USA > California > Nevada County > Bean's history and directory of Nevada County, California. Containing a complete history of the county, with sketches of the various towns and mining camps also, full statistics of mining and all other industrial resources > Part 28
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Mo sheimer's Furnace .- It is proper to state in this connection that Mr. Joseph Mosheimer, of San Francisco, a well known metallurgist, has introduced a form of reverberatory furnace for preparing ores for the Plattner chlorination in which the charge of ore is distributed on ten or more shelves, or tile terraces, set in the upright shaft over the furnace, one fourth only (500 pounds) of the charge being on the hearth or sole of the furnace at one time, for five or six hours ; the portion on the shelves being meantime exposed to a constantly diminishing heat to the top one, over which is a hopper containing the amount of one charge. When the ore on the hearth is finished and withdrawn, its place is supplied by those portions next the fire which are already partly desulphurized. The advantages claimed for this furnace are a more perfect roasting, as a stoker can rake five or six hundred pounds more faithfully than he can a ton ; while there is less risk of fusing the oro by exposing it raw to a high temperature, and also that the work is accomplished with an important saving of fuel., This furnace is about to be tried on a consider- able scale (six tons daily) on the arsenical ores of Kern river.
Mr. Edward Kent's method of salt roasting, for gold and silver ores, also deserves mention in this connection. The ground ore, which should not contain over twenty or twenty-five per cent. of sulphurets, is mingled with three per cent. of common salt and made into bricks of the ordinary size, without the addition of clay or any other substance than salt. When air-dried, these are calcined in a kiln fired by wood, very moderately, the combustion of the sulphur in presence of air and salt carrying the bricks up to a dull red heat, the end of the operation being known when this color ceases. These bricks, in the few trials I have made, I find to be perfectly desulphurized, and not vitrified. They can be amalgamated by any of the usual forms of amalgamating apparatus, or they can be treated by chlorine. In the latter case they would require to be run through rolls like a Cornish crusher or sugar mill, but they do not require grinding. This process has worked well with me in a small way-is economical and easily managed, and deserves a trial on a large scale.
MAIN AND MILL STREETS, GRASS VALLEY ? B. GAD.
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Conclusion-Its Future .- The unexplored ground in the Eureka mine, above the 400-feet level is as great in extent west as the portion already explored, and there is good reason to believe that it will be found productive throughout a large part of its extent. In depth, we really know nothing beyond the level of four hundred feet ; but in view of the magnitude of the fissure between the two outer walls of serpentine and slates and the combination of all the essential features of a perma- nent vein, there are reasons of the most substantial character for expecting this vein to hold in depth to any extent to which we may be able to follow it.
The North Star Mine.
This mine is situated on Lafayette Hill, and the company also own locations on Weimar Hill, adjoining and south of the former. The North Star vein has an east and west course, with a dip of about twenty-three degrees to the north. This is, beyond doubt, one of the most valuable mines in Grass Valley, or in California. It has been worked since 1851, with the usual ups and downs of early quartz enter- prises, first by a party of Frenchmen, as the " Helvetia and Lafayette Company." It changed hands in 1855, and again in 1857 was purchased under a forced sale for the nominal sum of $15,000, at which time it passed into the hands of the present company, and its style was changed to the name it now bears, the "North Star Company." Under the present management, the mine has been developed in the most skillful manner, and offers a case quite too rare in American mining, of a mine with vast reserves of ore opened up and standing ready for extraction. The amount of these reserves is believed to be not less than thirty thousand tons, worth in the aggregate probably $900,000. This mine is opened by an incline shaft sunk on the course of the vein to a depth of nearly seven hundred feet, which is about two hundred and seventy feet vertical. It is opened by seven levels, and the vein varies in thickness from a few inches to four or five feet, with an average of about two feet. The explorations in the fifth level extend about seven hundred feet east of the shaft, the pay rock extending as far as explorations have gone. The total known extent of the pay has already been stated to be about one thousand feet. The lower level has been driven about five hundred and fifty feet east of the shaft ; above the three lower levels the ground is virgin to surface, and but little has been extracted from the two next the bottom. The ore is raised by tram wagons on the incline, with a wire rope. The vein is enclosed in greenstone. A new vertical hoisting and ventilation shaft has