USA > Pennsylvania > The Biographical encyclopedia of Pennsylvania of the nineteenth century. Pt. 2 > Part 10
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ning far ahead of his ticket in the whole district; indeed, but for the Republican tendencies of the rural portion of the population, he would have been elected. On one occasion, his name, unknown to him, was presented by his friends to the Convention as candidate for the position of Judge of the Supreme Court ; he received a very flattering complimentary vote, but, being influenced by no judicial aspirations, refused thereafter to have his name used in that connection. In October, 1872, he was chosen by the Democratic Conven- tion as Delegate at Large to the Constitutional Convention, and was placed by the President, William M. Meredith, upon one of the most important committees -- that on Legis- lation-continuing to labor zealously in that capacity until the report of the committee was made to the Convention, and by it adopted, when he returned to Lancaster to attend to his professional duties. Until the decease of Mr. McEvoy, he was a member of the well-known firm of Evans, McEvoy & Co. For many years, he has been a vestryman in the St. James Episcopal Church, and is warmly and generously interested in all charitable and benevolent movements. As a politician, he is upright and fearless, and a prominent leader of the Democratic party; while as a lawyer, he possesses superior ability, and is considered one of the most influential members of the Lancaster bar. Ile was married, December 13th, 1858, to a daughter of Wil- liam B. Fordney, formerly a distinguished lawyer of Lan- caster county ; she was also a granddaughter of William Jenkins, who, in his time, was one of the most cminent attorneys in the State.
IBSON, JOIIN BANNISTER, LL.D., late Chief- Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, was born in Shearman's Valley, Pennsylvania, November Sth, 1780. Ile was the son of Lieu- tenant-Colonel George Gibson, an officer of the Revolutionary Army, who fell in St. Clair's expe- dition against the Indians on the Miami, in 1791. Ile re- ceived his preparatory education in the grammar school attached to Dickinson College, and subsequently studied in the Collegiate Department, from which in due time he grad- uated. He entered the office of Thomas Duncan, who was afterward an Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of Penn- sylvania, and passed through a severe course of reading for the legal profession, and was admitted as an Attorney at Law at the bar of Cumberland county in 1803. He first opened his office at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and after a few years removed to the town of Beaver, in the same State. From this latter locality he changed to Hagerstown, Mary- land, and shortly afterward returned to Carlisle. In 1810, he was elected by the (then) Republican party as a Repie- sentative in the lower branch of the Legislature, and was re-elected the following year, during each session filling prominent stations on committees, etc. In July, 1813, he was appointed President Judge of the Eleventh Judicial
District of Pennsylvania, and three years after was commis- sioned an Associate Judge of the Supreme Court, which at that time was considered equivalent to a life tenure, the appointment being " during good behavior." At the death of Chief Justice Tilghman, in 1827, he was appointed by the Governor to succeed him. In 1838, at the date of the adop- tion of the then New Constitution of the State, he resigned his office, but was immediately re-appointed by the Gov- ernor. By a change in the Constitution, making the Judi- ciary elective, his seat became vacant in 1851. During the same year he was elected an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, being the only one of the former incumbents who was nominated by the Democratic party. Ile discharged the functions of his office until attacked by his last illness. Ile died in Philadelphia, May 3d, 1853.
