USA > California > Monterey County > History and biographical record of Monterey and San Benito Counties : and history of the State of California : containing biographies of well-known citizens of the past and present. Volume I > Part 51
USA > California > San Benito County > History and biographical record of Monterey and San Benito Counties : and history of the State of California : containing biographies of well-known citizens of the past and present. Volume I > Part 51
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Name of Rancho
Grant by
Granted by Federal ation by
Mexico Commission Dist. Crt.
by U. S.
W. E. P. Hartnell. 2971.26
Bruno Bernal 5941.12
G. Tapia 3322.56
J. de la Torre. 16523.35
D. S. Spence. 13351.64
S. Espinosa. 6415.96
Jose de J. Vallejo. 8866.43
J. B. R. Cooper.
6915.97
Heirs of Simeon Castro. .28827.78
J. S. Estrada. 7725.56
M. Malarin, Executor. 8889.68
Henry Cocks
1106.03
Andrew Randall et als.
4366.80
Henry D. McCobb. 4434-77
Ellen E. White. 26627.16
D. Littlejohn 4482.38
Maria A. Castro de Anzar .. 1628.70 J. D. Carr. 48780.72
Joaquin Soto 2236.13
J. C. Gore. 1695.04
J. B. R. Cooper 8949.06
Heirs of Joaquin Soto 13329.28
Charles Wolter 5668.1I
F. Soberanes 8899.82
M. Malarin, Exe.
8858.44
James Stokes 8759.82
David Spence. 8446.23
L. Rawson 718.23
J. M. Boronda 6624.99
Catalina M. de Munras. 2179.50
Heirs of Rafael Gomez. 26581.34
G. Espinosa.
4413.81
M. Soberanes
8900.17
Maria J. Soberanes 8794.09
Ygnacio Pastor. 43280.90
33.19
34.47
9.00
M. Butron et als ..
. Confirmed 1857
A. Romero
1856
City of Monterey
1856
City of Monterey 29698.53
Vicente Cantua 6633.19
Jose & Jaime de Puig 4411.56
Monmany 2737-44
Carlos C. Espinosa 16938.98
Jacob P. Leese. 2666.51
Juana Briones de Lugo. 6584.32
W. S. Johnson. 13299.12
E. Boronda 2229.70
Rafael Estrada 2220.02
Teodoro Gonzales 15218.02
Heirs of S. Munras 19979.01
Jacob P. Leese. . 10241.88
John Wilson et als .. 2211.55
Domingo Perez et als 4424.46
Jose Abrego
8813.50
Jose R. Gonzales et als. 22135.89
F. Rico 22264-47
F. Soberanes 21884.38
R. Sanchez
48285.95
Henry Cocks 13296.98
James Watson 6671.08
James McKinlay 8874.72
M. Soberanes I3345.65
Jos. S. Emery et als 8818.56
Juan M. Anzar.
4310.29
Zanjones
.1839
Anto M. Castro ..... Confirmed 1850 G. de la Torre .. . Confirmed 1856
To Whom Confirmed No. of Acres
Alisal
Alisal 1834
Aguajito 1835
Arroyo Seco. 1840
Buena Esperanza. 1834
Bolsa de las Escarpinas. .1837
-S. Espinosa
1855
Bolsa de San Cayetano. .1824
Bolsa del Potrero y Moro Cojo. 1822
Bolsa Nueva y Moro Cojo. I825
Buena Vista 1822
Chualar 1839 Juan Malarin.
Cocks Tract 1840
Canada de la Segunda. 1839 L. Soto
Corral de Tierra. .1836
Cholame
1844
Carneros
1839
Carneros 1842
Cienega del Gabilan. .1843
Antonio Chavis ..
Rejected 1858
Canada de la Carpenteria 1845
Joaquin Soto.
Confirmed 1855
El Potrero de San Carlos. 1837
El Pescadero I836
El sur 1834
El Piojo
1842
El Toro 1835 J. R. Estrada. 1855
Ex Mission Soledad. .1846
Guadalupe 1833
Los Vergeles
1835
Llano de Buena Vista.
