USA > South Carolina > History of the Presbyterian Church in South Carolina, Vol. I pt 2 > Part 33
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" We have often heard him describe with the pleasing gar- rulity of age, this first visit to the Calhoun settlement. That evening's hospitable entertainment around the wide old-fash- ioned chimney-the sire in one corner, the fair old matron in the other, and beside her an interesting and only daughter -- after some time a door was opened and a youthful head with very dishevelled locks and strong features, peeped in, but was instantly withdrawn. This was the introduction of the great teacher to his yet greater pupil, J. C. Calhoun ; what a page in his destiny did that door open to the incipient statesman. There sat a slender and smooth-cheeked man, with a bold brow and resolute gray eye, who was to become his future brother-in-law ; and was to be his pilot through the first shoals of his restless and ambitious life! But the young min-
* It is said that those who heard him only in his later years could form but little idea of the depth and harmony of his voice, and the exceeding smoothness and volubility of his diction.
655
REV. DANIEL THATCHER.
1790-1800.]
ister-what were his thoughts ? As dreams are said to be the duplicates of our waking ideas, we shall see. On retiring to rest that night, he dreamed that he had married the lovely Catharine, and that she died soon after her marriage. Though there was nothing remarkable in the dream, there was some- thing strange in the sequel ; for in little more than a year it was literally fulfilled.
" He was at this time, though but little past twenty years of age" [he was twenty-four], "principal of a classical school in Columbia county, Georgia; and soon after his marriage, the young John C. Calhoun, then thirteen years of age, was placed under his care; but upon the death of his wife and father-in- law,* the school was suspended for several years, the young minister devoting himself almost exclusively to missionary labors, which, from the increasing opening of fields before him, and from the peculiar religious excitement now awakening, he felt was demanded of him."
In October, 1796, he was again appointed to preach at John's Island and Wadmalaw. Soon after this, on the 3d of Novem- ber, 1796, the synod of the Carolinas separated the territory southwest of the Savannah, and detached the Rev. John New- ton, John Springer, Robert M. Cunningham, Moses Waddel, and William Montgomery from the presbytery of South Car- olina, and these brethren meeting at Liberty church, Georgia, now Woodstock, on the third Thursday, being the 16th of March, 1796, under the order of synod, held the first meeting of the presbytery of Hopewell ; which was opened by a sermon from Rev. Mr. Springer, from Luke iv. 18. Mr. Springer was elected moderator, and Mr. Waddel clerk ; three elders, Ezekiel Gillam, James Darrach, and Ludowick 'Tuggle being also mem- bers.
The services of Dr. Waddel were through the remaining years of this century bestowed upon Georgia, where he opened a school in Columbia county. The remaining and the larger portion of the life of this eminently useful man belongs to the next century, and we reluctantly refrain from pursuing it here.
There was another eminently useful clergyman who should be held in remembrance by the churches in upper Georgia, as well as by our own-Daniel Thatcher, who was born in New Jersey. His early studies were conducted under Dr. James Hall, at "Clio's Nursery." He was reported as a candidate by Orange presbytery in 1786, and in 1782 as having been ordained.
* Patrick Calhoun, Esq., died February 15, 1795.
656
REV. DANIEL THATCHER.
[1790-1800.
About 1781 or 1782, is, then, the year of his ordination .- (Min- utes of Synod of New York and Philadelphia, pp. 486, 494. Minutes of Assembly, p. 19.) He is reported as a minister of the presbytery of Orange, without charge, in 1789. He sits in South Carolina presbytery as a corresponding member, Oct. 9, 1787, and March 18, 1788. April 13th, 1790, he expresses by letter a wish to become a member and to receive appoint- ments in Georgia. In April, 1791, he is again present, and on April 11, 1793, is received by a dismission from Orange pres- bytery. He continued laboring chiefly, we believe, though not exclusively, in the State of Georgia, until about the com- mencement of the year 1795, when he visited his native State. He then took a mission under the General Assembly into the Genesee and Lake country of New York, for a twelvemontli ; during which he gathered nine churches, administered the Lord's Supper ten different times, baptized twenty-six adults and two hundred and fifty or more children and minors. From views of duty toward God and a people greatly desti- tute of the gospel, he accepted a second appointment as mis- sionary to those frontier parts, not seeing so much of a field opened to his ministry in the South. He thinks it probable that most of his future life will be spent at the North, but hopes to visit his fathers and brethren in two years, if life should be spared. Fearing they would think it wrong that his name should burden their minutes through so long an ab- sence, he requests, unless they should prefer otherwise, that he may be dismissed to the presbytery of Hudson, or serve one more convenient, and that their letter of dismission should be addressed to the care of Rev. James F. Armstrong, of Trenton. His request was complied with. His report was made to the General Assembly, with the information that he had received on his mission £34 18s. 8d. from the people. He was reappointed with other missionaries at the monthly salary of forty dollars, but it is recorded that he died in the month of August, 1796, in the discharge of his important trust, to the great loss of the church.
