USA > Vermont > Rutland County > The history of Rutland county, Vermont; civil, ecclesiastical, biographical and military, pt 1 > Part 22
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In 1867 the title of the bank was changed to The Castleton National Bank, and Carlos S. Sherman became president, and I. M. Guy, cashier.
TOWN CLERKS.
The list of town officers is necessarily imper- fect, in consequence of the loss of part of the records by fire.
Eli Cogsel,* the first town clerk. held the of- fice until 1781, and was succeeded by Brewster Higley. How long he retained the office is not known. A. W. Hyde was town clerk for some years previous to 1812. J. G. Harris was town clerk from 1812 to '36 ; O. R. Harris from '36 to '52: H. O. Higley, '52 to '55; Wm. Werd to '57; John Howe, to '61; Wm. Moulton, to '62; John Howe, to '66 ; C. M. Willard, to '71; IL. C. Clark, '71.
TOWN TREASURERS,
In the order of their appointments: Ebenezer Lorngdon, John Meacham, Erastus Higley, John Goodwin, Eebenezer Lerngdon, S. H. Merrill, Samuel Moulton, John Meacham, T. W. Rice, Wm. Moulton.
TOWN REPRESENTATIVES.
Capt. Joseph Woodward represented the town in the Convention held in Doorset, Sept., 1776, and was appointed chairman of the Co.vention. Capt. John Hall represented th ... town at Westminister in 1777, when the Stat- was declared independent. Mr. Hall was killed the same year at Castleton.
. This uamo was afterwards written Cogswell.
Jesse Belknap-represented at Pittsford in 1778. Zadok Remington represented, proba- bly in 1779.
I have not been able to find the names of other representatives until 1812. From this date the list is complete.
Ebenezer Langdon, 1812; Chauncy Lang- don, 1813, '14; William Pond, 1815 to '16 ; Chauncy Langdon, 1817; John Mason, 1818; Chauncy Langdon, 1819 to '22; John Mason, 1822, Special Session ; Reuben Moulton, 1823 to 1829; Selah H. Merrill, 1831, '32; Nehemiah Hoit, 1833; John Meacham 1835, '36; Hyde Westoon, 1837, '38 ; Erastus Hig- ley, 1839, '40; William Sanford, 1841, '42; O. R. Harris, 1843, '44; Samuel Cheever, 1845, 46; T. W. Bill, 1847, '48; Ezra Carr, 1849; Wm. B. Colburn, 1850; Isaac T. Wright, 1851, '52; Chester Spencer, 1853, '54; A. G. W. Smith, 1855; Chester Spencer, 1856; Hyde Westoon, 1857, '58; I. T. Wright, 1859, '60; E. J. Holloch, 1861 ; Pitt W. Hyde, 1862, '64; Richard M. Phillips, 1865, '66: John Howe, 1867; Fayette Barney, 1868, '69; Pitt W. Hyde, 1870.
JUDGES OF PROBATE.
District of Fairhaven, Probate office at Castleton.
Judges. Residence.
Time.
Wm. Ward, Poultney,
1788 to '92.
Simeon Smith,
1793.
Wm. Ward,
1794 to '98.
C. Langdon,
Castleton,
1799 to 1800.
Wm. Ward,
Poultney,
1801 to '13.
Erastus Higley,
Castleton,
1814 to '21.
Sam'l Moulton,
1822.
Erastus Higley,
1823.
John Stanley,
Poultney,
1824 to '29.
John Meacham, Almon Warner, C. M. Willard,
Castleton, =
1830.
1831 to '47.
1848 to '71.
REGISTERS OF PROBATE.
Registers.
Residence.
Time.
C. Langdon,
Poultney,
1793.
John Brown,
Selah Gridley,
Castleton,
1799 to 1800.
John Stanley,
Poultney, =
1801 to '02.
Wm. Ward, jr.,
1804 to '13.
C. Langdon.
Castleton,
1814 to '15.
S. H. Merrill, 16
1815 to '23.
Almon Warner,
= Poultney,
1821 to '20.
S. Il. Merrill,
Castleton,
1830 to '39.
B. F. Langdon,
1839 to '43.
J. A. Warner, 16
1St0 to '47.
