USA > Pennsylvania > Encyclopedia of Pennsylvania biography : illustrated, Vol. III > Part 9
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FIELD, George B. Wood, Physician, Professional Instructor and Anthor.
Dr. George B. Wood Field is a represent- ative of a family, members of which, in several generations, have attained eminence in the medical profession.
Richard Field, grandfather of George Bacon Wood Field, was born in England, and was a student of Sir Astley Cooper ; also a graduate of the University of Lon- don, and a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
Cridland Crocker Field, son of Dr. Rich- ard Field, was born February 18, 1817, on board the ship "Ann," on her arrival from England, within the bounds of Queens county, New York. In his name was in- corporated that of Captain Crocker, who commanded the vessel, and who covered him with the American flag. The family settled in Philadelphia, where the lad received an excellent education. After completing his literary studies he read medicine under the tutelage of Dr. William E. Horner, and later entered the University of Pennsyl- vania, graduating in 1837 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. The following year he opened an office at Bethlehem, and after a short time removed to Easton, where he practiced his profession almost uninter- ruptedly for fifty years, attaining special eminence as a surgeon. He married Susan- nah, daughter of Jacob and Susan Free- man, and the following children were born to them: William Gibson; Emma, wife of Dr. R. W. Amidon, of New York City; Belle, wife of Henry D. Carryl, also of New York City; E. Horner, and Charles, de- ceased; George Bacon Wood, mentioned below; and Benjamin Rush, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Dr. Field, the father, died December 3, 1886, widely and sincerely lamented, both as an able and conscientious physician, and sur- geon, and a public-spirited citizen.
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George Bacon Wood Field, son of Crid- land Crocker and Susannah (Freeman) Field, was born February 1, 1859, in Easton, Pennsylvania, and received his preparatory education in the public schools of his native city, graduating in 1876. Choosing as his life work the profession in which numbers of his ancestors had gained distinction, he began a course of medical study under the preceptorship of his father, later entering the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which institution he graduated in 1881, receiving the award of distinguished merit for his graduation thesis. While a student at the university he founded the H. C. Wood Med- ical Society, an organization which has since grown to be one of the most powerful among the students' societies. After graduating, Dr. Field at once entered upon the practice of his profession, which he has continued to the present time. Second only to his en- thusiasm for his chosen profession is his devotion to music, his talent for which de- veloped at a very early age, and to the study of which he has given all the time consistent with due attention to his professional duties. Music has been all his life his great delight and recreation and he enjoys the friendship of many world-famous artists.
As a loyal son of Easton, Dr. Field has ever given his lively interest and hearty co- operation to all projects for the welfare and progress of his native city, and is a member of its board of trade. He is a fellow of the American Medical Association and a mem- ber of the State and County Medical So- cieties, and affiliates with the Chi Phi fra- ternity. His political associations are with the Democratic party and he is a member of the Protestant Episcopal church.
Dr. Field is the author of "Contributions to the Physiology of the Spinal Cord and Adjacent Parts," and has contributed articles to the "Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases," and the "Journal of Physiology."
Dr. Fields married, April 24, 1883, Mar-
garet Alice Pyatt, and they have been the parents of two children: Cridland Crocker, who died August 9, 1901, and Margaret Susan, who survives. As a citizen, Dr. Field has labored for reform and good government. As a physician, his record is worthy of a representative of a family the name of which, "on both sides of the sea," is synonymous with distinction in the med- ical profession.
McCAUSLAND, William Clifton, U. S. Steel Company Official.
Pittsburgh is perpetual. The Iron City has within her the germs of age-long growth and endurance. From base to capital her wealth is real because it is the product of the brains and ability of real men,-men of the type of William Clifton McCausland, treas- urer of the Carnegie Steel Company and officially connected with other industrial and financial organizations. Mr. McCausland has been, thus far, a life-long resident of his native city and is prominently associated with her most essential interests.