The following is his account of the origin of some of the churches in Georgia to which he ministered.
GREENE COUNTY, STATE OF GEORGIA. April 2d, 1792.
REVEREND FATHERS AND BRETHREN :- Agreeable to what I have understood, the General Assembly requested of the re- spective presbyteries of the synod of New York and Philadel- phia, and agreeable to the request of your Reverend Body,
657
CHURCHES IN UPPER GEORGIA.
1790-1800.]
I now undertake to give some account relative to the planting and apparent rise of those churches now vacant in these parts, particularly where I am supplying at present.
"I am, etc., " DANIEL THATCHER.
" BETHANY CHURCH, I believe, was settled in the year 1788, and still exists as a church in Harris's settlement, near the waters of Ogeechee, but by frequent deaths amongst the mem- bers of said church, and frequent emigrations of families be- longing to the church, it is at present somewhat fewer in num- ber and strength.
"EBENEZER CHURCH, on the waters of Shoulder-Bone, and in Greene county, was also settled about the close of the year 1788, has gradually been growing in number and strength until the present time, and appears still promising in these respects.
" SILOAM CHURCH, on the waters of Richland Creek, near to, and including Greensborough, was settled about the year 1790 ; has also been increasing in number and strength in some degree until the present time, and appears still promising in these respects at present.
" GOSHEN was also settled about the year 1790, near Greens- borough, is but inconsiderable in number or strength at the present time.
"LITTLE BRITAIN CHURCH, on the waters of Little river, was also settled about the year 1790, and from present appear- ances we trust it may vet become something important.
"BETHLEHEM CHURCH was settled about the year 1789 on the waters of Little river; still exists as a church, but few in number, and seldom supplied, on account of its situation.
" RICHMOND CHURCH, near the Kiokees, settled about the year 1788, and something grown in number and strength since it was settled.
"Some people on Little Ogeechee and on Buffalo waters have lately attempted to congregate themselves in the denomination of Presbyterian churches; yet their prospects are not very superior.'
The following is the Rev. John Newton's history of the churches of New Hope, Beth-Salem, Little Britain, and Siloam, written in 1792 :-
" These churches are situated nearly in a direct line with each other from north to south, on the western frontier of the State of Georgia, in the counties of Elbert, Oglethorpe, and Greene. Of these four churches, BETH-SALEM was the first organized.
658
PRESBYTERY OF HOPEWELL.
[1790-1800-
In the year 1787 the people of this church called Mr. John Newton, probationer, under the care of the South Carolina presbytery, to be their pastor. Their call was accepted, and he, the said Mr. Newton, was ordained in 1788, and did then become, and is still, the pastor of that church. In 1789 and 1790 religion was somewhat lively in Beth-Salem, but at pres- ent a kind of indifference with respect to gospel ordinances too much prevails. The above mentioned churches are made up chiefly by emigrants from the western parts of Virginia and North Carolina, with some few from South Carolina. In the bounds of these churches there are many of the Baptist de- nomination and several Methodists, which circumstance alone is a sufficient reason why they should be weak. No one of these churches alone considered itself able to support a pas- tor. They have greatly suffered by the Cherokee and Creek Indians. Those savages often visit the more exterior parts of the country in small plundering parties, and on such occasions do often commit murder, which is a continual check to the growth of these churches. It is to be observed, however, that under these distressing circumstances NEW-HOPE has increased in strength these two years past, by a goodly number of worthy members of society from the State of Pennsylvania. SILOAM, also, is making considerable advances. It is the most southern of the four mentioned in this history, and lies in and around the village of Greensborough. The lands there are generally of a good quality, and from this village northward to New- Hope, in Elbert county, the lands on the whole depreciate. The people of these churches in general may be said to be neither wealthy nor poor, and possess the necessaries and many of the comforts of life. Luxury has not as yet spread its baleful influence over this people. The lands being fertile, agriculture is. the principal business of the inhabitants. The above mentioned churches have all been formed since the con- clusion of the last war in America, and consequently, are now in their infancy."