AILLY, JOSEFHI ALEXIS, Sculptor, was born in Paris, France, January 21st, 1825, and is the son of Joseph Philidor Bailly, a manufacturer of cabinet furniture, and a man of great mechanical genius, which has descended to his son. As he grew up his taste for carving wood began to be developed, and he manifested aspirations towards marble. Ilis father permitted him to spend some time under the in- struction of Baron Bozio of the French Institute, where he acquired, at a very early age, his first ideas of sculpture. Shortly after he was taken into his father's factory, where he was employed in turning wood and carving it into orna . mental articles of domestic utility. At the end of a year he left his father's and found employment elsewhere as a wood- turner, and subsequently worked in M. Kammer's establish- ment as a wood carver. After remaining here some time he resolved to travel around the country, and in the course of his wanderings reached the Gothic castle of the Marquis de Lussac, in Tourraine, and here he satisfactorily carved all the grotesque heads of the " gargogles " or corbels which supported the cornice. He worked in stone during the summer and in wood during the winter, but gradually dropped the latter. His first statuette was that of a shep- herd, for which he received forty francs; it was but the work of a few hours, but it was pronounced of merit. The mo- tive which prompted its production was to obtain the neces- sary funds to celebrate the " Mardi-Gras." He afterwards celebrated another festival of not uncommon occurrence in the French capital. He was a conscript of the Garde Mobile, but in the revolution of 1848 he found himself en- listed in the Republican cause, and having shot at his captain, whose hat he wounded, and being in danger of a court-martial, he with some difficulty escaped from France and reached New Orleans in safety. Ile landed with less than a half cent in his pocket ; before he had been in the city two hours he found employment, which he commenced the next day, and at the end of three days received $40, which he
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had fairly earned. Ile remained in that city, living frugally | until he reached the first toll-gate on the Germantown turn- and coining money, until the yellow fever season set in, pike, and while loitering here chanced to meet with one Robert Scarlet, landlord of the Spring House Tavern, eigh- teen miles distant on the Bethlehem turnpike, who engaged him for hostler, his compensation being his board, six dol- lars a month, and as much money as he could obtain from the guests. Ile passed six months at this place, and during that time had saved $183. He was next hired by George Thorpe, innkeeper at Skippackville, Montgomery county, who was to pay him $40 per month, but he was obliged to refund his employer all the gratuities lavished upon him by the strangers stopping at the house. Ile continued here until he had saved $550, and then growing tired of this life, he became a journeyman in a brick yard. Between these two occupations he alternated for several seasons, but in the second year of his brickmaking the owners of the yard had a difference with the " boss," which resulted in his dis- charge and the offer of the post to him ; he accepted it, and for four months of several successive years earned $15 a day, so that when the financial crisis of 1837 dawned upon the country, and his labors came to an end, he had on de- posit in bank the sum of $16,000. This he loaned on mortgage to one Isaac Shoemaker, the security being a farm ; but the owner of this farm being a scoundrel, con- fessed judgment to his son to the full value of the property, when he turned his face northward, and after a short sojourn in New York, proceeded thence to Philadelphia, where, in 1850, he began the business of wood carving at the corner of Dock and Walnut streets. Soon after this he sailed with his wife to Buenos Ayres, where he remained a year, and on his return resumed business on his own account, but afterwards became a member of the well-known firm of Vollmer & Co., manufacturers of cabinet furniture. This relation, however, was soon dissolved, and he opened a sculptor's studio first at Earle's picture gallery, where he was burned out in the great fire of 1854, when the Chinese Museum and adjoining buildings were destroyed .; , Ile then removed to Struther's Marble Works, where he remained until 1870. Subsequently he established his own marble works and studio near Chestnut street bridge. While en- gaged in wood carving he had produced several busts and statues in marble. The advantages offered to art students by the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts were of such a character that they could not be overlooked by one who felt his calling was that of a sculptor. .; He understood .the value of discipline and patient practice, and for six years was an earnest student at the Academy:, Ile was elected an Academician in 1856. His first large statue, was that of Franklin, modelled for the building now occupied by the which was seized by the sheriff, sold, bought in by the son, Mercantile Library, but subsequently removed. to the and the mortgagee swindled out of his entire sum. Years afterwards he was sent, for at midnight by Shoemaker, who Ledger Office. The statue of Washington in front of Inde- pendence Ilall is also from his chisel. Two of his great fon his death-bed was troubled with the recollection of his works are in Laurel Ilill Cemetery : one, a : life-size figure in bronze of a well-known banker; the other, a. marble statue of Grief. But his master-pieces are unquestionably the two groups of " Adam and Eve after the Fall," and " The First Prayer." lle was married, in 1850, to Louisa, youngest daughter of Louis David, a native of Brie, France.
