USA > Vermont > Washington County > Montpelier > Addresses delivered before the Vermont Historical Society and the Vermont Historical and Antiquarian Society > Part 14
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twenty-two miles. Of this the eastern extremity rests on the lake of Zug and the western on the town of Willisau, on the Wigger, while its centre touches the southern extremity of the Lake of Sempach.
The Federal main ariny whose headquarters were at Aarau was distributed into four grand divisions, to break, with a simultaneous shock, through this line of formidable positions from the North. A column of the first, most easterly, army-corps so to speak advanced through the extreme eastern portion of Aargau, which thrust itself South, far down, between the Cantons of Zug and Argovia. This district is known in Switzerland as the FREIAMT, or Free Bailiwicks. Prior to 1814, it had been a bone of contention, on a question of jurisdiction, between Zug and Argovia. Subsequent to that date, it proved an apple of discord in the Federal Diet. The Suppression of the Monastical institutions therein, for treason- able practices and violence against the established authorities, led, ostensibly, to the formation of the Sonderbund in 1843-'6-'7. As this district is flanked for about half its depth, by the territory of Zug, it was fortunate for the Federals that this Rebel Canton had submitted to them. Already a large portion of it had been milita- rily occupied by Union troops. The second column of the first
corps, or Division-ZIEGLER, followed the 3d road, along the stream of the Winen, midway between the Hallwyler and Baldegger Lakes, to the East, and the Lake of Sempach, to the West, passing through Munster. This route bisected the Lucernese line of defence. The 2d corps, division-DONATS, advanced upon the 4th road, through Sursee, along the western shore of the Lake of Sempach and in sight of the battle fields of Buttisholz and Sempach, both so glori- ous to the republican Swiss; the first as disastrous to the English Free Companies, in 1375, as the second had been to the Austrians, in 1386. The 3d corps, division-BURCKHARDT, directed its march by the 5thi and most western road upon Willisau, the extreme left of the Rebels. Meanwhile a 4th corps, reserve-division-OCHSEN- BEIN, threatened, from the West, the left-rear of the Lucernese, just as this force, under his orders, had menaced the right-rear of the Freyburghers. Ochsenbein, at this date a Federal Colonel, became, subsequently, a general in the service of Napoleon III. Having made a rapid return-march through Berne, he was, now, advancing thence, by the difficult, serpentine route through the Emmen-Thal and the Entlibuch. On the 22d November, he had an action at Escholzmatt, on the frontiers of the Canton of Lucerne. On the 23d a more serious engagement, five miles further on, occurred at Schupfheim. Thus advancing slowly and with difficulty, Ochsen- bein was forcing his way through, to work in, at the time fixed, as directed, with the rest. This gallant officer now had an opportu- nity to retrieve the credit he had lost in 1845, by the failure of his aggressive movements on the same road, a failure attributable rather to the indiscipline of his Volunteer troops, (Free Corps) than to any fault of his own. At the same time a sixth column, the brigade-ZELLER, invaded Schwytz through the March, or mountain range, South of the eastern extremity of the Lake of Zurich, con- verging to take the right flank of the Lucernese line in reverse. A soventh column, the division GMUR, advanced through the baili- wick of Knonau, about two miles west from CAPPEL, where the magnanimous Zwingli, the First of the Great Reformers, was mur- dered in cold blood, after the battle of the 11th of October, 1531, in which he had been present as Chaplain. He was killed, by a
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Roman-Catholic Captain of Unterwalden, while lying wounded and speechless on the field. In like manner, the Romanist Captain of the Swiss Guards of the Duke of Anjou, afterwards Henry III of France, assassinated the Prince of Conde after the battle of Jarnac, 12th or 13th March 1569. The Prince had surrendered and was sitting, exhausted, propped against a tree, with his thigh bone fractured and protruding. when his murderer galloped up and shot him through the liead. The same spirit had prompted the Slaugh- ter of the Free Corps and animated many partisans of the Sonder- bund. This distribution of the Federal forces is founded on a comparison of the language of Zschokke and Richon, the historians at hand, who present the most detailed accounts of the military movements.
