USA > Vermont > Grand Isle County > History of Franklin and Grand Isle counties, Vermont : With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of the prominent men and pioneers. > Part 39
USA > Vermont > Franklin County > History of Franklin and Grand Isle counties, Vermont : With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of the prominent men and pioneers. > Part 39
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The death of P. D. Moore and decline in the leather trade led to the closing of the business of the Swanton Tanning Company. In 1882 Walter Kimball, of Andover, Mass., came here and associated himself with C. A. Howe, who had been foreman for a number of years for the Swanton Tanning Company, (both practical tanners,) and they leased the plant, carried it on about two years, and then gave it up because of the constant decline in the leather trade, having lost from $6,000 to $10,000 during the two years. A very small business was done here, after the dissolution of the firm of Kimball & Howe, by Howe & Marcia, in the summer of 1884, which was the last done on this plant and in the village of Swanton Falls. The tannery buildings, from want of use and care, rapidly decayed and commenced to tumble down, and finally, in the spring of 1890, A. M. Moore sold the real estate to the Barney Marble Company, who, during the summer of 1890, took down the buildings and cleared away the rubbish, with a view of building a large marble-mill on the site. The new mill is to be erected, it is said, this year (1891). The tanning of leather on a small scale was commenced by Frederick Gove in 1815, on the west road, near the Daniel Bullard place, and kept up by him until about 1845. Another small tannery was started by Daniel Dean in 1846, on the same road, about a mile farther south. Dean was followed by James Malony, Elias Burnell, and R. T. Wood, and Wood and his son still carry on the business in a very small way. This is the only tannery, however, in town at present in operation. B. D. Wood commenced tanning at his home place in 1862, but after a few years abandoned the business.
It is said that other small tanneries were run for awhile in different parts of the town, which is quite likely, but just when and where the
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HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND GRAND ISLE COUNTIES.
writer is unable to ascertain. A few years ago (say thirty) there were many tanneries in successful operation in this section of the state, but now, on account of the scarcity of hemlock bark in this section, and the tendency to combine, nearly all have been driven out of the business in this and other parts of Vermont, and the tanning business transferred to the hemlock forests of other states.
The only cotton-mill operated in this part of the state was built on "Swanton Hill," about 1820, by William O. Gadcomb, then of St. Al- bans. The only article manufactured was cotton yarn, and this was in great demand among the settlers, being used as warp in the hand-loom in making linen and other cloth for family use. The mill was erected on a small stream that empties into Fairfield Pond a few rods below the site of the mill. The writer visited the spot a few years ago, and the walls and parts of water-wheels and other machinery still remained. On this same site and on the old walls a saw-mill was built quite recently by Lewis & Morton, of St. Albans. The cotton for the old mill came by way of Lake Champlain to St. Albans Bay, and then through the woods by horse and ox-teams to the mill.
Ship Building .- In 1820 S. W. & S. S. Keyes built a first-class boat, sloop style, at the Falls just below the dam; this was the first built here or in this section, and the launching was a great event, and the country people came in for miles around to witness the novel scene. It was christened, as it plunged into the river, Montgomery, and was used by the Keyeses in shipping lumber from Highgate and Swanton to Whitehall. In 1823 another large boat, canal style, schooner- rigged, was built by Julius H. Rice, Samuel Hoffman, and Thomas Clark. This boat was named the Washington, and was run by Captain Thomas Clark for many years. Thomas Webster, becoming the owner of the Washington, rebuilt her, after which she was commanded by George W. Webster, running up and down the lake and to New York city, and it is said did a good business for years. The Royal Oak was next, and was built in 1825 by Samuel Bullard. After the opening of the Champlain Canal these boats were mostly engaged in carrying pine lumber from the Falls direct to New York, also spruce and hemlock later on; but the shipping of lumber from Swanton ended about 1848. These boats, on their return trips from New York, brought
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TOWN OF SWANTON.