1823
Los Laureles
1844
1839
Laguna Seca
1834
Los Tularcitos
1834
Los Salinas
Los Ojitos
1842
Los Coches
.I841
Las Milpitas 1838
Mission San Antonio. I771
Mission La Soledad. 1791
Mission El Carmel. 1770
Natividad 1837
Meadows Tract
1840
Monterey City Lands
Nacional
.1839
Noche Buena
1835
Pilarcitos 1835
Posa de los Ositos I839
Carlos C. Espinosa .. 1855
Jose Maria Armenta. Confirmed 1854 F. Lugo
1857
Pleyto 1845
Rinconada del Sanjon. 1840
Rincon de las Salinas. 1833
Rincon de la Puenta del Monte. . 1836 San Vicente 1835
Sausal
Saucito 1833
Santa Rita 1837
San Francisquito 1835
San Miguelito 1841
San Lorenzo 1842
San Lorenzo .I841
San Lorenzo 1846
San Bernabe
.1841 1842
F. Garcia
1857
San Lucas 1842
San Bernardo .1841 M. Soberanes. Confirmed 1856
San Jose y Sur Chiquito 1839
Marcelino Escobar .... Rejected 1882
1857
Catalina M. de Munros
Jose R. Gonzales.
F. Rico
1857
F. Soberanes
1857
R. Sanchez
1857
Jesue Molina 1855
Rafael Estrada. Rejected 1856
1855
/ Ramona Butron et als.
8642.2I
James Meadows
4591.71
Vicente Cantua
Juan Anto Munoz ... F. Vasquez. 1857
Rejected
Punta Pinos 1833
Paraje de Sanchez. 1839
Anto Chavis
Rejected 1857
E. Boronda. Confirmed 1856
Christina Delgado. 1856
Teodoro Gonzales ...
1855
F. Soto & S. Munras
1856
1834
Jose T. Castro. ..
I856
Craciano Manjares. .. 1857
Jose T. Espinosa. .
66
F. Soberanes.
1855
Juan Malarin
1856
Jose J. Gomez.
Rejected 1855
Jose M. Estrada. Confirmed 1856
Jose Agricia.
. Rejected 1857
J. M. Boronda
Confirmed 1856
Catalina M. deMunras I856
Rafael Gomez. 1855
1836
G. Espinosa
1857
M. Soberanes. 1856
Maria J. Soberanes .... Rejected 1855 Ygnacio Pastor. Confirmed 1860
1855
J. Guiterrez
4306.98
F. Barretto .. Rejected 1856 .
J. B. Alvarado
Confirmed 1855
Joaquin Soto. 1857
1859
M. Gonzales.
Rejected 1858
D. Littlejohn
Confirmed 1855
Maria A. Linares.
1856
Ig. Vallejo 66
I856
J. J. de la Torre.
1856
Heirs of Simeon Castro
1857
J. S. Estrada.
1854
1856
E. Espinosa
1857
1858
G. Figueroa
G. Tapia Rejected 1858
J. de la Torre
. Rejected 1856
D. S. Spence. Confirmed 1855
Date of
Mexico
.1834 G. E. Hartnell. .. Confirmed 1854
F. Soberanes. . Confirmed 1855
1856
San Bentio
Vega del Rio del Pajaro .1820
M. Malarin, Executor
6714.49
1855
Los Laureles
Fructuoso
323
HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.
As shown in the foregoing table about one- third in area of the entire country was confirmed as what is commonly termed "Spanish Grants" aggregating nearly three-fourths of a million acres, but in value about three-fourths of the value of the entire lands in the county.
Much litigation has arisen in past years re- specting portions of these lands, but generałly speaking the titles to these lands are settled, and except in instances which resulted from careless-
ness of the purchaser in not having an examina- tion of title made at time of purchase, there is very little defect found today in titles to lands, and these defects are the result of acts of recent years.
We wonder, as we go over the past sixty-five years of our history, if the next sixty-five years will show as much change in conditions. We leave the reader to ponder on this query.
Salinas, Cal., Dec. 8, 1909.
CHAPTER XI. THE STORY OF SAN BENITO COUNTY.
BY GEORGE H. TINKHAM.
