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M. L.
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01149 1914
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018
https://archive.org/details/historyofwashing02hawt_0
HLYesler
HISTORY OF WASHINGTON,
THE EVERGREEN STATE
FROM EARLY DAWN TO DAYLIGHT
WITH PORTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHIES
11
JULIAN HAWTHORNE
EDITOR
ASSISTED BY COL. G. DOUGLAS BREWERTON
IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. II
As rises on night's jewelled brow Some orb supremely bright, So Washington, from dawn to day, Emerges on our sight. From gloomy depths of endless pines, From privacy of snow ; Where ice-clad peaks o'erlook the vales, Where milder breezes blow ; From doubtful dawn to daylight, From savagery to state, She comes to prove the triumph Of those who watch and wait.
NEW YORK AMERICAN HISTORICAL PUBLISHING CO.
1893
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXI.
PARTITION OF WASHINGTON AND OREGON.
Opening remarks -Our point of departure-The question of territorial division -- Due to natural causes-The first Fourth of July celebration at Olympia-The impromptu meeting-Question of division agitated-First newspaper in Wash- ington established-Primary meetings-Appointment of delegates-The Monticello Convention-Memorial to Congress-Presented by General Lane- Oregon Territorial Legislature endorses it-Bill introduced in House of Rep- resentatives-Change of name passed-The Senate concurs-The President signs-The Territory of Washington established -Boundaries-Immensity and value of her territory .
17
CHAPTER XXII. 1242230
FIRST SETTLEMENT OF PUGET SOUND.
Yankee determination versus British discouragement-A Kentucky pioneer sum- mons a shrewd calculator -Prospects on Puget Sound-Selects a location- Returns with his family and friends-Settles Newmarket, afterward Tum- water-First house built-Other settlers-First baby born-Indian mistake disgusts its victim-Rough jokes-First flour-mill erected-First saw-mill -- Self-incorporated milling company -- Government contract taken -Shingle- making-A busy community-First marriage of Americans-Brick-burning -- Road-making-Attempt to settle Whidby Island-Indian scare-Patkanini advises extermination of the whites-Call a council-Failure of his plan .... 24
CHAPTER XXIII.
INAUGURATION OF THE TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT AND BIOGRAPHICAL, SKETCHES OF THE FEDERAL OFFICERS APPOINTED.
Opening remarks-Provisions of the organic law -The land office-First census -Federal appointments-School sections-Biographical sketch of Governor Stevens-His gallant ending- Secretary Mason-Eminent services-Acting Governor-Indian war policy-Attorney Clendenin-Marshal Anderson-A varied career-Chief Justice Lander-Formulates a code-Serves as aide de- camp, lieutenant-colonel, and captain of volunteers-His conflict with martial law-Forcibly arrested-Civil versus military-Habeas corpus gives way to the bayonet-Released and rearrested-Judge Chenoweth comes to his rescue -His writ of habeas corpus unnoticed-Colonel Casey in an irregular rôle-Lieuten- ant Curtis disobeys orders-Martial law suspended and Colonel Shaw arrested -Editorial comment --- Governor Stevens fined-Stevens and Jackson compared. 35
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXIV.
INAUGURATION OF THE TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT (CONTINUED).
Governor Stevens' arrival delayed by explorations en route-His instructions- Personnel of the party-Divided into three-Surveys for overland railroad- Arrival of Governor Stevens-Carrying out the Organic Act-Governor's proc- lamation-Nominations and elections-The Legislature convened-Governor Stevens' inaugural-Various suggestions-New counties made and boundaries defined-Digesting a code-General approval of the Governor's message- Many points covered-Mistakes as to Indians-Wrong impressions roughly removed-Excellent work of the first Legislature-Concluding remarks .....
59
CHAPTER XXV.
INDIAN WARS FOLLOW WHITE INJUSTICE.
Opening remarks-History repeats itself-Murder of an Indian-The perpetra- tors arrested and released-Sad miscarriage of justice-Still sadder results- The avenging war party-Indian mistake-A British subject killed-English pursuit unavailing-Attack on Whidby Island settlers-Escape of Mr. Clayton -Giving the alarm-Friendly Indians as messengers-The unarmed whites reconnoitre-Discovered and pursued-Indians kill and behead Melville and Brown-Lost houses on Whidby Island-General situation summed up- Trouble brewing with Sound tribes-Causes which led to it-Snubbing a Britisher-Indian affairs-An amusing incident-Treaty making -- Various acts of the Legislature-The Council of Walla Walla-Narrow escape of our nego- tiators-Net results-Indian treaties in general-Regulars versus volunteers- General Wool not a success-Concluding remarks ..
