History of the Arkansas Valley, Colorado, Part 76

Author: O.L. Baskin & Co
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Chicago : O.L. Baskin & Co.
Number of Pages: 1080


USA > Colorado > History of the Arkansas Valley, Colorado > Part 76


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selves." But, with the hot blood of the South coursing his veins, he, with a party of com- rades, soon started across the plains to join the Southern forces, but were surrounded by Com- anches and Kiowas and all massacred.


Early in 1862, the writer, satisfied with the permanency of settlement in the Arkansas Valley, secured the services of a company, who, crossing the plains from Illinois in that summer, commenced the erection of the first flour-mill ever built in the State of Colorado, at Pueblo. Although laboring under every disadvantage conceivable, 'a three-story mill was built, equipped, and in a week would have been doing custom work, when it was accident- ally burned to the ground, parties owning it losing everything, even to clothing. The en- terprise was reluctantly abandoned in conse- quence of the disaster, till 1865, when a Mr. Jewett built a mill at Pueblo that is still at work.


During the summer of 1864, the continuous Indian troubles became more pronounced from the necessary withdrawal of troops to the front. Train after train was attacked, capt- ured and burnt by the red devils, who were often armed and led by emissaries from the South.


Consequent upon this, necessary supplies were often not obtainable at any price, the writer paying, on one occasion after some days' deprivation, $1 for a pound of salt-all that could be procured even at that price. In August, Jack Smith, the Cheyenne half- breed, son of John Smith, a Government in- terpreter, led a band of fifteen of the tribe to . a short distance below Pueblo, where, from an ambush, they attacked and captured a Government outfit of three wagons, with sev- eral soldiers, a Government blacksmith, his wife and two children. The soldiers were killed fighting while the wife and children were compelled to witness the husband and father tied to a wagon, inhumanly tortured, mutilated in a way too shocking to relate, and burnt with the wagon. The Indians, as they invariably do, then compelled the unhappy woman to, in their parlance, "pass over the prairie," every one of the fiends violating her in turn. The children, being in the way, were then brained by Smith, but the night


Samo Mc millen


567


HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.


following the wretched woman succeeded in suiciding by hanging herself to the lodge poles. By way of note, the writer, after the battle of Sand Creek, where Smith was taken prisoner during a charge on a rifle-pit occupied by In- dians, heard Smith confess to the above ac- count, and had the satisfaction of seeing him shot and instantly killed in his father's lodge by a soldier. . The occurrence above, and a rumor of a large band of Indians crossing the Fontaine qui Bouille a short distance above Pueblo, caused a stampede of all the settlers in the region to Pueblo, as fast as word could be gotten to them. The writer, having a large quantity of hewed timber, gave it to the general defense, and a stockade fort, 110 feet square and 12 feet high, with adobe bastions on opposite corners to permit enfilading fire, was built. Upon the hill in front of the First National Bank Block, a round tower, twenty feet in diameter and sixteen feet high, was built of adobes, with port-holes covering all the approaches to town. This tower, which would have been considered a great curiosity, was afterward torn down by a vandal named Jack Thomas, who had jumped the town site of Pueblo.


This state of terror existed several weeks, and nearly exhausted all the men, who worked and scouted all day and did picket duty at night, till orders were received from Wash- ington to raise and equip a regiment of cav- alry for 100 days' service. The able-bodied men, with scarcely an exception, immediately enlisted, and, under the command of Cols. Shoup and Chivington, went into a winter campaign of forced marches, resulting in the battle of Sand Creek, Tuesday, November 29, 1864, which gave, ever after, complete im- munity in this section from the attacks of In- dians who had always before been hostile and dangerous.