Dutour intended to distract the enemy's attention by these seven distinct menaces and deceive them as to the point on which his real attack was directed. His superiority of force doubtless justified this disposition, although his different divisions and columns were divided from each other by huge mountains, dangerous defiles, broad lakes and rapid streams. He knew that the Rebels would have the greatest difficulty in reinforcing a weak point even if they attempted to do so, while their whole line was equally endangered. Having thus divided the attention of the Rebel leaders and attrac- ted it to so many different quarters, he rapidly massed the bulk of his troops in the point of the Freiamt, shut in between the river Reuss, on the East, and the high range of the Linderberg, to the west. About ten miles north-east of Lucerne, these come together. This acute triangle has a base only five miles wide at Muri, ten miles north of Klein-Dietwyl, half a mile from its apex. A little
less than a mile beyond this point, the road crossed the Reuss by a covered bridge, whose issue on the south shore was swept by the heavy artillery of a strong bridge-head. Here the road coming in from the N. E., from Brugg, and the lake of Zug, joined the route from Muri and continued on, through Roth or Root, to Lucerne. Both ran under the fortified heights of the Rothenberg, and, oppo- site the fork, stood the village of GISLIKON, covered by extensive field works. These strong intrenchments had been finished several monthis previous, despite the summons of the Federal Diet to stop their construction. Since their completion, the Rebels had guaran- teed their possession by constantly maintaining strong garrisons therein. Gislikon had thus become the key to Lucerne on the North. The Lake of the Forest Cantons precluded attack from the South or immediate rear.
On the afternoon of the 22d of November, the confined funnel or triangle between Muri and Dietwyl, above described, was literally gorged or overflowing with troops, destined to make the grand attack. Forward they must when the order to advance was given. The impulsion from the rear would have forced on those in front if their enthusiasm had failed. Momentum would have lent its
immense forces to mass. This proved emphatically so, for the leading battalions carried the Rebel works with a rush. Just as FREDERIC stormed the heights of Lissa in 1757; just as LAUDOHN escaladed the ramparts of Schweidnitz in 1761; just as WAYNE charged bayonet into Stony Point in 1779; just as SUWARROW captured Ismail by assault in 1790, and Praga in 1794 ; and just as the French columns, in the narrow streets of Paris, charged over the insurgent barricades, in 1848 and 1851-their front ranks car- ried over, dead or alive, by the accelerated pressure of those
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behind-just so the Federals poured into the Rebel intrenchments on the ensuing day. This we shall see but more in detail.
During the night of the 22d and 23d November, the Federals threw two bridges of boats across the Reuss, one below the ruins of the permanent structure at Sins, three miles North of Dietwy}, which had been destroyed by the Sonderbundists, the other above the covered bridge of Gislikon. Early on the morning of the 23d, the sub-division EGLOFF crossed by the lower pontoon bridge to turn the Rothenberg from the side of Zug. This manœuvre against the extreme Rebel right, brought on a sharp and protracted conflict which lasted throughout the day. The sub-divisions under Briga- diers ISLER and RITTER, sweeping round to take the enemy's right in reverse, encountered the Rebels advantageously posted on shel- tered, rising ground, in the vicinity of Meyers-kappel. The defen- ders were chiefly Riflemen from the Forest Cantons, armed with weapons to whose use they had been accustomed siuce their child- hood. After a hot conflict, these were compelled to abandon their position. They retreated, fighting however, behind Udligenschwyl to the Kiemenberg. Here they formed again in order of battle and, again, were driven back, disputing every inch of ground to Ebikon, three miles north of Lucerne. This was between 2 and 3 P. M. when they were abandoned by their artillery, which galloped off into the invested town. Thus deserted and having to depend upon their rifles alone, the Unterwalden Battalion still held Ebikon after Lucerne itself had surrendered. Entirely forgotten by their generals, the Rebel authorities, in fact by their whole party, they still presented an undaunted front when their superiors had fled and all the other troops had submitted. All bonor to these brave mountain men although fighting in the defence of erroneous principles and obsolete ideas.