POST MASTERS.
Little is known respecting the post masters in the early history of the town, or in what year a post office was established. The first
--.
1796 to '97.
516
VERMONT HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
settlers went to Rutland, 11 miles, for all mail | age, and the bills of mortality compare favor. matter, but how long is not known. So far as ire can learn, Dr. Selah Gridley may have been the first post master, though it is probable there were others before him. Samuel Moul- ton, Esq., received the appointment in 1810, and held it till his death in 1838. Since his death the following persons have held the of- fice, viz. Hannibal Hodges, Cullen Moulton, Chester Spencer, Gustavus Buel, and William Moulton, the present post master.
SUPPORT OF THE POOR.
The system adopted for the care of the poor up to 1845, was to authorize the selectmen to make all necessary provision; or else to com- mit them to the care of the lowest bidder, dis- posing of them at auction on the day of town meeting.
In 1845, the town purchased the farm owned by Dea. Endearing Johnson, at a cost of $6000, embracing 380 acres of land, with good farm- house and out-buildings. Since the purchase of the farm to the present time, an overseer of the poor has been chosen annually. who has the oversight of the farm, and the care of the poor .. Those most needy and dependent are kept at the town farm, while those who need only a little help from time to time, are pro- vided for at their own homes, or with their friends. The average annual expenditure for the poor for the last 26 years has been $542,48. The largest amount in any one year was $!114,30, and the least $383,89. This in- cludes cost of clothing, and doctors' bills, care of the sick, burying the dead, and the salary of the overseer.
A portion of the land in the original pur- chase has been sold. 100 acres of it is timber- Jand lying in the town of Hubbardton; and the balance, 160 acres, called the home farm. In most cases it pays all the expenses of the poor. Mr. Fayette Barney, the present overseer, has occupied the position for many years.
THE WHIPPING POST
Was an ancient institution of this, as of other towns, in the early history of the state; but it is said, it was never used for the purpose for which it was erected.
HEALTH, DISEASES, MORTALITY.
Castleton may be regarded as a healthy township. In the early settlement, intermit- tent, remittent, and inflammatory fevers were common-especially near the outlet of the lake-but they are now comparatively rare. Many of the inhabitants have lived to great
ably with other parts of the state. The aver- age number of deaths yearly, from 1804 to 1813, was 22 1-2, and from 1829 to 1854, 26 3-4. If we take into account the increase of population, the rate of mortality must have been less du- ring the latter period. The most mortal dis- eases have been typhoid pneumonia, malig- nant typhus and canker rash. These have been epidemics at different periods. The most mor- tal epidemic was of typhoid pneumonia in 1813, of which 63 died. chiefly adults. In 1833, the number of deaths was 46. In 1841, it was 66, and in 1849, it was 49.
NEWSPAPERS IN CASTLETON.
The first newspaper published in this town, was called The Vermont Statesman. It was commenced in 1824, by Ovid Miner, Editor and Proprietor-Whig in politics. Mr. Miner re- mained but a few years, and soon after leaving Castleton, entered the ministry in which he continues to this day. Under the management of different Editors, retaining essentially the same political character, the Statesman contin- ued till 1855.
The Green Mountain Eagle was established about 1832, under the excitement of Anti- Masony. Judge Howe was probably the prime mover and principal proprietor in the enter- prise. For a time this paper had a pretty wide circulation, and became an important organ of the Anti-Masonic party. Its existence term- inated with that party.
SUMMARY OF THE BUSINESS OF CASTLETON.
Town officers, and professional men, &c., 1871 : clerk. C. M. Willard ; overseer and agent, F. Barney ; treasurer, Wm. Moulton ; selectmen. Seneca Field, C. R. Farewell, Wm. M. Bachelder; justices of the peace. C. M. Willard, Chester Spencer, Philip Pond, Fayette Barney, P. W. Hyde; postmaster at C., Wm. Moulton, at Hydeville, R. W. Hyde ; attorneys, C. M. Willard, - Bromber, - Clark ; phy- sicians, Joseph Perkins, II. C. Atwood. H. J. Bassett. - Sanford: dentist, A. G. W. Smith; clergy, L. Francis, Congregational ; J. Philips, Methodist Episcopal ; A Mathewson. Advent ; H. L. Gross, Baptist; Wm. T. Ross, Liberal ; Principal of Seminary and Normal School, R. G. Williams; merchants, W. C. Guernsey, Arm- strong Bros., Adams and Pepper ; druggists, Northrup and Son ; grocers, S. Proctor, T. P. Smith, E. D. Billings, J. Culver ; flour dealers, Langdon and Ainsworth ; marble dealers, - Shermam, Adams and Langdon,
517
CASTLETON.