PIELMAN, JACOB, Merchant, was born in the towii of Dieffenbronn, Grand Duchy of Baden, about the year 1812. Left an orphan at an early age and without means, he was apprenticed to a shoemaker in his native village. Not being satis- fied with his trade or its surroundings, when he had reached the age of thirteen years he concluded to run away. With funds amounting to but thirty cents he man- aged to make his way across France, and reaching Ilavre, enlisted on board a French man-of-war under orders for Calcutta, via Cape Horn. The vessel being totally disabled in a storm on the Atlantic, put into New York for repairs. In due time he obtained the captain's leave to go ashore, but once again on land he neglected to return, and fearing to remain in the city, managed to obtain a small amount of funds by disposing of his watch, and set out for Philadel- phia, which he safely reached. Ile then wandered about
rascality ; but the other, unable to comply with his request, wrote him a note in which he freely forgave him the wrong and the debt. He was now forced to begin the world again, and found employment in a seed store in Philadel- phia, wages $6 per week, which was soon increased to $10, and at the end of the year he received a present of $100 and a further offer equivalent to a stated salary of $900 per annum; With his usual thrift he accumulated $1600, which he embarked in a partnership in a country store, where he lost all his savings in the course of a few months. Returning to Philadelphia, he resumed work for his former employer, with whom he remained until he was disabled by an accident, which it was feared would render him a crip- ple for life. By medical and surgical aid this was, in a great measure, averted, and his employer, pitying his help- less condition, offered to loan him $300, provided he could find an opportunity of buying with that sum a small busi- ness. This he soon found in the northwestern part of the city in the shape of a small grocery store, whose proprietor had become discouraged and was willing to sell out for $100. Ilis friend Grover the seedsman advanced this sum and also enough to purchase a small stock of goods, and he took possession. By dint of industry and a desire to ac- commodate, he met with the greatest success, one specula- tion in pork netting him the sum of $2500. During the prevalence of the oil fever he became interested with a
I Spielman
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number of his friends-himself the largest stock-holder-in certain operations ; and but for his carefulness, sagacity, and personal inspection of the lands purchased, would have suf- fered greatly. As it was, after the speculators had en- deavored to conciliate and afterwards bribe him, he had them arrested, tried and convicted of obtaining money under false pretences, and the lands purchased as " oil tracts," though wholly destitute of the illuminating fluid, were left in his hands, and have since become highly valuable as farming lands. Ile still continues at the corner of Vine and Twenty-first streets, the business to which he owes his prosperity. Ile is a member of the Lutheran Church, and a most industrious, honorable, and valuable citizen. IIe was married, in 1841, to Christiana, daughter of Frederick Herger, then of Philadelphia.
IRKHIAM, WILLIAM, Merchant, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 20, 1794, and is the only son of the late Charles Kirkham, a native of Bath, England, who had married, in America, Deborah Miller, an inmate of the family of Sir William Bingham. While yet a youth, he was taken into the counting-house of his father, a prosperous dry-goods merchant, of whose business he gained a complete knowledge long before he attained his manhood. His father died before he was twenty-one years old, and the concern was therefore carried on in his, mother's name; but his active brain and perseverance caused it to increase, and after the War of 1812 had closed, and the country began to recover from the perilous times through which it had passed, its prosperity was greatly enhanced. Ilis mother died in 1814; but he continued on in the business, and by his prudent management-never having any partner-retired from active mercantile life in 1830, with an ample compe- tence ; and from that period his life, aside from the cares of his household, has been devoted to works of benevolence. In religious belief, he is a Churchman, as was likewise his father. The latter had been connected with St. Paul's Church, and the congregation had acknowledged the gift, with many thanks, of communion linen and prayer books. Ilis son had become a member of St. Stephen's Church when Rev. Dr. Montgomery was the rector. At his pastor's solicitation, he intimately connected and interested himself in the " Society for the Advancement of Christianity in Pennsylvania," being one of its managers for a long series of years, and a co-laborer with Rev. Drs. Morton and Davies. lle was also one of the Trustees of the Endowment for the support of the Bishop of the Diocese. After the death of Rev. Dr. Montgomery, the Rev. Dr. Ducachat succeeded him, and for a time the church was prosperous. In 1839, and for several years thereafter, it retrograded, and it was with difficulty that its temporal affairs could be satisfactorily arranged. At this time, he was a large contributor towards
making up the deficit in the reduced income of the church, and he succeeded in keeping the corporation alive. It was during the latter period of Rev. Dr. Ducachat's ministra- trations that large sums were bequeathed to the church by the will of Edward S. Burd, and subsequently by his widow, and the administration of these moneys fell upon him as the accounting warden of St. Stephen's. That noble charity, the Burd Orphan Asylum, was erected, which will forever remain the monument of its munificent donors, and perpetuate the memory of its founders and those having the management of its inauguration and direction. . For many years, he has been a Director of the Pennsylvania Company for Insurance of Lives and Granting Annuities, of which Charles Dutilh is President. He was married, in August, IS16, to Elizabeth, daughter of George Harding, of Phila- delphia.