A S the bells of San Juan rang out their call to evening prayer, their silvery notes floated far out of the rolling plain, the sheep lifting their heads, listened, and the Mexi- can shepherd kneeling upon the earth, crossed his breast and muttered his orison. Today as of old, the mission bells ring out, linking together the pastoral life of a century past and the nerve- racking days of 1909.
Founded by the Franciscan Fathers, the good padres were instructing the Indians in the life beyond and the civilizing influences of the intel- ligent race, long before the American foot touched. California soil. Selecting a fertile spot at the foot of the Gabilan mountains, in the beat- tiful San Juan valley, Father Lasuen in 1897, June 24th, founded the Mission of San Juan Bautista. Fifteen years were the Indians en- gaged in the building of the Mission and not until 1812 was it finished. Within its walls thousands of Indians have worshipped and been baptized, and today six bodies deep they lie buried in the Mission burial ground, 5,467 neophytes.
In this Mission we find not only the coast pioneers in religious teaching, but in manufact- ures, agricultural and stock raising, and the fine orchard they left behind proved that they well understood agriculture. They raised thousands of bushels of grain, and at different periods they
owned 11,000 cattle; 1,528 horses and mules and 13,000 sheep. The secularization of the Missions in 1834 destroyed their priestly power and the glory of San Juan Bautista departed forever.
The old Mission was somewhat famous as the headquarters of the Revolutionary leader, Juan B. Alvarado, during his quarrel with Governor Gutterez, and later as the home of General Cas- tro, after whom it was sometimes called, San Juan de Castro. There assembled in 1846 the Mexican junta to discuss the question of a pro- tectorate government for Mexico. Governor Pico favored England, but General M. G. Vallejo, in an eloquent speech won a majority of votes in favor of the United States. During the Civil war the United States established a military headquarters at San Juan, naming it Camp Low, in honor of California's loyal governor. Major John C. Cremony was there stationed in com- mand of the Second cavalry, and they occupied the National Hotel as barracks.
Around the Mission grew the little town of San Juan, which comprised Mexican and Span- ish families only until 1848. In that year Patrick Breen located in the town with his family, just from his starvation experience at Donner Lake. Breen was the father of Judge James F. Breen, the first county judge of San Benito county. In 1849 Breen opened the first hotel, "The Inn,"
324
HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.
and during the gold discovery he made plenty of money. San Juan was just a day's travel from Monterey, the old capital, and as he was the only English-speaking landlord of the town he was well patronized. His rates were $5 a day, sleep on the floor in your blankets.
The travel to and fro between Monterey and the mines caused quite a settlement to be made at San Juan, consisting of mechanics and store keepers, and business was rapidly increased by the discovery and working of the New Idria Quicksilver mine. Teams from the mines would unload their quicksilver in San Juan and return to the mines with supplies, transported by other teams from San Jose or Alviso, the teams last named hauling the metal to the shipping point. Until the whistle of the locomotive down the valley, San Juan controlled the entire trade of the southern country. At one time seven lines of stages daily left the town from Monterey and other points, this including the Pacific Coast line owned by Benjamin P. Flint & Co., which ran from San Jose to Los Angeles.
The town in 1864 had a population of about 500 and among the earlier residents we name Judge Beebe; the merchants, Daniel Harris and McMahon & Griffith; notaries public, Joseph S. Bowie and Walter S. Thorn; justices of the peace, John Birmingham and R. W. Brotherton ; and attorneys, George E. Crane and W. E. Lovett.
The trade at San Juan with the southern part of the valley was immediately cut off by the rail- roads in 1870, but the town continued to grow because of the prosperity of the surrounding country. San Juan Valley is one of the largest fruit-raising valleys in the world, especially in French prunes. Apples and apricots are also ex- tensively grown, besides thousands of pounds of various seeds. The town now has a population of 1,000, with good schools, church organizations and secret societies. The Masonic order is one of the oldest in the state, Texas Lodge No. 46 having been instituted May 3rd, 1854.
Their great festal day is the 4th of March, Fremont's day, and each year they celebrate it with considerable enthusiasm. It is an historical event in honor of Fremont's victory over General
Castro and the raising of the first American flag on California soil.