S. M. Dorr and Son, Hydeville Co; slate work- [ ble at this day fully to estimate the effort rr. ers, E. D. Billings and Co., E. A. Billings, For- quired for such an enterprise, on the part of est mining and slate Co; manufacturers, Bar- rowy and Graves, agricultural implements.
SCHOOL DISTRICTS.
The township was divided into school dis- triets in 1785, but the number of districts, at that time, is not given. In 1804, we find the number to be six, and the amount of public money received, $ 100.
Your.
Dist. Scholars. Amount.
In 1810, there were 7, 8,
513, 530.
$ 159.89 160.
1820,
9,
591,
507.
1810,
1850,
"
10,
741,
662 68
18:30,
11,
911,
899.14
1870,
11.
869.50
There are ten whole districts and two half districts, divided with adjoining towns; so that the two halves are counted one.
RUTLAND COUNTY GRAMMAR SCHOOL AND CASTLETON SEMINARY.
As early as 1786. it would seem, the first movements were made which resulted in the es- tablishment of the Rutland County Grammar School at Castleton. Feeling the inadequacy of the district schools of that day to meet the wants of their children, a plan was devised to erect a building for a school of higher order. Perhaps there was an eye to the future gram- mar school in this movemont, yet the move- mont was exclusively by the people of Castle- ton. They must raise money, ereet a building, and establish a school, before they could hope for any State enaetment. Accordingly a building was erected a little to the west of the & te of the present Methodist church, upon land given for a school by Samuel . Moulton, and a " hool commenced. The year following, applica- ton wa .nade to the Legislature of Vermont for a charter ; but instead of a charter, the Legisla- ture passed an aet authorizing the opening of a County Grammar School in the building recent- ly erected, called the Gambriel-roof school- house, in Castleton; provided it be done with- mit expense to the county. Here the school was opened. as a Grammar School, in 1787.
The act made no provision for a corporation ; yet there were efficient managers, and the * bowl was soon in successful operation, and ( tinned to prosper until the gambriel-roof Fouling was consumed by fire about 1800. T'as was founded one of the earliest acad- feira in the state ; and it stands a lasting mon- ument to the enterprise, liberality and wise forecast of those early settlers. It is impossi-
those who were struggling amid the emharrass. mer : of a new settlement. Yet. nothing daunt- ed, v. men the first bullding was consumed, its place was soon filled by another and larger building : and another appeal is made to the Legislature for a permanent charter, and with better sueeess.
Oct. 29, 1805, an act was passed by the Leg- islature, entitled " an act confirming a Grammar School in the County of Rutland;" and " the Reverend Elihu Smith, the Honorable James Witherell, and Messieurs Chauncy Langdon, Aruna W. Hyde, Theophilus Flagg, Samuel Shaw, James Gilmore, Amos Thompson. John Mason, Enos Merrill and Isaac Clark" were eon- stituted a board of trustees, with the usual powers.
Section III. of this act is in the following words. " And it is hereby further enacted, that the house in Castleton, in said County, lately ereeted on the spot where stood the School-house for said County, which was lately consumed by fire, be and is hereby established as a County Grammar School-house for said County, so long as the inhabitants of said Cas- tleton shall keep the same or any other house at the same place in good repair for the pur- pose aforesaid, to the acceptance of the County Court of said County."
Special care was taken from the first, that the town of Castleton should be responsible for all the expenses of the academy. With the exception of a limited amount of subscriptions secured for the purchase of the present building, and the rent of lands set apart for a county gram- mar school, the entire expenses of the school have been met by the inhabitants of Castleton. The gross amount from the beginning, could it be ascertained, would be found surprisingly large.
