USA > California > Los Angeles County > History of Los Angeles county, Volume I > Part 7
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On December 21, 1875, the county had a bill before the California Legislature, asking for the privilege of bonding this county to the amount of $150,000 with which to build a new courthouse and jail. The bill provided that the old jail and courthouse property, which had
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16
HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
been purchased some years previous, should be sold and the money applied toward the proposed new structures. The project failed, however.
In 1888-90 was commenced the construction of the present magnifi- cent courthouse, on the hill on North Broadway Street, near the present Federal building. The last courthouse named cost about $543,000, but in 1911 it was found necessary to have more room for the county's numerous records, hence an annex, or what is styled the Hall of Rec- ords, was erected on the same block and was made a part of the court- house. The cost of this building was about $1,283,934.
TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATIONS
The original townships of the county were these: Los Angeles, San Gabriel, San Jose, San Bernardino, Santa Ana and San Juan. These were established by the Court of Sessions, which had county affairs in hand until the first Board of County Supervisors was organized.
As subdivided into civil townships, Los Angeles County of today (1922) is as follows :
Antelope
Los Angeles City
Azusa
Malibu
Belvedere
Monrovia
Chauenga
Norwalk
Calabasas
Pasadena
Catalina
Redondo
Chatsworth Park
Rowland
Compton
San Antonia
Covina
San Dimas
Downey
San Fernando
El Monte
San Gabriel
Fairmont
San Jose
Inglewood
Santa Monica
Gardena
Soledad
Lamita
South Pasadena
Lankershim
Venice
Long Beach
Whittier
INCORPORATED CITIES
Alhambra
Culver
Arcadia
Eagle Rock
Avalon
El Monte
Azusa
El Segundo
Beverly Hills
Glendale
Burbank
Glendora
Claremont
Herman Beach
Compton
Huntington Park
Covina
Inglewood
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
INCORPORATED CITIES
La Verne
San Gabriel
Los Angeles
San Marino
Manhattan Beach
Santa Monica
Monrovia
Sierra Madre
Monterey Park
South Pasadena
Pasadena
Venice
Pasadena Beach
Watts
Pomona
Whittier
San Fernando
COUNTY OFFICIALS
The following is a list of the more important county officers who have served in Los Angeles County since its organization, as near as can be determined by extant records and newspaper files :
County Recorders-Ignaicio del Valle, 1850-51; County clerks ex- officio, 1852-73; J. W. Gillette, 1874-75 ; Charles E. Miller, 1876-79; C. C. Lamb, 1880-82; C. F. Miller, F. A. Gibson, 1883-86; F. A. Gibson, 1887-8; J. W. Francis, 1889; J. A. Kelly, 1890; Arthur Bray, 1892-94; C. E. Hodgman, 1894-95; Robert F. D. Wade, 1898-02; Calvin Hartwell, 1902-03; Charles L. Logan, 1906-20.
County . Treasurers - Manuel Garfias, 1850-51; Francis Mellus, 1852-53 ; Timothy Foster, 1854-55 ; H. N. Alexander, 1856-59 ; M. Kremer, 1860-65 ; J. Huber, Jr., 1860-69; T. E. Rowan, 1870-75 ; F. P. F. Temple, 1876-77 ; E. Hewitt, 1878-79; Milton Lindley, 1880-83; J. W. Broaded, 1883-88; J. Banbury, 1889-90; J. De Barth Shorb, 1892-94; Thomas J. Fleming, 1894-95 ; Mark G. Jones, 1898-03; John N. Hunt, 1903-20.
County Clerks-B. D. Wilson, 1850-51; Wilson W. Jones, 1852-53; John W. Shore, 1854-57; Charles R. Johnson, 1858-59; John W. Shore, 1860-63; Thomas D. Mott, 1864-71; A. W. Potts, 1872-84; Charles H. Dunsmoor, 1885-89; Trowbridge H. Ward, 1890-92; William B. Cullen, 1892-94; Thomas E. Newlin, 1894-95 ; Charles W. Bell, 1898-02; Charles G. Keyes, 1902-07; Henry J. Lelande, 1910-18; L. E. Lampton, 1919-21.