been sunk eight hundred feet east of the incline, by aid of which the mine can be exposed at points now completely virgin, and which it is believed may be as valuable as any ground yet opened. This shaft was set to cut the mine on the level of the fourth gallery. The shoots of ore in this ground have an easterly pitch. The ore has had a gradually increasing tenor of gold, from about $20 in the upper levels to about $40 in the lower. It is the policy of the excellent administration of this mine to keep the works of exploration well in ad- vance and to hold great reserves of ore. With this view, the incline shaft is sinking for another level, while the vertical shaft just named explores a portion of the mine hitherto unknown. The company own twenty-one hundred feet upon the course of the lode. It is encouraging to find a mine thus worked with an eye to the future, while at the same time the owners have drawn ample returns from its cur- rent crushings. Since 1861, the date of the present well earned prosperity of this mine, the net returns for four years were, in round numbers, $500,000, about one-
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fourth of which was expended in permanent improvements on the property, of which the drain tunnel, half a mile long, was the most considerable item, and a new mill of sixteen stamps, new hoisting and pumping works. About $375,000 of the net savings were returned to the owners in dividends, and tlris considerable sum was obtained from the use of a mill of only six stamps, during 1862-63, and subsequently enlarged to nine stamps. The returns for the year 1866 were $315,000, derived from the crushing of six thousand tons of ore. The ores of this mine are considerably sulphuretted, but the value of the sulphurets in gold is understood to be much less than in the Eureka mine. The North Star possesses no chlorination works, but dress their tailings by hand rockers for sale. The ores show free gold, often in very fine masses, implanted in beautiful quartz, which resembles that of the Rocky Bar and Massachusetts Hill.
The present mill, of sixteen stamps, erected in 1866, has a capacity of crushing about two tons to the stamp daily. The amalgamation employed is the usual Grass Valley system, already described. Every thing about this mine speaks of economy, thrift and the wise management of resident owners, all of whom take an active part in the management, thus reducing the cost of superintendence and ensuring success. For a long time the active superintendent was Mr. W. H. Rodda, now of the Norambagua ; its administrator at present is Mr. Edward Coleman.
The water in this mine is very light, a supply for the use of the amalgamation works being derived from a neighboring ditch company. This circumstance, as well as the low angle of the dip of the vein, favors very greatly the economy of development of the North Star to a great depth.
Allison Ranch Mine.
This mine, the situation of which, on the west side of Wolf Creek, about three miles below the town of Grass Valley, has already been alluded to, has obtained probably a more wide-spread fame than any other gold mine in California. The vein was discovered in 1851, by one of the present owners, in the bed of the creek, while washing for gold. The quartz was so rich in gold near the surface that it furnished all the means required to fully explore the mine and erect the mill. The first crushing-about one and a half tons-is said to have yielded $375 per ton, and the upper portion of the vein was undoubtedly extremely rich. The records of the Gold Hill mill show that in 1855 one lot of eighteen tons of ore from this mine yielded over $333 per ton, and another lot of sixty-two tons yielded over $370 per ton. It is, however, worthy of remark that this vein runs in the valley of Wolf Creek, and has been subject to the same degradation which has cut away the valley, so that the actual surface was very much below the original surface, as it is now seen in the hill south of the mine, on what is called the " southern ex- tension." It is also true that this mine has again and again encountered rich bodies of orc with poorer ground between, yielding at times over $100 per ton and again hardly paying expenses. On the whole, it is in proof, from a careful exami- nation of the records of the mine, that the yield has averaged about $50 per ton. The gross yield of the mine since 1855 has been, in round numbers, $2,300,000, of which one million was produced in the three years ending with 1865. In the year 1866 the product was under $200,000. It has always been a costly mine to work, partly because at times the vein was small and the enclosing syenite hard, but quite as much, perhaps, from injudicious management in not keeping the work of explorations well in advance of the immediate wants of the mine. It is generally
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understood that there has been a want of systematic exploration. The mine was idle from flooding with water from December, 1861, to May, 1862, and it has been idle again from January, 1867, to the present time-May, 1867. It is a wet mine, and is provided with powerful pumping machinery. The current expenses of the mine in 1865 were stated at $500 per day, the force of men employed averaging, since 1856, one hundred and fifty.