Before nightfall, despite the desperate resistance they had encountered, the Federals had thus fought their way to the sumint of the Kiemenberg, in the rear of Gislikon. These heights, so gallantly won, commanded the main rebel fortifications, upon which so much skill and labor had been expended iu vain. Here the victors bivouaced within six miles, to the N. E .. of Lucerne.
Meanwhile the sub-division-EGLOFF stormed the heights in the rear of Honau, after the Zurich artillery had silenced the rebel guns in that position. Driving the enemy before them, they crowned a second summit which commanded Gislikon. Here the two sub-divisions ZIEGLER and EGLOFF were to have effected a junction, and, thence, to have moved, simultaneously, against the principal defences of the Sonderbundists. This junction did not take place. Ziegler's division had passed the Reuss later on the 23d, by the upper bridge of boats, above Gislikon, to attack the north side of the Rothenberg. These troops, however, had a mighty task before them, and were correspondingly delayed. They had not only to face the heavy artillery in the works enfilading the de- bouches of the covered bridge of Gislikon, but also those .around the village itself. Besides this, the heights of Gislikon were traversed by trenches lined with the practiced riflemen of Unter- walden, and the ridges of the mountain were occupied by militia, accustomed to the use of fire-arms and completely sheltered from their assailants, in the woods.
Finally, amid shouts which must have been heard in Lucerne, the heights and defences of GISLIKON were car
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ried and the loyal artillery of Soleure established there. The rebel Commander-in-Chief, however inferior to Dufour in Strategy, was not wanting to himself, in energy, at this crisis. He headed the rebel troops and made such a des- · perate counter-attack upon the successful Federals that they were forced to give ground. Fortunately this part of the field admitted the rapid manœuvring of artillery. A Bernese 12-pdr. howitzer battery was brought up at full gallop and poured a storm of shell upon the opposing guns. It is claimed that out of sixty shots fired, fifty hit the points aimed at. They exploded the ammunition boxes of the rebel artillery, and dispersed the cannoneers in an instant. Salis-Soglio himself was wounded by the fragment of a shell. Everything was thrown into ir-
remediable confusion. This artillery charge, improvised by Colonel DENZLER of Zurich, like the' Dragoon charge made by the younger Kellerman, or the Artillery volley of Marmont at Marengo, decided the fate of the day. It was now 4 P. M. Among the Rebels all was terror and confusion. The fortifications of Gislikon were abandoned ; the militia had already fled from their coverts. There
was fighting on the heights however until night-fall .- But as darkness closed in the horizon towards the north- east and north was all aglow with the bivouac-fires of the victors. To the west likewise, the sky was illuminated, for, while the principal fighting had been going on so fiercely towards the north, Ochsenbein's leading battalions had occupied the plateau and heights of Littau, within three miles of Lucerne. The city was completely at the mercy of Dufour. He demanded an unconditional surren- der, and the haughty Charleston of the Sonderbund was forced to throw itself upon the mercy of the Federal Chief. Thus Dufour, who had smothered the fire of rebellion in Freyburg in five days, in seven more days quenched
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this furnace of revolt. The next morning, the 24th No- vember, an apparently almost endless procession of victo- rious Unionists poured into the city. To the corps which had so distinguished themselves upon the Rothenberg, and those which had fought their way, step by step, for twenty five miles, through the upper Entlibach, were now united the Brigade, or Division, Gmur, which had crossed the Canton of Schwytz, thro the March, and the third division, whose unopposed advance, through the valley of Hitzkirch, had been a mere military promenade. Such a magnifi- cent spectacle had never before been witnessed in the Confederation ; 60,000 citizen-soldiery perfectly organized with all their material and equipages, swelled the triumph- ant procession of Loyalty through the streets of the Rebel city. With the troops returned the crowds of proscribed Unionists, who had been exiled on account of their re- formed faith and liberal opinions. Every generous heart will sympathize with their joy and glory in such a resto- ration to their native seats.