Superintendent of Schools-A. F. Coronel, 1850-55; J. F. Burns, 1856; County Clerk ex-officio, 1857-63; A. B. Chapman, 1864-65; E. Birdsall, 1866-67 ; H. D. Barrows, 1868-69 ; William M. McFadden, 1870-73; G. H. Peck, 1874-75 ; T. A. Sexton, 1876-77; W. P. McDonald, 1878-79; J. W. Hinton, 1880-86; W. W. Seaman, 1887-89; W. W. Seaman, 1890; S. V. Riley, 1894-95 ; J. H. Stine, 1898-99 ; Frank Keppel, 1902-03 ; J. B. Millard, 1906-07 ; Mark Keppel, 1910-21.
County Auditors-County Clerks ex-officio, 1850-1875; C. W. Gould, 1876; A. E. Sepulvede, 1876-79; B. A. Yorba, 1882-82; A. E. Sepulvede, 1883-84; A. A. Montano, 1885-88; D. W. Hamlin, 1889; Converse Howe, 1890; Frank E. Lopez, 1892; Charles F. Bicknell, 1894-98; T. E. Nichols, 1898-02; H. G. Dow, 1902-10; Walter A. Lewis, 1910-19; H. A. Payne, 1919-21.
County Assessors-A. F. Coronel, 1850-56; Juan Sepulveda, 1857-58; W. W. Maxy, 1859-61; J. McManus, 1862; G. L. Mix, 1863-65; J. Q. Stanley, 1866-67; M. F. Coronel, 1868-69; D. Botiller, 1870-75; A. W.
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
Ryan, 1876-79; J. W. Venable, 1880-82; R. Bilderrain, 1883-86; C. C. Mason, 1887-91; Theo. Summerland, 1894-98; Alexander Caldwell, 1898-01 ; Benjamin E. Ward, 1902-06; Calvin Hartwell, 1906-10; Edward W. Hopkins, 1910-20.
County Attorneys-Benjamin Hayes, 1850-51; Lewis Gauger, 1852-53 ; District Attorney, ex-officio, 1854-1880.
District Attorneys-William C. Ferrel, 1850-51; Isaac S. K. Ogier, 1852; K. H. Dimmick, 1853; Benjamin F. Eaton, 1854; C. E. Thom, 1855-57; Ezra Drown, 1858-59; E. J. C. Kewen, 1862-63; Volney E. Howard, 1864-67 ; A. B. Chapman, 1868-69; C. E. Thom, 1870-73 ; Volney E. Howard, 1874-75; Rodney Hudson, 1876-77; C. E. Thom, 1878-79; Thomas B. Brown, 1880-82; S. M. White, 1883-84; G. M. Holton, 1885-86; G. S. Patton, 1887; J. A. Dupy, 1887-88; E. P. Kelly, 1889; James McLochan, 1890-92 ; Henry C. Dillon, 1892-94 ; John A. Donnell, 1895-97 ; James C. Rives, 1898-99; J. D. Frederick, 1902-18; Thomas L. Woolwine, 1919-22.
Sheriffs-George T. Burrill, 1850; James R. Barton, 1851-55; D. W. Alexander, C. E. Hale, 1856; James R. Barton, E. Bettis, 1857 ; William C. Getman, 1858; James Thompson, 1858-59; Thomas A. Sanchez, 1860-67 ; James F. Burns, 1868-71; W. R. Rowland, 1872-75 ; W. D. Alex- ander, 1876-77 ; H. M. Mitchell, 1878-79; W. R. Rowland, 1880-82; A. T. Currier, 1883-84; G. E. Gard, 1885-86; J. C. Kays, 1887-88; M. G. Aguirre, 1889; Ed D. Gibson, 1890-92; Martin C. Marsh, 1892; John Burr, 1894-95; William A. Hammel, 1898-99; Will A. White, 1902-03; W. A. Hammel, 1906-13; J. C. Cline, 1914-18; W. I. Trager, 1920.
County Surveyors-J. R. Conway, 1850-51; H. Hancock, 1852-57 ; William Moore, 1858-59; E. Hadley, 1860-61; William Moore, J. G. McDonald, 1862; W. M. Leighton, 1863; George Hanson, 1864-69; F. Lecoureus, 1870-73; L. Seebold, 1874-75; T. J. Ellis, 1876-77 ; John E. Jackson, 1878-79; E. T. Wright, 1880-82; J. E. Jackson, 1883-84; E. T. Wright, 1885-86; John Goldsworth, 1887-88; H. T. Stafford, 1889-92; E. A. Ensign, 1892-94; Edward T. Wright, 1894-98; Joseph H. Smith, 1898-01; L. V. Youngworth, 1902-06; Ivory B. Noble, 1906-18; J. E. Rockhold, 1918-21.