URNESS, REV. WILLIAM HENRY, D. D., Clergyman, was born in Boston, Massachusetts, April 20th, 1802, and is the second son of Wil- liam Furness. Ile is of New England lineage; his mother was a descendant of Captain Clapp, who emigrated to America as early as 1629, and became a man of note among the Puritan Fathers. Ile was educated at Harvard University, whence he graduated in 1820. On leaving that institution, he entered the Theo- logical School at Cambridge, Massachusetts, and graduated from that seminary in 1823. Ile was now prepared to enter the ministry, and having received a call from the First Unitarian Society of Philadelphia, to become its Pastor, he accepted the same, and settled in that city in January, 1825. Ile still fulfils the duties of the pastoral office in that congregation, and is the Dean of the Clerical Corps of Philadelphia. During this long connection of nearly a half century, he has become peculiarly endeared to all the members of his flock, which in fact resembles one great family, so cordial are the relations which subsist between themselves, and so filial the regard they entertain toward him. The church under his guidance and faithful- ness, is an active instrument of good, but all in a quiet, unobtrusive way. The humanitarian views, or more properly speaking, the wants of humanity in general, are very zealously advocated by pastor and people. He has held and preached ideas far in advance of the age. For thirty years previous to the late civil war, he was an ardent, fearless, and persistent promoter of the principles of freedom to the slave, and publicly testified to his opinion in many sermons delivered by him on the subject. Ile is quite a voluminous author; and has produced many works of sterling merit, mainly designed to illustrate the character and life of Christ, and embodying much thought and labor in demonstrating the historical truth of His life, as related in the Gospels. Though his essays have been chiefly of a theological character, he has not confined himself exclu-
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sively to such subjeets ; he has published a charming trans- lation of Schiller's Song of the Bell, which is generally admitted by critics to be the most perfect and harmonious rendering of the conception and words of the poet ever given in the English language. Among his other literary works may be mentioned : Remarks on the Four Gospels, 1836; Jesus and Ilis Biographers, 1838; History of Jesus, 1853; Notes on the Life and Character of Jesus of Nasa- reth, 1859; The Veil Partly Lifted, 1864; The Unconscious Truth of the Four Gospels, 1868; Jesus, 1871; The Charac- ter of Jesus Portrayed, translated from the German of Schenkel, 2 volumes, 1866. In 1847, he was honored by his Alma Mater, receiving therefrom the degree of D. D. Ile was married in August, 1825, to Annis P. Jenks, whose grandfather is understood to have participated in the memor- able destruction of the tea in Boston Harbor, December, 1773. By this union he has had three children, two sons and a daughter. ITis eldest son, William Henry Furness, who died, March 4th, 1867, was one of the most gifted portrait painters of his day ; while his second son, Horace Iloward Furness, has acquired the reputation of being one of the finest Shakesperian scholars of this century. Ilis daughter, Mrs. Annis Lee Wister, is widely known as an elegant translator from the German, of the literature of which language he himself is a profound student.