This mine is opened to a depth of over five hundred feet, and the vein in the lower level is said to be of good size and productive. The present suspension of work in the mine is understood to have been due to a want of good understanding among the owners, and that work is to be resumed at an early day.
The mill on this mine is of the old Cornish model, twelve heavy stamps, (1,000 fbs) square heads with wooden lifters, crushing about thirty tons of ore daily. The blanket system of treatment has been followed, and that the saving of gold was nct very good may be inferred from the fact that the mill has been profitably engaged in working over the accumulated mass of tailings, since the suspension of work in the mine. When work is resumed it is understood that an improved method of treatment will be adopted.
There is a large amount of unexplored ground in the Allison Ranch mine. It for a long time deserved the reputation of being the richest gold mine in Califor- nia, but there are now several others which have won for themselves the distinction ofexcelling it in product of bullion ; but it is believed that a judicious and energetic development may cause it to challenge again its former fame.
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SULPHURET REDUCTION WORKS.
Quite a number of establishments have been erected in Grass Valley township for the reduction of sulphurets by the chlorinizing process. The most extensive as well as most successful of these are the Metallugical Works of Hill & Farnham, erected in 1862, and situated a quarter of a mile east of town. This was the first establishment of the kind erected in the township, and situated convenient to the best mines, and the owners being energetic business men, they have built up a large and profitable business. Since the works were started they have reduced 1,250 tons of sulphurets, mostly from the North Star and Rocky Bar mines. The North Star sulphurets have yielded an average of $95 a ton, and the Rocky Bar about $80. The last worked from the North Star, in May, 1867, yielded $156 a ton. The capacity of the establishment for reducing sulphurets is about one ton a day, being the largest of the kind in the county, except that of Maltman, near Nevada. The ordinary charge for working sulphurets is forty dollars a ton, which affords a fair profit. The owners are adding to their facilities for working, and increasing the capacity of their establishment as fast as required by increasing bus- iness, and at the same time are constantly improving the method of working.
The sulphuret works of Pettijean, situated about a mile from Allison Ranch, were erected in 1864. A man named George erected sulphuret works half a mile east of town, on the Nevada road, in 1865, but they were destroyed by fire the same year. The site was purchased by Aaron Burr, who put up another establishment at the beginning of the present year. '
The reduction works of Robert Cash, a mile and a half northeast of town, on the Union Hill road, were built in 1866, at a cost of some $3,000. He had been at con- siderable expense in experimenting with refractory ores, and studying the best processes of reduction ; but his establishment was destroyed by fire on the 9th of May, 1867.
In 1866, the Eureka Company put up works designed more especially for the re duction of the sulphurets from their own mine. These-were erected under the supervision of G. F. Dectken, to whom, more than any other one man, is due the success that has been attained in the reduction of sulphurets by chlorinizing. The sulphurets obtained while working near the surface of the Eureka mine were treated successfully at the establishments of Maltman and of Hill & Farnham; but as a greater depth was reached in the mine, the nature of the sulphurets changed, and they proved more refractory than usual, though carrying a larger amount of gold than those from nearer the surface. The company then secured the services of Mr. Deetken, who, by patient and laborious experiments, has at length succeeded in working the sulphurets up to within five or six per cent. of the fire assay.
IRON FOUNDRIES.