Coroners-Alpheus P. Hodges, 1850-51; Rafel Guierado, 1852; J. S. Mallard, 1853; T. Mayes, 1854-55; Q. A. Snead, 1856; J. W. Winston, 1857; A. Cook, 1858; H. R. Myles, 1859; H. P. Swain, 1860-61; J. S. Griffin, 1862-65; J. L. Smith, 1866-67; V. Gelcich, 1868-69; J. Kurtz, 1870-73; N. P. Richardson, 1874-75; J. Kurtz, 1876-77; J. Hannon, 1878-79 ; H. Nalleou, 1880-84 ; A. McFarland, 1892-94 ; George W. Camp- bell, 1894-98; L. T. Holland, 1898-02; J. H. Trout, 1902-03 ; R. S. Lanter- man, 1906-11; Calvin Hartwell, 1911-19; Frank A. Nance, 1921.
County Judges-From the Organization of the county down to January 1, 1880, there was a county judge system in this county and at that date it was superseded by the Superior Court. The county judges who served were as follows: Augustin Olvera, 1850-53; Myron Norton, 1854; K. H. Dimmick, 1855; William G. Dryden, 1856-69 ; he died and A. J. King was appointed to serve out his term ; Y. Sepulveda, 1870-73; H. K. S. O'Mel- veny, 1874-77 ; A. M. Stephens, 1878-79; then the office of county judge was legally abolished and the Superior court was created.
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
THE PRESENT COUNTY OFFICIALS-1922
The subjoined is a list of the most important county officers in Los Angeles county at the present date :
Board of County Supervisors-B. F. McClellan (chairman), Sawtelle ; Prescott F. Cogswell, El Monte ; J. H. Bean, Los Angeles ; F. E. Woodley, Hollywood ; Henry WV. Wright, South Pasadena.
Treasurer-John N. Hunt. Auditor-H. A. Payne. County Clerk-L. E. Lampton. Recorder-Charles L. Logan. Sheriff-W. I. Trager. District Attorney-T. L. Woolwine. Hopkins.
Superintendent of Schools - Mark Keppel. Coroner-Frank A. Nance. Surveyor-J. E. Rockhold. County Assessor-Edward W.
HEALTH DEPARTMENT (FROM REPORT OF 1921)
The County Health Office has charge of the health work of the unincor- porated districts, and also the cities of La Verne, Glendora, El Segundo and Pomona. The rural territory covers 3,420 square miles, with a popu- lation of 150,000. In the 130 school districts there are 30,000 school children to be taken care of in the rural districts. Nine hundred square miles of watershed must be protected from the invasion of more than fifty resort areas. Five thousand contagious diseases were handled by the Health Department, with 443 deaths. Four thousand vaccinations were performed free, and not a single case of suffering by such operation is recorded. Three thousand sanitary inspections were made during the year 1921. The United States Government reports place Los Angeles County's Health Department as among the best organized of any in the country.
ROAD DEPARTMENT-FISCAL YEAR 1921
The activities of the County Road Department during this fiscal year included the construction of almost fifty miles of macadam and concrete highways and the maintenance of 438 miles of paved roads. New bridges were built and about forty old ones placed in a state of repair. About 3,400 miles of secondary roads of the Oiled Dirt class were kept up and twelve miles of new gravel highways constructed. Eight hundred men labored 210 days. There were 4,787 carloads of materials used.
DEPARTMENT OF CHARITIES
Superintendent of Charities-The supervision of public charities of this county was provided for in section 22 of the county charter, effective in June, 1913, and was in full operation January 1, 1915. This department is in charge of a superintendent, but under the control of the County Board of Supervisors. The department consists of all the public charities which are supported or maintained by the county, including the County Hospital, the Olive View Sanatorium, the County Farm, the County Cemetery and all out-door relief agencies, within the city and outside.
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
The County Hospital-This institution is located at 1100 Mission Road, Los Angeles. The grounds cover thirty-five acres of land and its twenty buildings cost about $2,000,000. It is fully equipped and up-to-date in all ways. It is the third largest of its kind in the United States, containing 1,283 beds. About 1,100 patients are found there, upon an average, the year through. The total cost per day per patient is $2.59. More than 14,000 patients were received and discharged from this institution last year. These were cared for by forty-five physicians and 325 nurses. Sixty per cent of the patients were American born and forty per cent of foreign birth. A Training School, a Nursing department, an up-to-date Psycho- pathic Hospital, an X-Ray department, a Pathological department, a Dental Laboratory, a Drug Department, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Diagnostic wards, and a Communicable-disease building, all form special sections of this wonderful hospital for use of people living within Los Angeles County.