Not always, in those early days, was justice and all the belongings thereto administered upon by learned and ubiquitous magistrates. John Moran, who had been an able-bodied deck-hand upon a Mississippi steamboat, was elected Justice of the Peace. On one occasion, a couple who had fled from the cottonwood shades of the corn-lined banks of the Huer- fano, from an angry father, at night, in great


haste, called up the Squire. Crawling out of his blankets, barefooted, he ordered them to "catch hold of hands," and "Wud ye be promisin', in the presenceof God Almighty, to marry this girrul, an' if ye wud, my blessin' be on yez; " then stopped. The bride became uneasy, and told him that was not all. " Be- gorra it's mesilf that's done all I can fur yez." "Oh, no," she said, "you haven't married me yet." " Och, sure, an' I haven't. Will yez marry the spalpeen wid yez?" " Yes," she said. "Then," said he, " be afther gettin' out o' this, sure, you've got all yez come for now," and into his blankets he crawled, and was fast asleep in a minute.


ORGANIZATION OF COUNTY-ADVENT OF DISTRICT COURT.


Fremont County was organized and its boundaries established in 1862, by J. B. Cooper, Lewis Conley and Anson Rudd, who were appointed by Gov. Gilpin for that pur- pose. Anson Rudd was the first Sheriff elected under the new organization, and David Powell, the first County Clerk, and also first represen- tative in the Legislature.


LIST OF COUNTY OFFICERS TO PRESENT DATE.


County Commissioners-Jesse Frazer, B. F. Allen, Anson Rudd, Lewis Conley, S. D. Webster, Daniel Virden, James A. Toof, David Roop, John Locke, John V. Callen, A. Sartor, Jacob J. Risser, William J. Schoolfield, Ste- phen J. Tanner, Van Buren Hoyt, E. E. Utley, Allen Alexander, William Shepherd, Adam J. Hager (appointed by Governor), James E. Mc- Intire (appointed by Governor), James A. Mc- Candless (appointed by Governor), William H.Thompson, J. H. Harrison, Edwin Lobach, Joseph J. Phelps and Louis Muehlbach.


County Clerks-M. G. Pratt, from 1861 to 1863; Samuel M. Cox, from 1863 to 1867; John Wilson, from 1867 to 1881, present in- cumbent.


Sheriffs-Isaac F. Evans, December, 1861; Anson Rudd, June, 1862; Egbert Bradley, November, 1862; Joseph Irvin, October, 1863; James H. McCollum, October, 1864; same, January, 1865; James W. Fletcher, October, 1865; Joseph H. Macon, February, 1866; same, October, 1866; Charles Pauls, August,


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568


HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.


1867; Edward L. Taylor, April, 1868; same, November, 1868; Charles Pauls, February, 1869; Eli S. McNulty, September, 1869; Ben- jamin F. Gloyd, September, 1870; Jesse Rader, September, 1871; Frank H. Bengley, September, 1873; Benjamin F. Shaffer, 1877 to 1881, present incumbent.


Probate Judges-J. L. Gray, 1861; Gideon B. Frazier, April, 1865; same. December, 1865; William Locke, September, 1866; same, October, 1867; Gideon B. Frazier, January, 1869; William A. Hawkins, October, 1869; John H. Terry, September, 1871; William Lock, September, 1873; Samuel P. Dale, Sep- tember, 1875.


County Judges-Robert A. Bain, 1877; John H. Terry, 1880; Robert A. Bain, Jan- uary, 1881, present incumbent.


County Treasurers-J. A. Draper, Septem- ber, 1863; Egbert Bradley, August, 1864; William C. Catlin, October, 1864; same, Sep- tember, 1866; Benjamin F. Smith, August, 1867; same, September, 1869; Benjamin F. Allen, September, 1871; Thomas H. Craven, Setpember, 1873; same, September, 1875; Francis Hartwell, October, 1877; J. H. Har- rison, October, 1879, to 1881, present in- c ımbent.


School Superintendents - Hiram Morey, 1864; B. M. Adams, September, 1866; War- ren R. Fowler, from August, 1867, to Septem- ber, 1873; John D. Bell, September, 1873; James M. Hoge, September, 1875; Henry C. Hing, October, 1877; S. B. Minshall, October, 1879.


