USA > Virginia > Highland County > Highland County > A history of Highland County, Virginia > Part 18
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Ralston, Josiah - Reserves. D
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History of Highland County
Ralston, Samuel - Reserves D
Ralston, Samuel A. - ('61) - E, 31 - w'd, Wilderness D
Ralston, Thomas J. - ('61) - E, 31 - w'd, Gettysburg - p'r, F't Delaware and P't Lookout. D
Revercomb, Archibald, k.
Revercomb, Charles.
Revercomb, George B
D
Revercomb, John R.
Revercomb, Tippecanoe
Rexrode, A. M. D
Rexrode, Addison - ('64) - K, 62 - w'd, Winchester - p'r, P't
Lookout. Doe Hill
Rexrode, Daniel H. ('62) - E, 31.
D
Rexrode, George A. - ('61-2) - E, 31 - w'd, McDowell Hightown
Rexrode, George J. - ('61-4) - K, 62.
D
Rexrode, George M. - K, 62.
Hightown, R. F. D.
Rexrode, Soloman, Jr. - ('61) - E, 31.
D
Rexrode, Sylvester W. - ('61-5) - E, 31 - w'd, Gettysburg - p'r,
P't Lookout and F't Delaware Hightown
Rexrode, Washington - ('63-5) E, 62 Crabbottom
Rexrode, William J. - ('62) - E, 31 D
Reynolds, Stephen J. D
Reynolds, William - G, 11 Cav .. D
Reynolds, Winfield S. - provost guard.
D
Rider, J. S.
Rider, Richard - B, 31 - k, Port Republic.
Robertson, Jesse - Reserves . D
Robertson, John S. - E, 31 D
Robinson, William - E, 31 - p'r, Elmira . D
Rogers, John B. - McClenahan's Battery - lost leg. D
Ross, John A. - B, 31 D
Rowe, John W.
Rusmisell, John I. - F, 25 - Serg't D
Rymer, Thomas J. - ('61-5) - D, 62 - w'd, Patterson's Cr. and Fisher's Hill - p'r, P't Lookout and F't Delaware D
D
Seiver, Samuel - Jackson's Cav.
D
Seybert, Eli ..
D
Seybert, John W. - ('62) - E, 31 - c'p.
D
Seybert, William - E, 31 - k, Winchester.
Shafer, Davis A. - B, 31.
Shafer, George W. - B, 31. D
Shafer, J. W. - B, 31 - Cor'p. - k, Port Republic.
Shirley, Jonathan - D, 62 D
hrader, Solomon - F, 25 D
Seiver, John A. - C, 14 Cav ..
Seybert, Andrew
D
Williamsville
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History of Highland County
Shultz, John - ('61-5) - F, 11 Cav. D
Shumate, Jacob L. - ('61-5) - C, 6 Cav. - c'p Gettysburg - p'r,
P't Lookout and F't Delaware. McDowell
Simmons, Andrew J. - ('61) - E, 31 Doe Hill
Simmons, Christian - F, 25 - p'r, P't Lookout and Elmira.
Doe Hill
Simmons, Eli - F, 25 - k, near Richmond.
Simmons, Emmanuel.
Simmons, George - F, 25 - D, in service.
Simmons, Granville D.
Simmons, John W. ('62-5) - D, 62 - Serg't - p'r, Camp Chase.
Monterey, R. F. D.
Simmons, Wesley.
Simmons, William H. - F, 25. D
Sipe, John E. - C, 14 Cav D
Siple, Joseph - Franklin Guards, A, 25 - (I, 18 Cav.) Jennings Gap
Siron, Abel C - ('61-5) - B, 31 - p'r, P't Lookout. Doe Hill
Siron, Gilbert - ('64-5) - G, 11 Cav McDowell
Siron, Joel - Signal Corps. D
Siron, John - B, 31 - k, Port Republic.
Slaven, Stewart C. - A, 20 Cav. - twice captured.
D
Smith, Levi - F, 25 Upshur Co., W. Va.
Smith, Martin V. - C, 20 Cav. . Valley Center.
Smith, Simeon - B, 31 D
Snyder, Adam C. D
Snyder, Calvin C .. . Crabbottom
Snyder, F. Josephus - E, 31 D
Snyder, Henry - I, 62. W. Va.