Fremont, it will be remembered, asked permis- sion of General Castro (which was granted) to pasture his horses in the valley. Fremont had just crossed the plains in command of some sixty- two well-armed frontiersmen, among them Kit Carson, the well-known scout and guide. Two days later Fremont was ordered to leave the val- ley, but as his animals were poor and very tired from their long march from St. Louis, he re- solved to stand his ground. Fearing an attack, however, he rode up to Gabilan Peak, threw up a strong breastwork, and raising aloft the stars and stripes, awaited the appearance of Castro. The general rode into the valley the following day in command of some 200 horsemen, armed with rifles and lances. For three days Castro and his soldiers rode to and fro over the valley, believing that they could intimidate Fremont and cause him to surrender. Several times they charged up the mountain half way, but when they observed in the underbrush a line of gleam- ing rifles, each good for one dead Mexican, they rapidly rode down the hill. Castro finally re- tired and the fourth day Fremont started for Oregon.
In honor of this event San Juan celebrates. On the appointed day the men and women formed a horseback procession and rode from the town along the trail to the peak; a flag staff had there been permanently planted and on arrival they first raised the old flag. As it broke to the breeze it was greeted by twenty-one cannon salutes from the valley below and the loud huzzas of the as- sembled patriots. Bonfires were then built, speeches were made, and national songs sung, the ceremony ending with a picnic. During the entire week the town presented a scene of festivi- ties, the celebration ending in a supper and ball.
Among the first settlers of the present San Benito county was Thomas Flint, who located in San Juan in 1851. Finding that it would be a profitable sheep country, he having been engaged in sheep raising in his eastern home, Vermont, he returned to the east and in 1853 he and Llewellyn Bixby crossed the plains with a fine grade of Spanish Merino sheep. They imported
325
HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.
the finest breed of bucks and in 1859 one of their sheep, a French Merino buck, only fourteen months old, produced forty-two pounds of un- washed wool, the heaviest on record.
In 1855 Col. W. W. Hollister located in San Juan Valley and in looking for sheep land he discovered that a colony of Mormons who were located in the valley could easily be dispossessed of their property as they believed they were on government land, when as a matter of fact it was a Mexican grant given to Gen. Jose Castro by the Mexican government and sold by him to Fran- cisco Perez Pacheco. As the Mormons had no money to purchase the land, Hollister and Flint bought it, some 34,618 acres.
The business relations between the two men were not particularly friendly and in a short time the partnership was dissolved, Hollister taking an equal share of the sheep and the sheep range on the west side of the river. Flint erected a home near the river bank, east side, but in a short time Hollister came to the conclusion that he had got the worst of the trade; complaining considerably to Flint, the latter one day exclaimed, "Well, Hollister, how much do you think I have got the best of you ?" "$10,000," he replied. "Will you take that amount and swap?" said Flint. Hollis- ter replied that he would, and the transfers of property were made. Some years later, 1862, Hollister built a large two-story house on the south side of Sally Hill, and along what is now Third street, he built about 500 feet of sheep water-troughs. Hollister lived in the house, his sheep herders living in a few tents where now stands "Hotel Hollister."
Some six years later Hollister disposed of some 21,000 acres of his holdings to a corporation known as the San Justo Homestead Association, which was organized October 10, 1868, in Gilroy. The association purchased the land at the rate of $17.50 an acre, they paying $100,000 down, and the balance, $270,000, on time. Subdividing the land into 172 equal acre lots, they reserved Lot 51 for a townsite, and November 19th the lots were put up at auction, the highest bidder to take his choice. The sale was started with John Wright's bid of $500, but he was quickly outbid, and the first choice was knocked down to Thomas
S. Hawkins for $4,500. Mr. Hawkins selected what is now known as Hawkins' addition. Many other lots were sold and the association realized, that day, $87,352.
So successful were they in their plans that they immediately laid off the townsite and named it Hollister, in honor of the previous owner; the blocks were 300 feet on each side, with an east and west twenty-foot alley. The streets running north and south were given proper names, such as San Benito, Monterey, San Lucas, while the streets running east and west were designated by number, First, Second, Third, etc. The lots were then sold by auction, inside lots at $100 each, and corner lots at $200 each, with a prem- ium for choice. John Owens, the first purchaser, selected Lots 23 and 24 on Fourth street between Monterey and San Benito.
