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1900
Class F392 Book ·I14M5
3
Memorial 1 1
AND
BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF
Dallas 1
County.
Texas.
ILLUSTRATED . ..
Containing a History of this Important Section of the great State of Texas, from the Earliest Period of its Occupancy to the Present Time, together with Glimpses of its Future Prospects; with Full-Page Portraits of the Presidents of the United States, and also Full-Page Portraits of some of the most Eminent Men of the County, and Biographical Mention of many of its Pioneers, and also of Prominent Citizens of To-day.
-3
"A people that take no pride in the noble achievements of remote ancestors will never achieve anything worthy to be remembered with pride by remote descendants."-Macaulay.
CHICAGO : THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY. 1892.
.
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CONTENTS.
PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.
George Washington.
0
Millard Fillmore.
John Adams ..
14
Franklin Pierce.
Thomas Jefferson 20
James Buchanan 80
James Madison 26
Abraham Lincoln 84
James Monroe . . 32
Andrew Johnson
93
John Quincy Adams 38
Ulysses S. Grant 96
Andrew Jackson 47
Martin Van Buren 52
William Henry Harrison 56
John Tyler
60
Chester A. Arthur 113
James K. Polk. . . ..
64
Grover Cleveland
.
11%
Zachary Taylor
68
Benjamin Harrison 120
DALLAS COUNTY.
IN GENERAL
125
GEOLOGY 129
INDIANS
136
EARLY SETTLERS 147
Peculiar Advantages. 273
Settlers of 1811-'50
151
Future for Dallas. . 275
Early Incidents.
169
Population . 275
Pioneer Association
111
The Post Office
276
ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY
141
Ofllcers.
185
Representation in Constitutional Conventions, etc.
189
First Precinct Boundaries
191
First Records .. 193
193
District Judges 195
COURTHOUSES 199
JAIL ... 202
DALLAS BAR. 203
MEDICAL. .. 201
DALLAS COUNTY IN THE MEXICAN WAR 209
219
Price Camp
212
Religious Services in Southern Camps 218
Grand Army of the Republic.
221
Memorial Days.
TRINITY RIYER NAVINIATION 236
RAILROAD FACILITIES. 245
STATE FAIR, ETC .. 247 Grady's Celebrated Speech
COUNTY SCHOOLS
271
CEDAR IIII.L.
.
.. 335
POST OFFICES IN THE COUNTY 271
DALLAS CITY -
Introductory 272
. ( 'limate 2733
Police 935
286
The Burning of the City in 1460
Health Department.
Street Railways
Dallas as a Financial C'enter. 290
Board of Trade .. 303
Incorporated Companies
Societies, etc. 306
309
Hebrew Organizations.
310
Buckner Orphans' Home.
311
St. Mary's Institute 319
College of Pharmacy 313
The Press.
216
Education
Churches 319
Dak Cliff 324
LANCASTER 3:9
GARLAND 331
MESQUITE
RICHARDSON. .... . .
. . .
. .
337
Dallas ('lub.
310
Labor Organizations. 310
DALLAS COUNTY IN THE CIVIL WAR.
City Officers. 278
Fire Department.
Early Records of the Courts.
R. B. Ilayes. 102
J. A. Garfield. .109
iv
CONTENTS.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
A
Bohny, L. F.
628
Caldwell, S. W. 620
Boll, Henry.
625
Callaway, Jesse 391
Bolton, E. W.
609
Cameron, D. F. 902
Abrams, W. II.
Bond, S. D.
364
Campbell, W. L. 552
Abright, R. W.
379
Borah, Wm. . 1
550
Capy, C. A .. 491
Akard, W. C.
391
Boren, I. T.
421
Carden, A. O. 564
Alford, G. F.
749
Bouche, A. E.
720
Carnes. A. W. 810
Allen, J. W
929
Boulay, D.
392
Allen, S. A.
482
Altermann, C. F
539
Bowser, O. P
897
Arbuckle, J ..
358
Boyce, J. D).
913.
('arter, Isaac.
660
Archer, W. II
1002
Boyd, J. L ... 529
C'aruth, Walter.
Ardrey, A. C ..
855
Boydstun, J. G 580
Armstrong, V. P.
677
Armstrong, W. P.
926
Arnold, J. C.
