USA > California > Siskiyou County > History of Siskiyou County, California > Part 51
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the Senate of this State, which he did creditably. Was married September 12, 1864, to Miss Alice Augusta Belden, and on July 3, 1865, his son Henry B. was born, and on March 6, 1867, his daughter Nellie . Sophia was born, dying August 28, 1867. His wife was a native of Akron, Ohio, where she was born July 7, 1843, and died at Yreka, May 7, 1867. In 1876 the doctor was again married to Miss Lora Virginia Calhoun, daughter of David and Marie Calhoun. While in the Senate he was chair- man of the Hospital Committee, on Committee of Education, of Engrossed Bills, of Mines and Mining Interests, and made the first report ever made on Hospitals. He is a member of North Star Lodge, No. 91, at Fort Jones, and of Cyrus Chapter, No. 15, of which he has been High Priest. He is a member of the Council, of which he has been thrice Illustrious. Has been Master of North Star Lodge, and is an active member of Ieka Tribe of Red Men. In politics he has always been a Democrat. He says that he never went to bed but once on account of sickness; never knew from experience what a headache, toothache, or earache was. This is remarkable when we take into consideration the hardships he has endured while in the execution of his duties as sheriff and physician. It is said of him that he never was known to turn back or yield up a trip on account of snow or water, making some tedious and dangerous trips over the mountains. The Doctor enjoys the good-will and esteem of a large majority of his fellow-citizens. In his profession he has been successful. Is the inventor and successful user of what he terms " Glue Band- age," used in the setting of fractured limbs, a great improvement over many other methods, as many a poor miner can testify.
VIEW OF SODA SPRINGS.
"UNCLE DICK"MANNON & GEORGE CAMPBELL, PROPRIETORS. NEAR MT. SHASTA,SISKIYOU CO.,CAL.
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HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
ordered for the city, it was named " Siskiyou, No. 2," and offered to this company. The offer was declined, and the name was changed to " Klamath, No. 2," and a new company organized to receive it.
The following gentlemen have been foreman of the company since its first organization :---
1856, H. H. Riker; 1857, H. K. White; 1858, Samuel P. Fair, until reorganization in October, balance of year, H. D. Van Wyck; 1859, H. D. Van Wyck until July, George W. Myers; 1860, C. C. Higby; 1861, Henry Myers; 1862, A. R. Coryell; 1863, Charles Rogers; 1864, John Dugan ; 1865, G. W. Hackett ; 1866, Robert Nixon; 1867, James Vance; 1868, William McConnell ; 1869, William Stine ; 1870, B. F. Smith; 1871, W. W. Powers; 1872, J. T. Skinner ; 1873, E. Dudley ; 1874, Charles Clodi ; 1875, G. M. Lawton; 1876, Valentine Kee- fer ; 1877, J. G. Hallick till April, L. Rabille till July, B. F. Smith; 1878, Erskine Parks till July, Robert Nixon ; 1879, Robert Nixon ; 1880, Robert Nixon ; 1881, H. Kessler. The other officers for the current year are : Erskine Parks, first assistant; Archibald Nichols, second assistant; E. Dudley, treasurer; James Miner, secretary ; Britton Irwin and Robert Nixon, delegates.
The members of the company are twenty-nine in number :-
EXEMPT - Valentine Keefer, T. B. Davidson, Robert Nixon, James Vance, Charles Lebeau, E. Dudley, Charles Bonhardt, Adolph Winckler, John G. Hallick, B. F. Smith, J. M. Walbridge, W. W. Powers, Britton Irwin.
REGULAR-H. Kessler, John Maxey, John Lehners, Melvin Hovey, Erskine Parks, Otto Sippel, Dr. W. H. King, A. Zehnder, J. H. Sawtelle, James M. Miner, H. J. Carlisle, James M. Davidson, Archibald Nichols, Harry Schwatka, J. M. Powers.
The truck is kept in the engine house, corner of Miner and Third streets, where regular meetings are held the first Monday of each month.
YREKA ENGINE COMPANY, NO. 1.
