USA > California > Siskiyou County > History of Siskiyou County, California > Part 24
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UNION-West of Etna and south of Crystal creek. Set off from the old Rough and Ready district August 6, 1866.
VINELAND-Includes Orr's and Julien's.
WASHINGTON-North of Etna and Union, includ- ing Crystal creek. Established October 4, 1859.
WILLOW CREEK-Embraces Willow creek and vicinity. Created February 6, 1860.
YREKA-The town of Yreka. Was first district established in 1855.
There have been a number of other districts at various times, that have been consolidated with others or divided up so that to follow them through their many mutations is impossible. The above list embraces all that are in existence at present.
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HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
JOHN P. MEAMBER
Was born in the city of Metz, in France, on the first day of November, 1829. He is the son of Joseph and Mary Rose Meamber. He emigrated with his parents to the United States, settling at St. Louis, Missouri, and after a few years spent there they removed to St. Clair county, Illinois, where young Meamber worked on the farm in summer, and attended school in winter. In 1850 in company with his brother, "Gus," and others, he crossed the plains to California, arriving at Placerville July 28, 1850. After spending a few months in the mines he was taken sick and returned by steamer to his home. After remaining East about three years, he again returned to California, crossing the plains a second time. This time he located in Scott valley, on the place now owned by Charles Hammond. He re- mained here one year. In 1854 he removed to the place where he now resides. He has 320 acres of land well adapted to grazing and grain growing. He was married September 8, 1851, to Miss Mary Royer, daughter of Francis and Mary Royer, of French Village, St. Clair county, Illinois. By this union there have been seven children, viz .: Josephine, born at French Village, Illinois, July 20, 1852; Charles, born March 21, 1854, died when about two years of age; Augustine E., born February 14, 1856; Mary Rosa, December 17, 1860; Sarah E., July 7, 1863; Matilda, January 9, 1866; John Francis Joseph, January 27, 1874. Josephine mar- ried Mr. David Starr, and resides at Oro Fino. Augustine married Mr. James Moore, and resides on Indian creek. Mr. Meamber is a member of Fort Jones Lodge, No. 115, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In 1862 he took a prospeeting trip into the northern part of Idaho, and at another time went with a pack-train into the Bannock country. Both expeditions were disastrous to his interests. The first trip Mr. Meamber says he had nothing to lose, but the second time he did have something and lost it all. He has now fully deter- mined to abandon mining, and pursue his business on the farm, in connection with which he operates a dairy of thirty cows, gathering about 5,000 pounds of butter annually, which finds a ready sale in the mines close at home. A view of the residence can be seen on another page of this volume.
JOSIAH DOLL
Was the sixth child and fifth son of a family of fifteen children, and was born in Stark county, Ohio, on March 6, 1829. His parents were John Doll, a native of Spring Forge, York county, Penn- sylvania, and Elizabeth (Reshir) Doll, a native of Hagarstown, Maryland. Both families of the par- ents emigrated to Ohio in an early day, where they were married and lived until the time of their death, which occurred in 1868 and 1872 respectively, both having reached the age of seventy-two years. Josi- ah's parents were engaged in farming, and he fol- lowed this occupation till he was eighteen years of age. In 1852 he started for California by way of the Isthmus, in company with a brother and two cousins. For the first two years he was engaged in mining on the Yuba river; then removed to Yreka
flats, where he mined in Blue gulch. He was there joined by two brothers, late from Ohio, into whose hands he put his mining interests and went to Scott valley. Together with William R. Oberlin he took up 320 acres of land, where he now resides, and has since continued to reside, with the excep- tion of one year spent in Idaho in 1862, where he was also engaged in mining. In 1858 Mr. Doll bought out Oberlin's interest. He was married on the twenty-second of February, 1869, to Catharine L. Simon, daughter of Jacob and Susanna Simon, of Ashland, Ashland county, Ohio, who were natives of Germany, where Mrs. Doll was born, at the vil- lage of Metz, being the eldest of four children. Five children have been born to Josiah and Catharine Doll: Libbie S., born December 3, 1870; Louisa L., born July 20, 1872, and died February 21, 1874; Abbie Ann, born December 9, 1875; Francis M., born November 17, 1877; Charles Valentine, born February 14, 1879. Another member of the family is Josiah Baer, who was the son of Lydia Baer, a sister of Mr. Doll. He was born January 8, 1865, and has been reared and cared for in Mr. Doll's family. In politics Mr. Doll is a staunch Republi- can. He has embraced the faith of the Dunkard church. He is a member of the Etna Lodge, No. 184, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being now Past Grand, also of the Evening Star Lodge, No. 186, Free and Accepted Masons. Mr. Doll, assisted by his estimable wife, has labored patiently and assiduously to acquire a competence of this world's goods, and his success in surrounding himself with the comforts of a pleasant home are due entirely to his careful management and strict integrity.