Braley, W. I. H
736
Chapman, J. C. 847
Ashton, Lawrence
914
Attebery, S. C
52℃
Brandenburg. B. F 458
Childers, J. V. 389
Atwell, B. D.
683
Brauson, Thomas. 578
Childress, A. W 861
720
Clark, M. M.
518
Atwood, W. R.
Brennan, T. F.
915
Coats, Lee. 618
Cochran, A. M.
669
Austin, Frank.
362
Britain, J. M.
371
Cochran, J. H. 685
Cochran, J. M 583
B
Brooks, E. P.
881
Cochran, W. l' 737
772
Coe. W. N.
845
Ballard, J. S. 780
Brown, A. C.
591
Coffey, J. F
449
Baker, D. M 454
Brown, J. W.
577
Baker, J. N. 739
612
464
Baker, J. T. 542
Brown, 'T. . I. A.
804
Cole, J. R2
656
Cole, M. V
310
Cole, Wm. P
629
Bean, S. H
425
Brundage, S.
637
Cole, W. R ..
517
('oleman, L. W.
567
Compton. B.
945
Cone, M. T.
452
Connor, W. O
471
Conroy, J. J ..
848
Beeman, J. E.
747
Beeman, Scott.
355
Coombes, Z Ellis.
804
Cooper, D ..
665
Cooper, T.
34
Corcoran, J. T.
809
Burgoon, Henry 464
Cornelils, August ..
572
Bell, Jackson ..
934
Bell, W. B.
917
Benbrook, Monroe
47-1
Cour, (. A ..
031
Bennett, II. B.
394
Cox, Susan.
92%
Bennett, W. II
452
Coyle, HI. B.
548
Bernard, C. H.
626
Craddock, L ..
783
Bernard, Thomas
889
C
Crawford. J. A. 723
Best, W. E. 444
Cross, S. P.
729
Bigger, J. C.
383
Cabell, B. E .. 944
Crouch, Joseplı.
670
Biair, R A .. 658
Crutcher, G. WV 735
Blakeney, Joseph 396
Cade, Tom . 459
Cullom, W. C. 871
Boales. W. Il.
$98
Caldwell. J F 563
Cummins, W. F.
86G
Carver, Albert. $90
Caven, W. J. 426
Bradford, B. M. 697
Cavender, S. C. 906
Branch, Wharton. 419
Cherry, T. G. 565
Atwell, W. 11. 1009
Branson, B. L 438
Atwood, W. E.
87t
Braswell, S. N. 775
871
Aulick, W. W. 466
Briggs, J. R ..
497
Baker, A. 574
Brown, J. 11.
445
Coffman, B. F.
647
Cole, George C
1001
Barlow, Il. C. 400
366
Brownlee, A.
662 650
Bruton. Richard
958
Beaver, J. T .. 529
Bryan, J. B.
692
Bechtol, Daniel.
544
Bechtol, E. C ..
928
Beckley, J. S ..
586
Buhrer, Jacob. 623
Coolidge, J. B.
894
Bullock, G. T.
453
Beeman, W. H.
85G
Beggs, Thomas.
367
Beilbarz, T. M
728
Burford, N. M
337
Bekkers, W. J
Burke, R. E. 998
Cornelius, A. P.
005
Burke, W. D. 373
Cottman, W. F
568
Burns, J. S .. G84
Bnstrin, W'n. 6:1
Butler. P. J. 784
514
Bryant, W. N
85 t
Buckner. R. C. 468
846
Bailey, T. C. 664
Brotherton, C. R ..
Cockrell, Alexander
Brotherton, H. K.
511
Brown, T. C ..
Cole, J. Il.
Barham, C. F.
Brownlee, J. H.
Baumann, Julius
406
Bramlett, J. M 679
498
Carruthers, S.
Carrell, N. A 906
Bowles, Thomas.
567
Carson, T. F. 937
Abbott, E. A. 988
826
923
Bryan, John.
Bullock, W. C.
Burchardt, A. T 641
775
Cabell, W. L. 605
Chilton, R. Il ..
Britain, Joseph.
.
CONTENTS
C'urtis, J. Il ..
Fisher. W. R .. 720
Curtis, W. F.
Flanagan, R.
Fleming, William
Fleming, G. W. 439
727
Halsell, W. ... 420
Hamilton, 11. 341
Dallas Club. 300
Daniel, J. H. 773
Daniel, J. W 879
Dargan, J. T. 433
Darwin, H. C.