Previous, however, to the surrender of Lucerne, and while Salis-Soglio still held out hopes of being able to maintain his ground at Ebikon, the Jesuits who had been the moving cause of all the bloodshed, the expenditure, the losses, and the misery consequent on the Separate League, the Sonderbund Council of War, the prominent factious, and even associations of monks and nuns, fled from the town. These embarked, under the protection of a company of infantry, on board of a steamboat already prepared. Twenty land-jagers served as a guard to the fugitives. They carried with them the treasure and seals of the State, the archives of the Rebel Council of War, important official documents, the booty captured by the foray into the Canton of Ticino, and stores of grain. Thus they escaped into mountains, and thence into foreign
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countries, leaving rich individuals, who had fostered, and wealthy institutions, which had favored, the rebellion, to pay dearly for their wicked co-operation with treason. This may prefigure the fate of our Secession Leaders and . Abettors. Like the leading Swiss traitors they may save their worthless lives to expiate in exile and poverty or contumely, amid the hatred and execrations of their dupes, the evil and sorrow they have brought home to the fire- sides of our common country.
On the 25th, the Cantons of URI, SCHWYTZ and UNTER- WALDEN, belonging to the Sonderbund (corresponding to Alabama, Mississippi and Florida in this country), which, in 1793, displayed so much heroism against the French, imitated the prudence of the people of Freyburg, and of Lucerne, and capitulated.
Here we should observe a fact extremely pertinent to our own situation. Notwithstanding the extreme de- fensibleness of the mountains of Switzerland,-particu- larly those of the original Forest Cantons, embraced within the limits of the Sonderbund,-as soon as LUCERNE had yielded, the Rebel Leaders, at once, acknowledged that the fate of Swiss Secession depended upon the pos- session of the large fortified towns, and upon the main- tenance of the armies massed in and about them. This should be a consolation to those who fear that a GUERILLA WAR in the South can lead to any successful result or defer, for more than a short period, its entire subjugation. The Sonderbund Generals saw at a glance the game was up, after their armies had been dissipated and the principal places taken. So it will be with our Southern Secession. It will collapse at once when the armies of LEE, BRAGG, BEAUREGARD, JOHNSON and MA- GRUDER are destroyed.
On the 29th November, the VALAIS,-beyond the lofty
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Bernese Alps and along the Rhone, --- which might be said to repre. Hit the Rebel territory beyond the Missia- sippi,-the Texas and most remote border State of Switz- erland, the focus of retrogade ideas, bordering on the most bigoted district of Sardinia, petitioned to be received back into the Union.
Meanwhile on the 27th November, 23 days after the decree of the Diet or Congress, had ordered the Swiss General to draw his sword and unfurl the Federal stand- ard, the military chief of the Union was enabled to announce that the Secession Alliance was dissolved. The fire-eating Cantons had gained nothing by their rashness but the humiliating conviction of their own weakness as compared with the Federal power and will .*
Let Traitors and Demagogues, whom the thirst for power induces to pander to spiritual and material des- potism, read a lesson in the fate of the Swiss Sonderbund, Separate or Secession League, and its Leaders. "That (Separate League) which had been proclaimed before Europe as the rock of religion and of true freedom, col- lapsed at the first dash of the waves like a house built upon the sand." It is to be hoped that the Cotton-States- Confederate-League, built upon the corner stone of Slavery, will likewise utterly perish between the shattering of war and the earthquake of moral regeneration. The spiritual guides (not inaptly reproduced in our own country by the slavocrat divines) who had excited their dupes to rebel- lion in Switzerland by pretended miracles, had not in- spired them with the same resolution, to maintain the
* It is but just to myself to state that an Article entitled "SECESSION IN SWITZ. ERLAND" was furnished by me, in February, 1861, to the New York Evening Post. and published in the first column, first page, of that paper. If the example which the Swiss Authorities presented for our Instruction, had been imitated by our Government, this War would not have dragged on through fearful years. Never- theless the Delay has been Providential, for it has effectually solved the Problem, whether Slavery or the Union shall survive, and proved that Slavery is incom- patible with Free Institutions. Now that Slavery is doomed, if we are faithful to God and true to ourselves, what a glorious Career looms np before our Nation in the Future.