Mr. McCausland's ancestors belonged to the Clan MacAuslane, of Glenduglas, Scot- land, some of whom migrated to Ireland in the time of James the First, served in the army of Ireland before 1649, and settled in Tyrone. There was also a branch which emigrated to Ireland in the time of James VI., from the ancient Scottish house of MacAuslane, (or the son of Auslane), of Buchanan. The family has representatives at present in the nobility of Ireland and possesses large estates. The coat-of-arms are: Or, a boar's head erased between three boars passant az. armed or. langued gu. and charged with a crescent of the sec- ond. Motto: Virtus sola nobilitas.
Sometime during the latter part of the seventeenth century, the exact period not known, there came to Carlisle, Pennsylva- nia, a stranger, John McCausland by name, fresh from the classic grounds of old Glas- gow, Scotland, highly equipped and finely
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qualified as an educator of youth. In his personal appearance he was above the aver- age stature, a noble specimen of a Scottish- Irishman, a man of fine manners and ad- dress. He found a vacancy at Carlisle in the line of his purpose, as an educator, where he was soon installed and actively engaged in his business. The unsettled and demoralized condition of the country at that period of our history superinduced by the long oppression of the colonies by the Mother Country in her cruel and unjust exactions, together with the severe struggle of the Revolution for our liberty and inde- pendence, made the schoolmaster quite an important factor in the upbuilding of our nation and country, and hence at this time there was quite a demand for well qualified men for the high schools springing up everywhere, and Carlisle soon found a rival for her prince of the birch rod. Staunton, Virginia, had heard of his fame and put in a strong call and such inducements as caused him to remove thither with his fam- ily, consisting of three children, a son and two daughters-James, Elizabeth and Patsy -he being a widower at the time. James, the son, remained in Cumberland county, having married a wife there. Elizabeth married a Mr. Hugh Glenn, a farmer ; and Patsy, who was reputed to be peerless for her queenly beauty and dignity, married a Captain Samuel Frame, one of the "upper ten," a wealthy farmer, by which marriage they had two daughters ; the first born, Mal- vina, seemed to have inherited all the moth- er's grace and beauty at her maturity, and married a Colonel Cheatwood, of Ken- tucky, a distinguished lawyer, and with her younger sister left for that state. Mrs. Hugh Glenn raised a family, the elder, a son George, seeming to inherit largely the taste and talent of the grandfather for literary pursuits. After maturing he engaged in the mercantile business and married a wife, a Miss Polly Anderson. They had one child as the result of their marriage, and named him after his grandfather, Hugh
Glenn. During his minority his father mi- grated to Paris, Pike county, Missouri, and after the education of his boy he prepared him for the medical profession. The boy, however, had some wild oats to sow, and as a starting point arranged an expedition with others across the plains on the old Santa Fe route to Mexico, which proved a success, and thus encouraged, he tried a second and third, and so on until he became quite a mark for the marauding Indian parties who infested the country and lived by murdering and plundering the traders. He had some very narrow, indeed miraculous, escapes of his life. He concluded to stop off on that line and try something else. In the mean- time he had married a wife, in pursuance of a school boy arrangement and left her at his father's, in Missouri, while he proceeded to sow out his stock of wild oats. His next enterprise was to purchase a large body of the, fine wheat raising land in California, and turned his attention to wheat growing in which he seemed remarkably successful. In the year 1876 he had some forty-five thousand acres sowed in wheat, independent of what he realized from a ranch he had be- come the owner of in Nebraska, and also another in Oregon, which was under the management of his son. He shipped his wheat direct to England. About this time he was taken up by one of the parties as a candidate for governor of California, against his wish, and was only defeated by a small majority. About this time there was. a palatial mansion with beautifully laid out and decorated grounds, the fancy castle of some foreigner, put on the market for sale. It had cost some hundred thousand dollars, and Dr. Glenn became the purchaser, for some fifty thousand dollars, and christened it "Glenn Wood."
James McCausland, the son who remained in Cumberland county, married Patsy Bell, a daughter of one of Mifflin township's farmers.
About the year 1804 he found his way to the neighborhood of Staunton, Virginia.