CHIOFIELD, SEVILL, Manufacturer, was born in Lees, near Oldham, England, August 13th, 1832. His father, Joseph Schofield, brought his family to the United States in 1845, and upon their arrival in New York city, at once proceeded to Manayunk, Pennsylvania. There his father en- gaged in manufacturing, and his son, as also his four brothers and two sisters, assisted him by working in the mill without wages. By dint of economy, he succeeded in accumulating seventy five dollars, and devoted this sum to the acquirement of such cducation as was to be obtained at Tremont Seminary, Norristown, Pennsylvania. On his return from school he assumed full charge of the business, and managed it so well as to attract the attention of neigh- boring manufacturers. In the fall of 1856, William Mc- Fadden, of Manayunk, proposed to sell him his mill for $10,000; one-fifth to be paid in one year, and the remainder in ten years. On considering the matter, he deemed it ex- pedient to accept the offer, and having purchased in the name of his father, their operations were transferred to the new location. They occupied but a small portion of the building, and the rent of the balance defrayed the expenses of the whole. His father died in 1857, and his will provided that the property should not be divided during the lifetime of the widow. Ile accordingly conducted it until 1859, increasing her wealth twenty fold, without receiving any stipulated compensation. Having then married, he gave
his mother the interest upon her capital of $16,000, and associated himself with his brother Charles, as S. & C. Scho- field, having the machinery left by their father, and employ- ing six hands. Both brothers worked in the mill, and, by industry and energy, achieved a marked success, and were enabled at the end of a year to refit with new machinery, and in January, 1861, they occupied the whole building. In 1862, they commenced to make blankets for the United States Government, and continued to double their capacity each consecutive year. In 1863, the building was enlarged and filled with new machinery. At this time his brother Charles disposed of his interest in the establishment for $40,000, and retired, thus leaving Sevill sole proprietor. The business was doubled both in 1864 and 1865, and the amount of taxes paid the Government in the former ye.ur nearly reached $90,000. In 1865, he purchased adjoining properties, and commenced improvements which were finished in 1866. IIe fitted the new mills with the finest machinery, and was ready to resume operations, when all the buildings and contents, valued at $225,000, were des- troyed by fire, March 26th, 1867. Nearly all his insurance policies had been cancelled, the companies having increased the premium on the pretext that he was using his engine- room for drying purposes, during the erection of a new dry- house. Undaunted by this catastrophe, he commenced a new structure, and embarked without delay for England to procure a supply of new machinery. A fire-proof edifice was erected, filled with the finest machinery to be procured, and put into operation in 1868. 'Ile has since added other structures, from time to time, until now he is probably the largest individual manufacturer of textile fabrics in the State. IIe employs 600 hands, and the excellent quality of his blankets and cloths has achieved for them an enviable reputation. During the invasion of Pennsylvania, in 1862 and 1863, by the insurgent forces, and in the hour of the nation's extreme peril, he organized a company of volunteers from among his own operatives, and sent them to the front under the command of his brother. During their absence, their wages were continued, and their families provided for. Such is the record of a practical, self-made man, who with- out the advantages of early education, has surmounted every obstacle, supplied the want of capital by the powers of in- dustry and energy, triumphed over reverses that would have crushed many, and shown a recuperative force making him the peer of any of his associates.
ALES, SAMUEL BRADFORD, Merchant, was born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1808. Ile is a son of the late Samuel Fales, a successful and highly respected merchant in that city, who died in 1848. On his father's side, he is the seventh in descent from William Bradford, the first Gov- ernor of Massachusetts, and he is also descended from the Fales family who arrived in Boston about 1636. On his
Israel. Faster.