The presbytery of Hopewell, when first detached from that of South Carolina, was composed as follows :-
Ministers.
Churches.
Rev. John Newton,
Beth-Salem and New-Hope .*
* On Coldwater, an affluent of the Savannah in Elbert county. The church was formed of immigrants from Pennsylvania, among whom were William Fergus, the Graves's, and others.
659
1790-1800.] PRESBYTERY OF SOUTH CAROLINA IN 1791.
Ministers.
Rev. John Springer,
Churches. Liberty,* Smyrna, t. Washing- ton, and Providence,}
Rev. Robert M. Cunningham,
Bethany and Ebenezer,
Rev. Moses Waddel,
Rev. William Montgomery,
Carmel, Greensboro and Little Britain.
"'Vacancies,' unable to support a Minister."
Sharon, §Joppa,
Fergus Creek,
IGoose Ponds,
Siloam,
TGreat Kioka,
Goshen,
** Kettle Creek,
ttSherril's Creek,
##Falling Creek,
Richmond,
Concord, in Wilkes county,
Hill Salem.
BOOK FOURTEENTH.
CHAPTER .I.
HAVING brought the history of the presbytery of South Carolina down to the formation of the Hopewell presbytery in Georgia, and what. appertains to South Carolina to the close of the century, we will add two statistical tables, one made out by a committee of the presbytery of South Carolina, Oc- tober 1st, 1791, near the beginning of the decade, and one
* Now Woodstock. + Now merged in the Washington church.
# Now Mount Zion, Wilkes county.
§ A preaching station of Dr. Waddel. He " went down to Joppa :" merged perhaps in Lexington. One of his pupils, writing to him from Princeton eol- lege, which he had then entered, compared the preaching he heard in New Jersey with his free and outspoken pulpit discourses at Joppa.
Goose Pond, an affluent of Broad river, in Oglethorpe county.
Great Kioka, an affluent of the Savannah, in Columbia county.
** Site of the battle of Kettle creek, fought by Piekens, Clarke, and Dooly. An affluent of Little river.
tt An affluent of Little river.
tt An affluent of Broad river. There is a Falling Creek also, an affluent of the Oconec.
Il Merged probably in Woodstock.
660
PRESBYTERY OF SOUTH CAROLINA. [1790-1800.
drawn up in 1799, after the Hopewell presbytery was de- tached.
The annual report to the synod of the Carolinas, October, 1791 :-
"The presbytery of South Carolina consists of the follow- ing members, viz. :-
Rev. Joseph Alexander, James Edmonds, £ John Simpson, Thomas Reese,
Thomas H. McCaule,
James Templeton,
Francis Cummins,
" Robert Hall,
« John Newton,
66 William C. Davis, Robert McCulloch,
John Springer,
" James W. Stephenson,
Bullock's Creek,
Salem, (B. R.) Lebanon, (late Jackson's
Creek.)
Rocky River and Hopewell, (late Lower Long Cane.) Upper Long Cane and Green- ville, (late Saluda.)
Beth-Salem. Nazareth and Milford.
Beaver Creek and Hanging Rock.
Smyrna, Washington, and Providence.
Williamsburg and Indian- town.
Mr. Humphrey Hunter,
Licentiates. Mr. Robert Cunningham. Candidates.
George Mc Whorter, Joseph Howe,
Samuel W. Yongue, William Williamson,
David E. Dunlap,
Robert Wilson,
Robert B. Walker,
William Montgomery.
John Foster,
Vacancies in South Carolina, able to support a pastor. Catholic and Purity, Good Hope and Roberts, Hopewell and Aimwell, Bethesda, Waxhaw.
