USA > Vermont > The story of Vermont (1926) > Part 6
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THE STORY OF VERMONT
and its many branches pass over all the moun- tain peaks of Vermont.
These roads and the automobile have made it easier to appreciate the beauty of the moun- tains, and they have removed the greatest handicaps of mountain homes, isolation and the lack of means of making a living, for to- day tourists from all parts of the world come to the Green Mountains, and the inhabitants have found a new and profitable livelihood in providing hospitably for them. That is why so many homes are being remodelled and equipped with modern conveniences. More than that, many of the neglected small houses are being made over into cottages for families who want to spend the summer in the moun- tains.
The mountain farms that do not pay are now being turned back into forests. The State Department of Forestry raises thou- sands of little trees of the kind that will grow best in Vermont. As a result, in twenty years from now the forest will return to the land that was cleared a century ago by the pioneer.
However, the mountain farms are only a part of the resources of Vermont. In the valleys of the many rivers that flow through
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THE GREEN MOUNTAINS 131
the State and along Lake Champlain there are thousands of acres of fertile lands. In 1875 the invention of the silo made it profit- able for these river farmers to greatly increase the number of cows because the silo made it possible to provide fodder for the cows during the winter much more cheaply than formerly. There are more cows in Vermont to-day than people, and every day long trains carry milk from these farms to the larger cities to the south.
Dairy products, maple syrup, fruit and other farm products enable these farmers to prosper. The frequent waterfalls make elec- tric power so accessible that to-day almost every hamlet and a large number of farms enjoy electric light and power.
There are no large cities in this State. Burlington, on Lake Champlain, the largest, has a population of about twenty-five thou- sand. In all these larger places there are small but prosperous manufacturing plants. Then there are the stone industries. In the Green Mountains there are vast deposits of marble, granite, slate, and talc. Barre is the centre of the world for granite, Proctor for marble and St. Johnsbury for maple products. Vermont
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132 THE STORY OF VERMONT
still provides a large amount of lumber and wood for paper pulp.
We have compared the pieces of driftwood
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Nowhere else in the country were there such fine marble and granite as in Vermont.
that left the quiet bay and floated out into the big current of the river to the people who left Vermont. Some of these people still kept their homes in Vermont but their active life
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THE GREEN MOUNTAINS
was mostly nation and world wide. Vermont is justly proud of their service, but they be- long more to a history of the United States than of Vermont. We will only mention a few of their names.
First, of course, we think of President Cool- idge, and he reminds us of another President who was a native of Vermont-Chester A. Arthur. Vermont has no seacoast, yet she has given three naval leaders of the highest ability-Admiral George Dewey, the hero of Manila Bay, Admiral Mayo, whose exploits were not as spectacular but of great value, and Admiral Clark, who made the battleship Oregon famous. In the Congress of the United States the State is proud of the record of men like Edmunds, Poland, Morrill and Proctor. The list is far from complete but to write it would take us far from the Green Mountain State.
Twice after the Civil War, Vermont proved its loyalty to the nation in time of war. In both the Spanish American War and the World War there never was any doubt but that this State would generously fill every re- quirement in men, supplies and money. The loyalty of Vermont has often been compared
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134
THE STORY OF VERMONT
to her native granite, the most enduring stone in the world.
In the beginning of this story the mountains and valleys of Vermont were deserted except by French war parties going south or English bands going north. With peace came the pioneers lured by the natural beauty and a desire for independence. For a quarter of a century, this small scattered group of early settlers had to struggle against such great foes as England, the colony of New York and the Continental Congress of the original States. But they never surrendered their love for independence, and they won. Then in later years the tide turned. Vermont was no . longer a pioneer State and many of the de- scendants of the early settlers went out to make new conquests.
To-day we are at the beginning of a new change in the story of the State. Busy human beings long for rest and beauty. To them the Green Mountains, as lovely as when they attracted the carly pioneers and now, thanks to good roads and the automobile, much more accessible, extend a welcome. There are Ver- monters who are anxious to use to capacity the waterfalls of the State and multiply fac-
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THE GREEN MOUNTAINS
tories; this may be the new page of the story of Vermont. Most Vermonters would like to see more industries, but, after all, the world has plenty of manufactured things; it needs more than these the strength that comes from look- ing unto the hills. That Vermont has to offer.