75
CHAPTER XXVI.
A CHAPTER OF HORRORS-THE MOUNTAIN MASSACRE.
Introductory-The love of the terrible-Many subjects from which to select- The Mountain Massacre-An inexcusable attack-Indian discrimination- Waiilatpu Mission described-Influx of French Canadian priests-The doctor's household-Joe Lewis, the traitorous halfbreed-Other visitors at the Mission -Fatal conferences-The calm before the storm-Fearful details of the mas- sacre-A carnival of blood-Doctor and Mrs. Whitman brutally killed-A night of terror-Old memories of the frontiers revived-Cowardice of the assas- sins-Unhappy Miss Bewley-Deeds of after outrage-Apathy of the British -" Sympathetic" visit of Father Brouillet-Painted Post enamored of his enforced bride-Rescue of the captives-Governor Ogden's philanthropic ac- tion-The massacre partly avenged-Five Indians executed-The buildings of the mission destroyed-Relics that remain-Who was responsible ?- Awful revelations-A Catholic bishop orders a Christian maiden to submit to a heathen's lust-Sends her with an Indian to his lodge -- A jeering priest -- Fighting for her honor-Sworn testimony of Miss Bewley-" Are you in much trouble ?"-Five hanged Indians spiritually prepared -- A terrible arraignment -Sequel of the massacre.
105
V
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXVII.
LAST LINES OF WASHINGTON'S TERRITORIAL HISTORY.
Introductory-The Rogue Rivers, Yakima, and Kliketat Indian wars-A series of murders-Bloody Point battle-Captain Wright's murder-Enos and the heart-eating squaw-Cause and effect-Whites dominated by Indians-A sen- sible Indian speech-No rotation in office-General Lane's fight with the Rogue Rivers-The robbers-A haughty chief-Leschi preaches a crusade- Proposed extermination of the whites-Indian Agent Bolen killed-Regulars worsted-Indian outbreaks in the south-The tribes unite-Puget Sound sav- ages declare war-A sudden and unexpected blow-General Wool figures as a military failure-Officials disagree-The quadrangular duel-General Scott endorses Wright's campaign-" Little Phil"-He utilizes the hostile squaws -Treaty making versus Indian extermination-Narrow escape of Smith's com- mand-Wright gives Walla Walla to savagery-Two humorous incidents- Rival religionists-The Indian question considered-The Ward massacre- Great cry and little Wool-Legislative action-Thanks to Governor Douglas- The gallant Slaughter -Kitsap versus Slaughter-Political war cries- A warm canvass-Stevens elected-A new Governor, Fayette McMullen-A guberna- torial divorce and a new Polly-The Fraser River gold excitement-After effects-General Clark succeeds Wool and opens Walla Walla for settlement- The dead pig, that nearly brought about a war with England, moves Scott to the coast and Harney to Washington-Conclusion.
135
CHAPTER XXVIII.
WASHINGTON'S ADMISSION TO STATEHOOD.
'Tis hard to realize-Grand events staled by frequency of occurrence-Previous debates on the admission of Washington to Statehood-Brent's first bill-Ob- jected to and the matter postponed-Renewed in accordance with legislative memorial-Insufficiency of population unjustly urged-Political policy defeats and delays action-Proposed annexation of a portion of Idaho to Washington -Passed by Congress, but killed by Presidential veto-Other bills-Springer's Omnibus Bill-" Sunset" Cox to the rescue-Many schemes and days of argu- ment-Cox warns the House, "You cannot hold them captive"-Bills, substi- tutes, and amendments-The Senate disagree-Committee of conference appointed-Final success and passage of the bill-Cox's lucid history of its progress and final triumph-The President signs it with an eagle's quill- Washington admitted as a State. 174
CHAPTER XXIX.
A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE COUNTIES OF WASHINGTON.