Assessors-Samuel E. Blair, 1862; un- known, 1863; Lewis Conley, 1864; James Henderson, 1865; M. M. Craig, 1866; Jo- seph H. Macon, 1867; William A. Stump, 1868; Ira H. Lucas, 1869; George W. Griffin, 1870; Thomas Virden, 1871; W. H. Hull, 1872; J. C. Baer, 1873; W. W. Remine, 1874; J. C. Baer, 1875 and 1876; Silvester A. Saf- ord, 1877; William Burch, 1878 and 1879; W. Hodgson, 1880; H. Clay Webster, 1881.


Surveyors- T. C. Wetmore, 1861, 1862 and 1863; Jesse Frazer, John E. Anderson, Sam- uel D. Webster, T. S. Brandegee, two terms; John F. Dodds, A. W. Puitt, T. S. Brande- gee, Jacob M. Hanks, H. Clay Webster, John M. Gilligan.


Coroners-J. J. Minor, E. J. Stanlick, H. M. Cramer, H. Clay Webster, James L. Hyde, 1881.


The following shows the increase in taxable property in Fremont County, as furnished by John Wilson, County Clerk:


Assessment-1871, $635,998; 1872, $930,- 958; 1873, $1,213,689; 1874, $1,364,695; 1875, $1,479,477; 1876, $1,564,657; (county divided in April, 1877; Custer County formed mainly from Fremont County; $629,101 as- sessable property cut off;) 1877, $935,556; 1878, $946,363; 1879, $1,262,070; 1880, $1,- 897,000; 1831, $2,129,253.


The following shows the increase in popu- lation:


Population of county, census 1870, 1,064 (which was before Custer County was cut off) population of county, census 1880, 4,730; population of Canon City, census 1870, 229; population of Canon City, census 1880, 1,848.


LIST OF HONORABLE GENTLEMEN WHO HAVE SERVED THE DISTRICT IN WHICH TREMONT COUNTY


IS LOCATED SINCE ITS ORGANIZATION .*


1861-Records do not show Fremont rep- resented in either house.


1862 -- Council, J. B. Woodson, Fremont, El Paso, Huerfano, Conejos, Costilla and Pueblo; House, no one credited.


1864-Council, J. B. Doyle, Pueblo, El Paso, Fremont, and Huerfano; House, S. D. Webster, Fremont.


1865-Council, Robert B. Willis, same dis- trict as last; House, Mills M. Craig, Fremont.


1866 -- Council, O. H. P. Baxter, district as before; House, William Locke, Fremont.


1867-Council, O. H. P. Baxter, same dis- trict; House, M. Mills Craig, same district.


1868-Council, B. B. Field, same district; House, Thomas Macon, same district.


1870-Council, George A. Hinsdale; House, William Shepherd.


1872-Council, J. Marshall Paul, Park, Lake, Saguache and Fremont; House, A. D. Cooper and J. G. Randall, same as Council district.


1874-Council, Jairus W. Hall, same dis- trict; House, Joseph Hutchinson, William A. Amsbury, same district.


*By Charles E. Waldo, Esq.


569


HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.


1876-Council, James Clelland, same dis- trict; House, J. Y. Marshall, I. N. Peyton, same district.


State Legislature of 1865-Senate, John W. Henry, Pueblo, El Paso, Fremont and Huerfano; House, D. P. Wilson, Fremont.


Constitutional Convention of 1865-D. P. Wilson, Fremont.


Constitutional Convention of 1876-Adam D. Cooper, Fremont.


STATE LEGISLATURES.


1877-Senate, James Clelland; House, Richard Irwin and Charles R. Sieber.


1879-Senate, Thomas C. Parrish, Fre- mont and Custer; House, William McLaugh- lin, James A. McCandless, same as Senate dis- trict.


1881-Senate, Parrish, held over; House, James A. McCandless, James J. Rowen.


SCHOOL STATISTICS.


The following is the report of the school population of the various districts in this county for the current year (1881):


NAME.


No. District


Male.


Female.


Total.


Canon


1


200


234


434


Florence.