There are two iron foundries in Grass Valley, both of which are carrying on an extensive and profitable business, in manufacturing castings for quartz mills, amal- gamating pans, etc. The Mill Street Foundry is owned by M. C. Taylor, and was erected in 1862. The establishment was destroyed by an incendiary fire in 1865, but rebuilt the same year. The work turned out by this foundry in the year 1866, amounted to $69,000, and twenty-two men are employed.
The Grass Valley Foundry is owned by J. M. Laknan, and was built in 1865. The establishment turned out about $40,,000 worth of work in 1866, and employs fifteen men.
BOYS SUITS, AND UNDER-CLOTHING, ALL SIZES, AT B. GAD'S.
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For the Year commencing January 1st, 1867.
ABBREVIATIONS:
ag't
Agent.
Rest Restaurant.
Boards. S .South. bds
.Side. cor,
E
East.
ist .Street.
m
Mine.
ยก sup't Superintendent.
N
.North.
U .. Union.
res
Residence. :
West.
Abbey George, Pleasant street ADAMS, MONEIL & CO. grocers, Main st Ahearn David, drifter, Allison Ranch Ahearn J. M. b'd'ng house, Allison Ranch Ahern William, drifter, Allison Ranch ALDERSEY ELLEN, school teacher, res and school near Gold Hill mill
Aldersey John, miner, near Gokl Hill mill Aldersey R. miner, near Gold Hill mill Alford Samuel, miner, Norambagua mine Allen Edward, carpenter for Empire Co., bds International Hotel
Allen E. miner, bds International Hotel Allen Elijah.
Allen John, brakeman, Lucky mine
Allen John, res Main street
Allen Michael, miner, bds Wisconsin Hotl Allen Robert, res Sebastopol Hill
ANDERSON G. W., Main Street Bakery Anderson John, engineer, New York Hill Anderson L. carpenter, Eureka Hill
Andrew Jas., miner, Massachusetts Hill Andrews Henry, laborer, Ophir Hill road Andrews Thomas, miner, Wisconsin mine Andrews William, res Anburn street Andrews W. J. painter, res N Auburn st Anduran Charles, miner, Howard Hill Angly Jerry, drifter, Allison Ranch Angore John, miner, Norambagua mine Angove John, miner, Eureka mine
Angove Thomas, miner, Eureka mine Angove W. miner, Boston Ravine Arnold L. carpenter, Union Hill Argoll William, miner, French Lead Arrangton Arthur, miner, Scadden Flat Arthur Richard, miner, Lucky mine Ashton E. Ashton William,
Asken James, teamster, Boston Ravine
Atchison L. E. metallurgist, with Empire Company, res Ophir Hill
Atkinson II. L. barkeeper, Fashion saloon Atkinson T. J. laborer, Church street Atwell Thomas, teamster, Ophir Hill AUMER & CO., butchers, Allison Ranch Ammer Frank, (of A. & Co.) Allison Ranch Autory William, Race street
Authur Francis, blacksmith, Scadden Flat Authur Henry, miner, French lead Authur W. Carman, Union Hill
Axford Saml, miner, Norambagua mine
B
Babbitt H. F. match factory, E Main st Baggs Isaac, lawyer, office Mill street Bailey John, miner, French lead
Bailey Thomas, miner, French lead Bailey Wm. H. of Inkerman mine, res Grass Valley
Baine George, miner, Colfax road Bales Chas. S. clerk at Loutzenheiser's Ball Erastus, laborer, Sutton's ranch Baldwin T. L. miner, near Glenbrook Prk BARE E. J. millwright and contractor, Church street
Barclay Frank, miner, Eureka mine Barker D. M. ranchman, Wolf creek Barlow A. S. sawyer, G V lumber yard Barnat G. miner, Lucky mine Barnat R. miner, Lucky mine
Barnet James, miner, Lucky mine Barney P. T. carpenter, Union Hill Barrett Wm. miner, Norambagua mine Barrett Alfred E. saloon, Boston Ravine Bartle William, miner, Union Hill Bartle Wm. F. miner, Gold Hill Barry John, miner, Allison Ranch
E2
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GRASS VALLEY TOWNSHIP DIRECTORY.