Poetically marshalled-Origin of their names-Martyrs, Indians, statesmen, explorers, and ex-governors represented-A grand stand from which to review-The order of their reception-Alphabetically mustered-Adams, Asotin, Chehalis, Clallam, Clarke, Columbia, Cowlitz, Douglas, Franklin, Gar- field, and Island. ....
. 186
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TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXX.
THE COUNTIES OF WASHINGTON CONTINUE TO PASS IN REVIEW.
Describes the following in their alphabetical order : Jefferson, King, Kitsap,
Kittitas, Klikitat, Lewis, Lincoln, Mason, Okanogan, Pacific, and Pierce .... 210
CHAPTER XXXI.
THE TWELVE LAST COUNTIES CONCLUDE THEIR REVIEW.
Poetical opening-Descriptions of San Juan, Skagit, Skamania, Snohomish, Spo- kane. Stevens, Thurston, Wahkiakum, Walla Walla, Whatcom, Whitman, and Yakima Counties. 232
CHAPTER XXXII.
CLIMATE AND NATURAL BEAUTIES OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON.
Diversity and duality of climate-The Cascades the dividing line-The Chinook wind-Mountains weather breeders and barometers-Benign influence of the Chinook in the stock region-A graphic description-Agricultural advantages -A good region to invest-Cattle and stock-raising-Timber-Fisheries- Minerals-Gems-Natural beauties-Mount Tacoma- Why called Rainier- Under which flag ?- Giants and generic features of the Cascades-Mount Ta- coma poetically described-Ascents to its summit-Miss Fay Fuller's feat- Spokane Falls-The Niagara of the West. 250
CHAPTER XXXIII.
TWO CITIES OF WASHINGTON-OLYMPIA, " THE CAPITAL CITY," AND SEATTLE, "THIE QUEEN CITY."
Ancient cities of refuge-A comparison-Washington welcomes all-The capital city-Its situation-Natural advantages-Festive clams and philosophical bivalves-The oldest town-Surroundings of Olympia-Facilities of transpor- tation-Lumber cut-Water power-Undeveloped resources-Historic memo- rics-First celebration of the national birthday-Patriotism revived-Move- -- ment to divide Oregon Territory -- Seattle, the Queen City-Location and general description-Named for an Indian chief-Lakes Union and Washing -- ton -- " The big and little water"-Coal, lumber, and shipping -- A beautiful metropolis -- The Indians besiege Seattle-Threatenings of danger -- United States sailors and marines landed -- Preparations for defence-The spy-A friendly chief-A surprise prevented-The Decatur's shells astonish and dis- courage the foe -- Particulars of the fight -- The savages retreat -- The lynchings of Howard, Sullivan and Payne -- Assassination followed by swift retribu- tion-The anti-Chinese agitation causes many meetings -- Attempt to evict the Mongolians -- Federal aid invoked-A bloody conflict -- Peace restored-Futile prosecutions-Seattle's great fire-The conflagration described-Sympathy of Tacoma and other cities of the Sound-Great loss, but good results -- A grander city rises from the ashes of the old -- The situation poetically portrayed ....... 281
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXXIV.
EARLY SETTLERS OF WESTERN WASHINGTON FIND WIVES AMONG THE MAIDENS OF MASSACHUSETTS AND THE EMPIRE STATE.
Mercer's cargo of girls-He brings out thirty " schoolma'ams"-His scheme to furnish wives for the Northwest-Ancient precedents-He bankrupts himself in so doing-Their present status-The wives and mothers of to-day-Dearth of women on Puget Sound-He forms a plan-Attempt to interest Presi- dent Lincoln cut short by his assassination-Governor Andrews of Massa- chusetts endorses it-Edward Everett Hale gives it his hearty approval-" Re- plenish the earth and subdue it"-Andrew Johnson interviewed without suc- cess-Grant cordially commends it-Gives orders for a steamer-Mercer secures his cargo-Meigs declines to honor Grant's order-Stanton favors, but will not interfere-The steamer Continental purchased for a nominal sum-Ben Holli- day buys it -- Contracts to take out five hundred girls, but goes back on his promise-The New York papers decry the scheme-William Cullen Bryant comes to the rescue-Peter Cooper offers aid-The party, reduced to three hundred maidens, sets sail-Incidents of the voyage-Arrival at San Francisco -A tremendous reception-Big-hearted Wygant-Difficulties overcome and arrival at Seattle-A grand ovation-Homes for all, and a frontier welcome -A pioneer gathering-An old preacher offers to take six-All married but one within six months-Many of them the happy wives and mothers of to-day -Cupid shoots arrows among the pines of Puget Sound-A supposed request at a latter day elicits many replies.