A. H. DENNY
Was born in New Providence, New Jersey, Feb- ruary 27, 1835. In 1842 his father moved to Wisconsin, landing in Milwaukee in October, while that city was yet a small burg. He had just enough money to hire a team to drive his family out in the country where he taught school that winter; took up government land the next fall, and it was two years before he was able to buy a yoke of oxen. The subject of our sketch was the third child, having a brother and sister older. His boyhood was spent in struggles with poverty, inci- dent to pioneer life. In 1852 he and his elder brother started from Waukesha county, Wisconsin, with an ox-team to cross the plains, in company with a family, all bound for the Pacific coast, taking the advice of their parents, who thought it better to have a woman along in ease of sickness. They soon left the family, however, and struck out on their own hook, crossing the Missouri at Council Bluffs. They had a yoke of oxen, a cow, light buggy, wagon, small stock of provisions, and one dollar and fifty cents in money. But, by indomita- ble energy and pluck, they got through all right. At Salt Lake they traded for ponies, packed from there, and at Humboldt fell in with Heard & Lytle, of Siskiyou county, who were there trading for fine stock. They drove for them and stood watch at night, being troubled a good deal by Indians and attacked once at Rushing Springs. They picked up
HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
Thomas Masterson, of this county ; a man named Drigs, together with Mrs. Carroll and daughter, now of Fort Jones, Drigs having been despoiled of his best cattle by the redskins. A few days after they fell in with Ben Wright, and were escorted through the Modoc country, arriving in safety at Yreka, October 29, 1852, just seven months from the time of leaving their home in Wisconsin. Mr. Denny and brother first located on Deadwood creek, and came up to Callahan's in 1854, which has been his post-office address ever since. They saw some hard times afterwards, living on beefsteak, without salt, and paying for it twenty-five and thirty cents per pound ; and getting in debt to Dr. and William Davidson, of Fort Jones, and splitting rails to liquidate the account. They mined three years at Deadwood and Porter's Flat, then bought some cows, and A. H. Denny sold milk for three years on south fork of Scott river. He then went to farming, and was engaged in that occupation, together with packing and teaming, for about ten years. During this time his parents came to this country, and his two brothers, Thomas and Joseph, and his elder sister. In 1864 he went to Vermont and married Eliza R. Webber, who was born in that State in 1842, living with her in Norris valley two years. Then he sold out and came to Callahan's, taking a share in the store of Denny Brothers, when the firm consisted of Thomas, Joseph and himself. One year afterward he went to south fork, keeping the French Flat store there for six years. Then he returned to Callahan's and has remained ever since. His wife lived seventeen years after their marriage. There were born to them nine children, with dates of birth as follows: Emma J., April 1, 1865 ; Mary Alma, April 26, 1866; Albert Alpha, November 23, 1867 ; Joseph Amasa, December 29, 1869 ; Phœbe Ann, September 1, 1871; Eliza Web- ber, July 28, 1873; Karl Vandawater, November 17, 1876; Robert Roy, August 9, 1878 ; Edmond W., November 29, 1880. Mr. Denny's father, who was a native of Northfield, Vermont, died at Calla- han's in 1871, being seventy-one years of age. His mother was born on Long Island in 1807. She died at Callahan's in 1881, aged seventy-five years. Mr. Denny is a member of a lodge of Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also of the Ancient Order United Workmen. He is an independent Protestant in religious matters. By indomitable perseverance he has acquired a reasonable compe- tence, achieving everything by industry and care.
AUGUSTUS MEAMBER.