Shortly afterward he established a merchandise store, the first in Hollister. C. W. Wentworth, the first postmaster, then opened a store, followed in 1869 by Goldsmith & Farish, T. L. Baldwin and A. P. Boyd, the latter establishing a lumber yard, the site of the present proposed park. G. H. Graves in 1870 opened a grocery store and J. M. Black was the pioneer furniture dealer. The first frame building, a blacksmith shop, was erected at the corner of San Benito and Third streets, by the Burnett Brothers, and the first brick building, two stories, was built by M. Resonburg, corner of San Benito and Fourth streets. The town at this time had about 400 in- habitants and the population rapidly increased.
One of the causes of the rapid growth of Hol- lister was the quick transportation afforded by the railroad, the Southern Pacific running their trains as far south as Tres Pinos in 1870. It was their intention to continue their line further down the valley, but changing their route in 1872, Hollis- ter was left as a branch line only. A small depot was erected, but soon afterwards, January 5, 1876, it was destroyed by fire with a loss of some $14,000. A large quantity of lime, wool and gen- eral merchandise was destroyed, together with considerable furniture of parties moving into the town.
This, the first fire of Hollister, was followed by another disastrous fire August 28, 1878, the work
.
326
HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.
of an incendiary. The Exchange Building, oc- cupied by Rosenbaum & Jacobs, the harness store of H. Falkenburg, and the variety store of Isaac Means, were destroyed, and for a time it seemed as though the entire block was doomed; but the volunteer fire department succeeded in checking the flames, the property destroyed not exceeding $10,000.
The fire department, which at present consists of three hose companies and a hook and ladder company, 105 men all told, with John F. Douglas as chief engineer, was organized in December, 1875, in San Benito Hall, and R. M. Shackford was elected chief engineer. The town trustees appropriated $1,000 for the purchase of a fire ap- paratus and hose, and three hose companies were formed, Alert No. I, Wide Awake No. 2 and Vigilant No. 3, together with Protection No. I hook and ladder. Alexander Eaton, the second chief engineer, built the third hose cart, which was used in their tournament races. The depart- ment has at all times been called into action by an alarm bell, and at present in case of fire, the tele- phone is used. As fires seldom occur the "boys" keep themselves in first-class condition by con- tinuous training for the firemen's tournament, which annually takes place at Hollister or other nearby coast points. There is great rivalry be- tween the different towns in speed, skill and en- durance, and so excellent is the Hollister depart- ment that on one occasion they took one-half the prizes, including the diamond belt.
The hosemen gave their first ball February 22, 1876, in San Benito Hall. Over fifty couple merrily danced through the fleeting hours, to the music of Trumbell's quadrille band of Gilroy, and at midnight they sat down to supper furnished by the Rector Brothers of the Western Hotel. On the evening of July 3 of that year the depart- ment was honored by the ladies of Hollister. Marching in full uniform to the same hall, they were presented with a beautiful silk flag by the ladies and proudly behind it they marched on the following day.
In the centennial celebration of July 4, 1876, Hollister did herself full credit. At early dawn the popping of fire crackers proclaimed the pat- riotism of the younger generation, the old flag
floated from every flag staff, and at an early dawn the farmers from the surrounding coun- try began assembling upon San Benito street. At 10 o'clock the procession, comprised princi- pally of the fire department, formed at the corner of San Benito and Fifth streets; the firemen's uniforms were clean and neat, their hose-carts handsomely decorated, and led by the Centennial cornet band they paraded the principal streets, then out Monterey street to Stroube's Grove, near the San Juan bridge, the dusty road having been well sprinkled by the water carts. On ar- rival the following program was carried out: Music, band; prayer, W. H. Cross; "Hail Co- lumbia," American Jubilee singers ; address of welcome, Judge James F. Breen; music, band ; reading of the Declaration of Independence, J. T. May ; poem written by Thomas Connolly, read by H. Z. Morris; oration, W. E. Lovett; benedic- tion, Rev. George B. Ash.