Snyder, Washington C. - E, 31 - Serg't. D
Sommers, William M. ('62) - E, 31 - First Serg't D
Sponangle, William J. - ('62) - E, 31 D
Sprouse, Jacob - p'r, P't Lookout. D
Stephenson, A. Tyler - C, 14 Cav. - Commissary Serg't. D
Stephenson, Lucius H. - C, 14 Cav. - First L't. D
Stephenson, Oscar A. - ('63-5) - C, 14 Cav Meadowdale
Sterrett, Samuel W. - H, 14 Cav D
Steuart, Charles C. - B, 31 - m. w'd, Wilderness.
Steuart, Edward J. - B, 31. Valley Center
Steuart, Henry C. - B, 31 - k, Hatcher's Run.
Steuart, James M. - B, 31 - k, Port Republic.
Steuart, John E. - C, 14 Cav. - Serg't. - p'r, P't Lookout. D Steuart, Martin V. - B, 31 - Brigade Ordnance Serg't. McDowell
Suddarth, Frank - ('61-5) - B, 25 - w'd, Rich Mtn and Wilderness. D Swadley, Adam F. - ('61) - E, 31 -L't. D
Swadley, John S. - ('62) - (Reserves) Burnsville
Taylor, Emmanuel. . D
Townsend, W. D. ('61) - E, 31 - w'd. D
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History of Highland County
Trainor, Ami - F, 25 - w'd, hand, Cedar Mtn. D
Trainor, Brown - F, 25. Dunmore
Trainor, Jehu - F, 25 - Orderly Serg't. Rimel, W. Va.
Trimble, Francis M - ? , 31.
Staunton
Trimble, George W. - k, Winchester.
Trimble, Harvey - D, '62.
Vance, William H. - ('61-5) - B, 31 - Co. Commissary McDowell
Vanpelt, A. M. - B, 31 - detailed to Richmond Arsenal.
Vanpelt, Sinclair - B, 31 D
Varner, Benjamin - H, 31 - w'd, Fredericksburg.
Varner, Daniel S. - ('62) - E, 31 - m. w'd.
Varner, David - E, 31 - k, Port Republic.
Varner, George - F, 25 - m. w'd, McDowell.
Varner, Henry - ('62) - E, 31. D
Varner, John - E, 31 Fullerton, Neb.
Varner, Peter - D, 62. D
Varner, Washington - ('62) - E, 31 - lost leg, Port Republic. D
Varner, William H. - H, 31. D
Vint, Hamilton.
Wade, Charles - Militia - p'r, Camp Chase
D
Wade, Howard - C, 20 Cav. - c'p, Smithfield.
Wagoner, David - k, Port Republic.
Wagoner, George - k, McDowell.
Wagoner, Henry - k, by guerrillas.
Wagoner, Jacob
D
Wagoner, John B - D, 62
D
Wagoner, John M. - ('61) - E, 31 - D, in service.
Monterey
Wagoner, Uriah - ('64-5) - D, 20
Valley Center
Waybright, Andrew J. - ('62-5) - C, 14 Cav
Waybright, Morgan - A, 18 Cav. Nebr.
Waybright, Peter - ('62) - E, 31. D
Weese, Haman - A, 18 Cav. - c'p, Gettysburg. Monterey
White, Allen - A, 18 Cav. - c'p, Piedmont.
D
White, George D
White, Harmon - Reserves. D
White, Peter. D
White, Solomon D
Whitelaw, Nicholas A. - ('62-4) - E, 31 - disch'd. Hightown
Wiley, Marcellus F. - I, 19 Cav. Bolar
Wilson, Charles W. - F, 25 - p'r, P't Lookout and Elmira. D
Wilson, Eldridge R. V. - D, 62 - w'd, Cold Harbor. Doe Hill
Wilson, Hamilton - B, 31 .. D
Wilson, Hezekiah - B, 31 - c'p and missing.
Wilson, James C. - F, 25.
Wilson, Jared M. - F, 25 D
D
Wallace, John S. - ('63-5) - G, 18 - w'd, Darkesville. D
D
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History of Highland County
Wilson, John A. - B, 31 - D, in hospital.
Wilson, John E. - ('62) - E, 31 .. . Monterey Wilson, Josiah - ('62-5) - F, 25 - w'd, Wilderness - p'r, P't Lookout and Elmira.