Olive View Sanatorium-This was built and equipped at a cost of $250,000 and opened to the public in the fall of 1920. It is four miles north of Los Angeles city and is especially designed for tuberculosis cases. The county there owns a tract of 454 acres of farm land.
Los Angeles County Farm-This great institution is situated sixteen miles southeast of Los Angeles, and three miles south of Downey. It con- tains four hundred acres of fine farm land, 210 acres of which are now being cultivated. The twenty-six buildings on the place cost the county $400,000. The daily average attendance, including 225 harmless insane persons, is a total of 766. Ninety civilian employees and 250 working residents do the labor for the place. One hundred and ten of the inmates receive a fixed, but low wage, for their work. The buildings are two-story concrete structures. Chapel services are held each Sabbath. A talking machine placed on wheels is moved from one ward to another daily for the amusement of the inmates. Concerts and speeches are greatly enjoyed by the inmates of the institution. The Women's building has large porches on the east, west and north sides. A hospital ward is provided. No room has more than two beds. Each room has hot and cold running water with steam heat, rugs on the floors and good furniture. All food is cooked in the main kitchen and transferred to the Women's wards in little steam wagons. Most of the men eat in the large dining room, next to the main kitchen. The farm has its own sewer plant, makes its own electricity, has a herd of 150 Holstein-Freisian milch cows. Ordinarily there are milked each day 115 cows producing 500 gallons of milk-over 38 pounds per cow. The net cost per day for each inmate, last year, was sixty-two and four tenths cents.
Outdoor Relief Division-This is situated at 201 New High Street, Los Angeles. The Outdoor Relief has charge of all the relief work of the city and county, outside the county institutions, caring for about three thousand family units. A country store is conducted within the Relief division, and as the department uses many goods daily, much money is saved the county by this store. Only staple goods-mostly groceries-are handled here.
At the County Cemetery there are upon an average of three burials for
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
each day in the year. The total number of dead in this cemetery, up to June, 1921, was 12,547.
When it is known that the Hospital averages about 1,100 persons daily, the Farm 800 and the Outdoor Relief 3,000 families, including 2,000 children, which, with other activities, brings the total to 5,000 family units or 12,500 persons cared for each day, the scope of this department as well as the responsibility, will be better understood and appreciated.
COUNTY LIBRARIES
The county has numerous public libraries including the Law library on the Seventh floor of the Hall of Records, with its 59,000 volumes of law books-law reports for each state in the Union and from most of the foreign countries.
What is styled the "Free Library," had, at its last report, 161,000 volumes.
The Teacher's Library is a collection of almost 11,000 books for the professional teachers.
Of the 151 school districts in this county, in 1921, there were 127 receiving services through the County Free Library, 116,000 supplementary books, 179 word charts, 617 maps and 59 globes.
The Museum of History, Science and Art, also the Otis Art Institute are institutions belonging to the county which show the character of her people and scope of their ambitions.
PROPERTY VALUATION, INDEBTEDNESS AND TAX RATE
The County Auditor's report for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, gave the following figures: Number of acres of land assessed in Los Angeles County, 1920, 1,177,766 ; value of real estate in county, $612,073,- 810; value if improvements on real estate, $300,555,085 ; value of personal property, $232,505,965 ; total value of property returned to the auditor, $1,389,715,103 ; grand total of all property, $1,414,564,717 ; funded debt, $2,801,000; floating debt and interest, $887,942.02. Total county indebt- edness, $3,688,942.02. Total county rate of taxation on each one hundred dollars: Inside city, $1.23 ; outside city, $1.73.
The outstanding bonded indebtedness of the county June 30, 1921, was $25,754,039.74. Of this amount $18,329,080.00 was for school bonds.
PROPOSED NEW HALL OF JUSTICE
"It is proposed by the county authorities to erect a new eleven-story building to be known as the 'Hall of Justice,' fronting 170 feet on Temple Street, with a depth of 225 feet on New High and 119 feet and six inches on Buena Vista. In addition to the jail, with a capacity of 1,500 men and 125 women, which will occupy the top four stories, this building will house the county departments of sheriff, district attorney, public defender, six Superior courts, six Justice courts, the county clerk's criminal exhibits, the coroner and morgue, and the City Police Department, Emergency Hospital, city prosecutor's office, and six Police courts.
