USA > Connecticut > Fairfield County > History of Fairfield County, Connecticut : with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 135
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WASHINGTON CHAPTER, No. 24, ROYAL ARCH MA- SONS,
was instituted by virtue of a charter granted by the Grand Chapter of Connecticut, May 10, 1827. Its number was then 25, but was afterwards changed to 24. It has always been located in Norwalk. The following companions have held the office of High Priest : 1827, 1846, Henry Selleck; 1828, Phineas Miller (died in office) ; 1828-46, William J. Street ; 1847-49, Elijah Gregory; 1850-52, James Stevens ; 1850, Edwin Hoyt; 1850, John A. McLean; 1853-59, George F. Daskam; 1856, Samuel Lynes, M.D .; 1857, 1861, 1864, William W. Storey; 1858, 1860, Asa Smith; 1862, Albert H. Wilcoxsen; 1863, Ed- ward P. Weed; 1865-69, Stephen Merrill; 1870-76, Augustus C. Golding; 1871-72, Robert M. Wilcox; 1873, George W. Smith; 1877, William A. Sammis; 1878-80, William Randell Smith.
CLINTON COMMANDERY, No. 3, KNIGHTS TEMPLARS, and appendant orders, was instituted by a dispensa- tion from De Witt Clinton, Grand Master of Knights Templars in the United States, bearing date Feb. 9, 1827, to be located in the town of Washington, Litch- field Co. In the year 1847 it was removed to Nor- walk, where it has since been located. Clinton was one of the three encampments (as then called) which formed the Grand Encampment of the State, Sept. 13, 1827. Two commanderies which have since been formed from it are Hamilton, No. 5, of Bridgeport, May 10, 1855, and Crusader, No. 10, of Danbury, March 21, 1871.
551
NORWALK.
The following is a list of Sir Knights who have held the office of Eminent Commander from its or- ganization, in 1827, to the present date (those marked with a star are deceased) : 1827-47, Daniel B. Brins- made ;* 1847-53, James Stevens ;# 1853-61, George F. Daskaın ;* 1861-66, 1868, 1870, 1874, William W. Storey ; 1867, 1873, Asa Smith; 1869, David M. Lane ; 1871, 1876, Augustus C. Golding; 1872, James W. Storey ; 1875, David Pollard; 1877-78, Edwin Hoyt; 1879, G. Ward Selleek ; 1880, Dwight Waugh.
WASHINGTON COUNCIL, ROYAL AND SELECT MASTERS,
was chartered by the Grand Couneil of Connecticut, May 10, 1849, the first three officers being James Stevens, John A. MeLean, and Henry W. Smith. It has always held its meetings in Norwalk.
OUR BROTHERS' LODGE, I. O. O. F.
The following history of this lodge is taken from an historical address delivered by Dr. Asa Hill in October, 1871 :
"On the 19th of October, 1842, the R. W. G. D. M. George Walters, as- sisted by R. W. Grand Warden Gibson London, P. G. Wilson, P. G. Ste- vens, of tho Grand Lodgo of tho State of Connecticut, together with a number of Brothers from Pequonoc Lodge, No. 4, of Bridgeport, pro- ceeded to institute this lodge, under the namo of 'Our Brothers' Lodge,' No. 10, I. O. O. F., and in ample form delivered to the lodge a charter for the same. The names of the charter members were as follows: Cholwell J. Gruman, Asa E. Smith, Stephen Olmstead, R. S. Pennoyer, and J. Taylor Hunt. Tho first officers of the lodge wero as follows: C. J. Gruman, N. G .; Asa E. Smith, V. G .; Stephen Ohinstead, Sec .; R. S. Pennoyer, Treas. The first batch of candidates initiated were as follows: Samuel R. Bunting, George W. Raymond, Eli K. Street, Wm. E. Bissell, Eli Curtis, R. Osborn, E. Donnelly, and HI. Ray. These persons wero severally appointed to fill the subordinate offices, and the lodge, thus duly officered, commenced a singularly prosperous career, the twenty- ninth anniversary of which we this evening celebrate.
" The first lodge-room was but a small affair, located in Olmstead's Block, in Main Street, yet it answered the necessities of the case suffi- ciently well. Tho furniture was simple and plain, and the brothers, warm in their 'first love,' were content to work and wait until the ac- cession of greater numbers and more ample means allowed them to im- prove and expand their borders.