cargoes of merchandise for the merchants of Swanton, Highgate, and towns east. Iron from the Barney forge and marble from the marble - mills were taken in boats through the lake to New York markets. Since 1880 quite a number of steam yachts have been built here, the largest of which was the Hattie Belle, built by George F. Atwood at an ex- pense of $1,500 or more. She was adapted for river and lake, and in fact was a staunch, fine boat. Atwood sold her to Charles C. Gilmore, and he made many trips with her up and down the river, through the lake, down to St. Johns, P. Q., and wherever he or his friends desired to go in pursuit of game or pleasure. The Hattie Belle did the car- rying trade for the camping, fishing, and hunting parties starting out from Swanton Falls for a number of years. Gilmore sold her in the summer of 1890 to St. Albans parties. Captain F. J. Hawly and F. D. Lapelle own a good steam yacht, built by them to be used in summer in going to and from camp, and in making forays on fish and game down the river and in back bays and creeks. Boat-houses line the banks of the river below the dam where the yachts and small boats are housed during the winter and when not in use. Steam yachts are also owned by Dorman & Jewett, Barnes & Hosinger, Furman, Brown & Allen, and others. The Missisquoi, from the Falls to the lake, cannot be ex- celled for pleasure boating.
Public Houses or Hotels .- The first hotel was located where Lorenzo Laselle now owns and lives, and was run by Asa Holgate from 1793 to '98. This was the first hotel in town. Mr. Holgate dying, his widow continued to manage it until 1802. She was succeeded by Theophilus Mansfield to about 1821 ; then John R. Phelps, Capron, Harrison Ste- vens, and lastly Thomas Webster, in 1826. The next hotel at the Falls was built on the site where stands the residence of William H. Blake, 2d, and at first called the old Stevens stand. Ezra Jones was landlord from 1805 to 1812 ; Nathaniel Stearns from 1812 to 1825; James Brown from 1825 to 1826; Rice from 1826 to 1828; Nelson Bullard, 1828-33; Cal- vin Perry, 1833-37 ; William Cain, 1837-41 ; Nelson Bullard, 1841-49; L. D. Trurrill, 1849-58. This old-time and popular stand was burned in 1858. The next in order was called the Eagle Hotel, on the same site where stands the Central House, now owned and managed by J. F. Kelly. The first landlord was Thomas Webster, 1825 ; James Brown,
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HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND GRAND ISLE COUNTIES.
1827 ; Samuel Curtis, 1830; Mrs. Samuel Stevens, 1831; Lorenzo Perry, 1833 ; Daniel B. Marvin, 1835 ; Thomas Dimon, same year, 1835; W. Keys, 1836; Samuel Stevens, 1837; Harry Asselstyne, 1838-41 ; William Cain, 1842 ; Homer E. Loveland, 1844-46; Mrs. Samuel Ste- vens, 1847; Ward Barney, 1848 ; Stiles Faxon, 1851; William Keys, 1852 ; Horace Stearns, 1853; William Keys again in 1854, and he changed the name to "Central"; Erastus C. Jennison, 1856-66 ; Widow Jennison & Sons, S. H. and Stephen, 1866-69; Briggs, 1869- 70; C. F. Smith, 1870-80. The Central was enlarged and generally repaired by C. F. Smith. Mr. Smith sold to J. C. Babbitt, who leased it to a Brattleboro man by the name of Lawrence. Thomas S. Babbitt, son of J. C., succeeded Lawrence in 1882, and managed it until 1884 ; then S. II. Jennison, son of Erastus, came here and leased it, and oper- ated it for one year, and he was succeeded, in the spring of 1885, by J. F. Kelly, the present landlord. This hotel is now one of the best in the state, and is as well managed and as popular as any. Mr. Kelly has made a good many improvements to the property outside and in, by building, repair- ing, painting, etc. It is of brick and a fine looking structure, standing on the corner of Grand avenue and First street. On the west side of the river at the Falls the first to open a hotel were Ira and Erastus Church, in 1823. Ira Church and widow continued down to 1854, when Stiles Faxon ran it for awhile ; William Keys followed in 1856- 65 ; Hammond, 1865-69; William Keys again, 1869-72; J. I. Gibbs, 1872-74. In 1874 R. Lester Barney bought the hotel property, moved back the old building, and put up a new modern building, fitted it up and named it the Barney House, and a man by the name of Thomas Bolack was the first landlord under the new name. It was sold in 1876 to Charles & William Pease, who managed it until 1878, when it was sold to A. T. Kellogg. In 1880 the property came into the possession of E. A. Sowles, esq. He added a third story and changed the name to the " American House," and leased it to J. F. Kelly, who ran it until 1885, since which time it has been run by A. P. Herrick, jr., and F. B. Martel, and by a Mr. Hill. In the east part of the town, at a place known as Green's Corners, a hotel was opened in 1796, and run, first, by William Green, a pioneer in that section ; after by Scofield, Jackson, Butler, Ordway, and George Green. There has been no hotel in this part of
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TOWN OF ENOSBURGH.