322
CHAPTER XXXV.
" SPOKANE THE WONDERFUL"-THE "GEM OF THE VALLEY OF WATERS."
Rapid growth of American cities-Difficult to describe-Spokane's discouraging beginnings-General Sherman's mistake-From hamlet to city-Then and now -Miners frozen out-Growth stayed, but only improved by fire-Spokane rises from her ashes-A more beautiful city-Major Routhe's description of the rise and progress of Spokane-Good grounds for favorable auguries-Rapid increase of population-Natural advantages-Wheat, timber, mines and grazing grounds-Various industries-Statistical evidence-The exposition souvenir- Spokane a city of homes-Public improvements-Fire department-Water sup- ply and reserve-Climate-Spokane's opera house-The press-Natural water power-Its immensity, capability and possibility of increase-Practically in- exhaustible-Estimation of its money value-Beauty of the falls-A gem magnificently set-Surroundings of Spokane-General Wool's folly-Final words of eulogy 339
CHAPTER XXXVI.
THE GLACIERS OF MOUNT TACOMA-THEIR WONDERFUL EXTENT-ITS NAME AND ORIGIN.
Poetical description-Mr. Plummer on Mount Tacoma-A learned authority- General ignorance in regard to the mountain-A geological catastrophe-Vol- canic peaks-Silent yet inwardly active-Vancouver remembers Regnier-
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
British friendship-An unpatriotic designation-Judge Wickersham's opinion -The Tacoma Academy of Science decides-Other scientific bodies endorse its view-Its wonderful glacial system-Two hundred cubic miles of mountain- Mont Blanc and the Mer-de-Glace cannot compare with Mount Tacoma-The drainage of their crystal goblets-Rivers that they feed-Beauties of Paradise Park-Description stands dumb-A carpet of flowers-Magnificence of its background-Mr. Plummer's contour map of the glaciers-A poetical defence of the Indian name-Let us call it Mount Tacoma.
359
CHAPTER XXXVII.
"TACOMA, THE "CITY OF DESTINY."
Poetic greeting-First settlement-The first mill-General McCarver-Incidents of his eventful career-A curious coincidence-His selection of the site of Taco- ma-Its name, derivation and how given-The travel and its difficulties in the past-Eventful voyage of Mrs. McCarver-Death of General McCarver-A tribute to his widow -- The Indians' affidavit to the name-Rough map of old time Commencement Bay-Mount Tacoma versus Rainier-Tacoma engaged to the Northern Pacific-The groom expectant gets into difficulties-The match postponed-Final wedding of Tacoma to the railroad-Tacoma's stock looking up-The boom and its incidents-Its collapse-No value and high prices versus real value and poor demand-Mistakes, but real gains and natural ad- vantages of the " City of Destiny" summed up. 366
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
EXPULSION OF THE CHINESE FROM TACOMA.
A remarkable episode in the history of Tacoma-Graphic account of the Chinese expulsion as recorded in the Tacoma Ledger-Reasons for their exodus- Nothing like persuasion-Location of Chinese nests in Tacoma-The anti- Chinese movement-Many meetings-Resolutions-The committee of fifteen- The mayor's letter-The Chinese warned to leave-Midnight messengers- The fire whistle gives the alarm-The people gather-The Chinese gathered also-Herded and deported, but well fed-Burning of the shacks-Water that won't run down hill-The arrest of the twenty-seven-Arrival of United States troops-A peaceful campaign-The active participants imprisoned, but fêted-Serenaded in Portland-They give bonds-Many indictments, but no trials-All's well that ends well. 397
CHAPTER XXXIX.
SOME LESSER CITIES OF WASHINGTON AND TOWNS THAT SOON MAY BE.
Poetical introduction-Impossible to particularize-It would be invidious to select-A lengthy list of places-Alphabetically arranged, but described in no special order-All thriving-Brief notices of Waitsburg, Pomeroy, Fidalgo, Ilwaco, Montesano, Colfax, Pullman, Farmington, Garfield, Fairfield, Col- ville, Pasco, North Yakima, Ellensburg, Sprague, Ritzville, Whatcom, Gold- cndale, Starbuck, Dayton, Walla Walla, Orting, Kettle Falls, Rosalia, Tekoa, Rockford, Puyallup, Ocosta, Aberdeen, Anacortes, Bay Centre, Buckley, Cle-
!