The council having decided to buy an engine for fire purposes, in January, 1858, they were requested by Siskiyou Hook and Ladder Company, to permit them to take charge of the new machine, but the request was denied, it being thought desirable to forin a new company. A number of interested gentle- men held an informal meeting and prepared the fol- lowing petition, which was presented to the council :----
To the Hon. the Board of Trustees of the City of Yreka-Gen- tlemen :- The memorial of the undersigned respectfully sheweth, that they learn your Hon. Body have made arrangements for the purchase of a Fire Engine, for the better protection of our City against the ravages of fire. The want of a Fire Engine is plainly manifest to all, and the recent conflagration urges upon our citi- zeus the necessity of taking immediate action in the premises, and as an Engine, unless in the hands of a regularly organized associa- tion, is comparatively worthless; Therefore, we, the uodersigned, do hereby offer our services to your Hon. Body, to take charge of said Engine upon its arrival here and put the same in working condition, and do pledge our earnest endeavors towards the for- mation of an active and efficient Company to manage and work the same, and agree to conform to such general rules and regula- tions as may be hereafter adopted by your Hon. Body, and are customary between a volunteer Fire Department and the author- ities under which it acts.
We are, gentlemen, very respectfully, J. P. Smith, W. S. R. Taylor, F. M. Ranons,
C. Peters,
John O. Taylor, C. W. Tozer, Wm. S. Moses, Henry Pape,
C. Nickel, Henry Fried, J. Babb, John H. Van Pelt,
L. Autenrieth, Anson Goldsmith, Solomon Finch, Wmn. Baldwin.
YREKA, January 11th, 1858.
This petition inet with a favorable consideration, and on the twenty-sixth of February the company formally organized by adopting a constitution and by-laws, and selecting for its motto, "We strive to save." The new engine arrived early in the sum- mer, and was received with a procession of both companies and much rejoicing. The company has existed and done good service for twenty-three years, and still has its engine in splendid condition, ready for instant use. In 1864, the following was the roll of membership :- Walter Pitts, foreman; Ad. John, first assistant foreman; S. Wetzel, second assistant foreman; M. Miner, secretary; H. Scheld, treasurer; L. Autenrieth, E. Lauer, J. Martin, H. Pape, C. Peters, J. Robinson, J. Babb, F. M. Ranous, H. Ranous, A. E. Paine, F. E. Shimer, J. H. Drum- mond, Chas. Hoffman, A. P. Van Duzer, George Reyman, Zach. Gibbs, John Corley, W. Peters, T. D. Austin, C. F. Richards, C. H. Cole, T. Walker, L. Rosenberg, John Pashburg, L. Huseman, H. Deming, W. J. Paul, M. Philips.
CONTRIBUTING AND HONORARY MEMBERS .-- Chas. Iunker, G. C. Furber, M. B. Callahan, John Loag, H. E. Stimmel, W. Cham berlin.
The early records of this company cannot be found. Since 1876 the foreman have been :- A. B. McMillen, 1876-77; A. H. Burrows, 1878; George S. Jackson, 1879; Elihu Ranous 1880; George S. Jackson, 1881. The officers for the cur- rent year are :- George S. Jackson, foreman ; Frank Dumas, first assistant; Herman W. Scheld, second assistant ; John Pashburg, treasurer; W. H. King, secretary ; George S. Witherill and Samuel Magoffey, delegates. The list of members is as follows :-
EXEMPT-L. Autenrieth, Charles Bluhm, John S. Cleland, J. D. Caughlan, J. Clarkson, F. Dumas, W. Eichart, H. B. Gillis, Louis Huseman, W. H. Harrison, J. Martin, Sammuel Magoffey, Charles Peters, John Pashburg, A. E. Paine, Elihu Ranous, A. E. Raynes, Henry Scheld, E. H. Schofield, F. Stockslager, S. Wetzel, O. D. Witherill, George Witherill, George W. Webb, R. F. Young, W. T. Laird.
REGULAR-T. Jensen, A. H. Burrows, Charles Doyle, P. O. Lemay, P. A. Olmstead, George S. Jackson, L. A. Lash, Joseph Rice, W. J. Wallis, Frank Riley, George W. Bowen, H. W. Scheld, W. H. King, C. C. MeNulty.
Regular meetings are held the first Friday of each month, at the engine house, corner of Miner and Third streets.
KLAMATH ENGINE COMPANY, NO. 2.