Joseph and Mary R. Meamber were born in Metz, France, about the year 1800. In 1832 they emigrated to America, proceeding to St. Louis, Mis- souri, where they settled. At this time the family consisted of three children: Augustus, born at Metz, France, December 22, 1827; John P., born October 5, 1829; and Adelaide, September, 1831. The Meamber family afterwards moved to St. Clair county, Illinois, only a few miles across the river from St. Louis. Here, another child (Joseph) was
born, January 1, 1840. Augustus, the eldest, resided there until twenty-two years of age, when he deter- mined, as many a one has since done, to seek his fortune in the far West. Having made the neces- sary preparations he left his home April 1, 1850, with a mule-team, for a journey overland to Cali- fornia. On the twenty-sixth of July he arrived in Hangtown (Placerville), and mined for a short time at French gulch. He then freighted goods from Sacramento to French gulch, where he opened a trading-post, but left January 1, 1851, for Scott Bar, going on foot and driving four pack-mules. On the first of February he reached Scott river, where he established a trading-post, and did some mining. That summer he went to San Fran- cisco, purchased twenty-three mules and several horses, and started back with them. Before reach- ing Yreka the Modoc Indians stole all his stock, of which he afterward recovered only two or three head. In the spring he returned to Scott river, and built a bridge, which he owned and controlled for several years. In 1854 he opened a hotel on the trail leading from Fort Jones to Scott Bar, mine miles from Fort Jones, and known as the Mountain House. He conducted this place until 1862, being also engaged in packing during that time. He was married, September 20, 1860, to Miss Emma J. Noble. Children have been born to them as follows: Alice H., born June 21, 1861; Charles H., November 5, 1862; George B., December 26, 1864; Fanny R., January 23, 1867; Lillian M., February 26, 1869; John P., December 11, 1871; Grace C. A., June 24, 1877; Joseph F .; April 6, 1879. In 1862, Mr. Meamber made a trip to Idaho, leaving his wife at Scott Bar. It was there he had the roughest experience of his life, on one occasion going from Florence to Long Bar, on Salmon river, on snow-shoes. It took him four days and nights to make the trip, during which time he was without food or shelter. In 1863 he came back to Cali- fornia, and has since remained. During the Modoc war he was overseer of the government pack-trains. He is a member of Owen Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons.
JOSEPH GRAY.
Joseph Gray is of Portuguese nativity, having been born in Florence, Portugal, in the year 1842. His father's name was Antone. Joseph lived with his parents in Florence until he was sixteen years of age, when, having caught the American fever, he crossed the intervening ocean and settled in Massachusetts. At New Bedford he worked at farming until he was twenty-one years old, when he took another long journey westward, by steamer, his destination being San Francisco. Upon his arri- val he proceeded directly to Siskiyou county, and engaged in mining at Yreka for two years. At this time he began dairying in Shasta valley, and con- tinned at the work until 1879, when he purchased the Evans' dairy farm, near Fort Jones, which he is now the possessor of. He thoroughly understands his business, and is making a success of it by care- ful management and persistent industry.
LITH BY C, L. SMITH. S.F.
FARM RESIDENCE OF NEUSCHWANDER JULIEN. 9 MILES SOUTH OF YREKA, SISKIYOU CO., CAL.
٨ـ
13
Number of white children between five and seven- teen years of age.
Total number of census children between five
Number of children be- twe n five and seven- teen years of age, who have attended public schools at any time dur- ing the school year .. .. Number of children un- der five years of age ..
attended πιοί school at any time dur- ing the school year .. Number of children be- tween five and seventeen years, who have attend- ed only private schools at any time during the school year
have
Number of children be- tween five and seven- teen years of age, who
No. of schools in District.
Total number enrolled ..
Average number belong-
longing .. ..
Percentage of attendance on average number be-
school was maintained.
Number of
Total Expenditures
Total Receipts
houses, and furniture. .
Valuation of lots, school
Valuation of school li-
Valuation of school ap-
Berryvale . .
10
11
21
21
18
3
1
1
13
8.8
84
6
1
1
484 00 8
547 72 $
95 $
50
Black Bear.
10
10
20
20
16
16
1
3
1
1
12
84
7
1
1
613 66
623 04
35
20
Bogus . . .
14
14
28
34
15
26
S
1
1
31
21.5
94
1
1
1
843 25
869 69
400
150
Butteville .