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where his father was still located as the principal head of the school. James was rather inclined to roving, and for several years did not settle himself permanently, and became more dissatisfied as he pro- longed his stay. He was a staunch opposer of slavery, and having now seen its practical workings he determined to leave and return to Pennsylvania, and as this period included the time of our last war trouble with the Mother Country (England), it fell to his lot to have a share in that little unpleasant- ness, and it caused him by exposure in camp life a serious loss of health from which he never fully recovered. He had a family of ten children, five daughters and five sons-John, the elder; Andrew Bell, Sam- ttel Bell, William A., and James ; these com- posed the McCausland stock to perpetuate the grandfather's name.
William Clifton McCausland was born August 9, 1861, in Fourth avenue, Pitts- burgh, and is a son of William A. and Margaret (Mackerel1) McCausland. His education was received in the public schools of the Fourth Ward of Allegheny. Not only in the matter of acquiring an edu- cation may Mr. McCausland be said to have "walked in the steps of his illustrious predecessor." His first employment was that of a messenger boy, in which capacity, as everyone knows, the greatest of the steel magnates (Carnegie) entered upon his world-famous career. The parallel may be traced further, for Mr. McCausland, who was employed by Bradstreet's Mercantile Agency, did not long remain in the humble position in which he began. By dint of close observation, joined to innate ability, he speedily acquired sufficient knowledge of the ways of business to fill the position of cost clerk and purchasing agent for the firm of Bailey, Farrell & Company, with whom he remained eight years. After spending another year as bookkeeper for the Iron City Tool Works, he became in 1887 assistant bookkeeper for the H. C. Frick
Coal Company. Three months later he was made cashier-a fact which speaks for itself -and retained that position until 1890, when he became cashier for Carnegie, Phipps & Company, Limited. As the years went by, his duties broadened, and con- fidence in his ability became more and more firmly rooted, in consequence of which he was appointed, on the consolidation of the two Carnegie interests, cashier of the en- larged corporation. In 1900 Mr. McCaus- land's work and character received their most signal recognition. He then became assistant treasurer of the Carnegie Steel Company, and the changes incidental to the acquirement of the Carnegie Company by the United States Steel Corporation ad- vanced him to his present position.
To give a complete history of the Car- negie Steel Company approximates to the impossible, so extensive and conspicuous have been its exploits in steel manufactur- ing. From an insignificant beginning, the business has grown in half a century into an aggregation of great plants, and has aston- ished Europe by the scope and rapidity of its production. In 1858, Andrew and Anto Kloman, in a wooden shed, in a suburb of Pittsburgh, set up a forge and trip-hammer, successfully making axles out of scrap, An- drew Kloman, by his inventive genius, in- venting one of superior quality. This was the starting point. To supply the demand for Kloman's axles, increased capital was soon required, and $1,600 was invested by Thomas N. Miller, who arranged that in the enterprise he should be represented by Henry Phipps. The Civil War brought government contracts, and the original crude plant proved inadequate. In 1863 was erected what was for those times an extensive mill, and about this time Thomas M. Carnegie, with funds said to have been furnished by his brother Andrew, became the business associate of Kloman, Phipps & Miller. The world knows the rest-how the company, by the magnificence of its
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achievements, has caused the United States to surpass Great Britain and every other competing nation.
Among the various subsidiary corpora- tions in which Mr. McCausland is in- terested, is the Carnegie Land Company, in which he is a director. He is also treas- urer and director of the Clairton Steel Com- pany, treasurer of the Union Steel Com- pany, and a director in the Pittsburgh Life and Trust Company. Ability to read the future is one of Mr. McCausland's most marked characteristics, and this, joined to his accurate knowledge of men, renders his official services peculiarly valuable, and has enabled him to supply himself with as- sistants who seldom fail to meet his expecta- tions.
No citizen is more keenly alive to the promotion of the welfare of Pittsburgh than is Mr. McCausland, and while he has al- ways been too busy a man to take any active part in politics, nevertheless, as a vigilant and attentive observer of men and measures, he renders loyal support to all movements which, in his judgment, make for the betterment of existing conditions. His political principles are those of a staunch Republican. Ever ready to re- spond to any deserving call made upon him, he is widely but unostentatiously charitable. He takes special interest in musical matters, and for some years was president of the Apollo Club, also belonging to the well known Haydn Quartette, and filling the place of tenor in the choir of the East Lib- erty Presbyterian Church. His club mem- bership is in the Country Club of Pitts- burgh, the Duquesne Club, Bellefield Club, Pittsburgh Athletic Association, and Penn- sylvania Society of New York.