The name, " Rutland County Grammar School" was changed to "the Vermont Cassieal High School," by Legislation act, Oet. 29. 1828: and again changed back to " Rutland County Grammar School," Nov. 1, 1830.
Rev. Elihu Smith was the first president of the corporation, A. W. Hyde first secretary, Enos Merrill first treasurer. Rollin C. Mallory, at that time a resident of Castleton, was elect- ed a member of the corporation in 1807.
Rev. Oliver Hulbert was the first preceptor. ITis term of service was in the old gambriel- roof school-house, and probably continued until that house was burned. Very little is known rsepreting his administration ; only this, that the school was weil sustained, under the cir-
1
1830,
10,
596,
561.35
6%
513
VERMONT HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
cumstances. Mr. Hurlbert subsequently enter- ed the ministry, and was settled in Ohio. R. C. Moulton was chosen preceptor soon after the new building was completed.
William Dickinson was chosen preceptor Sep- tember, 1809, and continued till 1810 or'11, and was succeeded by Eleazer Barrows, who remain- ed 2 years, and was eminently popular and suc- cessful.
John L. Cazier and Horace Belknap were each of them preceptors, but it does not appear in what years, or how long they continued.
In 1815 the academy building was removed back from the street, so as to make a deep front yard, and thoroughly repaired, involving much expense.
Rev. John Claney, a graduate of Middlebu- ry College, was chosen preceptor in 1819 .- He remained but one year; and, after com- pleting a course of study at Andover, Mass., entered the ministry, and settled over the Pres- | deliberation the corporation decided to rent the byterian church in Charlton, N. Y. He now resides in Schenectady.
Mr. Henry Howe was chosen preceptor in 1820, and his administration marks a new era of prosperity to the school. He was chosen with a view to permanency, and during his continuance for six years, the school grew in numbers and in prosperity. He left Castleton to take charge of an academy in Canandaigua, N. Y., where he was a successful teacher for many years, and gained a wide reputation.
Rev. Edwin Hall, D. D., now president of Auburn Theological Seminary, N. Y., was the immediate successor of Mr. Howe.
.
Hon. Solomon Foote, late Senator in Con- gres, was chosen preceptor in May, 1828, and entered upon the duties with energy and high purpose, thinking to devote his life to teaching. Aided by competent teachers, the school in- creased rapidly, and the accommodations be- came too strait to suit his aspirations. He con- ceived the plan of a high school for lads, and by his own personal efforts, aided by Mr. For- dice Warner and Mr. A. W. Hyde, the large building now owned and occupied by the gram- mar school was erected at a cost of $16,000, and dedicated, with an appropriate address by Rev. William B. Sprague, D. D., of Albany, N. Y.
This was entirely distinct from the academy, the care of which Mr. Foote had given up pre- vious to the dedication. From this time till 1833, the school was in a transition state. and there were frequent changes of principals, uo oue of whom continued long. The obstacles to
prosperity were serious ; and though able men were employed-such as Rev. Truman MI. Post, D. D., of St. Louis, and Hon. Jolin Meacham, late representative in Congress, the institution languished. The spacious high school building standing unoccupied, doubtless had its influ- encc.
Mr. Foote opened a school for lads in that building, but not receiving the patronage he had hoped for, did not long continuc. The building fell into the hands of Mr. A. W. Hyde, on whom the pecuniary responsibility mainly rested. It was no easy matter to turn it to a useful and paying purpose. It was first tried for a tavern, and then for the use of the Medical College; then it was offered to the Episcopalians, and then to the Baptists for a denominational school-all to no purpose. It was just such a building as the Grammar School needed. but the corporation had no money to buy it. After much building for four years, at an annual rent of $400., and appointed Rev. Charles Walker. D. D., then of Rutland, and Rev. Lucius F. Clark, associate principals.
This was a new era in the school. From this time it has been a boarding as well as a day school, with greatly augmented numbers and reputation. Within one year the school numbered about 200 in attendance. Mr. Walk- er left at the end of one year, restored in health, and able to resume his chosen work in the ministry, at Brattleboro, Vt.
Mr. Clark remained until 1887, when he re- signed and went to Knoxville, Ten., as profess- or of Chemistry and Natural History, in the University of Tennessee, where he died.