21
14
35
35
13
24
11
1
1
28
22
85
6
1
528 25
585 17
1,000
175
40 60
Callahan's ..
35
26
61
28
46
1
1
5S
1
530 75
575 60
1,000
200
90
Cedar Park.
17
10 20
41
41
21
37
1
1
45
1
1
521 25
538 79
350
50
Cottage Grove.
12
11
23
23
8
13
1
1
10
9.7
99
6
1
1
517 95
527 82
300
55
20
Douglas. . .
19
23
42
42
20
29
1
1
36
18.5
85
6
1
1
547 35
548 75
1,200
175
60
East Fork.
S
5
13
13
1
11
2
1
6
5.5
94
6
427 25
460 11
500
100
50
Etna. . .
53
59
112
112|
61
2
1
1
75.3
S1
6
1
1,079 87
1,087 30
1,200
250
100
19
15
34
34
23
6
1
31
17.3
89
496 25
542 63
250
96
24
1
1
2
16
12
1
1
15
14.5
94
501 75
529 45
100
25
20
Foothill.
15
23
38
38
8
29
1
1
25
13.2
85
1
1
476 50
527 71
200
20
20
Greenhorn
19
38
38
13
25
1
39
34
87
629 16
634 29
300
50
40
Hamburg Bar.
13
12
25
25
15
7
1
19
15
90
1
527 50
543 70
100
37
30
Hawkinsville.
36
59
95
95
38
76
1
1
04
45
95
809 74
1,089 83|
1,000
125
30
Hooper. .
13
17
30
31
9
I
26
18
96
497 01
497 01
200
85
50
Kidder Creek.
7
17
17
7
1
1
11.7
96
411 00
414 63
200
25
...
17
19
36
36
11
1
22
15.6
361 02
610 38
200
75
60
18
25
43
43
22
1
28
20.4
549 25
556 54
200
225
50
51
45
96
96
40
2
1
80
55
93
931 05
1,102 03
2,800
175
75
Meamber. .
16
23
39
40
11}
27
13
1
35
24
1
584 25
675 62
300
100
60
10
13
23
24
9
16
8
16
13
77
6
1
543 80
554 66
250
110
40
6
=
17
17
2
16
1
13
9
1
405 00
548 79
550
75
50
10
8
18
20
10
16
1
1
14
S
1
1
537 13
561 44
200
50
20
24
29
53
53
24
1
1
58
34
90
6
1
523 38
552 56
400
100
25
Quartz Valley.
12
20
23
21
4
S
1
1
11
9.4
95
572 00
610 09
300
100
27
38
37
75
75
33
58
1
1
55
42
00
6
1
1
538 72
539 67
1,600
460
50
14
13
27
27
12
14
17
10.5
93
334 75
798 83
50
100
50
32
28
60
60
221
47
57
48
97
1
565 25
592 07
1,200
200
50
Scott Valley.
72
61
133
133 11
8
7
1
7.2
80
1
346 25
521 78
300
150
60
10
S
18
18
7
16
1
19
15
94
1
503 25
529 19
300
100
50
30
23
53
54
27
31
36
26
97
1
1
529 50
583 09
539 58
75
50
Vineland ...
9
4
13
13
4
9
1
1
13
11.7
97
1
1
595 50
614 97
2,000
40
30
Washington.
20
26
46
46
15
41
1
1
46
37
78
1
1
609 82
652 25
1,900
150
60
Willow Creek
S
20
20
6
16
4
1
1
24
18
95
1
1
574 90
574 90
400
150
50
Yreka.
142
148
290
300
211
37
52
4
2
1
212
179
96
]
3
4
3,003 13
3,003 13 1,2000
400
500
Totals.
893 1927 1820 1860 759
1,413
63
384
47
19
28
11523/1, 138 Av. 90 Av. 63
24
23
28
19
$25,355 67 $28,250 43 $36,750 $5,208 $2,351
4
22
1
1
2S
6
1
457 60
526 14
500
175
50 25
Cottonwood .
21
2
2
.
42.5 19.5 37.3
90
6
92
6
10
13
.
1
92 28
3
17
106
6
1
1
Forks ..