Fairforest and Lower Union, Bethel, Duncan's Creek,
Fishing Creek,
Vacant Societies in South Carolina, unable to support a pastor. Hopewell, on Seneca, Rocky Neck, Ebenezer, Indian lands, Beaver Dam,
1
6
1790-1800.]
IN 1799.
661
Beersheba, Upper Union, Bradaway, Bush River, Cuffey Town, Shiloh, Twenty-three Mile Creek,
Indian Creek,
Ninety-Six, Golden Grove, Rocky Creek, North Pacolet, Reedy Branch,
Little River,
George's Creek, South Tyger.
Vacant Societies in Georgia, unable to support a pastor.
Great Kioka, Siloam,
Bethesda,
Goshen,
Ebenezer,
Salem,
Little Britain,
New Hope,
Sherril's Creek,
Richmond,
Kettle Creek,
Bethlehem.
Falling Creek,
Settled churches, 17
Churches able,. 13
Small and unable, South Carolina, . . 20
Ditto, Georgia,
13
Total,
63
AN Exhibit of the ministers, congregations, licentiates, and candidates in the presbytery of South Carolina, at its division in 1799, collected from the minutes.
The Rev. Joseph Alexander, pastor at Bullock's Creek,
John Simpson,
James Templeton, S. S., " Francis Cummins, Robert McCulloch, James W. Stephenson,
Good Hope Roberts, Nazareth, Rocky River, Catholic and Purity, Indiantown and
and
John Brown,
Robert Wilson, William Williamson,
Robert B. Walker,
David E. Dunlap, Samuel W. Yongue,
Williamsburg, Waxhaw and Unity, Long Cane, Fairforest and S. S. Grassy Spring, Bethesda, Columbia, Lebanon and Mount Olivet,
*
662
PRESBYTERY OF SOUTH CAROLINA. [1790-1800.
The Rev. John Foster, pastor at Salem,
George G. Mc Whorter,
Bethel and Beer- sheba,
James Gilleland,
Bradaway,
John B. Kennedy,
Duncan's Creek
and Little River,
John B. Davies,
Fishing Creek and Richardson,
Andrew Brown,
Bethlehem and Eb- enezer, on Cane Creek.
Licentiates.
William G. Rosborough, John Couser,
George Reid.
Candidates.
Hugh Dickson,
Thomas Neely ..
Vacancies.
Hopewell (Pedee),
Hopewell (Abbeville),
Hopewell (Pendleton),
Beaver Creek,
Carmel,
North Pacolet,
Hanging Rock,
Fishdam,
Shiloh,
Concord,
Horeb,
Miller's,
Bethany,
Aimwell (Pedee),
Aimwell (Cedar Creek),
Rocky Creek,
Greenville,
Ebenezer,
Milford,
Cuffey Town,
Beaver Dam,
Union,
Fairview,
Liberty Spring,
Newton,
Mount Sion, Granby (called Mr. Reid).
Smyrna,
Ministers,. 18
Licentiates, 3
Candidates, 2
Congregations supplied,. 28
Ditto calling for supply, 2
Ditto vacant, 27
Total congregations, 57 N. B .- Mr. James McIlhenny, a licentiate, received from Concord presbytery, and has accepted a call from John's and Wadmalaw Islands.
663
1790-1800.]
REV. JAMES EDMONDS.