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
"The New High street floor will be used as a garage for county and city officers' automobiles. Besides a sub-basement for storage, there will also be an ice plant large enough to furnish all county departments. The esti- mated cost of this structure is two and one-half million dollars. It is estimated that it will require two years in which to complete this proposed building."
The above quoted paragraphs were inserted in the June, 1921, annual report of the Board of County Supervisors ; also showing the site which such building was likely to occupy.
The Board of County Supervisors have been making many changes in the plans of the proposed Hall of Justice and in the month of June, 1922, a member of the Board kindly furnished an outline of the plans, as now substantially agreed upon, and from which the immense structure will doubt- less be constructed in the near future. By floors and departments the building will be divided as follows: The building is to be located on the northeast corner of Temple and Broadway-186 feet frontage on Broad- way, 252 feet frontage on Temple Street ; twelve stories high, Broadway frontage, thirteen stories on Temple Street frontage, and fourteen stories on Buena Vista frontage.
The basement floor on Buena Vista Street will contain the City Emer- gency Hospital; first floor, sheriff's office and coroner's office, with a public morgue. Broadway entrance, second and third floor, the Police department and city prosecutor's office. The fourth floor-clerk of the Justice Court and constable's offices, with sleeping quarters for jurors to be locked up. Fifth floor-district attorney's office, public defender and Grand Jury rooms. Sixth floor-Police Court rooms and three Justice courts. The five top floors will contain the jail for the keeping of county, federal and city prisoners.
As now planned, the building will cost the county about $3,500,000, aside from the grounds valued at about $500,000 more.
POPULATION OF THE COUNTY (1850-1920)
According to the United States census returns for the last four enumera- tion periods the population in the various sub-divisions of Los Angeles County has been as follows :
1890 101,454
1900 170,298 415
1910 504,131 1,047
1920 936,455
Antelope Township,
2,196
Azusa Township, including city,
1,851
2,561
2,154
6,367
Ballona Township, including Ingle- wood, and Ocean Park,
4,492
3,080
7,249
Belvedere Township,
2,621
6,339
Burbank Township, including Glen- dale city and part of Assembly District 67,
2,996
3,048
7,249
25,021
Cahuenga Township, including part of Los Angeles City,
1,725
1,586
7,432
5,414
Calabasas Township,
440
488
492
491
Total population of county,
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
1890
1900
1910
1920
Catalina Township,
487
670
634
Compton Township and city,
2,013
1,683
3,888
6,357
Downey Township,
3,538
4,548
3,277
5,562
El Monte Township, including Mon- rovia City,
2,557
3,016
4,648
4,049
Fairmont Township,
720
427
932
840
Gardena Township,
3,552
6,331
Lankershim Township,
848
1,962
Lexington Township,
1,886
Long Beach Township with city,
1,051
3,285
20,616
61,362
Los Angeles Township and part of City,
50,395
102,479
313,104
568,886
Los Nietos Township, with Whittier City,
1,926
3,339
7,819
12,531
Malibu Township with Sawtelle city,
6,282
8,471
Monrovia Township and city,
6,579
Norwalk Township,
2,484
3,868
Pasadena Township and cities,
7,222
12,772
36,165 1,030
57,613
Redondo Township, including Her-
mosa Beach and Hermosa City,
668
942
5,016
13,797
Rowland Township and Covina City,
736
2,051
3,476
2,543
San Antonio Township, including Huntington, Vernon and Watts,
3,269
2,169
13,573
34,708
San Fernando Township,
1,110
1,326
2,134
3,204
San Gabriel Township, and Alham- bra City,
5,021
16,581
San Jose Township, including Clare- mont, Lordsburg and Pomona,
5,010
7,696
14,719
18,188
Santa Monica Township, with city, Soledad Township,
2,327
5,521
7,847
15,252
2,711
984
1,887
2,191
South Pasadena Township coexten- sive with city of South Pasadena,
623
1,001
4,649
7,6,42
By decades, the population of the county has been: In 1850, 3,530; 1860, 11,333; 1870, 15,309; 1880, 33,881; 1890, 101,454; 1900, 170,298; 1910, 504,131, while the last Federal census (1920) gave the county a total population of 936,455.