INDEX
A
C
Adams, John, 83, 84.
Albany, N. Y., speculators in, 19; E. Allen visits, 22. Allen, Ethan, 22; takes Fort Ticonderoga, 34 to 38; cap- ture of, 41; sent to petition Congress, 60; puts down in- surrection, 61; correspon- dence with England, 63.
Allen, Ira, correspondence with England, 63 to 66; offers land for university, 80.
Ames, 76. Ann, Fort, 49.
Anti-Federalist party, 83.
Arnold, Benedict, at Fort Ti- conderoga, 36; at Quebec, 42, 43; at battle of Lake Cham- plain, 44; at Saratoga, 46. Arthur, President, 133.
Articles of Confederation, 73. Automobile affects Vermont, 129.
B
Baker, R., 22. Barre, 131.
Baum, Colonel, 51, 52.
Bennington, struggle with Yorkers, 20; welcomes east side, 32; battle of, 51 to 54; legislature meets at, 59. Black Snake, 97. Boards of Censors, 80, 81. Boston, 4, 8.
Brandon, 108. Burgoyne, General, 46, 50. Burke, Edmund, 50. Burlington, 80, 131.
California, 106.
Canada, French and Indians in, 4 to 6; trade with Ver- mont, 91, 94 to 96; Confed- erates in, 114.
Castleton, 35. Catamount Tavern, 20.
Cavaliers, 72. Census, 79.
Champlain, Lake, discovery of, 1; highway to the South, 4 to 6; French settlement on, 12; importance of, 34; battle on, 43; smuggling on, 96. Champlain, Samuel de, 1, 2.
Chittenden, Thomas, elected governor, 59; controversy with Congress, 69, 70; ability of, 80 to 82. Civil War, 106, 110 to 116.
Clark, Admiral, 133.
Clay, Henry, 108.
Clinton, Governor, 61.
Clinton, Sir Henry, 46.
Cochran, R., 22.
Concord, Mass., 34.
Congress, Continental, first meeting of, 29; attitude to- ward Vermont, 38 to 40; weakness of, 56, 57; Vermont petitions, 60, 61; and Haldi- man correspondence, 64; re- lations with Vermont, 71; finances of, 73. Congress, Federal, 77.
Connecticut River, 4, 9. Constitution of U. S., 76, 77. Constitution of Vermont, 58, 59.
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A
138
INDEX
Coolidge, President, 124, 133. Cornwallis, 64. Crown Point, 36, 44.
D
Dartmouth College, 86. Declaration of Independence, 56.
Delaplace, Captain, 36.
Democratic party, 86.
Derby Line, 99.
Dewey, Admiral, 133.
Dorset, 39, 57.
Douglas, Stephen A., 108.
Dummer, Fort, 12.
Dummer, Lieutenant-Gover- nor, 8. Dwight, Timothy, 9.
E
Edmunds, Senator, 133. Embargo Act, 90, 91, 94, 99. England, early settlers, 1, 2; and ownership of Vermont, 19, 20; freedom from, 56; correspondence with Ver- mont, 62, 64; war with, 88 to 92. English, conflicts with French and Indians, 2 to 13.
F
Federalists, 83. Forestry, 130. Fox, 50. France, 1, 88, 92. Fraser, 48. French, conflicts with English, 2 to 13.
G
Galusha, Governor, 88. Genêt, Citizen, 84.
Green Mountain Boys, strug- gles with Yorkers, 22 to 25; capture of Fort Ticonderoga by, 35 to 38; assist Arnold in Canada, 43; at Benning- ton, 51 to 54. Green Mountain Trail, 129. Green Mountains, location of, 26; proposed as division, 61; attraction of, 130. Guilford, Vt., 71.
H
Hamilton, Alexander, 76, 83. Hartford Convention, 102. Hessians, 51 to 52.
Hubbardton, battle of, 48, 49. Hudson River, 34, 50.
I
Indians, 1, 2; raids with French, 4 to 13; with Bur- goyne, 50; attack Royalton, 67. Intemperance, 104. Isle La Motte, 4.