12
4
6
1
1
19
13
1
6
1
1
6
1
29
2
6
1
1
6
1
1
25
1
85
6
1
1
32
1
83
7
1
1
2
33
1
1
1
1
1
92
8
1
1
1
1
1
6
34
6
48 16
1
11
7.5
92
33
323 50
665 61
400
150
70
Salmon River.
3
10
13
13
5
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
2
124
93
1
1
2
1,013 13
1,193 87
100
200
25
Shasta Valley.
3
7
10
2
1
1
1
1
1
15
12
88
1
1
514 00
1,500 400
100
60
Union . .
6
9
15
15
4
Number of new districts organized, 1; number of school-houses built of brick, stone or adobe, 2; number of school-houses built of wood, 39; number of new school-houses erected, 3; average monthly wages paid to male teache s, $77; average monthly wages paid to female teachers, $65; number of teachers who are graduates of the California State Normal School, 0; number of teachers who are graduates of any other State Normal School, 3; number of teachers who hold life diplomas, 8; number of teachers who hold State educational diplomas. 10; number of teachers who hold county certificates-first grade, 28; number who hold county certificates-second grade, 19; number of teachers who attend County Institutes, 37; number of teachers who subscribe for some educa- tional journal, 35; salary of county superintendent. $700; rate of county school tax levied October, 1880, 23c .; county assessment roll of taxable property for 1880, $3,715 557; amount received from county tax, $8,602.94; number of certificates granted to male teachers, 5; number of certificates granted to female teachers, 4; number of certificates renewed, 2; number of applicants rejected, 10.
97
NAME OF DISTRICT.
Boys. Girls. Total.
and seventeen years ..
Grade of Schools.
Sex of Teacher.
Grade of teach- er's certificate.
months
Male.
Female.
First.
Second
Gram.
Prim.
ing ..
hraries
paratus.
HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
0000000000 6 6 6 7 6 6 63
1
52
119
14
1
1
95
4
1
9
1
South Fork ... Table Rock. .
3
15
1
3
. .
1
Scott River. .
13
1
Moffitt Creek.
1
Mount Shasta ..
1
Oak Grove.
Oro Fino. . .
S
1
1
1
Sawyer's Bar.
17
1
10
13
4
16
Klamath.
Lincoln .
Little Shasta.
61
9
6
18
1
6
1
19
1
1
1
Franklin ..
61 27
27
5
83
111 1 1
3
12
1
1
·
4
5
1
Sciad Valley.
1
.
98
5
300 $ 300
REPORT OF H. A. MORSE. SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS, FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1881.
98
HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
CHAPTER XIV. JOURNALISM.
MOUNTAIN HERALD.
THE establishment of a newspaper in the mount- ains was no easy task in the early days. Between Yreka and Shasta there was no road, and all sup- plies were brought over a rough and rugged mount- ain trail by trains of pack-mules, at an expense of fifty cents per pound. It was, then, no inconsider- able undertaking to bring the material of a printing office into the mountain mines and establish a paper. In the spring of 1853, Yreka, then two years old, was a town of vigorous growth. Business thronged her streets and prosperity perched upon her doors. A newspaper was more than a luxury, it was a necessity. Several citizens became security for the purchase of the material to the amount of $1,500, and an old press and the necessary material were brought over the mountains to Yreka, strapped upon the backs of mules, at the rate of fifty cents per pound for transportation. On the eleventh of June, 1853, the first number of the Mountain Herald was issued by Thornbury & Co., the proprie- tors being C. N. Thornbury, W. D. Slade, and S. F. Van Choate. It was a four-page, sixteen- column paper, the pages being only nine by sixteen inches in size. Small as it was, it was a great achievement for a little town over a hundred miles up into . the mountains. The paper was printed upon a little, old fashioned hand-press, which was claimed by its owners, as were half a dozen other presses by their owners, to be the one upon which the California, the first paper in the State, was printed at Monterey in 1846. This claim was never substantiated, and was based chiefly upon the fact that it looked as if it might have been; it was cer- tainly old enough. Van Choate soon retired; a larger press and new material were added to the office, and the paper was increased in size. The columns were conducted by Thornbury, who was the leading spirit. The paper was independent in tone, and prospered until 1855, when the Know- Nothing party threatened to establish an opposition. Rather than submit to the competition Thornbury and Slade sold the paper to Dr. J. Lytle Cummins, who represented J. W. A'Neal, H. G. Ferris, D. D. Colton, and J. Tyson. The paper was designed to be an organ of the Know-Nothing party, and in order to make a radical change the old name was dropped and it was rechristened the
YREKA UNION.