From the first census taken, which was in 1852, the subjoined facts have been gleaned from the official reports: Total population in Los Angeles county, 7,831, divided thus: White males, 2,496; white females, 1,597 ; total population of the white race in the county was 4,093. The Indian population at that date was as follows : Males, among the domesti- cated Indians, 2,278; females, 1,415; total number of domesticated Indians in county, 3,693, and grand total of population, 8,786.
In 1852 the county had 5,587 acres of cultivated land. Grape vines, 450,000, of which 400,000 were within the city of Los Angeles corporation. At that date the county comprised 34,000 square miles; the number of cattle assessed was 113,475; horses, 12,173; bushels of wheat grown, 34,241 ; barley, 12,120 bushels ; corn grown in 1851, 6,934 bushels.
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Puente Township, formed 1907,
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HISTORY OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY
PRESIDENTIAL VOTE
The following figures indicate the political party vote for Los Angeles County since President Buchanan's election in 1856:
1856-James Buchanan (Democratic), 722; John C. Fremont (Republi- can), 522; National American ticket, 135.
1860-Breckenridge Democrats, 703; Douglas Democrats, 494; Repub- lican, Abraham Lincoln, 356; Bell-Everett ticket (Democrat), 201.
1864-Gen. George B. McClellan (Democratic), 744; Abraham Lincoln (Republican), 555.
1868-Horatio Seymour (Democratic), 1,236; U. S. Grant (Republican), 748.
1872-Greeley Democrats (Liberal), 1,228; Republican, U. S. Grant; O'Connor-Democrat, 650.
1876-Samuel J. Tilden (Democratic), 3,616; Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican), 3,040.
1880-James A. Garfield (Republican), 2,915; Winfield S. Hancock (Democratic), 2,855; Greenback ticket, 306; Prohibition ticket, 10.
1884-Grover Cleveland (Democratic), 4,684 ; Benjamin Harrison (Repub- lican), 5,590 ; Greenback ticket, 208; Prohibition ticket, 343.
1888-Benjamin Harrison (Republican), 13,803 ; Grover Cleveland (Dem- ocratic), 10,111; Prohibition ticket, 1,266; National American ticket, 81.
1892-Benjamin Harrison (Republican), 10,226; Grover Cleveland (Dem- ocratic), 8,119; Peoples Party ticket, 1,348; Prohibition ticket, 3,080.
1896-William McKinley (Republican), 16,891 ; W. J. Bryan (Democratic- Populist), 16,043; Prohibitionist, 787 ; National Democratic, 131; Socialist, 108.
1900-William Mckinley (Republican), 19,293; W. J. Bryan (Demo- cratic), 13,253; Prohibitionist, 966; Social ticket, 1,448.
1904-Theodore Roosevelt (Republican), 27,538; W. J. Bryan (Demo- cratic), 18,694.
1908-William Howard Taft (Republican), 41,483; Democratic candi- date, 22,076; Prohibition candidate, 4,033.
1912-Theodore Roosevelt (Progressive Republican), 75,593; Woodrow Wilson (Democratic), 55,101; Socialists, 19,895; Prohibition- ist, 8,190.
1916-Charles E. Hughes (Republican), 135,000; Woodrow Wilson (Democratic), 114,487 ; Socialists, 8,076; Prohibitionists, 10,061. 1920-Warren G. Harding (Republican), 178,000; Cox (Democratic), 55,661 ; Socialists, 14,667 ; Prohibitionists, 8,781.
CHAPTER III GENERAL CLIMATIC FEATURES OF THE COUNTY
By observations, and from the writings of those best informed upon such topics, the following may be relied upon as true concerning the general climate found in Los Angeles County, as observed during the last half century or more at least.
While the Pacific coast in respect to climatic features, is somewhat uni- form throughout its extent, the climate of Southern California has some marked differences from that of the other sections. As one comes by sea from the northwest and turns into the Santa Barbara channel, he suddenly emerges from a region of chilly fog into one of sunshine. The direction of the currents in the ocean, and the mountain ranges on land, is such as to cause a striking change in climate as one approaches this part of the country from the north. The Sierra, which from Alaska south follows the general trend of the coast, turns eastward, walling in the country from the north and then turning southward again with a great curve, walls it in again on the inclement east side. The land which in northern California faces off westward to the sea now faces southward toward the sun. On the part of the sea, a current from the north is left far to the westward by the east- ward turn of the coast, and even kept still farther out by a chain of islands, while a warm current emerges from the south near the shore within the islands.
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