Flowers, T. K.
633
Harrington, B. 1007
Harris, P. P 917
Davis, A. P 3×1
Davis, B. T
Floyu. C. A
540
Davis, F. S ..
759
Davis. J. W
:55
Floyd. J. N
98 2
Harrison. J. B 522
Harrison, W. A 643
Harrison, W. O 512
Harry, O. K. 814
De Frese. G. L
564
Dennett, HI. A. 576
:30
Dilley, G. M.
841
Dennis, A. J
962
Disborough, W.
550
Dixon. J. W.
-421
Furgarson, J. MI 451
Hatch, J. B.
046
Hawpe. G. T.
:99
Heffington, J. ('.
451
Doran, William.
Galloway, B. F. 453
Gano, (. W 760
Gano, J. T.
Hendricks, J. W.
911
Gano, R. M. 999
Henry, R. P ..
598
Hensley, W. R.
Garlington, M. D. 422
437
Hill, W. M. C
69%
Garrison. A.
634
Hobbs, W W
603
Garrison, L. S.
939
Hodge, A. I ..
:19
Garrett, A. C.
602
lodges, G Il.
450
Holland. H. T.
470
Gary, W. A ...
55-1
Holland, I. W.
991
Eckford. ... ...
Gibbs, Barnet
372
Edgerton, MI. T. 077
Gibson, 1. B.
838
Gilbert, (. E.
699
Gilbert, D. W.
511
Ellis, J. Il. . 990
340
Hopkins, S. B.
Gillespie, J. H
G11
Horne, A. McCoy.
Horton, Enoch.
947
Libree, K. H
Golay, V. Il
Housley. ...
4933
Emmios. Il. 1 604
884
Good, 2
516
Howell, J. M
497
Enders, William.
Goodfellow, Moses
4.10
Erwin, Matthew.
848
Goodnight, I. P.
511
Huithines. . I. W. 512
Erwin, S. A. 767
Gracey, C. G
595
Hughes, John V
415
Ewell, G. W
Gracey, M. D. L.
Hughes. W. K.
7:3
Grauwyler, John
-121
Hughes, William Y
Green, Jones 512
Humbard, A. S
Green, J. T. 984
Humpheys. W M
Ilundley. W E
959
Gribble, William B.
655
Hunnicutt, s
Hunt. J. W
Gross, G. B.
ilant, P'. B
Farmer, M. M. 5.71 Gruss, J. M ..
Fendrick, F ¥11
Grove, D. F.
Groves, I. E.
533
Hurt, R. M. 71.
lluvelle, (
473
Finnigan, J. . 715
Guillot, E. E
Fisher, J. C.
Guillot, M
Fisher, B. JI
Gunner, Il
Fisher, T. B.
Gurley, J. W
---
Jaek, ( Hinton.
S29
Doyle, G. L.
Duncan, J. S.
485
Duncan, J. T
040
Durgin, C. H.
Herman, John ..
312
E
Eakin, T. E. 576
Garvin, J. G.
Ilolly, Mary Evangelist.
Holt, P .. 789
Hopkins,
553
Hopkins, Milas.
607
Ellis, T. McKee 641 Ellison, Mark 505 Elmore, A. M 408
Gillespie. I. P.
671
Givens, G. W
619
Horton, Inmes
Goidro. P. H
0:18
Houston, Il. W 693
Huffhines, P. W. 991
Ewalt, N. 507
Gracey. E. A ..
Ewing, J. A. 907
Exall, Henry. 569
F
Fant, C. W. 975
Griffith, J. S.
-02 88.4
Hunter. John
Hurst, John. 799
Ferris, R. A. 780
543
Figh, J. R ... 496
Groves, W. Q. 340
Hallum, E. J. 533
Halsell, E. M. 506
D
Flippen, E.
Flook. L. M T
428
Hamilton, F. MI 912
Hand, John T
453
Florence, J. Il.
Harrell, W. H. 860
Floyd, A. B
953
Harris, W. Il. 499
Floyd, D. A B
969
Harris, William 4.0
Davis, M. M 976
Flynn, Thomas
Foree, S. Il. 961
Foree, Kenneth. 504
Forrester, W. C'. .. .114
Hart, Abraham 704
Hart, I). .. .... 981
Hartnett, J. A. 373
Hash, John $97
Fuqua, G. S. . 537
Haskell, H. N.
470
Dixon. S. H ..