J. W. DY P.
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Independence of the Separate League, that their real wrongs and a good cause had given thel., so win and maintain the freedom of the same districts, centuries before and against greater odds. "The Jesuits had everywhere fled on the entrance of the Confederates," says Zschokke, "now they were forever banished from Swiss soil." The rebellion had been so promptly ex- tinguished that the French envoy actually had not time to proffer foreign assistance, or even to propose to mediate between the Federal Diet and the Council of War of the Seven Rebel Cantons. Its members were already fugi- tives when the French messenger went to seek them. At the outbreak of hostilities the French ministers with other Diplomatists had retired to neutral or, as we would term it, " copperhead " or "peace-party " NEUCHATEL. That Canton and another, INNER-APPENZELL, which had re- fused to perform their duty as loyal Confederates during the war, were subjected to very heavy fines for the benefit of the reorganized Confederation.
Nor were the Expulsion of the Jesuits and the pecuniary suffer- ings of the Neutral Sonderbund, the only consequences of this mad attempt " to arrest the effulgent chariot of Holy Liberty." "Lu- cerne," temporarily ruined, "instituted judicial suits against the members of her former council for embezzlement of the public money, and confiscated the estates of those who provoked the war." " Shortly afterwards she sought a doubttul remedy by suppressing the convents, that she might be indemnified by their property ; and the people before whose veto the decree was laid, did not refuse their consent." The members of the Freyburg Council who had voted for the Separate League " were brought to a most severe account in discharging the war expenses." "The Valais, also, laid almost all hier share of the expenses upon those who had voted for, advised and preached the war." These burthens had to be espe- cially borne by the monastical and other ecclesiastical institutions which had hoped to profit by the rebellion. In fact the Sonder- bund Cantons were called upon to reimburse the War Expenses incurred by the Confederacy. They were militarily occupied until the first installment had been paid and adequate security given for the balance. " Great reforms now took place (in 1848) in all the Cantons of the former Sonderbund. Even in URI, where, since TELL's time, no written constitution had ever existed, one was now drawn up and accepted by the communes."
No Failure could have been more decided, no Sup-
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pression more mortifying than that of the Ultramontane or SECESSION LEAGUE in Switzerland. No Action could have been more prompt and energetic, no Triumph more complete and beneficial than that of the Swiss Loyalists or Union party.
" One cannot too much admire the calm firmness which the men who presided over the destinies of the Confederation manifested in 1847. Menaced by France, Russia, Prussia, and Austria, and having at their disposal only a portion of the forces of a nation which does not possess altogether two millions and a half of citizens, they were discouraged neither by the intrigues of the monks, nor by the anathemas of the Romish clergy ; by the anger of certain empirics, nor by the military reputation of those Cantons, which were so sadly misled by fatal influences. What an example for such coun- tries as are wont to be alarmed on account of their comparative weakness ! Switzerland has taught them that a people, conscious of its right, and resolved to defend it, has nothing to fear on earth."
This Triumph of Patriotism realized the Truth of Zschokke's prophetic declaration, that "Heaven helps only those who march joyously to battle and to death in a just cause ; but rejects those who sit sluggishly in arrogant security."