At a meeting of the Board of Trustees of Yreka City, held December 19, 1859, about one year after the receipt of the first fire engine, the following order was passed :---
The president was directed to order from Hunneman & Co., Boston, another fire engine for the city, similar in all respects to the one now belonging to the city: also two detached, four- wheel hose carriages, alike in all respects; also six hundred feet of fire hose; and it was also ordered that, on receipt of the new engine, it be given in charge, through the chief engineer of the fire department, to the Hook and Ladder Company, No. 1, on
190
HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA,
the surrender by said company, to the city, of all the apparatus belonging thereto.
A special meeting of the board was held April 30, 1860, at which the following action was taken :-
Communication from Siskiyou Hook and Ladder Company, No. 1, received through their foreman, C. C. Higby, that upon taking a vote of the company, upon the reception of Engine No. 2, that the company respectfully decline the honor conferred upon them by the order of the control of said engine; they are attached to their hook and ladder carriage and apparatus, and prefer to remain with the same. The report was received and the said offer withdrawn ; and as the said engine had been named "Siskiyou," for said company to retain their former titles, and as it is not convenient to have two companies of the same name, the name of the engine is hereby altered to "Klamath, No. 2." being after the principal river of Siskiyou county, and the lake in which it takes its rise.
A petition for the control of said engine was then received from R. O. De Witt, John M. Runkle, R. Pfluger, A. Wetzel, D. Powers, B. Glaser, H. Otto, G. Gambel, M. Erlenbach, T. A. Whiting, M. Oppenheimer, P. Murray, J. Fellows, J. Bostwick, and Robert Lehman. Petition granted, and the company directed to organize during the present week if practicable.
The following is a transcript of the minutes of the meeting held to organize as above directed :--
YREKA, May 5, 1860.
In pursuance to an order passed April 30, 1860, by the Hon- orable Board of Trustees for the city of Yreka, requesting the organization and election of officers for Klamath Engine Com- pany, No. 2-
On motion, John M. Runkle was called to the chair, and R. O. De Witt appointed Secretary pro tem. Whereupon the Presi- dent proceeded to an organization by ordering an election of offi- cers, that being the first order of business. Whereupon John M. Runkle was nominated for Foreman; there being no opposition he was declared duly elected. Next in order was the election of First Assistant Foreman. Robert l'fluger was nominated; there being no opposition, he was declared unanimously elected. Next in order was the election of Second Assistant Foreman. Josiah Bostwick was nominated; there being no opposition, he was unanimously elected. Next in order was the election of Secretary. R. O. DeWitt nominated; there being no opposition, he was declared elected. Next in order was the election of Treasurer. M. Erlenbach was nominated; there being no opposition, he was declared duly elected.
The officers elected were assigned their respective duties. The Foreman appointed a committee on by-laws and constitution for governing the company. Joseph Fellows, M. Erlenbach, and R. O. DeWitt appointed said committee, with instructions to report at next regular meeting. There being no other business, the meeting adjourned, to meet on Tuesday the 5th June, 1860. R. O. DEWITT, Secretary.
On the eighth of May the foreman reported the organization of the company to the board of trus- tees, and Klamath Engine Company, No. 2, was then formally recognized as a portion of the fire department. $ The constitution and by-laws were adopted June 5th. The engine soon arrived and the company quickly prepared itself to render efficient service in case of fire.
The following is given "officially" :-
YREKA, June 6, 1866.
Regular meeting K. E. Co., No. 2 .-
Several members were present. The Foreman disappeared before calling the meeting to order. Waited for his return until we got powerful dry, and adjourned with a firm resolution to fine him for one keg of lager at the next meeting.
Adjourned.
SAM. PELLET, Secretary.
A careful search of the record fails to reveal any further information on the subject, but it is inti- mated by those who know, that he paid the fine in installments.
In January, 1877, an attempt was made to organ- ize a hose company of twenty boys, to be connected with this organization, but it was unsuccessful.
The following gentlemen have held the position of foreman :-
1860-John M. Runkle.
1861-Pembroke Murray.
1862-Pembroke Murray.
1863-Robert O. De Witt.
1864-William Irwin.
1865-John Hessenauer.
1866-John Hessenauer.
1867- John Uerlings.
1868-John Uerlings.
1869-Joseph Lang.
1870-John Uerlings.
1871-P. F. McManus.
1872-John Miller.
1873-Maurice Renner.
1874-Joseph Hager.
1875-Joseph Hager.