J
Jackson, A., 110. Jay, John, 76. Jefferson, Thomas, 83, 86, 90.
L
Lake George, 34. Lexington, 34. Lincoln, Abraham, 110, 111. Ludlow, 124. Lyon, M., S5.
M
MacDonough, Thomas, 97. Madison, President, 76, 90. Maine, 2, 42. Manchester, 54.
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INDEX
Maple-sugar, 119. Marshall, 76.
Massachusetts, early settlers, 4; protects settlers, 8; claims part of Vermont, 61; condi- tion of, after war, 75.
Mayflower, 1.
Mayo, Admiral, 133.
Mexico, Gulf of, 2.
Middlebury, 104.
Middlebury College, 86.
Minnesota, 2. Mississippi River, 2.
Montcalm, 13.
Montgomery, 41, 42.
Montpelier, 4, 86, 122.
Montreal, 2, 41, 94.
Morrill, Senator, 133.
N
Napoleon, SS.
New England, early settle- ments, 4; form of govern- ment, 27; favors Vermont's petition to enter Union, 57; character of people, 72; ef- fect of Embargo Act on, 90; not in favor of war of 1812, 100, 102.
New Hampshire, sells land in Vermont, 14; "Grants" transferred to New York, 19, 20; towns become part of Vermont, 59, 60, 66, 69. New Jersey, 75. New Orleans, 93.
New York, claims Vermont, 19 to 24; form of govern- ment, 28, 29; defied by Ver- mont, 32; and Vermont at beginning of Revolutionary War, 37 to 40; opposes Ver- mont's request to enter Union, 57; towns annexed to Vermont, 66; threatens to attack Vermont, 69; petitions Congress, 71, and New Jer-
sey, 75; settlement with Vermont, 76, 77. Northampton, 32. Norwich College, 104.
0
Otter Creek, 44.
P
Parliament, 50.
Pennsylvania, 75.
Phelps, Noah, 35.
Philadelphia, 56, 75, 126.
Pilgrims, 1, 14.
Pioneers, 15 to 20, 27.
Pitt, 50.
Plains of Abraham, 13.
Plattsburg, 97, 98.
Plymouth, Mass., 1, 14.
Plymouth, Vt., 124.
Poland, Luke, 133.
Proctor, 131.
Proctor, Senator, 133.
Q
Quebec, 2, 13, 42, 94.
R
Rangers, 12 to 14. Republican-Democrat party, 84. Republican party, 110. Richelieu, 55. Roads, 13, 129. Royalton, 67.
S
St. Albans, 112 to 115. St. Clair, General, 46. St. Johns, 36. St. Johnsbury, 124, 131.
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INDEX
St. Lawrence River, 13. Saratoga, 45, 54. Sedition Act, 85.
Senate, Vermont, 80 to S1. Shay, 75. Shoreham, 35. Slavery, 104, 105, 107, 108.
Smugglers' Notch, 96.
Smuggling, 95. Spanish-American War, 133. Stark, General, 51 to 54. Stark, Molly, 52. Starvation year, 102.
T
Tariff, 100. Texas, 106.
Ticonderoga, Fort, 34 to 38, 43, 46. Town meeting, 122.
U
United States, 62, 72. University of Vermont, 80, 86.
V
Valcour Island, 44. Valley Forge, 72. Vergennes, 97. Virginia, 72.
W
War of the Revolution, 30. War of 1812, 93.
Warner, reward offered for, 22; helps capture Fort Ticon- deroga, 35 to 38; commander of Green Mountain Boys, 39; at Hubbardton, 48; at Ben- nington, 51.
Washington, exchanges Ethan Allen from British, 41; writes Governor of Vermont, 69; faith of Vermonters in, 70; at Constitutional Conven- tion, 75; first President, 77; beginning of parties in Cab- inet of, 82, 83.
Webster, 108.
Wentworth, B., 14.
West, 118. West River, 9.
Westminster, 30 to 32, 58. Whig, 110.
White River, 4.
Williston, 80.
Windsor, 58, 59.
Winooski River, 4.
Wolfe, General, 13.
World War, 133.
Y
Yorkers, see New York. Yorktown, 64.
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