Doolittle. E. W ..
Henderson, J B.
74
Dongherty, W. F .. 1001
Fowlkes, Tilley 818
Dickey. F. J
Franklin, J. B 924
Fuller, George >00
Henderson, W. D.
Hendrick, P. J.
Gano. W. R 1001
Garison, J. C.
Ebrite, L. C .. 407
Edmondson, J. W 408
Elliott, John F
Gillespie, (. B.
Ervav. F. M.
Greer, James 1005
Fargason, L. M.
Florence, D. W 616
Florence, Da.id. 920
Dawdy. A 639
KGVI
9
GEORGE WASHINGTON.
.
GEORGE WASHINGTON.
EORGE WASHING- TON, the " Father of his Country" and its first President, 1789- '97, was born Febru- ary 22, 1732, in Wash- ington Parish, West- moreland County, Virginia. His father, Augustine Wash- ington, first married Jane But- ler, who bore him four chil- dren, and March 6, 1730, hc married Mary Ball. Of six children by his second mar- riage, George was the eldest, the others being Betty, Samuel, John, Au- gustine, Charles and Mildred, of whom the youngest died in infancy. Little is known of the carly years of Washington, beyond the fact that the house in which he was born was burned during his carly child- hood, and that his father thereupon moved to another farm, inherited from his paternal ancestors, situated in Stafford County, on the north bank of the Rappahannock, where he acted as agent of the Principio Iron Works in the immediate vicinity, and died there in 1743.
From carliest childhood George devel- oped a noble character. He had a vigorous constitution, a fine form, and great bodily strength. His education was somewhat de-
fective, being confined to the elementary branches taught him by his mother and at a neighboring school. He developed, how- ever, a fondness for mathematics, and en- joyed in that branch the instructions of a private teacher. On leaving school he re- sided for some time at Mount Vernon with his half brother, Lawrence, who acted as his guardian, and who had married a daugh- ter of his neighbor at Belvoir on the Poto- mac, the wealthy William Fairfax, for some time president of the executive council of the colony. Both Fairfax and his son-in-law, Lawrence Washington, had served with dis- tinction in 1740 as officers of an American battalion at the siege of Carthagena, and were friends and correspondents of Admiral Vernon, for whom the latter's residence on the Potomac has been named. George's inclinations were for a similar career, and a midshipman's warrant was procured for him, probably through the influence of the Admiral ; but through the opposition of his mother the project was abandoned. The family connection with the Fairfaxes, how- ever, opened another carcer for the young man, who, at the age of sixteen, was ap- pointed surveyor to the immense estates of the eccentric Lord Fairfax, who was then on a visit at Belvoir, and who shortly after- ward established his baronial residence at Greenway Court, in the Shenandoah Valley.
PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Three years were passed by young Wash- ington in a rough frontier life, gaining ex- perience which afterward proved very es- sential to him.
In 1751, when the Virginia militia were put under training with a view to active service against France, Washington, though only nineteen years of age, was appointed Adjutant with the rank of Major. In Sep- tember of that year the failing health of Lawrence Washington rendered it neces- sary for him to seek a warmer climate, and George accompanied him in a voyage to Barbadoes. They returned early in 1752, and Lawrence shortly afterward died, leav- ing his large property to an infant daughter. In his will George was named one of the executors and as eventual heir to Mount Vernon, and by the death of the infant niece soon succeeded to that estate.
'On the arrival of Robert Dinwiddie as Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia in 1752 the militia was reorganized, and the prov- ince divided into four districts. Washing- ton was commissioned by Dinwiddie Adju- tant-General of the Northern District in 1753, and in November of that year a most important as well as hazardous mission was assigned him. This was to proceed to the Canadian posts recently established on French Creek, near Lake Erie, to demand in the name of the King of England the withdrawal of the French from a territory claimed by Virginia. This enterprise had been declined by more than one officer, since it involved a journey through an ex- tensive and almost unexplored wilderness in the occupancy of savage Indian tribes, either hostile to the English, or of doubtful attachment. Major Washington, however, accepted the commission with alacrity ; and, accompanied by Captain Gist, he reached Fort Le Bœuf on French Creek, delivered his dispatches and received reply, which, of course, was a polite refusal to surrender the posts. This reply was of such a character
as to induce the Assembly of Virginia to authorize the executive to raise a regiment of 300 men for the purpose of maintaining the asserted rights of the British crown over the territory claimed. As Washing- ton declined to be a candidate for that post, the command of this regiment was given to Colonel Joshua Fry, and Major Washing- ton, at his own request, was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel. On the march to Ohio, news was received that a party previously sent to build a fort at the confluence of the Monongahela with the Ohio had been driven back by a considerable French force, which had completed the work there be- gun, and named it Fort Duquesne, in honor of the Marquis Duquesne, then Governor of Canada. This was the beginning of the great " French and Indian war," which con- tinued seven years. On the death of Colonel Fry, Washington succeeded to the com- mand of the regiment, and so well did he fulfill his trust that the Virginia Assembly commissioned him as Commander-in-Chief of all the forces raised in the colony.