Eighteen days of military operations, which might even be reduced to fifteen of manœuvring and fighting, anni- hilated the Sonderbund. The history of the world pre- sents but few examples of such a speedy solution of a great political problem. The most pertinent examples are the destruction, in a few days, of the Bohemian King- dom of the Elector-Palatine, FREDERIC, by the generals of Ferdinand II; the total defeat of the Belgian armies, in eight days, by the heroic PRINCE OF ORANGE, and the complete overthrow, in three days, of the Sardinian armaments by RADETSKY. Compared however with the rout of the WEISSEN-BERG, in 1620, the conflicts of HAS- SELT in 1830, and the battle of NOVARA, in 1849, the combat of GISLIKON, in 1847, was a mere fiasco. "A whiff of grape-shot," to use a Napoleonic expression, or, more properly speaking, a flurry of shells, blew away the pretentions of the Sonderbund.
The final result seems to justify the idea that the mad-
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ness and incipient success of the Separate League was permitted by Providence, in order that its suppression might convince Switzerland of the defects of its dislocated Confederacy, and induce the Cantons to consent to a more determined Centralization of authority.
The Separate League which was to have divided Swit- zerland; to have arrested the progress of the age ; to have restored abuses for the benefit of the few to the suffering of the many ; had a directly opposite result. It transmuted the loose Confederation of XXII Independent Cantons into a well-knit Nationality of twenty two members.
May the example not be lost upon us. May Providence conduct our affairs to the same happy result that he vouch- safed in the case of the Swiss, must be the prayer of every honest man and true patriot.
The lessons of this history we think can scarcely be lost upon us. The effort to shatter the ALPINE REPUBLIC, in a brief period, proved a miserable failure, and the attempt here made to divide and destroy our Free Government, we know will, in God's good time, come to naught. And even as the National Life Struggle, in Switzerland, ended in a more healthy and vigorous NATIONAL EXISTENCE, SO, we trust, that the fiery trial through which we as a people are now passing, will eventuate not only in a restored UNITY, but, if need be, in a STRONGER DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLI- CAN GOVERNMENT, better fitted to perform its great work, and hold its commanding position among the Nations.
" God of our Fathers, hear our earnest Cry ! Our Hope, our Strength, our Refuge is in Thee. Contound our Foes, and make their Legions fly ; Strengthen our Hosts and give them Victory I Victory !- Victory !- Oh, God of Armies, give us Victory !"
" For the sad Millions of the groaning Earth, Helpless and crushed beneath Oppression's Rod, For every Hope that hallows Home and Hearth, For heaven-born Liberty, the Child of God, Victory !- Victory !- God of the Nations, give us Victory !
"From War's red Hell, involved in smoke and flame, From up-piled Altars of our noblest Dead, We cry to Thee ! oh, for Thy glorious Name, Make bare Thine Arm and smite our Foes with dread, VICTORY !- VICTORY !-
OH, GOD OF BATTLES, GIVE US VICTORY !" ANCHOR.
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ـلا الورود
الا حد اصد
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The HISTORY OF SWITZERLAND, for the Swiss PEOPLE, by HEINRICH ZSCHOKKE - with a continuation to the year 1848, by EMIL Z&CHOKKE, German, Translated by FRANCIS GEORGE SHAW, New York, 1855.
ABBEGE DE L'HISTOIRE DE LA SUISSE, par ZIMMERMAN (Allemande), traduit par CH. RICHON, L Seconde' edition, augmentce d' un Appendice contenant le Resume historique des principaux evenements survenue depuis 1880 @ 1848, in- clusivement, par le Traducteur, Lausanne, 1850.
SWITZERLAND, the PIONEER OF THE REFORMATION; Or LA SUISSE ALLEMANDE, by Madame la Contesse DORA D'ISTRIA, translated from the French . by H. G., London, 1858, 2 Vols.
The HISTORY OF SWITZERLAND from the Irruption of the Barbarians to the present Time, London, 1840.
The HISTORY OF THE HELVETIO CONFEDERACY, by J. Planta, London, 1800, 2 Vols ...