Wilson, Osborne - ('61-5) - E, 31 - Sec'd Serg't - c'p, Five Forks p'r, P't Lookout .. Monterey
Wilson, Samuel A. - provost guard.
D
Wilson, Samuel B. - D, fever.
Wilson, William H. - F, 25.
Sheldon, Mo.
Wimer, Benjamin - C, 62 - D, in service.
Wimer, Cornelius - C, 14.
Crabbottom
Wimer, Emmanuel - C, 62.
D
Wimer, Ephraim - ('61-5) - I, 62 - L't - w'd, New Market - c'p. D
Wimer, George - C, 62 - k, Williamsport.
Wimer, Jacob - C, 62
Crabbottom
Wimer, Joseph - C, 62
Crabbottom
Wimer, Nathan - C, 62 D
Wise, Jonathan - Bath Sgd'n, 11 Cav. - m. w'd, near Richmond.
Wiseman, Thomas J. ('64-5) - B, 31. . Clover Creek
Woods, Amos - Militia - m. w'd, G'brier River.
Woods, David - F, 25 - D, Elmira.
Woods, John B. - E, 31 - w'd, Gettysburg - D, in prison.
Woods, Newton B. - E, 46, Bath Cav.
Hightown
Woods, Peter - C, 20 Cav. Mill Gap
Woods, Thomas J. - A, 20 Cav. - p'r, Camp Chase and Rock Island .. . . D
Wright, Charles - ('61-5) - B, 31. D
Wright, James H. P. - ('61) - E, 31. D
D
CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS RESIDENTS IN HIGHLAND SINCE THE WAR.
Barkley, Henry - K, 62.
Beverage, Josiah.
Cross, Charles G. - A, 18 Cav.
Carrichoff, Lewis A. - K, 62.
Corbett, Mustoer H. - I, 25.
Corrigan, James. Eckard, Job - H, 38.
Eye, Samuel H. - I, 62 D
Harold, Daniel H. - K, 62. D
Houlihan, Michael - I, 25 - lost arm, Gettysburg - c'p.
Johnston, John K. . Vanderpool
Jones, Charles P. - E, 18 Cav
Monterey
Lowman, John I. - w'd, McDowell.
Maloy, Patrick - in Augusta Company.
Wright, William - B, 31 - w'd, McDowell. .
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History of Highland County
McClintic, Andrew B. - Bath Cav.
D
Pruitt, John C.
Pinckney
Sipe, Joseph - Franklin Guards, I, 18 Cav.
Sterrett, Samuel W. - H, 14 Cav.
D
Suddarth, Frank.
Vandevender, W. H.
Vint, William - G, 18 Cav.
Wallace, John S. - w'd.
Wees, Haman.
Wimer, Ephraim - I, 62 - w'd, New Market.
Wimer, Jacob - C, 62.
Wimer, Nathan - C, 62.
Wimer, Joseph - C, 62.
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History of Highland County
CHAPTER XXI
THE NEGRO IN HIGHLAND
Slavery in Highland - Values of Slaves - Slavery Regulations - Slaveholders in 1800 - Manumission - Free Negroes - The Negro To-Day.
THE negro appeared in Highland within ten years from the settlement, if, indeed, one or more members of the race did not come with the first pioneers on the Bullpasture. The first known individual was a girl or young woman who was purchased for Ann Jane Usher by her guardian before the Indian War. It is very possible that she was the one whom Mrs. Loftus Pullin (nee Usher) set free by her will in 1805.
By this date there was a considerable number of slaves in the Highland area. In 1801, Loftus Pullin owned nine. In 1802, John Peebles also had nine, while his neighbors, Robert and James Carlile, had seven and three, respectively. The Bensons, the Lockridges, and the Wilsons on Bolar Run were also considerable slave owners.
The better agricultural lands of Highland which had been reduced to tillage were mainly the fertile river bottoms. These were held in tracts of considerable size, and thus caused the plantation system to gain a foothold. Consequently the slaves were held almost exclusively by the well-to-do river farmers.
The slave population was not evenly distributed. Pendle- ton never owned slaves in anything like the same degree as Bath, and the number in Highland north of the central divide seems always to have been much less than to the southward. Here again, the laws of physical geography come into play. The northern half of Highland has a much smaller proportion of river bottom than the southern. Furthermore, the people of that section were largely of German origin, and this element was never inclined to make much use of slavery.