This was their first 4th of July as an independ- ent county, San Benito having been created from Monterey county February 12, 1874. The citi- zens of Monterey, San Juan and Gilroy had strongly opposed this change because of political and commercial reasons, but the San Benito citi- zens saw no good reasons why they, at consider- able loss of time and expense, should be com- pelled to travel over the steep grade of the Gabilan mountains to transact legal and official business in Salinas, the county seat. The "peo- ple across the mountains," as they were called, possessed one-third of the territory of Monterey county, paid one-third of the taxes and numbered one-third of the population, hence they had certain rights that should be considered. They had as- sisted Salinas in its successful fight for the county seat of Monterey and according to the agreement that city promised to assist them in their new county fight.
The new county could only be created by legis- lative action and in the election of that year, Sep- tember 6, 1871, for senator and assemblyman, all political issues were laid aside and the only issue was "Division or no division." The result was a draw, the anti-divisionists electing their senator, Thomas Beck (four years later he was elected secretary of state), and the divisionists elected
327
HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.
Assemblyman H. M. Hayes. December 16 he introduced a bill into the assembly creating the county of San Benito, but the committee to whom it was referred "recommended that it do not pass." A similar report came from the senate committee, the opponents of the bill opposing it in both houses, and that ended the matter for two years. In the meantime there had been a strong sentiment at work in favor of the new county, and in the election of September, 1873, the divisionists elected both of their representa- tives, Senator Thomas Flint and Assemblyman Carlisle S. Abbott. The bill was introduced into the assembly January 7 by a friend, and two weeks later it passed the house. The senate ap- proved the bill February 4th and although its opponents endeavored to have Governor Booth veto the measure, they were unsuccessful, and February 12, 1874, he signed it, thus making it a law. The good news was immediately tele- graphed to Hollister and there was great rejoic- ing. Guns were fired, corks were popping, and there was a general handshaking over the result.
Under the provisions of the act, the governor appointed John Breen, Mark Pomeroy, J. W. Whittier, H. M. Hayes and Thomas S. Hawkins as commissioners to organize the county and call the first county election. In the performance of their duty they assembled in the Baldwin House and first elected Judge Breen as president. They divided the county into four townships, San Juan, Hollister, San Benito and Paicines, and desig- nated the officers and the polling places of the election.
The election was held March 26, 1874, and the highest vote cast was for treasurer, 1,036; the second highest vote being for sheriff, 1,030. Politics cut no figure ; seven Democrats and four Republicans receiving a majority vote. The fol- lowing county officers were elected: B. F. Ross, sheriff ; H. M. Hayes, clerk; Thomas McMahon, treasurer ; F. P. McCray, treasurer ; H. Z. Mor- ris, school superintendent ; J. M. Black, coroner ; H. Dowdy, assessor ; Supervisors, M. Pomeroy, Thomas Flint and D. J. Watson.
In Hodges Hall the supervisors assembled for the first time April 6th, and in obtaining a court house, F. I. Hodges leased them his two-story
wooden building, then standing upon Monterey and Fourth streets, for three years at a rental of $I a year and taxes. The old building was used until May, 1888, when it was removed to its present location on San Benito street and is now a Japanese lodging house.
The great crowd that was in attendance at the John T. Prewett trial for murder convinced the supervisors "that a new court house is an abso- lute and pressing necessity," and they called an election April 12, 1887, for the purpose of bond- ing the county for $30,000. The proposition was defeated, as the voters believed the amount called for was too small. Again, June 7, 1887, the su- pervisors called for a vote on a $40,000 bonding proposition and it carried by a splendid majority, 781 to 130. Four lots were then purchased from J. J. Berg and Thomas McMahon for $4,500 and plans for a two-story brick court house were drawn. The successful architect was J. Gosh, and Knowles & Whitmore's bid of $35.987 for the erection of the building was accepted. The work was rapidly carried on and May 7, 1888, it was completed. The contractor did honest work and in the great earthquake that severely shook Hollister, $17,000 repaired all damage to the Hall of Justice.
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