the town since 1833. On the middle road Clark Hubbard commenced keeping hotel in 1798, and he was followed by Jarib Jackson, Ora Wil- lard, Daniel Campbell, Daniel B. Miegs, and Seth W. Hathaway ending in the year 1831. On the west road, near the Daniel Bullard brick house, Levi Hathaway commenced keeping hotel in 1797. Nathaniel Stearns, John R. Phelps, Adam Andros and John B. Keep followed him in the same building, but after 1834 it was abandoned as a tavern. On the same road, a mile or more farther south, and the same house now owned and occupied by Samuel Bullard, was the hotel known as and called the Old Stone Tavern. This was built by Samuel Bullard, grand- father of the present owner, in 1819, and was run by him, his widow, and son Charles until 1832, and was the half-way house between Swan- ton Falls and St. Albans village. There is a summer hotel on the lake shore, near Maquam dock and the terminus of the St. Johnsbury and Lake Champlain Railroad, owned by the railroad company, erected a few years ago by the Maquam Land Company. It was first built at Sheldon, Vt., taken down and brought here by railroad and put up, and finished and furnished in first-class manner, intended for summer travel and city boarders, and is open in the summer season only. It is quite an imposing building and nicely located. It is about two miles west from Swanton village, and is now under a lease to C. F. Smith, who opens it in summer for city patronage mainly. There are only two regular hotels in town at present.
CHAPTER XXI.
HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF ENOSBURGH.
T HE town of Enosburgh was brought into existence through the medium of a grant issued by Governor Thomas Chittenden, under the recommendation of the General Assembly, during the year 1780. At this particular period the authorities of the state were greatly in need of funds with which to conduct the affairs of government and provide
53
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HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND GRAND ISLE COUNTIES.
for military defenses on the northern frontier ; therefore, on the 10th of March, 1780, a committee of the Assembly, chosen for the purpose of providing for frontier defenses, made a report by which it was recom- mended that the governor grant, or order to be granted, four, five, or six townships of land " if it can be found without danger of lapping on the former grants."
In pursuance of this report, on the 12th of March, Governor Chitten- den made grants of six towns-Berkshire, Enosburgh, Richford, Mont- gomery, Wyllis (Jay), and Westfield ; all being, as will be noticied, in the northern region of the state, and of lands not previously granted.
The conditions upon which Enosburgh, and the others as well, was granted were: "That each proprietor of said townships pay to the treasurer of this state, or a committee hereafter to be appointed, the sum of eight pounds, lawful money, to be made good as it passed current in the year 1774. That the proprietors of Enosburgh and Westfield make payment to the said committee on or before the first day of June next, on payment of which charters of incorporation will be given. And each proprietor of the above townships, his heirs, or assigns, shall plant and cultivate five acres of land, and build a house at least eighteen feet square on the floor, or have one family settled on each respective right or share of land within the term of four years after the circumstances of the war will admit of a settlement with safety, on penalty of the forfeiture of each respective right or share of land in said townships, and the same to revert to the freemen of this state, to be by their representatives re- granted to such persons as shall appear to settle and cultivate the same. And said committee is empowered to erase the names of such proprie- tors as shall not appear and pay the money aforesaid, and enter others in their stead. And that five sixty-fifth parts in said township be re- served for public uses in this state, as shall be hereafter described in the charters of incorporation for said towns, as also all pine and oak timbers suitable for a navy."