2


82


29


61


Hardscrabble.+


3


...


...


24


Lower Four Mile.t.


4


...


...


41


Garden Park


5


10


7


17


Upper Beaver.


6


5


5


10


Upper Hardscrabble.


7


22


14


36


South Canon .*


8


...


...


66


Currant Creek


9


22


18


35


Texas Creek


10


29*


22


51


Lower Beaver


11


12


15


27


Dobe Creek.t


12


...


...


40


Tallahassee Creek.


14


14


.2.2


86


Cosl Creek


15


129


140


269


Hayden Creek


17


36


36


72


Middle Beaver


18


10


8


18


Yorkville


19


22


18


4.3


Grand Total


1103


HISTORY OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF COUNTY.}


It is impossible to give any accurate history of school matters in Fremont County, as the


+ Report of last year.


* Report of last year, but estimated at 75 this year.


#By Charles E. Waldo.


records of the County Superintendent's office only extend back to the year 1877, when Fre- mont County was divided and O. W. Lucas was appointed Superintendent. Whether Dr. Hoge, the Superintendent in office when Cus- ter County was organized, kept the old re- cords, or whether there were any old records, I never knew. The succession of Superin- tendents, as nearly as the same can be ascer- tained from the county records, is as fol- lows:


Hiram Morey, January 4, 1864; B. M. Adams, August 7, 1866; Warren R. Fowler, appointed August 26, 1867, and elected in 1869 and 1872; William Locke, elected in September, 1868, and held for one year; J. D. Bell, 1873 to 1875; James M. Hoge, 1875 to spring of 1877; O. W. Lucas, spring to fall of 1877; Henry C. King, 1877 to 1879; Sam- uel B. Minshall, 1879 to 1881, present incum- bent.


Mr. Lucas' record, in 1877, shows sixteen school districts then existing in Fremont County, after Custer County had been taken off, to wit:


No. 1-Canon City and its immediate vicinity to the north and west.


No. 2-Florence and its immediate vicinity. No. 3-Below Florence, near the mouth of Hardscrabble Creek, known as Lower Hard- scrabble District.


No. 4-Lower Four Mile District, from east of Canon City incorporate limits, to and including the settlements, near the mouth of Oil Creek.


No. 5-Garden Park, on Oil Creek, some nine miles from its mouth.


No. 6-Upper Beaver Creek District, in northeast part of county.


No. 7-Upper Hardscrabble, near southeast corner of county.


No. 8-South Canon District, extending from the Arkansas River to the southern line of the county, since curtailed by the cutting off of District 19.


No. 9-Currant Creek, includes the region on Currant Creek, north and west of Canon City, District No. 1.


No. 10-Texas Creek, includes the neigh- borhood of Texas Creek Post Office.


-


No. 11-Lower Beaver, is on the east side


26


Pleasant Valley.t


13


...


570


HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.


of the county, near the Arkansas River, in- cluding Toof and Juniper Post Offices.


No. 12-Adobe and Newland Creek District, lies south and east of Coal Creek.


No. 13-Pleasant Valley District, includes the upper end of Pleasant Valley.


No. 14-Tallehassee Creek District is a large region, mostly north of the Arkansas River, in the western end of the county.


No. 15-Coal Creek District, includes the immediate vicinity of Coal Creek Village, and is the most populous district out of Canon City.


No. 16-This was a small district on Oil Creek, which has since become disorgan- ized.


Since then, three districts have been organ- ized, to wit:


No. 17-Hayden Creek District, includes the lower portion of Pleasant Valley.


No. 18-On Beaver Creek, around Glen- dale Post Office, called Middle Beaver Dis- trict.


No. 19-Galena and Yorkville District, in- cluding those two thriving mining camps on the southern side of the county.


