutually agreed to perform. I need not say much to show " how exactly carefull we have been to give the Indians all reason- " able Satisfaction in every matter for which they could have any just " Ground of Complaint, & you may all remember that when two of " our People had been so wicked as to kill two of our Indian Friends, " we brought the guilty Persons to a Trial in the same manner as if " they had killed a white Man, and they both suffered Death for the " Crime they Committted. We have therefore the greatest Reason " to expect from the Indians, that in cases of the like Nature they " should be exactly carefull to deal by us as we do by them, and we " think ourselves ill treated if the least Delay or Hesitation is made " in doing us Justice, when any of our People have suffered by the "Wickedness or Folly of yours.
" Ullaloes, the Ganawese Chief, may remember that in the Sum- " mer 1733, he came hither with Four others of that Nation, to Sat- " isfy us that there was no Truth in a Report that then was spread, " of three of their young Men having killed two white People in " Virginia, the Winter before. Ullaloes assured us he had seen the " Scalps that those young Men had brought home; that they were " of Indians, & not of white Men, and that these Ganawese War- "riors entirely denied they had been guilty of any such Crime as " was laid to their Charge. But however they may have endea- " voured to impose upon you, whom we believe to be honest and VOL. III .- 26
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" good Men, yet it is but too true, that in the back parts of Virginia " they cruelly Murdered a poor Man and his Wife, & scalped them " both. The Information of this affair has been so particularly given " to the Governor of Virginia, and there are so many concurring " Circumstances now discovered by the Accounts of several who saw " & conversed with those Indians on their Return homewards, that " we cannot but believe them guilty. And as that Governor has " demanded those guilty persons to be delivered up to him to be "punished, I must require of you the Names of those Indians & " that you will order them as soon as possible to be secured ; and if " you will undertake to carry them to Virginia, & deliver them up " to the Governor there, he hath assured me that he will receive " you as his friends, and give you an handsome Reward for your "trouble."
The Governor hereupon delivering a large Belt of Wampum told the Indians he expected from them a full and satisfactory Answer.
The Indians having for some time consulted together, Ullaloes, the Ganawese Chief, answered by the Interpreter :
" Brethren :
" It is true when I came here about this matter, I told you I had " seen the Scalps, and that they were of Indians and not of white " Men : when I returned home I was very careful in making a fur- " ther Enquiry, but I could find out nothing that could make me " believe those were guilty whom you suspected. I thought this " whole affair had been long since at an End, and did not expect " that after we had renewed together our Leagues of Peace & Friend- " ship it would again have been mentioned ; but whether those three " Indians of our Nation who returned that year from the Southward " were guilty or not, they are not now alive, for, in a fight with the " Flatheads, last Spring was a year, near Roanoake River in North " Carolina, they were all killed, as a young Man now here named " Enachscappi, who was in that fight, and saw them with nine more "fall before he fled, can fully testify."
Ullaloes then desiring that the Governor would take back the Belt of Wampum was asked whether the Person called the Gana- wese Collonel was not one of the three ; he answered no, he was then at Patowmack hunting, and was not further to the Southward; that he is alive ; would have been here at this time, but having burnt his Leg is not able to travel.
The Governor receiving back the Belt of Wampum, told the In- dians that what he had now said proceeded from another Letter which he had lately received from the Governor of Virginia, but as the accused Persons whether guilty or not are dead, it is to no pur- pose to mention any thing further of them. That he must caution all those now here from suffering any of their People to goe into those parts for the future, without some sufficient Credential from this Government to show that they are come as Friends, for otherwise they may expect to be treated as Enemies, the Governor and People of Virginia being greatly provoked at the inhuman Barbarity of the
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PROVINCIAL COUNCIL.
late Murther, which must undoubtedly have been committed by none but Indians.
The Indians promising to take all proper Care herein, and adding that they intended to sett out to morrow on their Return home, were invited to drink a friendly Glass, after which they took leave of the Proprietor, Governor and Council.