Such was the character of the act by which Enosburgh was created ; and such were the conditions on which the grant was made. But the proprietors or those holding under them never complied with the strict requirements of their grant, nor, on this account, does it anywhere ap- pear that there was any forfeiture of rights by any of the grantees.
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TOWN OF ENOSBURGH.
The war closed in 1783, and settlement could have been made with safety very soon after that year, but none was made by that time, nor within the specified four years thereafter. As provided by the grant the grantees, Roger Enos and his associates, paid the consideration re- quired of them by the state, and thereafter, on the 15th of May, 1780, Governor Chittenden issued a charter for the town, giving to it these boundaries : "Beginning at the southwest corner of the town of Berk- shire ; thence east in the south line of Berkshire, six miles; thence southerly on such points as to gain six miles on a perpendicular from the south line of said Berkshire; thence west parallel with said south line of Berkshire, to the easterly line of the land heretofore granted by New Hampshire (Sheldon or Hungerford); thence northerly in such line, to the bounds began at, as will contain the contents of six miles square, and no more. And that the same is hereby incorporated a town by the name of Enosburgh ; and the inhabitants that do or hereafter shall inhabit the said town, are declared to be enfranchised, and entitled to all the privileges and immunities that other towns within this state do by law exercise and enjoy. To have and to hold the said granted and described tract of land, as above expressed, with all the privileges and appurtenances to them, and to their respective heirs and assigns forever."
Of the " five sixty-fifth parts," reserved for public uses, specified in the grant, the charter provided that one share be set apart for the use and support of a seminary or college within the state; one share to the first settled minister of the gospel, to be disposed of for that purpose as the town shall direct; one share for the use and support of the ministry ; one share for the support of the grammar schools throughout this state ; and one share for the use and support of a school or schools within said town.
The town of Enosburgh was named by Governor Chittenden in honor of its chief proprietor, Major-General Roger Enos, who entered the Continental army at the opening of the Revolutionary war. In the ex- pedition conducted by Brigadier General Arnold through the forests of Maine to Quebec, in the autumn of 1775, General Enos commanded the rear division of the army, which consisted of eleven hundred men. When the difficulties were so great as to make the enterprise question- able a council of war was held, and it was determined to go on, and
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HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND GRAND ISLE COUNTIES.
Enos was ordered to bring up his strongest men and leave the sick and feeble to return, but Enos took upon himself the responsibility of return- ing with his whole command. His conduct was severely criticized, but his action was excused on account of the circumstances that prompted it. Says a recent writer : " General Enos first appeared in Vermont history in March, 1780, when the town of Enosburgh was granted to him and his as- sociates. He next appears as above, commander of all Vermont troops in service, where he was among the few cognizant of the Haldimand Cor- respondence, and governed his military movements accordingly. His residence was in Hartland until after 1791, as the record shows that he represented that town on several occasions from October, 1782, to Octo- ber, 1792. The closing years of his life were spent with his daughter, Mrs. Ira Allen, in Colchester, where he died October 6, 1808. He was a major-general in the Vermont militia." But whatever prominence may have come to General Enos by virtue of his connection with the civil and military affairs of the state, and whatever riches may have been acquired by him in connection with the charter of this town, he never- theless became reduced in circumstances in later life, and was confined in jail under the act authorizing imprisonment for debt; but for this misfortune he was subsequently released under a special act of the legis- lature. Neither Roger Enos nor any of his fifty-nine associate grantees are understood as ever having become permanent residents of the town.
Although the town of Enosburgh was granted as early as March, 1780, the proprietors do not appear to have done anything looking to its settlement and improvement until some fifteen years later, except to have caused a survey to be made of the town's boundaries. But the state in 1789 seems to have assessed the town to pay the sum of twenty pounds, six shillings, and threepence, expenses of surveying town lines, done by Ira Allen and James Whitelaw, who had been successive sur- veyors-general about that period. In this connection, upon the making of the above assessment, the proprietors protested, and said they had al- ready caused the survey to be made, upon which the collection of the tax was suspended until an investigation should be made. An examination into this matter showed that the proprietors had made the survey and paid the cost of it as they alleged. But Enosburgh did not always continue according to the boundaries described in the original grant, for an act
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TOWN OF ENOSBURGH.
of October 31, 1798, took a tract of land from Bakersfield and annexed it to this town.