Several years ago, School District No. 1, Canon City, owned Lot 16, in Block 10, where the Cincinnati Saloon now is. Some time among the earlier seventies, that site was ex- changed for a site in Harrison, Rockafellow & Macon's Addition, in the block where the railway depot now is. The late George Rock- afellow and his associates on the School Board, made strenuous efforts to build a schoolhouse there, in 1874, which was deferred for better times. For years, the schools of Canon City were held in rented rooms, and no schoolhouse was built. In 1879, the people voted unani- mously to issue bonds and build a school- house. The Board, in 1878, had exchanged their lots, then made worthless for school pur- poses by the proximity of the railway, for four lots on the corner of Seventh and A streets, and the citizens, perceiving that four lots made too small a site, purchased six more lots by a subscription, and donated them to the school district, and the present schoolhouse was built at a cost of $13,472.86, a repre- sentation of which will be found in this book. Over $1,700 has been expended in


furniture and apparatus. It will seat 328 pupils, and has rooms provided for six teachers, yet the growth of the town in the last two years has been so great that there is but little hope that the resident scholars in the district can be properly accommodated therein for the present year. The taxable property in the school district has increased from $529,000, in 1879, to $740,000, in 1881, and it is thought that the maintenance of a good school has much influenced the increase.


The South Canon District has a good brick schoolhouse, built several years ago, which they have lately furnished in the best of style. With regard to the other districts in the county, they are fully up to the standard of similar schools throughout the State.


FIRST DISTRICT COURT.


In the spring of 1863, the People's Court was quietly laid to rest, when the more pon- derous machinery of the District Court, under a Territorial organization, was set up and put in running order, with Judge Hall as Chief Engineer. The Judge's first official act was the cause of his future unpopularity, and was taken almost as an insult to the peo- ple. It was in the appointment as Clerk, of one Dr. J. C. W. Hall ("Alphabet Hall" as he was called), who was what is known as a "dead-beat." The appointment was so obnox- ious to the people that they notified the Judge that, unless he reconsidered the ap- pointment, the mandates of his court would not be obeyed. However, they compromised with the Judge, which was, that the Clerk was permitted to serve that term only, after which he must "skip." The court then proceeded to organize; but the Judge was so mortified at his reception amongst us, that he did not put in a second appearance, and soon left this broad judicial field for some small inclosure east of the Mississippi River, better suited to his tastes and talents.


Following Judge Hall's unpopular court, was the advent of Judge Allen A. Bradford, afterward twice delegate to Congress from Colorado. Judge Bradford's court was as popular here as Judge Hall's was unpopular. Judge Bradford stands high socially and in the legal profession. He was not a carpet-


-


John In formler


573


HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.


bagger from some of the older States, provided with an office as a reward for pot-house polit- ical services. He is a thorough Western man, and did not think he was coming amongst semi-barbarians, when he came to Pike's Peak. This was the first term of court of any importance held in Cañon. There was a very important mining suit tried, from Gilpin County, and all the principal lawyers of the Territory were here. For a week or so, the town was full of strangers, many of them dis- tinguished, and things commenced to look once more as though we were not always to remain the "Deserted Village." The Judge is now quietly enjoying private life in Pueblo, successfully practicing law, and "living under his own vine and fig-tree."


The blight of war over the land, and especi- ally over the Arkansas River Route, caused Cañon to be almost deserted, and, in 1863,- the town record of the second and legitimate town company was placed in the hands of A. Rudd, by the last of the " bloated corpora- tion," he being at that time considered as likely to be the only permanent citizen of Cañon City, on account of his supposed inability to command means to accomplish his exit.


An oppressive silence hung over the once busy town like the gloom of a pall. There was scarcely a ripple of visible life to disturb the profound solitude that reigned supreme. The strife and turmoil of men in their efforts to gain another dollar, or to obtain one more corner lot than his neighbor, frequently going so far as to bankrupt themselves, had all ceased. All had to yield to the inevitable, and they quietly gathered up what little they had not squandered of their means, folded up their tents and stole away, in quest of some more auspicious field in which to recuperate. Had it not been for the substantial monuments left behind in the way of stone houses, etc., the oppressive stillness would have suggested a primeval condition of things, only that the evidences of civilization surrounding us in- tensified the feeling.