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mother's side, he traees his deseent from Dr. Otis, of Scituate, cousin of James Otis, of Revolutionary fame, and also from the HIaliburtons of Nova Scotia, Thomas Ilali- burton-author of Sam Slick-being his first cousin. IIe was educated at the Boston Latin School, and subsequently entered IHarvard University, whence he graduated in 1825. Ile afterwards studied medieine for two years with Dr. John Gorham, of Boston ; but having no taste for the pro- fession, discontinued his readings, and, in 1832, went to Philadelphia, where he entered into the importing and commission business at 102 Chestnut street, being associated with Eliphalet Williams, under the firm of Fales and Wil- li.ums. The partnership expired by limitation, in 1834, and was not renewed; indeed, the senior partner at this time retired altogether from mercantile pursuits. He next turned his attention to the fine arts, and studied for a number of years, but finding his health impaired, desisted; neverthe- less, desirous of occupying his mind with some favorite object, he commencel by making a collection of choice engravings, paintings in oil and water colors, bronzes, medals, antiques, and articles of vertu ; and this collection has for many years been a source of pleasure and 'gratifica- OSTER, ISRAEL, Manufacturer, was born in Lancashire, England, December .27th, 180S, and eame with his father to the United States in 1821, "having. received his education in his native country. IIe first went into the woollen mill of Captain Tower, near Manayunk, where he re- mained until the family removed to Blockley township, ·where he worked in Kershaw's Mill. Ile afterwards wove broad-eloth in Irvin & Shaw's Mills at Manayunk, becom- ing manager of their earding and spinning department, and continuing with them nearly twenty years. In 1842, he associated himself with John Augustus Newmann, and began manufacturing cloths and fancy goods at the Falls of Schuylkill. When the firm was dissolved by the death of his partner, he purchased the latter's interest in the business from the heirs, and operated alone until his removal to Cressonville, in 1853, remaining there until the autumn of 1857, when having leased the Tremont Mills, in Frankford, he converted them into woollen mills, and transferred his operations to that point. Ilere he continued until 1863, when he disposed of his lease and machinery to R. Garsed & Brother, with the design of retiring from the manufactur- ing business. These mills occupied both sides of the creek, and comprised not only the original Tremont Mills, but also the Bridge Mill, erected about 1845, by Pilling & Bolton. lle purchased the entire property, March 31st, 1865, and retaining possession of the same exactly one year, sold one Whitaker, and then leased the mills on the west side of the creek, on April Ist, 1866, to the Garsed Brothers. Having associated himself with others, he resumed manufacturing in 1866, and the firm of Israel Foster & Co. continued until 1873, when he assumed the management alone. The mills occupied by Garsed Brothers were entirely destroyed by tion, not only to its possessor, but also to his friends and the public who have visited and still continue to visit it by thousands. Ilis devotion to these high-toned studies was recognized by his being elected a Director of the Pennsyl- vania Academy of the Fine Arts, which he held during the presidency of the late lIon. Henry D. Gilpin. Ile resigned the position in the spring of 1860. On the breaking out of the rebellion, he ranged himself on the side of the Govern -. ment, and by his unselfish devotion to the interests of the soldiers, won for himself a proud and enviable record. For five years, his entire time, day and night, was devoted to the welfare and sueeess of the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, and its adjuncts. le was the Treasurer of its funds, which were raised by the voluntary contributions of the citizens, neither city, State, nor United States Government patronage being given to it. * By his own personal exertions the greater part of its funds were collected ; and when all is taken into consideration, the enormous operations of this saloon, with its three hospitals as adjunets, its bathing facil.ties and other accommodations afforded to the sick and weary soldier, the funds necessary to carry on the operations could not have been meagre. As many as seven thousand men have been fed on its premises within twenty-four hours, and scarcely a day clapsed during the long period of the four years of the war, and the year subsequent, when the troops were mustered out and returning from the field, that the beneficent aid of this noble monument of the | half his interest in the same, in March, 1866, to James patriotism and philanthropy of Philadelphia was not called into play. Sick or well, white or black, Union soldier or Confederate prisoner, all were relieved ; and of the sufferers ' who elosed their eyes in death, within the hospitals, their remains were carefully and sorrowfully laid away to rest in the lot provided by the managers for the purpose. Through
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