The first meeting of the proprietary of Enosburgh, of which there appears to be any present record, was that held the 8th of September, 1795, in pursuance of an " advertisement " issued by Councilor Samuel Safford, dated Bennington, July 18, 1795. By this warning the pro- prietors were directed to meet at the house of Joseph Baker in Bakers- field, at nine o'clock in the forenoon of the day named. In pursuance of the warning the meeting was held, at which time Captain Jedediah Hyde was chosen moderator ; Martin D. Follett, proprietors' clerk ; Stephen House, collector; Levi House, treasurer. Jedediah Hyde, Stephen House, Samuel B. Sheldon, Levi House, Amos Draper, Joseph Baker, and Martin D. Follett were chosen a committee to allot the town in one or more divisions and to lay out and clear roads. To meet the expense of this work there was voted a tax of ten dollars on each pro- prietor's right. On the 9th of September the proprietors held a meeting at Cambridge, at which time it was voted to lay out ten acres of land for a public parade ; and at a meeting held at Bakersfield, October 24, 1795, it was voted to give Stephen House forty acres of land for building a saw and grist-mill in the town. Proprietors' meetings were held at various times and places until about the year 1823, when they were dropped, or be- came merged in the town meetings held by the inhabitants; at least no record appears to be in existence showing such meetings of date more recent than 1823.
Tradition has it that the first settlement in Enosburgh was made dur- ing the year 1796, by a family named Balch, whose abode was in the west part of the town, on what was called Balch Hill; that the child of this family, Enos Balch, was the first born in the town ; that it was cradled in a sap-trough, but notwithstanding this hardship it afterward became a man of much prominence - a respected clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal church. Other authorities contend that Anna Fish Farrar, the daughter born to Isaac B. and Anna. Farrar, was the first born in the town, the date of that event being June 4, 1798.
In 1797 there was found to be a sufficient number of inhabitants and "right" owners to justify the full organization of the town, by the election of town officers and the administration of affairs within the juris-
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HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND GRAND ISLE COUNTIES.
diction independent of the proprietors or their proceedings. Accordingly, on the 12th of December, 1797, Justice of the Peace Jason Kingsley, of Cambridge, issued a warning as follows: "These are to notify all the inhabitants of Enosburgh, in the county of Franklin, who are qualified by law to vote in town meeting to meet at the dwelling house of Samuel Little on the third Monday of March next, then and there to act," etc. In pursuance of this warning the inhabitants met at Samuel Little's house on the 9th of March, 1798, and transacted business as follows : Chose Jonas Brigham, moderator ; Isaac B. Farrar, town clerk; Charles Follett, Samuel Little, and Martin Deming, selectmen; Moses Farrar, con- stable; Benjamin Follett, surveyor of highways; Joseph Terrill, hog reefe. At a meeting held later in the same month the records disclose what would now appear to be a highly unwarrantable proceeding on the part of the selectmen, being a "license" granted thus: "Enosburgh, March 27, 1798. This may certify that we do approve of Mr. Lewis Sweet- land's entertaining, and retailing liquors by small quantity, as an inn- keeper, at his house in Enosburgh, for one year from this date. Charles Follett, Martin Deming, Samuel Little, selectmen."
Town Officers Chosen in 1799 .- William Barber, moderator ; Samuel Little, clerk pro tempore ; Wheelock Peet, town clerk ; Martin Deming, Isaac B. Farrar, Martin D. Follett, selectmen; William Barber, treas- urer ; Moses Farrar, constable ; William Barber, Edward Baker, Nathan Pierce, listers ; Moses Farrar, collector ; Lewis Sweetland, grand juror ; Martin D. Follett, Amos Balch, Micah Rockwood, Edward Baker, sur- veyors of highways ; William Barber, Wheelock Peet, Anson Hull, hay- wards.