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Elum, Colton, Dixie, Elberton, Latah, Mount Vernon, Oaksdale, Pataha, Roslyn, South Bend, Stanley, Wenatchee and Waverly-Last, but not least, Snohomish. 408
CHAPTER XL.
THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD-ITS INCEPTION, BIRTH, DIFFICULTIES, PROG- RESS, FINANCIAL STRAITS, NATURAL OBSTACLES AND FINAL SUCCESSFUL COMPLE- TION.
Poetic introduction paraphrased in prose-The author's prediction in 1852 now fully fulfilled-His prophecy quoted in full-A far seeing "crank"- What the Northern Pacific has accomplished-New regions opened and their resources developed-Its vast extent-Its prophets, Parker, Barlow, Clarke and Whitney-Whitney's railroad scheme-His proposition to government- Lost by a vote-Initial surveys -- Stevens and Mcclellan-Legislative action- Financial straits-Many changes-Jay Cooke's failure-Various Presidents- Villard and Oakes to the front-Light at last-Great success of Villard's ad- ministration-Road completed-Its bridal rites and ceremonies-The wedding of the rails-Fair rivals for its Western terminus-Kalama becomes " Kalam- ity"-Tacoma carries off the prize-A financial shadow-Graphic description -Final Words-" All's well that ends well"-A suggestion to the officers of the Northern Pacific. 421
CHAPTER XLI.
A TRIBUTE TO THE OLD PIONEERS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON.
Introductory-The author himself an old pioneer of California-In memoriam- Their lives no easy ones-Building better than they knew-Their wealth of character-Like makes like-Blood will tell-The Almighty's choice stock- Where Britain failed-Mongrel versus thoroughbred-The class of men who peopled Washington Territory-Americans, not foreigners-Sherman's indis- creet speech-" Coals to Newcastle"-Daniel Boone duplicated-Spokane almost becomes an Indian reservation-Where and why the regulars failed to protect settlers-A tribute to the gallantry of the United States troops-Two old grannies at the wheel-The people of Washington law-abiding-No gold- gambling inducements to settle in Washington-We eulogize the old pioneers, their daughters and their wives-A pertinent suggestion. 441
CHAPTER XLII.
TO CONCLUDE THE HISTORY OF WASHINGTON TERRITORY.
Words of poetical farewell-Opening remarks-Puget Sound for a final sub- ject-Where is Puget Sound ?- Its beneficent relations to the progress and well-being of western Washington-Situated where it does the most good- Characteristic features-A dreamland journey from Cape Flattery to Olympia via Port Townsend, Whidby Island, Seattle and Tacoma-Sunrise upon the legislative halls of Washington-A type of future greatness-Farewell ........ 452
X
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XLIII.
THE STATEHOOD OF WASHINGTON.
Foctical introduction-Washington compared to an heir coming of age-New duties-Takes account of estate-Wealth classified : agricultural, mineral, timbering, and fisheries -- Many subdivisions-Population and its increase -- In- vestment in educational matters-The public schools and how maintained- Number of pupils-Other seminaries-School sections-Agricultural lands : their area, situation and quality-Artificial irrigation-Hops, stock-raising- Coal, its discovery, location and production-Mining and minerals-Supply of timber-Output of lumber and shingles-Number of mills-Sea-food-The salmon catch-Details and value of the fisheries-Sturgeon, shad, carp and Columbia smelt-The oyster trade-Commerce-Ships cleared and entered- -Transportation-Miles of railroad-Wealth of State-Climate and vital statistics-Indians and Indian reservations-A " home-made" history-" Some Statistics" done in verse-State officials, past and present-Political matters -The Chilian excitement-Defenceless condition of Puget Sound-British precautions-Things neglected that should be attended to -- War an evil guest, but sometimes properly entertained ..
461
CHAPTER XLIV.
TRACES WASHINGTON'S POLITICAL CHANGES AND PROGRESS AS A STATE.