Rev. Mr. Meack was associated with Mr. Clark for a time, and was sole principal about one year.
A contract for the purchase of the sensaary building was effected with Mr. Hyde in March, 1838, and the building has since been in the possession of the corporation.
Rev. E. J. Hallock succeeded Mr. Meack in the fall of 1838. He did much towards build- ing up the institution ; and rendered important service in raising funds to cancel the debt for the building. IIe resigned in 1856, and died of cholera soon after, in St. Louis, Mo.
Rev. Azariah Hyde of Benson was chosen principal in 1856, and remained 2 years. He was succeeded by Rev. Mr. Knowlton, now of Medway, Mass.
Miss Harriet N. Haskel was invited to take charge of the seminary, in 1862, as lessee and
519
principal, and was eminently successful. At
the end of 5 years she received and accepted an invitation to Monticello seminary, Godfrey, Ill.
The two following years were years of de- pression, and the number of scholars was great- ly reduced. The present principal, Rev. R. G. Williams, chosen in 1869, is a man whose attain- ments and large experience in teaching may be expected to raise the institution to more than its former prosperity.
A State Normal School is now connected with the seminary.
The recent re-union of scholars, teachers, and friends of the institution at Castleton, Jan. 29, 1870, affords a happy illustration of the deep and wide-spread influence it has exerted. There were about 500. alumni present on the occasion, gathered from all parts of this State ; and from many other states. Few institutions in New-England can boast a larger number of a'umni, as widely scattered and influential. They may be found in nearly every state and territory of our own land, and some in foreign lands. The season referred to was most delight- ful. There were happy greetings, and joyful reminiscenses, and earnest pledges of aid and encouragement in days to come.
Before separating, the alumni formed an as- sociation, and adopted a constitution which provides for annual meetings, and also for a general convention of alumni every 5 years.
TRUSTEES OF THE RUTLAND COUNTY GRAMMAR SCHOOL.
1805. Elihu Smith, + * 1829.
James Witherell
+ * 1819.
Chauncy Langdon, :1830.
Arunah W. Hyde,
* 1815
Theophilus Flagg,
* 1808.
Samuel Shaw,
+ * 1.815.
James Gillmore,
+ * 1815.
Amos Thompson,
+
* 1827.
John Mason,
+
* 1837.
Enos Merrill,
+ * 1858.
Isaac Clark,
* 1821.
1807.
Rollin C. Mallary,
* 1819.
Robert Temple,
1808.
David Sanford, + * 1838
1×15.
Leonard E. Lathrop,
+ * 1828.
"
Christopher M. Minot, * 1823.
=
Selah Gridley,
+ * 1827.
1819. Zimri Howe,
John Meacham,
* 1839.
1922.
Henry Howe,
1826.
Selah H. Merrill,
+
* 1836
1-27.
James Adams,
* 1856.
1427.
Ezekiel Buel,
* 183
1523.
Ovid Miner,
+ 1828.
1-20.
Joseph Steele,
1 - 21.
Joseph Perkins,
1-35.
B. F. Langdon,
* 1802.
Henry Hodges,
*
John Kellogg,
* * 1845.
W'm. C. Kittridge,
* 1869.
1835.
Alanson Mitchell,
Merritt Clark
1837. O. N. Dana, + * 1842.
1838. Arunah W. Hyde,
1839.
H. O. Higley,
Almon Warner, 1862.
1851.
Aldace Walker,
+
+
1869.
Azarich Hvde,
+
* 1869.
1855.
Willard Child,
+
1856.
C. M. Willard,
1856.
B. F. Adams,
Carlos S. Sherman,
1863.
Charles Sheldon,
1865.
John Howe,
+
W'm. C. Guernsey,
James Adams,
Lewis Francis,
1869.
Chas. H. Sheldon,
+ 1869.
Egbert H. Armstrong.
Chas. Langdon,
Wm. N. Batchelder,
Pitt W. Hyde, Andrew N. Adams.
Theodore M. Sherman,
Andrew Clark,
Josiah N. Northrup,
Hiram Ainsworth,
Farrand Parker.
CASTLETON MEDICAL COLLEGE.