1876-Alexander Stewart, till June 7. John Uerlings.
1877-Alois Wetzel.
1878-Louis Nehrbass.
1879-P. F. McManus.
1880-John Miller.
Officers for 1881 are :- John Miller, foreman; Theobald Young, first assistant; George Fried, Jr., second assistant; Louis Nordheim, secretary; Henry Repp, treasurer; Nicolas Schlagel, and James T. Skinner, delegates. The membership of fifty is divided as follows :-
EXEMPT - John Miller, Theobald Young, Henry Repp, Nicolas Schlagel, Herman Duenkel, Claus Schnackenberg, Hugo Miller, Christian Schock, Louis Nehrbass, Jacob Hager, Alois Wetzel, William Thompson, George Fried, P. F. McManus, Maurice Renner, John Uerlings, John Foll, Charles Breton, William Duenkel, Paul Fuchs, Jacob Hansen, John Hessenauer, Adam Iffland, Melchior Meyer, G. A. Nordheim, F, Ringe, John Schneble, Amadie Tisso, John Walters, Jacob Schlitler, Robert O. DeWitt, George Maltzer, Henry Egbert, Samuel Pellet.
REGULAR-George Fried, Jr., Louis Nordheim, James T. Skinner, John Harmon, H. A. Morse, O. Stephenson, F. Clement, Nicolas Conner, Herman Schlagel, Eugene Germond, Augustine Dionne, Joseph Bradlock, Myron Carrick, Henry Herzog, George Otto, J. H. Adams.
Regular meetings held in the engine house on Miner street, the first Wednesday in each month.
MILITIA.
IN the militia organization of the State, made in 1855, it was formed into six divisions, composed of several brigades each. A major-general com- manded each division, and a full-fledged brigadier- general was at the head of each brigade. There were generals, field and staff officers enough to have commanded a hundred thousand men. Each gen- eral had his staff of colonels, lieutenant-colonels, majors, and captains, until military titles almost went begging for claimants. It took no great military genius to become a general; in fact, the more attention paid to politics and the less to mili- tary, the better were the aspirant's chances to receive a commission; and the commonest kind of
191
HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
a man could become a colonel or a major if he pulled the proper political string. To show how top-heavy this organization was, it will only be necessary to state that Butte, Plumas, Colusa, Shasta, Siskiyou, Trinity, Humboldt, and Klamath counties, the whole north end of the State, formed the sixth division, commanded by Maj. Gen. Patrick Harris; and Siskiyou, Trinity, Humboldt, and Klamath counties composed the second brigade, under the command of Brig. Gen. D. D. Colton. This brigade, besides its complement of staff officers, was composed of the overwhelming foree of one company of seventy-five men, the Siskiyou guards of Humbug City, commanded by Capt. William Martin. The fault was not that there were not companies enough, for there were all that the State required or could afford, but that the military system had been built up on such a gigantie frame- work, that the few little companies fell through the rafters; to have filled up the ranks to eorre- spond with the commissions, would have taken every able-bodied man in the State.
Early in 1856 Maj. Gen. John D. Cosby, of Yreka, assumed command of the sixth division, and was succeeded in December, 1859, by Maj. Gen. R. M. Martin, of Shasta valley. Brig. Gen. D. D. Colton was succeeded in the command of the second brigade July 5, 1861, by Brig. Gen. James T. Ryan, of Eureka. In 1863 there was a complete reorgani- zation of the militia system, and although the number of companies and the rank and file had largely increased. the field officers were materially reduced. Instead of six major generals there was but one for the whole State, and instead of two dozen brigadiers there were but six. The fifth brigade was composed of Butte, Tehamna, Shasta, Trinity, Siskiyou and Plumas counties, and was com- manded by Brig. Gen. John Bidwell, of Chico, from September 8, 1863, till the reorganization in 1868, when Brig. Gen. James C. Rolly, of Red Bluff, assumed command, to be succeeded April 1, 1873, by Brig. Gen. Charles Cadwallader, of Red Bluff, who still holds the position. Since 1868 there has been no com- pany in Siskiyou county belonging to the State militia.
There have been but few regularly organized mili- tia companies in the county, but a great many vol- unteer organizations have been formed at various times to punish Indians for ravages committed upon the whites, the composition of which, as near as it can now be ascertained, will be found in the accounts given of these expeditions, reserving for this place simply the regular militia organizations.