Of two of the original members of the presbytery as set off from that of Orange, little has been said of late in these pages. One was the Rev. Thomas Hill, who was one of the mission- aries sent into the province of South Carolina by Lady Hun- tington, at an early period. At the first meeting of the pres- bytery, he was cited before its tribunal, and, failing to appear, was cut off for contumacy. He had fallen a victim to that fell destroyer of so many men in the various professions, " strong drink." A sad ending of the days of one who had held the sacred office for so many years. The other is the Rev. James Edmonds, who was born in the city of London, about the year 1720, and died in the city of Charleston in April, 1793, at the age of seventy-three years. His earlier history has been given on preceding pages, and may be known by consulting the index at the close of this volume. In the records of the In- dependent church, Charleston, February 13, 1757, he is called " the Presbyterian minister," yet he was not ordained by the presbytery, but by the, neighboring ministers, according to the Congregational usage. In 1767 he assisted Josiah Smith and Mr. Zubly in the ordination of John Thomas, sent out to the Independent church by Drs. Gibbons and Conder from London. In 1767 he removed to Sunbury, Georgia, but had returned to Carolina in the year 1770, and was a frequent supply of the Independent church, till the fall of Charles- ton. He had been received, however, as a member of Orange presbytery previous to May, 1774, and attended as a member of the synod of Philadelphia and New York, held in Philadelphia that year. He was present at the sessions of 1783, '84 as a member of Orange presbytery. The resolution of the synod of the Carolinas for the setting off of the presbytery of South Carolina from the presbytery of Orange was read, on the motion of Mr. Ed- monds, in the latter presbytery, October 5, 1784. He pre- sided at the first session of the new presbytery of South Caro- lina, held at Waxhaw, on the 12th of April, 1785, and opened it with a sermon from Mal. v. 14. He was present at a pro re nata meeting at Bethel, May 22, 1785, and preached the ordination sermon of Robert Finley from Psalm cxxxii. 6; again at a meeting, held at Col. Reid's, for the ordination of Robert Hall, July 26 and 27; at Mrs. Pettigrew's, July 28 and 29, for the ordination of Robert Mecklin, whose ordina- tion sermon he preached from 2d Timothy, ii., 15, at Jack- son's Creek, where he opened presbytery as moderator, with a sermon from Mark, xvi. 20. At these sessions he was ap-
664
PRESBYTERY OF SOUTH CAROLINA.
[1790-1800.
pointed to preach at Fairforest, Little River, Indian Town, and Hopewell. Again, October 12, 1786, at Hopewell, and ad- minister the Supper at Indian Town. He attended presbytery at Catholic, April 9, 1787, and was appointed to preach at Paco- let and Ebenezer, and elsewhere at discretion. He was present at an adjourned meeting at Bullock's Creek, October 9, 1787; at an intermediate session at Bethel, December 11, 1787, at which Messrs. Davis and McCulloch were licensed ; at Duncan's creek, October 14, 1788, was ordered to supply at Williams- burg, Indian Town, and Hopewell, (P. D.) He preached at the ordination of John Newton ; was the moderator at Bul- lock's Creek, October 13, 1789, and appointed to supply one Sabbath at Waxhaw; was present at presbytery, Bethesda, September 28, 1790, and was appointed to preside at the ordination of Mr. Stephenson, at Williamsburg, on the first Wednesday in December of that year. His name is men- tioned on the records of presbytery till April 8, 1794, among the absentees.
Thus Mr. Edmonds appears to have been through life, till incapacitated by physical infirmity, a laborious and useful minister, and to have laid the foundations of Zion, and to have strengthened " the things which were ready to die," in . the early periods of our Southern church.
The venerable J. R. Witherspoon, M.D., of Alabama, and formerly of Williamsburg, South Carolina, thus writes of him :
" He was an inmate for several years in my father's family, where all loved him. In the History of South Carolina, by the venerable Dr. Ramsay, vol. ii., p. 29, it will be seen that he became the pastor of the Independent or Congregational church in Charleston, South Carolina, December 15, 1754, and resigned his pastorship of the same about the year 1767; but from what cause it is not stated. But from that period," says Dr. Witherspoon, "it is believed he retired into the in- terior part of the State, for the purpose of establishing or organizing new churches in vacant places, as in Williamsburg, Indian Town, Pee Dee, Jeffries Creek, &c., and in riding about as a missionary, literally doing all the good he could in the cause of his blessed Master. If it should be inquired how, in a state of such indigence, he could travel as he did, it may be answered that he received, as a gift, from that noble-hearted and generous friend, Major John James, of Revolutionary memory, a fine riding horse, supposed to be worth at least $100; and from the writer's father, a valuable servant-boy, as a waiter, and a horse, to attend the worthy old
665
REV. JAMES EDMONDS.