The limestone belt which runs the whole length of the Bluegrass Valley is a fine substitute for river bottom, yet it
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History of Highland County
was esteemed better suited to grazing than tillage, and slavery was never much in vogue where field agriculture was not largely followed. Accordingly it had a small representation in this valley. It was on the Bullpasture and on the lower courses of Jackson's River and the Cowpasture in Highland that the most slaves were to be found.
The slave had but one name, which was often borrowed from the celebrities of old Rome or from its mythology. Thus Lancelot Graham had a slave named Neptune. The woman whom Mrs. Pullin freed was Daphne. The field hands were lodged in small log cabins. But few indeed are the visible relics of slavery in Highland at this day, and while here and there a slave cabin still exists, it is never, perhaps, as a dwell- ing, but only as a truck room, hardly suggestive of its former use.
In the earlier days of our local history, slaves were less valuable than in the period before the great war. The ten slaves of David Gwin in 1822 were valued at $250 to $400 each. The fourteen of George Benson in 1816 were rated at $2,895. The nine of Loftus Pullin in 1801 were worth $2,070. An in- fant would be worth but $50, while an old man or woman had scarcely any value at all. At the William Sitlington sale in 1825, the boys and girls from three to thirteen years old sold at $100 to $300 each, according to age. A man of twenty-four sold at $450, while another of fifty-five brought but $150. A woman of forty years was still rated at $200, but the value of one of fifty had significantly dropped to $100. A woman of seventy and a demented man of thirty found no bidders.
In 1840 slaves were worth $250 to $600, and in the decade of the 50's they became still more valuable. It was this en- hancement of value which made the South so tenacious in its support of the institution. Slavery is not voluntarily aban- doned so long as slaves rise in value. Had the tendency been the other way in America the emancipation bill which came before the Virginia Legislature of 1832 would probably have carried. It was lost by only one vote. Had it become a law, the border slave states would have followed the example of Virginia, and the war of 1861 might not have occurred.
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History of Highland County
While slavery continued, repressive laws and regulations were found necessary. If a slave gave a poisonous drug with intent to kill, the penalty was death without benefit of clergy. It was a misdemeanor with a penalty of not more than thirty- nine lashes for a slave to prepare or administer any medicines, unless by permission of the master.
Slave districts were regularly patroled. Highland was di- vided into patrol districts, each with a captain and his party of five to seven men. It was the duty of such patrol party to visit all negro quarters at stated intervals, usually weekly or bi-weekly, and all other places which might fall under sus- picion of unlawful assembly. Negroes were whipped by the patrol when found straying away without permission.
Occasional crimes were committed by the blacks and some- times of serious nature. Chainey, a slave of Jane Lafferty of Bath, was hanged in 1800 for the murder of her two-year-old child, the owner being indemnified by the county in the sum of $233.33. Such was a requirement of the criminal code. Sam, a slave of William Wilson, was hanged at Monterey in 1856 for the murder of Francis W. Sheridan on Jackson's River.
Although under slavery repressive rules toward the black people were unavoidable, the institution was not the pitiless tyrant it was represented to be by uninformed Northern Abo- litionists. An occasional master was harsh toward his slaves, but in the main the relations between master and slave were kindly. When a man was hired out, as was often done, he was permitted to be at home from Saturday noon till Monday morning. A master on the Bullpasture required a man slave to perform work on Sunday, which the latter objected to doing, he as well as his master being a member of church. The master had his man "churched" for disobedient behavior, yet the latter was acquitted by a jury of slaveholders.
While the Southern men were so generally at the front during the war of 1861, it was in the power of the negroes to work immense harm both positive and negative. A general uprising on their part would at once have disbanded the South- ern armies, yet nothing of the sort occurred. The especial crime for which so many negroes have been lynched since the
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History of Highland County
war was very rare in slavery days, though, indeed, not un- known.
Free labor being much more general in Highland than slave labor, there was a division of sentiment with respect to the latter. Slaves were every now and then set free by their own- ers, especially by will. The widow of Alexander Hamilton freed forty slaves. Barbara Wilson freed a number, and the following paper appears to relate to still another, an infant which did not come within the provisions of her will.