SISKIYOU GUARD.
The first militia company of Siskiyou county was organized December 6, 1855, at Humbug City, upon petition to R. L. Westbrook, County Judge, under the Act of April 25, 1855. The petition bears the names of sixty-one citizens of Humbug, nearly all of whom became members of the company, and in the absence of a roster, these names are given :- William Martin, James B. Holloway, A. M. Jones, James O. Harris, D. C. Ealls, E. B. Lovelace, Z. Hanes, Thomas Baker, Edward Flanegan, Denis F. Patrick, Henry Swanholm, W. W. Kentnour, Michael M'Namar, J. S. Waddle, Robert Davis, A.
M. Bayles, R. M. Dooley, E. L. Kneff, Peter Rine- hart, R. Johnson, J. Hager, W. J. Davis, E. D. Still- man, John W. Hammond, John Leard, H. H. War- man, John MeDermott, Thomas Merrill, H. F. McGraw, G. W. Cups, Philip Clark, Austin Haw- kins, William G. Rider, W. L. Pratt, Eli Lipe, J. M. Woodworth, T. B. Stillman, D. Moore, Z. T. Gibbs, V. Moore, C. Moffet, G. Moore, W. T. Partinson, J. R. Eaton, W. T. Settlemire, J. Young, S. D. Harrod, N. Grover, C. R. Carden, M. J. Austin, G. F. Dooley, William Fisher, J. W. Dooley, J. O. Brinn, Joseph Hanna, H. M. Petersen, Pearce Ratliff, Samuel Fos- ter, Isaae P. Frost, J. C. Jones. The officers chosen were :- William Martin, captain; James B. Hallo- way, first lieutenant; H. H. Warman, second lieutenant; John Leard, brevet second lieutenant; Z. T. Gibbs, orderly.
This company, with others organized for that pur- pose, composed the foree that went into the Modoe country the following summer, under the command of Maj. Gen. John D. Cosby, an account of which is given elsewhere. Soon after the return from this campaign the company disbanded.
SCOTT RIVER GUARDS.
This company was added to the fifth brigade on the twenth-sixth of January, 1856, being organized by D. A. Learned, appointed for that purpose by Judge Westbrook. The roster contained sixty-two names:
Captain-William H. Lytle.
First Lieutenant-Stanford Capps.
Second Lieutenant-F. G. Collins.
Third Lieutenant-J. T. Hunt.
Sergeants - Francis Qualey, Jeremiah Corbin, Samuel W. Childs, George G. MeLane.
Corporals-L. Brown, Daniel Winsor, Robert B. States, H. D. Mount.
Privates-F. Adams, L. Brown, S. F. Brown, W. L. Cain, Clinton Barney, James Cormack, P. B. Bur- gett, W. S. Chandler, E. L. Coldren, William Cooke, F. H. Dean, N. Daniels, Charles Farnham, Eben Farnham, E. H. Farnham, E. J. Fulton, C. A. Granis, W. R. Hurst, Augustine Haas, George L. Hays, W. G. Hardin, George R. Hill, S. A. Hawkins, Dennis Harkin, J. R. Hale, C. Jost, J. N. Jackson, T. Joice, John Rain, G. B. King, D. A. Learned, Anthony Lillis, J. H. Lindsay, C. Macauley, John MeLothin, Ichabod Newcomb, Joseph R. Pratt, L. Robins, A. F. Royer, Henry Roper, William Shorras, J. W. Stevenson, Henry Stier, D. T. Owens, W. N. Sam- son, G. M. Uspery, W. E. Wilson, John H. Warner, William B. Walker, Adam Wimep.
This company remained in existence several years and then disbanded.
SISKIYOU LIGHT GUARD.
This company was organized in Yreka October 14, 1861, with the following officers :-
Captain-George W. Chase.
First Lieutenant-A. E. Raynes.
Second Lieutenant-H. Wadsworth.
Brevet Second Lieutenant-Julius Brown.
Orderly Sergeant-H. L. Seward.
Second Sergeant-H. B. Warren.
Third Sergeant-S. M. Farren.
Fourth Sergeant-Walter Pitts.
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HISTORY OF SISKIYOU COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
First Corporal-J. Martin. Second Corporal-J. T. West.