Barry Richard, drifter, Allison Ranch Barry Thomas, miner, Union Hill Burrill Z.
Bastin Richard, miner, French lead Bastin Thomas, miner, French lead Bashton Henry, miner, French lead Bath A. L. wagon maker, res Richard's st Bayne George, Colfax road
Bays James, ranchman, Bays's ranch Bays Washington, at Bays's ranch
Beadle W. H. blacksmith, Union Hill m Beal Wm. machinist, Boston Ravine
Beaman A. F. express wagon, res Rich- ardson street
Beaman G. W. engineer with Empire Co, res Richardson st
Beath J. M. foreman with Empire Com- pany, Ophir Hill
BEATTY FRANK G. clerk at Findley & Co's bank
Beatty Find. amalgamator, U Hill mine Beatty M. T. amalgamator, U Hill mine Beatty N. H. amalgamator, U Hill mine Bee Wm. foundryman, G V foundry Beetle W. miner, Union Hill Company Beckus Jacques, miner, Union Hill BEHRISCH CHAS. saloon, Boston Rav Belding O. millwight, Empire Co's works Belisle P. broom maker, Boston Ravine Beleman Henry, Bledsoe street Bell John, store, res Forest Springs Kell William, Main street
BENDER J. C. painter, res on Nevada and Grass Valley road.
Benoit S. wood ranch, Allison Ranch Bennallack James, miner, Gold Hill, res Boston Ravine
Bennett Gilbert L. clerk with J. Bennett & Co., res Bennett street
BENNETT J. & CO. hardware, corner Main and Auburn streets
BENNETT JOHN, (of J. B. & Co.) res on Bennett street
Bennett John T. (of J. B. & Co.) res on Bennett street
Bennett William, orchardist, Bennett's orchard.
Bennett Joseph, Neal street
Bennet George, miner, Gold Hill Flat Bennett John, miner, Eureka mine Bennett Thomas, miner, Eureka mine Bennett Thomas, miner, Grass Valley Bensley Thomas, miner, French lead Benney Richard, miner, French lead Benny James, miner, Norambagua mine Benson Henry, Maiden Lane
Bergan M. P. miner, Lower Mill street Bergan M. J. res Mill street
Berriman Nich. engineer, Grass Valley Berriman R. engineer, Houston Hill mine Berriman T. H. engineer, Houston Hill m Berry William, ranchman, Berry's ranch
Berry Z. brickmaker, Empire street Bertrand A. concentrator, Eureka mine Besanka James, miner, Lucky mine Bettis John, jr. miner, Richardson street Bettis William, architect, Richardson st Bice N. res Main street
Bigelow Wm. miner, Norambagua mine Biggs William, orchardist, res corner of
Grass Valley st and Lincoln avenue Billsboro Richard, wood turner, at Grass Valley lumber yard
BINKLEMAN & CO. Grass Valley Brew- ery, N Auburn street
Binkleman D. (of B. & Co.) N Auburn st Bishop James, miner, Lucky mine
Bivian John, blacksmith, New York Hill Bixlar F. plasterer, Auburn street
Bixlar Marion F. plasterer, N Auburn st Blackford J. Main street
Blake Edward, drifter, Allison Ranch Blake Frank, fireman, Allison Ranch Blake P. miner, Colfax road Blanc Hugh, Union Hill
Blanks & Miller, physicians,
Blanks J. P. (of B. & Miller,) bds Neal st Blaze A. B. laborer, bds at McNeil's Bledsoe John B. tailor, Mill st, res Bank st Blewett Joseph, miner, Union Hill Blight James, miner, Norambagua mine Bluett Henry, miner, Eureka mine Blundell Levi J. teamster, Hillsburg Boase Thomas, miner, New York Hill, res Gold Hill
Boden Thomas, engineer with Empire Co Bogan Owen, miner, Cambridge mine Boile C. miner, Lucky mine Bolan James, grocer, Main street Bolitho Sampson, miner, Lucky mine Bolton Alfred, laborer, Auburn street Banataux X. ranchman, four miles east of Grass Valley