The clear mind and indomitable determi- nation which, in combination with the strictest integrity, have constituted the foun- dation of Mr. McCausland's success, are imprinted upon his countenance. He looks what he is-a rapid-fire business man, of keen vision, quick judgment and unfailing
self-reliance. It has often been said of him that he glories in obstacles, and his extra- ordinary success in overcoming them would seem to corroborate the statement. Genial and courteous on all occasions, and of unswerving loyalty in friendship, he is be- loved of many and respected by all.
Mr. McCausland married, February 9, 1893, Margaret Alice, daughter of Robert L. and Annie (Bockstoce) Crouch, thus gaining the life companionship of a charm- ing and congenial woman, one fitted by native refinement, a bright mind and a thorough musical education, for the social position she occupies, and withal possessed of a perfect domesticity, a combination of traits which renders her an ideal helpmate for a man like Mr. McCausland, who is de- voted to home life and home ties, and whose strenuous duties imperatively demand that he find at his own fireside a place of refuge and repose. Both Mr. and Mrs. McCaus- land delight in the exercise of hospitality, and their beautiful residence in the East End is a scene of much entertaining. Their summer home, "Cedar Cliff," is a lovely place on Wolfe Island, Canada.
Among the steel cities of the world, Pitts- burgh is supreme. Her steel works and blast furnaces give employment to seventy- five thousand men, and have carried the prestige of American industrial achievement to the remotest ends of the earth. The city owes this imperial era of her history to men who, like radium, seem to possess the secret of perpetual energy-such men as William Clifton McCausland.
WALLACE, Robert L., Educator, Lawyer.
The Scotch-Irish descent of Robert L: Wallace, of New Castle, Pennsylvania, is traced to the Wallaces of Scotland and to county Antrim, Ireland, where lived Rob- ert and Mary (Knox) Wallace, whose sons James, John, Robert and Samuel came to America before the Revolution. They par-
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ticipated in that struggle for liberty, and later scattered in Western Pennsylvania and aided there in the establishment of farms and homes, churches, courts and modern civilized conditions. The profes- sions of law and medicine have been favor- ite ones in this family, while statesmen and business men have also borne this honored name. Farmers originally, many have con- tinued in that occupation, and progressive, prosperous agriculturists are not uncommon in this family.
William Wallace, father of Robert L. Wallace, was born in Lawrence county, Pennsylvania, and was widely known, not more for his extensive farming and stock dealing operations than for his upright- ness of character and the perfect fair- ness observed in all his private business transactions, and in the many public posi- tions he filled.
Robert L., son of William and Esther (McChesney) Wallace, was born in Pulaski township, Lawrence county, Pennsylvania, April 16, 1876. He attended the public schools, obtaining an excellent education, then entered Poland (Ohio) Union Semi- nary. Later he taught three school years, and in the vacation intervals himself at- tended summer schools, specializing in his favorite branches. He then entered Grove City College (Pennsylvania), where he was graduated Ph. B., class of 1899. He then taught in Darlington Academy (Beaver county) one year, and for another year was principal of the Enon Valley High School (Lawrence county). All this pre- paratory work had been with the law as his final goal, and in 1901 he entered the law office of Hon. J. Norman Martin, of New Castle, continuing study under that able preceptor until December, 1902, when he was admitted to the Lawrence county bar, and soon afterward to practice in the State Supreme Court. He at once opened offices in New Castle, where he is now well estab- lished in a general practice extending to all State and Federal courts in his district. He
is a member of the State and County Bar Associations, and has attained a leading position among the younger members of the Lawrence county bar.