Third Corporal-C. M. Gazley. Fourth Corporal-C. A. Thomas.
In this form the company existed for two years, and was then reorganized and mustered into the State service, June 20, 1863, as Company D, Fifth Brigade. When it thus became a portion of the regular militia organization of the State, the roster showed the names of many of the most prominent citizens of Yreka.
Captain-George W. Chase.
First Lieutenant-William Grow.
Second Lieutenant-Robert Baird.
Brevet Second Lieutenant -- C. C. Green.
Sergeants-A. P. McCarton, S. M. Farren, Walter Pitts, John Dugan, H. B. Warren.
Corporals-J. Churchill, David Ream, J. Humes, William Dunn.
Privates-T. D. Austin, J. L. Baker, E. J. Baxter, H. M. Bowman, A. V. Burns, E. Brotherton, C. E. Burrows, J. H. Drummond, H. J. Ehlers, F. E. Ensign, H. W. Farmer, J. A. Free, F. J. French, G. W. Hackett, W. H. Harrison, McD. Houck, J. H. Lammon, H. E. Lockhart, F. H. Longley, D. S. Mc- Clintock, S. L. McNeil, Robert Nixon, W. D. Page, L. Pool, F. A. Rogers, W. W. Skinner, J. P. Smith, A. J. Starling, F. Stockslager, T. N. Stone, J. T. West, H. K. White.
A year later; on the sixth of July, 1864, William Grow was elected captain, and J. Churchill, first lieutenant. On the eighteenth of July, 1865, Joseph F. West became senior second lieutenant, and J. H. Drummond junior second lieutenant. At this time the company was forty-five strong. The militia of the State was reorganized in 1866, and on the fourth of August the Siskiyou Light Guard was again mustered into the service with sixty-six men, and the following officers :- W. S. R. Taylor, captain; Robert Nixon, first lieutenant; J. H. Drummond, second lieutenant.
In 1868, there was a great reduction of the mili- tary force of California, and among other companies mustered out of the service was the Siskiyou Light Guard, June 6, 1868. This was the last militia company of importance in the county of Siskiyou.
SCOTT VALLEY GUARDS.
A military company was organized in Scott val- ley, June 24, 1863, with the following officers :-
Captain-D. H. Shaw.
First Lieutenant-R. S. Green.
Second Lieutenant-John T. Moxley.
Junior Second Lieutenant-Oliver Mathews. Sergeants-A. P. Van Duser, E. F. Horey, D. Gingher, J. Flock, Samuel Whitman.
Corporals -- P. Markey, I. A. Reynolds, A. Dutton, O. Crawford.
The company never progressed beyond the election of officers.
SISKIYOU GUARD.
March 25, 1876, this company was organized in Yreka, with sixty-six men. J. V. Brown was cap- tain; Charles Clodi, first lieutenant, and Charles Cornish, second lieutenant. It was not admitted into the State organization, and had but a brief existence.
CHAPTER XXIII. INDUSTRIES.
THE resources and industries of Siskiyou county are of three kinds, agricultural, mining, and manu- facturing. They, to a large extent, support and sustain each other, and were it not for the home market created and supported by the mines, agri- culture would never have been so fully developed, nor so ably sustained. Without a railroad the farm- ers of this county are thrown chiefly upon the home demand to furnish a market for their produce, and this the mining industry creates and supports.
As early as 1851 land claims were taken up in Scott and Shasta valleys, the first industry being the cutting of hay for the Yreka and Scott Bar market, as well as the grazing of cattle for a supply of beef. Near Yreka, in 1852, Alvy Boles raised a great many vegetables and a quantity of wheat, barley, and oats. In January, 1852, E. W. Conner packed from Reading's ranch thirty mule-loads of wheat for P. A. Heartstrand and Asa White, of Scott valley. The grain was bought of Major Read- ing for four dollars per bushel, and Mr. Conner received fifty cents per pound for packing, making the total cost thirty-four dollars per bushel. This wheat was put in the ground that spring, and the crop was sold that fall for eighteen dollars per bushel to other farmers. Grain that year was also procured from Oregon, and Boles sold barley and oats for seed, so that in 1853, all three of these cereals were raised in considerable quantity in Scott valley, and a few small crops in Shasta valley. The increase in the production of grain is well shown by the appended table. The quality of the
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