A cessation of all Indian hostility on the frontier having followed the expulsion of the French from the Ohio, the object of Washington was accomplished and he re- signed his commission as Commander-in- Chief of the Virginia forces. He then pro- ceeded to Williamsburg to take his seat in the General Assembly, of which he had been elected a member.
January 17, 1759, Washington married Mrs. Martha (Dandridge) Custis, a young and beautiful widow of great wealth, and de- voted himself for the ensuing fifteen years to the quiet pursuits of agriculture, inter- rupted only by his annual attendance in winter upon the Colonial Legislature at Williamsburg, until summoned by his country to enter upon that other arena in which his fame was to become world wide.
It is unnecessary here to trace the details of the struggle upon the question of local
GEORGE WASHINGTON.
. self-government, which, after ten years, cul- minated by act of Parliament of the port of Boston. It was at the instance of Virginia that a congress of all the colonies was called to meet at Philadelphia September 5, 1774, to secure their common liberties-if possible by peaceful means. To this Congress Colonel Washington was sent as a dele- gate. On dissolving in October, it recom- mended the colonies to send deputies to another Congress the following spring. In the meantime several of the colonies felt impelled to raise local forces to repel in- sults and aggressions on the part of British troops, so that on the assembling of the next Congress, May 10, 1775, the war prepara- tions of the mother country were unmis- takable. The battles of Concord and Lex- ington had been fought. Among the earliest acts, therefore, of the Congress was the selection of a commander-in-chief of the colonial forces. This office was unani- mously conferred upon Washington, still a member of the Congress. He accepted it on June 19, but on the express condition he should receive no salary.
He immediately repaired to the vicinity of Boston, against which point the British ministry had concentrated their forces. As early as April General Gage had 3,000 troops in and around this proscribed city. During the fall and winter the British policy clearly indicated a purpose to divide pub- lic sentiment and to build up a British party in the colonies. Those who sided with the ministry were stigmatized by the patriots as " Tories," while the patriots took to them- selves the name of " Whigs."
As early as 1776 the leading men had come to the conclusion that there was no hope except in separation and indepen- dence. In May of that year Washington wrote from the head of the army in New York: " A reconciliation with Great Brit- ain is impossible. . . When I took command of the army, I abhorred the idea
of independence ; but I am now fully satis- fied that nothing else will save us."
It is not the object of this sketch to trace the military acts of the patriot hero, to whose hands the fortunes and liberties of the United States were confided during the seven years' bloody struggle that ensued until the treaty of 1783, in which England acknowledged the independence of each of the thirteen States, and negotiated with them, jointly, as separate sovereignties. The merits of Washington as a military chief- tain have been considerably discussed, espe- cially by writers in his own country. Dur- ing the war he was most bitterly assailed for incompetency, and great efforts were made to displace him ; but he never for a moment lost the confidence of either the Congress or the people. December 4, 1783, the great commander took leave of his off- cers in most affectionate and patriotic terms, and went to Annapolis, Maryland, where the Congress of the States was in session, and to that body, when peace and order prevailed everywhere, resigned his com- mission and retired to Mount Vernon.