Know all men by these presents that I, Barbara Wilson, of the County of Bath and Commonwealth of Virginia, being upon principle opposed to holding any person in slavery, and for other good causes me thereunto moving, have liberated, emancipated, and forever quit claim, and by these presents liberate, emancipate, and forever quit claim to and discharge from my service my white child slave named Sarah Jane, aged about five months, and I do hereby bind myself, my heirs, executors, and administrators forever, to release and dis- charge from my own or their service the said white child slave, Sarah Jane and her future increase. In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed my seal the fifth day of January in the Year of our Lord 1822.
BARBARA WILSON.
Yet the free negro was an embarrassment, even to himself. His presence was not very welcome in communities where there were slaves, and he was very likely to lead an idle, worth- less existence. If he became unable to work, the estate of the former master became responsible for his support. His so- journ in a given county of the state was dependent on the will of the county court. He had to be registered by the county clerk, a certificate thereof being given him for preservation. An objectionable freedman might be prohibited from entering a county, and a misbehaving freedman already in might be ordered out. If he were delinquent in his taxes he could be hired out by the county until the shortage was thus made good. The last mention of ante-bellum freedmen on the rec- ords of Highland was when, in the summer of 1864, Madison Douglas was allowed to remain.
A year later, slavery in America was a thing of the past. It was unsound in principle, and on moral and economic grounds it was bad in practice. It was a mildew, which, in
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History of Highland County
the words of an eminent Virginian, "has blighted every region it has touched from the creation of the world."
During the war the small slave population of Highland be- came demoralized and scattered. Some of the slaves were enticed away by Federal soldiers. At the close of the struggle the white people went to work without much reference to the help formerly derived from the colored race. Under freedom, the negro population of Highland is smaller than under slavery. In Bluegrass District there is only one family. In Monterey District the representation is very slight in number and is wholly at the county seat. Stonewall District contains by far the largest share, the most of it being massed in the vicinity of McDowell, where, along the pike near the battlefield, there is a settlement called Stringtown.
For the year 1800, the following slaveholders are recorded in the Pendleton section of Highland :
Armstrong, Mary.
Fleisher, William.
Benson, Mathias.
Gum, Isaac.
Bodkin, John.
Hull, Adam, Jr.
Chew, Ezekiel.
Hull, Peter.
Curry, James, Sr.
Hull, Samuel B.
Devericks, John.
Malcomb, Robert.
Devericks, Thomas.
Rymer, George.
Ervine, George.
Seybert, Jacob.
Ervine, William.
Sims, Silas.
Fleisher, Catharine.
Sitlington, John.
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History of Highland County
CHAPTER XXII
THE HIGHLANDER ABROAD
The Call of the West - Extent of Emigration from Highland - Prominent Emi- grants - Letter by a Highland Emigrant.
IT goes without saying that the older states of the Union peopled the newer ones. But the Old Frontier, which rested along the entire Alleghany front, was foremost in this movement, and contributed very heavily to the settlement of the Mississippi basin.
In 1783, after Highland had been settled almost forty years, there were yet but 10,000 people west of the Alleghanies. Seven years later there were 100,000 beyond the mountains, three- fourths of them in Kentucky, and nearly all these from Vir- ginia. Up to 1847 it is estimated that a third of the emigration to the West had gone from the Old Dominion. The census of 1860 found 400,000 people of Virginia birth dwelling in other states. This was equal to a third of the white population re- maining in the state.
A study of the genealogic chapter of this book is abundant evidence that the people of Highland have swarmed outward in great numbers. Families once quite numerous are now slimly represented or not at all. Occasionally a family name has scarcely more than maintained a foothold, even from the coming of the pioneer himself. The few have remained. The many have gone outward.
The very slow and at times imperceptible growth in num- bers of the resident population is another point in evidence. Had a line of guards been kept all along the county boundary, permitting any person to come in, but no person to go out and stay out, the rate of natural increase that has been true of Highland County would have given it 40,000 people in the last census year instead of a little over 5,000.
For many years the outflow from Highland was almost
217
History of Highland County
exclusively westward. The number moving in the opposite direction was scarcely worthy of notice. The westward cur- rent first occupied the upper section of the Greenbrier Valley. It then moved onward in a widening stream, scattering High- land surnames very widely in what is now West Virginia. It crossed the Ohio, keeping step with the opening of the country to settlement, and never halted, except for the waves of the Pacific Ocean. Another early current helped to swell the rush into Kentucky, whence with steady reinforcements from home, it has dispersed widely over the Southwest. The depleting of the East and the ultimate exhaustion of desirable land in the West, together with the changes wrought by the new industrial conditions, have caused the seaboard states to present a meas- ure of attraction which once was unthought of and, in fact, did not truly exist. As a consequence, Highland people have of late been moving somewhat numerously into the Valley, some pushing across the Blue Ridge into the counties of Pied- mont and Middle Virginia.