Party strife in America ends at the polls-The peaceful disbandment after the Civil War-A wonder to foreigners-Influence of American education, 1888- Washington's congressional representative-A change-Figures of the election -Allen seated-Former territorial elections-A close vote -- Status of the legis- lature-Federal officers, 1889-The first State election-Ferry for governor- Official returns of the vote-Inauguration of State officers-Allen and Squire chosen senators, Wilson, representative-Population and proportionate wealtlı, 1890-A biennial State election, 1891-Federal office-holders preparing for the World's Fair-State commission appointed by the President-Lady managers -Appropriation by the State Legislature-Personnel of the State commission -Plans of the commission -The State Fair building-Plans advertised for- Skelling's finally accepted-The building described-A great success-Finan- cial condition of the State-The Presidential election, 1892-Squire returned to the United States Senate-A kind word for Calkins-The vote on joint bal- lot-Governor McGraw elected-Futile attempt to choose a senator-One hundred and seven ballots taken without result-The Governor appoints Allen to succeed himself-Washington's wealth-Loyal Legion-The National Guard and militia-Population and how divided .. 492
CHAPTER XLV.
THE NATIONAL GUARD OF WASHINGTON-ITS GROWTH, COMPOSITION AND SERVICES.
Thanks to Gencral O'Brien-The Adjutant-General's report-First organization of the guard-Tacoma Guards-Captain Haines's company -- Futile attempt to obtain legislation-A second failure-Services in the Chinese. riot at Seattle-
xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Official recognition at last-Duties and necessities of the State National Guard-The national militia-Its inception in 1792-A quaint and venerable document-Efforts to improve its provisions-Presidential and Congressional action-Scott and Taylor's recommendation-Too many liable -- A selection preferred-Gravitating toward volunteer and uniformed companies-Ridicule kills " general trainings"-Not " carpet knights" -- Good and gallant service of the guard-Five instances-Efficiency of the adjutant-general-A small salary for large labor-Pay that rivals a regular lieutenant's-Organization and numbers of the guard -- The militia but a background to its drill and dis- cipline-Delusive figures and an apt comparison.
501
CHAPTER XLVI.
A PASSING CLOUD-FINANCIAL STORMS THAT FOR A MOMENT OVERSHADOW WASHINGTON.
The darkest hour precedes the dawn-Overpraise avoided-Pessimistic views equally undesirable-The middle path-A shadow not to be ignored -- Financial difficulties-Speculation and overtrading not responsible-Now and then- A paradoxical market -- Fictitious value finds ready sale-Real worth, but a dull demand-The real estate boom-" Tenderfeet" tenderly treated-Quick-made millionaires-From poverty to affluence-Metliod in madness-" Land poor" -Taxes and assessments-Premature improvements-Property-holders' anx- ieties-Was there a ring ?- Financial disorder admitted-Many doctors, but no sure remedy-Congress to be the cure-all-The author not called to decide- One cause-Panic-Fear kills where cholera fails-The world's too sensitive exchanges-Present loss but ultimate gain-Pertinent similes-If the worst, what then ?- Washington invincible-Many sources of wealth-Patient courage waits for and finally ushers in a brighter and more beneficent morning ........ 506
CHAPTER XLVII.
In conclusion.
512
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
Allyn, Frank.
313
Arthur, Jesse 253
Arthur, John.
325 Ashton, James M. 247
Austin, R. L. 405
Bagley, H. B. 349
Baker, John S. 271 Belknap, W. C. 253
Blalock, N. G .. 25 Bories, Emil. 289
Bowen, William J 425
Boyle, R. L.
395
Bradley, Cyrus 307
Brewer, J. F. 121
Brickell, E. J
133
Brown, Charlotte. 475
Brown, George H. 465
Burns, Cyrus R 211
Callow, A. L.
175
Campbell, F. 265
Cannon, A. M. 37
Carroll, Thomas 127
Chambers, W. M. 175
Churchill, F. A. 121
Clark, I. A. 43
Cochran, Jesse F. 217
Collins, John. 49
Coplen, B. F. 385 Cowley, H. T. 187
Deckebach, F. G. 455
Dennis, G. B. 301
Denny, John B. 217
xiv
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
Denny, D. Thomas
217
Downing, C. O.
253
Drumheller, D. M.
55
Easterbrook, George T.
145
Easterbrook, Hannah L
145
Edsen, Eduard P.
259
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