The HISTORY OF SWITZERLAND from B. C. 110, to A. D. 1830. A new Edition from the Cabinet of History, New York, 1844.
The HISTORY OF THE INVASION OF SWITZERLAND by the FRENCH, and the De- struction of the Democratical Republics of Schwitz, Uri and Unterwalden, by HENRY ZSCHOKKE, Translated from the French of J. B. BRIATTE, London, 1803.
The HISTORY OF GERMANY, from the earliest period to the present time, by WOLFGANG MENZEL, translated from the 4th German Edition, by Mrs. GEORGE HORROCKS, London, 1854, 3 Vols ..
ALISON's History of Europe (HARPEB & BROTHERS' Edition), Vol. VIII, Chap. XLVI, §§ 90-104, Pages 213-219.
DOMESTIC , RESIDENCE in SWITZERLAND, by ELIZABETH STRUTT, London, 1842, 2 Vols.
The MOUNTAINS and LAKES OF SWITZERLAND; with descriptive sketches of other parts of the continent, by Mrs. BRAY, London, 1841, 8 Vuls.
SWITZERLAND; or a journal of a Toun and RESIDENCE in that country. in the years 1817, 1818 and 1819, by. L. SIMOND, Boston, 1822, 2 Vole.
QUESTIONS sur "L'ENCYCLOPEDIE par des 'Amateurs, Nouvelle edition, Soig neusement revue, corrigee and Augmentee (VOLTAIRE), MDCCLXXI, Art. DEMO- CRATIE, Page 227, Vol. IV.
A Dissertation on the passage of HANNIBAL over the Alps, by HENRY L. WICKHAM and the Rev. J. A. CRAMER, 2d.Edition, London, 1828.
MEMOIRS AND CORRESPONDENCE of MALLET DU PIN, illustrative of the French Revolution (of 1789); collected and arranged by A. SAYous, late Professor at the Academy of Geneva, London, MDCCCLII, 2 Vols.
KELLER's lithographirte REISEKARTE DER SCHWEIZ.
SLAVERY AND SECESSION IN AMERICA, Historical and Economical, &c., &c., by THOMAS ELLISON, F. S. S., &c., London, 1862,
ZWINGLI ; or the RISE OF THE REFORMATION in Switzerland, by R. CHRISTOFFEL, Translated from the German by JOHN COCHRAN, Esq., Edinburgh, 1858.
The LIFE OF ULRICH ZWINGLI, the Swiss Reformer, by J. G. HESS, Translated from the French by LUOY AIKIN, London, 1812.
The LIVES of the PRINCIPAL REFORMERS, both Englishinen and Foreigners. comprehending the General History of the Reformation from its beginning in 1360, by Dr. JOHN WICKLIFFE, to its establishment in 1600 under Queen Elizabeth, with an Introduction by RICHARD ROLT, London, 1759.
A New and General BIOGRAPHICAL. DICTIONARY; containing an +historical and critical account of the Lives and Writings of the most eminent persons in every nation, London, 1784, 12 Vols.
The HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION of the XVIth Century. by J. H. MERLE D'AUBIGNE, D. D., Translated by H. WHITE, B. A. Published by the American Tract. Society, 5 Vols.
HISTOIRE' ECCLESIASTIQUE, par M. FLEURY, Pretre, Prieur d'Argenteuil and Confesseur du Roi, Paris, 1724, 36 Vols.
HISTORY OF THE VARIATIONS OF THE PROTESTANT CHURCHES, by JAMES BENIGN BOSSUET, Bishop of Meaux, &c., Antwerp, 1742, 2 Vols.
HISTOIRE DU CALVINISME ET CELLE DU PAPISME mises en parallele : ou. Apologie pour les Reformateurs, pour la Reformation, et pour les Reformez, divisee en quatre Parties; contre un libelle intitule'. l'Histoire du Calvinisme par Mr. MAIMBOURG, Rotterdam, 1683.
I&c.,
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