It had been published under its new name but a short time, having announced itself as independent, when A'Neal became dissatisfied and withdrew, on account of the leaning of the paper toward the Democratic party. He brought suit for damages in the District Court against his late partners, for fail- ing to make the paper an American organ, which suit was lost by a disagreement of the jury. The Union was then published as a Democratic paper by J. Tyson & Co., which political faith it has ever since maintained, and under the name of the Weekly Tribune still appears in the interests of that party. The paper was successively edited by George
Freaner, J. D. Turner and Calvin B. McDonald. In 1858 H. H. Brown and J. Tyson were the pub- lishers. For a time, in 1859, it was published tri- weekly, the weekly being continued. In the fall of 1859 the paper fell into the hands of D. Ream & Co., being conducted by George F. Price. It soon passed to H. K. White and Robert L. Tilden. In 1860 A. J. Starlings published it, and from 1861 to 1864 H. K. White. It was then published for short periods by William Page and George W. Hackett, by M. D. C. Houck, and by Hackett & Bassett. In 1865 it was purchased by a number of Democrats, among whom was Hon. William Irwin, and placed in that gentleman's charge, who conducted it with great ability until his election to the gubernatorial chair in 1875. In the winter of 1872-73, while Irwin was in his seat in the Senate at. Sacramento, the editorial pen was ably wielded by Thomas Merry. The publication was continued by J. W. Bird until April 3, 1880, when it was discontinued on the plea that it was unprofitable.
WEEKLY TRIBUNE.
In the month of May, 1880, the Union material was purchased by Rudolph Remme, and on the third of June appeared the first number of the Tribune supporting the Democratic party. R. B. Loos became interested in September, the firm name being Remme & Loos, but sold his interest to his partner in December, and withdrew from the firm. The paper contains thirty-two columns, and its pages are eighteen by twenty-four inches in size. It appears every Thursday, and is well filled with local news, selected miscellany, and advertisements. It also has a good job office. The zenith of its influ- ence was reached while under the editorial charge of Governor Irwin, ranking as one of the leading jour- nals of the State.
SISKIYOU CHRONICLE.
In May; 1856, having withdrawn from the Union, J. W. A'Neal began the publication of the Chron- icle in connection with S. P. Fair and Jonas Brown, A'Neal being the editor. For awhile it supported the American party, and then leaned toward the southern wing of the Democracy, with Captain W. D. Fair, husband of the notorious Laura Fair, as editor. Afterwards W. I. Mayfield and H. S. Stipp published it, followed by J. A. Glascock and C. N. Thornbury. In 1859 Mayfield again took the paper, J. W. Oliver editing the columns. September 24, 1859, Mayfield rented the office and material to J. Dumont & Co., and the Chronicle ceased to exist.
NORTHERN JOURNAL.
With the material of the Chronicle J. Dumont & Co. began the publication of the Northern Journal, the editorial department being under the charge of James M. Bassett, present proprietor of the San Francisco Golden Era. In 1860 the firm became Dumont, Fowler & Co., Bassett still being editor. Bassett soon after became both editor and publisher, and began issuing the
YREKA WEEKLY JOURNAL.
In the spring of 1861 the paper was again taken in charge by W. I. Mayfield, Joshua Trickel, and J. R. Curry, who owned the material and had leased
99
HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
it to the former publishers. They immediately com- menced the publication of the
SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL.
It appeared as an independent paper until July, 1861, when it was purchased by the present pub- lisher, Robert Nixon, who commenced and has con- tinued to issue a Republican paper. At that time the State was overwhelmingly Democratic, and the Republicans had but few newspaper champions, the Journal being one of the pioneers of the many that now give utterance to the principles of Republican- ism. It soon took a front rank and became the leading exponent of the new party in northern California, a position it has ever since maintained. Soon after the election of 1861 the issue was reduced to once a week, under the name of the Weekly Journal, the size being soon after increased. In 1862-63 the paper was again published semi- weekly-the exciting war times, the heat of political feeling, and the pressure of competition requiring this move to be made by both papers.
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