For days, weeks and months, the few that remained wandered about the streets, seem- ingly bewildered and objectless. The advent of any vehicle bringing strangers caused more excitement then, than the coaches of


Barlow & Sanderson, or the railroad, or Cole's Circus-the first that ever appeared in Canon -May 15, 1879.


ENTERING THE TOWN PLAT.


The first town company remained in pos- session of the location only a few months. Failing to perfect their organization, the town site was jumped in April of the following spring. This company remained in posses- sion until 1864, when the last one of them abandoned it, with the remark that Canou had "gone up," and advised everybody to leave it to the possession of its former owners, the In- dians.


A short time after this, a survey was made by the United States of all the land in the townships which were supposed to be available, and this included the town site of Canon City. It was then pre-empted by Benjamin Griffith, W. C. Catlin, Jothan Draper, Augustus Macon and A. Rudd, who deeded lots on which there were any improvements, to the former owners, when requested by them or their agents to do SO.


The few incidents that occurred during the Rip Van Winkle sleep that Canon City in- dulged in for the next five or six years, afforded meager material for a history. As the years went by, persons going West, with their ox- teams freighted with the rudiments of civil- ization, would occasionally discharge amongst us some (to us) nondescript article, which would serve as a nine days' wonder, or until something of a more local or exciting charac- ter would put in an appearance and attract our attention. Among the important items which absorbed our attention were rumors of the threatened invasion of railroads, com- mencing with the Kansas Pacific, and followed in their order with the Denver & Rio Grande and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe.


The most exciting of our local items were generally made up of rumors of Indian inva- sions. Sometimes it would be the Utes, and then the Arapahoes and the Cheyennes; and, as each of the tribes claimed the ground on which Canon was built, we naturally felt a little anxious about the time we might get a notice from either one or the other to vacate the premises. But as the Utes were at war


574


HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.


with the other two tribes, we felt sure of an ally in the opposite tribe, should either one serve a writ of ejectment. Rumors of the hostility of each tribe would become current about three times on an average each year; and, when we thought the evidences of their hostile intentions were of such a character as to warrant any precautionary measure, we gen- erally corraled our women and children in one of the most eligible, vacant stone houses in town, of which there was a number, and awaited results; in the meantime, one or more of us would scout the surrounding country for a "sign," in order to sooner determine our situation and relieve our families from confinement. But, although the Indians were, for years, our only neighbors, and vis- ited us frequently by hundreds, often staying for weeks amongst us, yet beyond several scares, minor thefts and a vast amount of beg- ging, they did us no damage. In fact, they were not so great a nuisance as the tramp tribe of civilization, for they would always give you a good "swap" for almost anything that could be worn or was edible.


SIGNAL MOUNTAIN-FIRE TELEGRAPHS.


We were nearly always warned of the ap- proach of Arapahoes and Cheyennes by a sys- tem of telegraphy practiced by the Utes. This was by signal fires, built on the most prominent peaks of the mountains bordering on the plains. The principal ones were Long's, Pike's and Spanish Peaks, and Green- horn and Signal Mountains; but the only one accessible to our vision was the latter, situ- ated about twenty miles north of town, the name of which has been changed by some vandal to Mount Pisgah .* But the old in- habitants cling to its baptismal name (" bap. tized in fire"). This oracle was often con- sulted, especially when there was an antici- pated raid from the plain tribes.


* Some years ago there came to the mountains a squad of stu- deote, in charge of their "Profa." from Harvard University, ex- pecting, like Columbus when he discovered America, to take possession of the great Soowy Range, together with all its " dips, spurs and angles," in the name of their schoolhouse and school- masters, and were impudently foolish enough to try to fuist their names on the different peaks and other wondere and curiosities of the country-ignoring the present namire, which, in most inerancea, were in booor of come old pioneer, or from some important event or peculiarity of the place, making it applicable. It is said that for a long time it was a subject of dicuecion among them whether or not they would name Denver in honor of the President of their college, and change the name of Pike's Peak and call it after their Presi-


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