The Board then taking into Consideration the Services of Conrad Weyser the Interpreter, on the present Treaty and on the two late Messages from the Six Nations, are of Opinion that the sum of Twelve pounds be paid him for his Trouble.
And that the Account exhibited by him of £6, 12, 8, expended for Provisions lodged at Shamokin for the Entertainment of the In- dians of the Six Nations, who were expected there this Summer, be likewise allowed.
And the Provincial Treasurer is desired to pay the same accord- ingly. E.
At the Courthouse of Philadia, August 26th, 1735.
PRESENT :
The Honble PATRICK GORDON, Esqr., Lieut. Governor. With some of the Magistrates.
Eighteen Switzers, who, with their Families, making in all forty five Persons, were imported here in the Billinder Oliver, Samuel Merchant, Master, from South Carolina, were this day Qualified as usual, and their Names are hereunto subjoined :
Hans Bucher, Lazarus Wanger, Hans Koller,
Ulrich Meysler, Jacob Stelly, Christian Weber,
Christian Brenholtze,
Ulrich Willem,
Hans Michel Pingly,
Johannes Otter,
Christian Swalher,
Jacob Wilhelm Haross,
Hans Lyinburger,
Pieter Henckels,
Abrahanı Mauslin,
Hans Lyinburger, junr.
Johannes Marti, E.
Hans Bucher, junr.
At a Council held at Philadia, September 10th, 1735.
PRESENT :
The Honble the Proprietaries .*
James Logan, Samuel Preston,
Thomas Griffitts, Ralph Assheton, Charles Read.
1 Esquires.
Clement Plumsted,
Thomas Laurence,
* The Governor was indisposed.
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MINUTES OF THE
Hetaquantagechty & Shekellamy, with three other Indians, com- ing to Town yesterday, on a Message from the Six Nations, were now heard, & by Conrad Weyser Interpreter, Hetaquantagechty said as follows :
That the Six Nations had sent to him & Shekellamy two of those Indians, who are now present, to witt : Sayadiock & Cannughskaya, with an Excuse to be delivered to us, for their not coming this Fall to Philadelphia, as they had intended. That they had considered fully of all that had been treated of between this Government & them, & were determined to have brought a full Answer to it, but their Chiefs being obliged to meet the Governor of New York at Albany about this time, they could not for that Reason come hither. That they are concerned lest we should think from so long a Delay that they may have neglected what passed between us, but that we may depend on it, that some of the principal Men of each Nation will visit us early in the Spring, & send Notice to us of their com- ing.
And hereupon he presented some Strings of Wampum.
He then Proceeded to say, that at the great Treaty held here three years since, the Six Nations were desired to join with us in endea- vouring to bring back the Shawanese from Allegheney, to whom, with our Words on that Occasion, we had desired that a Belt of Wampum then given might be presented. That according to our Desire some Chief men of the Six Nations had gone to Allegheney, & carried that Belt with five others from these Nations ; that they had delivered them to the Shawanese there, & had been very pressing with them to return towards Sasquehannah, assuring them that the Six Nations would take them under their Wings & protect them, but that the Shawanese had entirely refused to leave that place, which they said was more commodious for them, that nevertheless they accepted of all the Belts, & in return of them had given others.
Then presenting the Belt in return to that from this Government, he said the Shawanese gave it with Expressions of their being in perfect Friendship with us, and desiring to remain so.
He added hereupon that one Tribe of those Shawanese had never behaved themselves as they ought; they seemed not to have good Designs ; the Six Nations were not satisfied with them.
That he must now acquaint us with a melancholly piece of news, occasioned by these Shawanese That a great Man of the Tsanan- dowas named Sagohandechty, who lived on Allegheny, went with the other Chiefs of the Six Nations, to prevail with the Shawanese to return; that he was the Speaker, & pressed them so closely that they took a great Dislike to him, and some Months after the other Chiefs were returned, they seized on him & murdered him cruelly. That the Six Nations greatly resented this Barbarity, and think it ought not to pass unrevenged, but they would willingly have our Advice on the Occasion ; and whether as that tribe of the Shawa- nese has fled to the Southward, it might not be proper to write to the Governour of Virginia, who is a warlike man, to acquaint him
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PROVINCIAL COUNCIL.
with what they have already done, and what Mischief they may still doe if they are not cut off.