Now for the purpose of bringing to the reader's attention the names of as many as possible of the pioneer residents of Enosburg, it has been suggested that there be made a record of those who took the " freeman's oath " at various times down to and inclusive of the year 1810, at which time it is fairly conceded that pioneership was at an end. The following persons became qualified freemen at the time indicated : September 3, 1799 : Stephen House, Erastus Swift, Challis Safford, Lewis Sweetland, Samuel Little, Moody Clark, Amos Lawrence, Wheelock Peet, Martin D. Follett, Martin Deming, Henry Hopkins, Ralph Stern, Edward Baker, Amos Fassett, Stephen Jones, Anson Hull, Micah Rockwood,
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TOWN OF ENOSBURGH.
David Fassett, James Follett, Talma Hendrick, Oliver Hutchins, Amos Balch, Joshua Miller, Amaziah Clark, Nathan Pierce, Cyrus Balch, Thomas Richards, John Coburn. 1800 : Solomon Gilbert, Charles Rozier, David Davis, John Barber, Paul Duell. 1802 : Samuel H. Taylor, David Fas- sett, jr., Amos Fassett, jr., Israel H. Gunn, Robert Barber, Ebenezer Farrar, Philetus Sweetland, Benjamin Holden. 1804: Solomon Dimick, Solomon Crook, Samuel Todd, Rhoderick Owen, James Eaton, James Bassett, Elisha Fassett, S. Smith, Isaiah Phelps, S. Smith, Henry Albrow, Enos Pease, Elisha Boyce, Jonathan Eagar, Isaac Baldwin, Amos Under- wood, George Bassett, Henry Putnam, Horace Jones. March 26, 1806 : Thomas Emmons, Artemas Taft, Jehiel Barnum, Leonard Read, Leon- ard Read, jr., Josiah Baldwin, John C. Waller, Ebenezer Phelps, Joseph Waller, Moody Clark. September 2, 1806: Daniel Stevens, Eliphaz Eaton, Harvey Durguy, Grove Griswold, Jonas Boutelle, Elijah Nichols, Myer Wright, Benjamin Dutton, - Fassett, John Perley, John Kingsbury, Stephen Davis, Benjamin Smith, David Perley, Benjamin Kinne, Levi Chapman. September 3, 1806: Benjamin Albee, Elisha Nichols, Clark Gilbert, John Whitcomb, Moses Whitcomb, Timothy Dimmick, Ebenezer Bogue, Ephraim Adams, Samuel Cooper, Jedathon Baldwin. September, 1808 : Charles Comstock, John Arbuckle, Daniel Johnson, jr., Enoch Johnson, John Ripley, Enoch Pease, Abijah Rice, Holcomb Fassett, Asa Chamberlain, Lewis Sweetland, jr., Thomas Fuller, Daniel Johnson, 2d, Thomas Burbank, Daniel Johnson, Job Thomas, Peter Allard, Asahel Whitcomb, Amos Dunning, Ebenezer Baldwin. September, 1809: Spaulding Day, Elisha Taylor, Caleb Stevens, William Granger, Michael jepson, Samuel Bessee, Calvin Stewart, Daniel Finn, Thomas Richardson, Charles Burbank, Thomas Stevens, Asa Rozier, Anthony Bessee, James Arbuckle, Nathaniel Brown, Charles Montgomery, George Flint, William Morey, Gideon Mott, Theodore B. Haight, John Flint, Thomas Sawyer, Ebenezer Hoyt, William Gay, Joseph Waters, James Lockwood, Henry Burbank, Bishop Burnett, Amos Allen. September, 1810 : Samuel Rowley, Rufus Ward, Thomas E. Richards, Jeremiah Hutchings, Jonathan Kellogg, Nehe- miah Phillips, Solomon Hurd, Gilbert Hayes, Anthony Gay, Horatio G. Hawkins, Jacob Pomeroy, Dolphus Paul, Benjamin Smith, jr., Valentine Sergeant.
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