There is not a Highland family but has kinsfolk abroad. Many of these were born abroad, have never seen their ances- tral county, and are strangers to its people. But there are nearer relatives, native to the county, who have migrated in all directions. Thus Highland is represented without by two classes of people; those of Highland birth and those of High- land ancestry only. They are to be found from New York to San Francisco and from Chicago to the Mexican border. Some of them have amassed wealth in industrial occupations. Some have gone into professional careers. Some have been judges and legislators. Even a governor's chair or a seat in Congress with a national reputation has not proved beyond the reach of the man of Highland birth or parentage. At the present time Highland is furnishing at least two missionaries to the Dark Continent.
It would thus appear that in the broader field of oppor- tunity which lies outside of these little mountain valleys, the emigrant from Highland has "made good." He has shown the capabilities of his stock, and has competed on even terms with Americans of other localities.
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History of Highland County
It is, of course, the Highlanders by parentage only of whom the residents of the county know the least. The larger share of these have been quite lost sight of. Yet several are known to have attained eminence. The late John G. Carlisle of Ken- tucky, senator and cabinet officer, was a son of Robert and grandson of James, of the Bullpasture. His father left here in childhood and married a wife of Connecticut birth. Joseph Benson Foraker, ex-governor of Ohio and ex-senator, is of the Bensons of Highland and has near relatives here. Professor Robert A. Armstrong, of the University of West Virginia, so well and favorably known in the educational circles of his state, is a scion of the Armstrongs of Doe Hill. Benjamin Estill, Jr., of Washington County, Virginia, possessed an elo- quence that matched his commanding presence. He served in Congress in 1824-6. His father's name is commemorated in Estillville, a town of this state, as an uncle's name is in that of Estill County in Kentucky. The name of General Knox, reared on the Cowpasture, was given to the metropolis of East Ten- nessee.
But Highland has furnished a congressman who grew to manhood on its own soil. General William McCoy removed from Doe Hill to Franklin about 1800, where he went into the mercantile business. He was also a large landholder, and possessed a well-stocked farm. In 1811 he was elected to Congress'for the district comprising the counties of Augusta, Rockingham, Bath, Pendleton, and Hardy. His majority was 135, although he carried but his own county and Rockingham. He was reelected for ten more terms, serving until 1833. He was a trusted friend of Andrew Jackson, and in Congress was a man of influence. For a number of years he held the im- portant position of chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means. He was likewise a member of the Constitutional Con- vention of Virginia in 1829. General McCoy is scarcely re- membered by any person now living, and no portrait exists, although he is known to have been tall and spare, and of com- manding presence.
To select a few varying instances of the success of High- land men abroad, we would name the following: Adam C.
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History of Highland County
Snyder is a judge of the Court of Appeals of West Virginia. Doctor J. R. S. Sterrett, an accomplished scholar and a pro- fessor in a leading American university, has traveled exten- sively in Europe and the Orient. He knows thirteen tongues and converses in several, his mastery of German being so com- plete as to cause him to be taken for a native German by the Germans themselves. The Rev. Robert H. Fleming, D. D., is at the head of the Presbyterian Orphanage at Lynchburg. William and George M. Life were also thoroughly educated divines, and the former founded Rye Seminary in New York. Professor Thomas H. Jones holds a prominent position in the Randolph-Macon system of secondary schools. Clifton E. Byrd and William H. Keister are superintendents of city schools at Shreveport, La., and Harrisonburg, Va., respect- ively. Charles S. McNulty is a leading attorney of Roanoke. Henry Jones, who went to Texas about 1825, left a million to his daughter. Jacob W. Byrd, an original "Forty-niner," nar- rowly escaped being lost in his journey across the western plains. Yet he reached El Dorado in safety and dug a com- petence out of its golden sands. Edward C. Rexrode is a high- salaried salesman in a produce house of the city of New York, and Charles A. Bradshaw is a very successful insurance agent of Bluefield, W. Va.
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