Hetaquantagechty then delivered a Letter addressed to the Gover- nor of Pennsylvania, from one Ab. Wendall, dated from the Tsan- andowas' Country, & wrote in low Dutch, giving an Accot. of what had happened to Sagohandechty, as related above which some Chiefs of that Nation had desired might be wrote & sent by the two Mes- sengers, lest they should want an Interpreter when they came thither.
It was then asked them how many of the Chiefs of the Six Na- tions went amongst the Shawanese, & of what Nations they were, & their Names.
To which they answered that Togohaghski, of the Onandagoes, Aronghuana, of the Cayooges, Sonytowana & Achscutax, of the Tsanandowas, with the other Indian Chief that was killed, were the Persons.
They added that the Tribe of Shawanese complained of is called Shaweygira, & consists of about thirty young Men, ten old Men, & several Women & Children ; that it is supposed they are now returned to the place from whence they first came, which is below Carolina.
Being asked if they had any thing further to say, they answered they had finished what they had to deliver.
The Indians being withdrawn,
The Board on considering this Message, are of Opinion that since the Chiefs of the Six Nations had thought fitt to have it committed to writing, a written Answer should be in like manner returned, the Substance whereof might be interpreted to these Messengers, & Mr." Logan was desired to prepare the same.
E.
At a Council held at Philadia., September 12th, 1735.
PRESENT :
The Honble the Proprietors .*
James Logan,
Ralph Assheton,
Samuel Preston,
Samuel Hasell, Esq'rs.
Clement Plumsted,
Thomas Griffitts.
Thomas Laurence,
The preceeding Minute being read, a Draught of a Letter to the Chiefs of the Six Nations, in Answer to that wrote by Mr. Wendall, was laid before the Board, & being read was approved, & is in these Words :
" Our very good friends & Brethren,
" We have received by your Messengers, Syadioch & Cannugh- " skaya, the Letter wrote by your order by Abraham Wendall, with
*The Governor continues indisposed.
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MINUTES OF THE
" a string of Wampum, acquainting us, that according to our Request " some of your People had gone to the Indians settled on Ohio, & " endeavoured to perswade them to come & live nearer to you & us, " but they would not hearken ; your Messengers further say you had " delivered the Belt we sent to the Shawanese, which they had re- " ceived, & had sent another for us which we have also received ; & " that they declared tho' they could not return back they would live. "in Peace. When our good Brother Tyoninhogaroe was with us, " we gave him very good reasons why those People should return " both for their own advantage, & for yours, & ours. We are very " much grieved for the Loss of that great Man, our good Friend, " whom those barbarous People murthered. Those that did that " wicked Act we hear were strangers, that came about four years " since from the Westward or Southward to Ohio, but we know not " from whence, nor to what parts they are gone, but we shall en- " quire, and if we can learn we shall inform you when we see you ; " for as three Summers are now past since we hoped to see some of " our good friends of the Chiefs of the Six Nations here, we shall " not now doubt but according to your Letter we shall see some " Chiefs of each Nation next Spring, & then we may discourse fur- " ther of all these matters. In the mean time, as we mourn with you " for the Loss of that good Man, We send you by these Messengers, " six Handkerchiefs to wipe and dry away tears, and as you have " endeavoured to preserve Peace & Friendship amongst all the Na- " tions & People about you, we hope the same will continue both " Northward & Southward. We also send two Strowds to confirm "this Letter, which is put both into English & Dutch, that you may " the more easily get it read & Interpreted ; we have also acquainted " your Messengers with the Substance of it, that they may relate it " to you.
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