Bonney Alexander, saloon, Boston Ravine Boston W. W. machinist, N side Main st Bosworth S. D. miner, Lower Mill street Bovey William, miner, Eureka mine Bowe Richard, molder, Taylor's foundry Bowden J. blacksmith, Norambagua mine Bowden Joseph, miner, Eureka mine Bowden Thomas, Boston Flat Bowden William, miner, Boston Flat Bowen John, miner, Eureka mine Bowen James, miner, Eureka mine Boyle C. saloon, S Mill street Boyle C. laborer, Taylor's foundry Bracelan D. miner, Empire Company BRADY A. B. sup't Rocky Bar Company, res Boston Ravine
Brady Charles, drifter, Allison Ranch Bradley John T. miner, S Auburn street Bradley Frank, miner, Allison Ranch Branch Edwin, miner, Scadden Flat Brannel James, miner, Gold Hill
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Brass John, tinsmith with Peter Johnston BRAUN JUSTIN, brewer, BostonRavine Bree John, Richardson street Bree William, Main street
Breslin C. brickmaker, Empire street Breslin D. miner, Ophir Hill, res Boston Ravine
Breslin Cornelius, laborer, Allison Ranch Breslin Dennis, blacksmith's helper, res Boston Ravine
Briarty P. Mill street
Brittingham Wm, laborer, lone road Brittingham W. T. laborer, Allison Ranch Broek P. miner, Empire Company Broderick B. miner, Burdett mine Brogan John, cabinet maker, at Pope's BROGAN P. J. merchant & hotel keeper, Forest Springs
Brogan T. C. clerk at P. J. Brogan's BROOKS S. L. stone mason, Boston Rav Brooks Thomas, engineer, Scadden Flat Browe John, steward, Pacific Hotel Brown B. F. dentist, office at Dr. Kibby's, bds Exchange Hotel
Brown Edward, miner, bds Union Rest Brown J. A. miner, near Lone JJack shop Brown J. miner, Empire Company Brown John, miner, Empire Company Brown John, miner, Allison Ranch Brown Josiah, miner, Kate Hays Hill Brown Patrick, miner, S Mill street Brown Samuel, miner, Lucky mine Brown William, miner, Eureka mine Brown William, miner, S Auburn street Brown W. miner, Eureka mine, res Kate Hays Hill
Brown W. S. machinist, Taylor's foundry Brosmer Jas. miner, bds Western Hotel Brule W. miner, French lead, res Lower Mill street
Bruff' James, east side Wolf creek BRUNEMAN E. A., Harmonie Saloon BRUNSTETTER PETER, proprietor o.'
Grass Valley lumber yard and plan- ing mill
Bryan John, carpenter, Hillsburg Bryan J. A. engincer, Enreka mine Bryant W. H. engineer, New York Hill Bryant W. M. miner, E side Wolf creek Brydon R. miner, Little Wolf creek Bucher George, miner, Forest Springs Bucher John, carpenter, Bean street Bucket Thos. miner, Norambagua mine Buckley Ephraim, shoemaker, Auburn st Buckley Ed. shoveler, Allison Ranch Buckley Michael, miner, Allison Ranch Buckley Patrick, drifter, Allison Ranch Bulger Jas. I. engineer, Cambridge mine, bds with Hastings
Bulger William, miner, Andrew's mine, Union Hill Burgin John, miner, Norambagua mine
Burke John, miner, Allison Ranch Burke Michael, drifter, Allison Ranch Burke James, miner, S Auburn street Burke Cerrence, foreman Ophir Hill mine Burke T. with Halpen & Son, Union Hill Burns James, drifter, Allison Ranch Burns John, laborer, Forest Springs Burns John, lander, Eureka mine Burns Thomas, carman, Union Hill mine Burnie Alexander, mer tailor, Auburn st Burnie C. W. clothing, 72 Mill street, res Anburn street
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