He is a Republican in politics, and has always taken an active interest in public affairs. In 1906 he was elected to the City Council, and in 1907 was chosen president of that body. In that year he was also a delegate to the Republican State Conven- tion and in 1908 was chosen to represent Lawrence county in the House of the Gen- eral Assembly. He made an honorable record as a legislator, served on important committees, and in 1910 was again elected to the same office. During his two terms he served on committees-judicial, general, municipal, corporations, agriculture, and was chairman of the iron and coal com- mittee. He was not an ornamental member of these committees, but a worker, influen- tial in shaping and forwarding important legislation. During his second term he was one of the leaders of the Independent Re- publicans of the House, and one of the most aggressive members of that body of men who carried their spirit of inde- pendence, to the point of defiance of machine domination. His service to his State will not be unrewarded, and greater honors from an appreciative constituency surely await him. He is a member of the United Presbyterian church, active in church and Sunday school work. He stands high in the Masonic order, holding the thirty-second degree, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite.
He married, August 27, 1903, Edna, daughter of Jonathan Freese of Indiana, Pennsylvania. Children: William L., Robert Eugene and Esther Clare.
FULTON, Henry W., Physician, Philanthropist.
Among those benefactors of mankind whose talents, in whatever direction they may be exercised, are used for the relief
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and uplifting of humanity, there is no larger class than that formed by the votaries of the noble profession of medicine. Their close study, their unwearied research, their cease- less activity, are all for the relief of suf- fering. The records of the physicians of Pittsburgh form one of the brightest pages of her history, but not one shines with a purer lustre than does that of the late Dr. Henry W. Fulton, who for thirty-five years ministered with all the resources of his pro- found learning and extraordinary skill to the inhabitants of his home city.
Henry W. Fulton was born November 5, 1838, in Derry township, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and was a son of Robert and Hannah (Bovard) Fulton, the former a representative of one of the oldest and largest families in the western part of the Keystone State. The boy grew up on the ancestral farm, and in youth became prominent in church work, and was a mem- ber of the choir in old Salem church. He attended a select school in New Derry for several terms, under the supervision of Professor J. I. McCormick. He then taught school for three winters. In 1859 he became a student in Elders Ridge Academy. In 1861 he dropped his studies and enlisted on the first call for three months' troops, re- enlisting for three years, September 16, 1861, in Company K, 53rd Regiment Penn- sylvania Volunteers, under command of Col- onel John R. Brooks, afterwards major general in the regular army, and chief of staff of the United States Army.
Soon after his enlistment in the 53rd Reg- iment he was selected for the signal service, and January 3, 1862, he was detached from the regiment and ordered to report at Washington, and soon after was appointed a sergeant in the Signal Corps. His intelli- gence, high moral character and reliability fitted him well for this especially hazardous branch of the army, in which he served for the remainder of his term of enlistment. His record was an enviable one and is found fully in the United States archives. He
frequently received honorable and special mention-seven times in all-from his su- perior officers, the chief signal officer re- porting, "Sergeant H. W. Fulton as worthy of especial mention for being attentive, faithful and intelligent, doing his duty nobly and sending messages rapidly and cor- rectly." On one occasion a report from Sergeant H. W. Fulton determined a move- ment of the whole Army of the Potomac. His observations were usually made from a tall tree, where he was a target for the sharp shooters of the army. Their bullets often barked the tree close to his body, while he used "the little flag that talked to the commanders of the Union forces." Dr. Fulton was a member of McPherson Post, No. 117, G. A. R., and was a close student of war literature, leaving a large number of personal war records in the possession of his wife.
Upon his discharge from the army he en- tered the service of the Western Union Telegraph Company as cashier and receiver at its Pittsburgh office, which position he held for some years. During this time he pursued the study of medicine, and in 1872 he graduated from Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, cum laude, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine, and at once opened his office for practice in East Liberty, where for a period of thirty-five years he labored continuously, building up a large and lucrative practice among all classes of people, to whom he especially endeared himself as a skillful and faithful Christian physician. By his professional brethren Dr. Fulton was highly esteemed, being frequently consulted in the most difficult cases, by reason of his reputation for sound judgment combined with deep and com- prehensive medical knowledge. With un- usual professional experience he united a charm of manner, a buoyant optim- ism and a capacity for enduring friend- ship that cause his memory to be still cherished in many hearts. He was earnestly devoted to his profession and
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