The first course of medical lectures given in Vermont, was delivered in Castleton, by Doc- tors Selah Gridley, Theodore Woodward and John L. Cazier, commencing in March, 1818. By an act of the general assembly of Vermont, Oct. 20, 1818. the charter of a medical school, to be called the Castleton Medical Academy, was granted to Selah Gridely. Theodore Wood- ward and their associates and successors. A faculty was organized, and the first course of lectures, under the charter, commenced Nov. 15, 1818. Oct. 27, 1819, it was "enacted by the general assembly of the State of Vermont, that the president, with the consent of the pro- fessors of Castleton Medical Academy, shall have power to give and confer those honors and degrees, which are usually given in medi- ical institutions, on such students of said acade- my as they shall find worthy thereof." By an act of Nov. 7, 1822, the name of the institution was altered to " the Vermont Academy of Med- icine." In 1820, a conventional connection was formed between this institution and Mid- d'ebury College, by which degrees of Doctor of Medicine were conferred on such students
* Deceased. t Removed. * Resigned.
+
Hyde Westoon,
+
Timothy W. Rice,
+ 1869.
A. L. Brown, +
Solomon Fonte,
+ * + + 1854.
*
=
=
CASTLETON.
520
VERMONT HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of the institution as were found worthy. This connection ceased in 1827.
This institution owed its existence, and much of its prosperity, to the enterprise, resources and unwearied exertions of Doctors Gridley and Woodward. Until 1835, lectures were given in one annual lecture term of 14 weeks ; during the years 1835-37, the lecture terms were semi-annual; the spring term commenc- ing in March, and the fall term in August ; each term being 14 weeks. Near the anticipated opening of the spring term of 1833, the severe indisposition of Prof. Woodward. which termin- ated his career of usefulness, and the unexpect- ed determination of two members of the faculty to engage in the organization of a rival school, and some other unpropitious events, served to suspend the operations of the school during the two following years.
In 1830, the Vermont Academy of Medicine was reorganized, and a new faculty elected. and in March. 1840, the school was re-opened by an annual spring term of 14 weeks. After revers- es so severe, it was not to be expected that confidence and patronage would at once be re- gained by the institution. The anticipations of its friends, however, were more than realized, both in this and the succeeding session, and their efforts were unremitted to place the school on 'a permanent basis, with advantages equal to any in the country. During the year 1841, the lecture-rooms were entirely re-modeled, so as to combine convenience with neatness and ele- gance. The material of the anatomical mu- senm was also much increased by the accession of Prof. M'Clintock's splendid preparations and paintings; and a new room 30 feet by 20 fitted up for their accomodation. Cabinets of materia medica and mineralogy were added, also, in a separate apartment.
By an act of the general assembly passed Oct., 22. 1841, the name of the Vermont Acad- emy of Medicine was altered to the "Castleton Medical College," which was deemed more ex- pressive of the character and chartered priv- ileges of the school. Arrangements were made for reading terms and private lectures and recitations, so as to approximate, so far as practicable, to the collegiate system of regular recitations and instructions. The degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred by the presi- dent, on such candidates as were approved by the faculty, on the last day of the session, or at such other times as were designated by a ma- jority of the faculty.
During the interval of the public lectures, in-
struction was given at the college by the resi- ident members of the faculty, Drs. M'Clintock, Perkins and Jamieson. This instruction con- sisted of reading and recitation by classes, and a summer course of lectures on the anatomi- cal tissues and physiology ; botany and indig- enous materia medica, and chemistry; also a fall or winter course on anatomy and operative surgery.
For several years following the re-organza- tion, the college was prosperous, and the number of students equal if not greater than in former years. About the year 1854, Dr. Perkins re- signed his place as dean and professor, in con- sequence of some misunderstanding with the trustees and faculty, and removed his relation to the medical college at Burlington. The re- sult was disastrous to the college. An un- pleasant controversy grew up, the number of students was diminished, others of the faculty resigned, funds to sustain the institution were wanting, and the whole was given up. It is sad to think an institution that had enjoyed so great prosperity for many years. must cease to exist. From the triennial of 1854, it appears that the total of those who matriculated from 1818 to 1838, was 2014; and of graduates 547. The number who matriculated from 1839 to 1854, was 2603, and of those who graduated 804.
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