It was in 1788 that Washington was called to the chief magistracy of the nation. He received every electoral vote cast in all the colleges of the States voting for the office of President. The 4th of March, 1789, was the time appointed for the Government of the United States to begin its operations, but several weeks elapsed before quorums of both the newly constituted houses of the Congress were assembled. The city of New York was the place where the Congress then met. April 16 Washington left his home to enter upon the discharge of his new duties. He set out with a purpose of traveling privately, and without attracting any public attention ; but this was impossi- ble. Everywhere on his way he was met with tronging crowds, eager to see the man whom they regarded as the chief de- fender of their liberties, and everywhere
12
PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.
he was hailed with those public manifesta- tions of joy, regard and love which spring spontaneously from the hearts of an affec- tionate and grateful people. His reception in New York was marked by a grandeur and an enthusiasm never before witnessed in that metropolis. The inauguration took place April 30, in the presence of an immense multitude which had assembled to witness the new and imposing ceremony. The oath of office was administered by Robert R. Livingston, Chancellor of the State. When this sacred pledge was given, he retired with the other officials into the Senate chamber, where he delivered his inaugural address to both houses of the newly con- stituted Congress in joint assembly.
In the manifold details of his civil ad- ministration, Washington proved himself equal to the requirements of his position. The greater portion of the first session of the first Congress was occupied in passing the necessary statutes for putting the new organization into complete operation. In the discussions brought up in the course of this legislation the nature and character of the new system came under general review. On no one of them did any decided antago- nism of opinion arise. All held it to be a limited government, clothed only with spe- cific powers conferred by delegation from the States. There was no change in the name of the legislative department ; it still remained "the Congress of the United States of America." There was no change in the original flag of the country, and none in the seal, which still remains with the Grecian escutcheon borne by the eagle, with other emblems, under the great and expressive motto, " E Pluribus Unum."
The first division of parties arose upon the manner of construing the powers dele- gated, and they were first styled "strict constructionists" and " latitudinarian con- structionists." The former were for con- fining the action of the Government strictly
within its specific and limited sphere, while the others were for enlarging its powers by inference and implication. Hamilton and Jefferson, both members of the first cabinet. were regarded as the chief leaders, respect ively, of these rising antagonistic parties which have existed, under different names from that day to this. Washington was re gardedas holding a neutral position between them, though, by mature deliberation, he vetoed the first apportionment bill, in 1790, passed by the party headed by Hamilton, which was based upon a principle construct- ively leading to centralization or consoli- dation. This was the first exercise of the veto power under the present Constitution. It created considerable excitement at the time. Another bill was soon passed in pur- suance of Mr. Jefferson's views, which has been adhered to in principle in every ap. portionment act passed since.
At the second session of the new Con- gress, Washington announced the gratify- ing fact of " the accession of North Caro- lina" to the Constitution of 1787, and June I of the same year he announced by special message the like " accession of the State of Rhode Island," with his congratulations on the happy event which " united under the general Government" all the States which were originally confederated.
In 1792, at the second Presidential elec- tion, Washington was desirous to retire ; but he yielded to the general wish of the country, and was again chosen President by the unanimous vote of every electoral college. At the third election, 1796, he was again most urgently entreated to consent to remain in the executive chair. This he positively refused. In September, before the election, he gave to his countrymen his memorable Farewell Address, which in lan- guage, sentiment and patriotism was a fit and crowning glory of his illustrious life. After March 4, 1797, he again retired to Mount Vernon for peace, quiet and repose.
13
GEORGE WASHINGTON.
ilis administration for the two terms had been successful beyond the expectation and hopes of even the most sanguine of his friends. The finances of the country were no longer in an embarrassed condition, the public credit was fully restored, life was given to every department of industry, the workings of the new system in allowing Congress to raise revenue from duties on imports proved to be not only harmonious in its federal action, but astonishing in its results upon the commerce and trade of all the States. The exports from the Union increased from $19,000,000 to over $56,000,- 000 per annum, while the imports increased in about the same proportion. Three new members had been added to the Union. The progress of the States in their new career under their new organization thus far was exceedingly encouraging, not only to the friends of liberty within their own limits, but to their sympathizing allies in all climes and countries.
Of the call again made on this illustrious
chief to quit his repose at Mount Vernon and take command of all the United States forces, with the rank of Lieutenant-General, when war was threatened with France in 1798, nothing need here be stated, except to note the fact as an unmistakable testimo- nial of the high regard in which he was still held by his countrymen, of all shades of po- litical opinion. He patriotically accepted this trust, but a treaty of peace put a stop to all action under it. He again retired to Mount Vernon, where, after a short and severe illness, he died December 14, 1799, in the sixty-eighth year of his age. The whole country was filled with gloom by this sad intelligence. Men of all parties in poli- tics and creeds in religion, in every State in the Union, united with Congress in " pay- ing honor to the man, first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his country- men."
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