1790-1800.]
gentleman in some of his tours. This servant is still living in the neighborhood of the writer, and, though now far advanced in years, could, no doubt, yet relate many interesting inci- dents of their travels. When not engaged in these tours, he spent the greater part of his time, to the great satisfaction of the family, in the mansion of the writer's father, or in that of his worthy friend and benefactor, Major James, and always found kind friends wherever he went. It has been stated to the writer that he married a Miss Broughton, of Goose Creek, near Charleston, and by her he had one daughter; but by some difference with one of his wife's brothers about the property, he gave it all back, and hence was the cause of his poverty in his after life." (He was married to Mrs. Sarah Broughton, relict of Thomas Broughton, Esq., in July, 1761 .- South Carolina Gazette.) "It is believed his said daughter was afterwards raised by the worthy patriarch of Charleston. After losing his eye-sight, about the year 1790, he removed to the hospitable mansion of his worthy friend, Mr. Josiah Smith, in Charleston, and remained in that mansion until he died, in 1793. Mr. Edmonds was in person rather above the ordinary size of men, weighing, probably, over two hundred pounds ; had a full face and heavy eye-brows; yet he was polite, affable, dignified, and more loquacious than usual for one at his age. His manner of preaching was plain, solemn, and unostentatious ; his sermons were short but practical, and altogether extempore. After the entire demolition of the venerable church edifice, in 1786, near Kingstree, by the descendants of the original founders of the same, or by the party opposed to the late emigrants from Ireland, there being no other suitable building for public worship, Mr. Edmonds occasionally occupied for that purpose Mr. Witherspoon's barn. To show the great respect and esteem in which this good man was held by the writer's family, an elder brother and sister each gave his name in baptism to one of their sons. From the year 1789 or 1790, when Mr. Edmonds became blind, it is believed he removed to Charleston, and remained as a guest in the mansion of his worthy and generous friend, Mr. Josiah Smith, until his death. Whether he ever preached after he lost his eye-sight, is not recollected by the writer. The last affecting interview which they had, was in October, 1792, when the writer was on his journey, via Charleston, to Princeton college, where he acted as amanuensis to his vener- able friend and preceptor, one day in every week during the years 1793 and 1794, and had the honor of graduating in the
666
PRESBYTERY OF SOUTH CAROLINA.
[1790-1800.
last class under that eminent man, the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, then also completely blind, who, notwithstanding, still preached once a month or oftener, in his usual solemn and impres- sive manner. Dr. Witherspoon died 15th November, 1794. Though much more might be added of the character of this worthy gentleman, Mr. Edmonds, as to the labors bestowed by him on the organization of the different churches, Williams- burg, Indian Town, Pee Dee, Jeffries Creek, &c., the writer will close this brief sketch with a remarkable yet authentic incident which occurred a year or two before his death, but while in a state of entire blindness. There was established in the city of Charleston, and in some of the adjacent parishes or congregations, a society for the benefit and support of dis- abled ministers of the gospel, and of their widows and orphans, of the Independent church, consisting of fifty members or up- wards, of which number Mr. Edmonds had always been one ; and, according to a standing rule of the society, every member had to pay one guinea, or £1 sterling, annually ; hence the fund soon became considerable, so that from the interest or annual proceeds, the society could easily carry out one of its principal objects. At one of their anniversaries, and the last that Mr. Edmonds, it is believed, was permitted to attend, but not unmindful of his annual contribution, he went with his guinea in his pocket, and when he was called upon for his contribution, poor and blind as he was, and extraordinary to relate, it was the last cent of money he could command ; nor did he know where he could get the next, except from the charity of some of his worthy and pious friends. But recol- . lecting that his annual contribution might be called for, he had carefully kept this guinea in his pocket for that particu- lar occasion. As soon as he had retired from the church to return to his lodging, a gentleman proposed, as the funds were ample, that the society should vote Mr. Edmonds eighty guineas annually during life; whereupon the venerable Mr. Smith opposed the motion on the ground that he never had, and never expected to charge Mr. Edmonds or his daughter (then a young lady grown) anything for their board and lodg- ings; on the contrary, considered it a favor and privilege to have such guests in his family. It being then suggested that Mr. Edmonds was well, known for his great benevolence, especially for his gratuitous distribution of good books when in his power, the resolution was unanimously adopted, and two of the members appointed to wait upon him at his lodg- ings, and bear him the welcome intelligence. When they
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