" After a while the place became too strait for them, and the lodge- room was enlarged and to some extent embellished. This room served us for a number of years, and nntil tho Gazette building was erected, when we transferred our headquarters to our present beautiful lodge- room. It is a matter of no little interest thus to recall the leading facts of our early history and mark the course of our onward progress. It was in this old lodge-room that many of our most substantial and worthy members were initiated into the order, and it is still fragrant with pleas- ant associations. It is within tho memory of tho speaker when the death of the first Odd-Fellow made our little band so sad and tonched the springs of sympathy in all our hearts, and an Odd-Fellow's funeral was for the first time in this town witnessed by our peoplo.
" Primarily to Brother C. J. Gruman more than to any other person are we indebted for the organization of this lodge. Ile expended his time and money lavishly to get the lodge in working order. Ilis zeal was tireless, his attendance regular and uniform, and the ardent im- pulses of his nature found abundant room for their exercise in the growth and expansion of the brotherhood. Indeed, tho very namo of 'Our Brothers' Lodge,' at once so beautiful and suggestive, I believe, originated with him.
" We mention his namo in this connection with special prominenco because we are enjoined in that good old book that wo all cherish as tho guide of our lives to render 'honor to whom honor is dne.'
" It is to him also, more than to any other member of our ordor, that we are indebted for the existonce of an additional branch, known as Kabaosa Encampmeut, No. 9. Tho petitioners for this oncampmeut
charter were Cholwell J. Gruman, John G. Quigley, Wmn. H. Cleveland, Henry W. Smith, James A. Quintard, and Peter L. Cunningham. Two of the persons whose names were appended to this petltlon have since deceased, to wit: John G. Quigley and Win. H. Cleveland."
The present number of members (Sept. 27, 1880) is two hundred and seventy-cight; funds on hand, eleven thousand six hundred and sixty-four dollars.
THE NORWALK FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY.
This company has a capital of one hundred thou- sand dollars, and is officered as follows : President, William C. Street; Secretary, George R. Cowles ; Treas- urer, Samuel Lynes. The following is the board of directors : William C. Street, Asa Smith, G. G. Bishop, E. S. Tweedy, Samuel Lynes, M.D., Stiles Curtis, Wil- liam S. Lockwood, E. B. Bennett, A. E. Smith, S. E. Olinstead, E. C. Bissell, John Osborn, F. S. Wild- man, G. R. Cowles, D. P. Nichols, S. Y. St. John, D. M. Marvin, D. P. Ely, Henry I. Hoyt, and George B. St. John.
JUDGES OF PROBATE.
The following is a list of the judges of Probate of the district of Norwalk :
1802-15, Taylor Sherman ; 1815-18, Clark Bissell; 1818-28, William M. Betts; 1828-35, Benjamin Isaacs; 1835-37, Stephen Smith ; 1837-38, William St. John; 1838-42, Benjamin Isaacs; 1842-43, Cyrus A. Mead; 1843-44, George A. Davenport; 1844-45, Benjamin Isaacs ; I845-46, Sidney B, Beardsley ; 1846-47, George A. Davenport; 1847- 49, Thomas B. Butler ; 1849-50, Orris S. Ferry; 1850-78, George A. Davenport ; 1878, Asa B. Woodward,
BOROUGHI OF NORWALK.
The borough of Norwalk was chartered on the first Wednesday in May in 1836. The first officers were elected July 11, 1836, as follows : Warden, Joseph W. Hubbell; Burgesses, William S. Street, Matthias Hub- bell, Stephen T. Brewer, Stiles Curtis, Levi Clark, and Timothy T. Merwin ; Treasurer, Charles Thomas ; Bailiff, James Stevens; Haywards, Levi Clark, Jason Merrill, William Cleveland, Richard Camp, Daniel Nash, Robert Cameron, John Wasson, Lewis Whit- ney, and James S. Kellogg ; Pound-Keepers, Eli San- ford, Nathan Jarvis, Matthias Hubbell, and Bueking- ham Lockwood; Inspector of Coal, Wood, and Hay, James Stevens; Inspector of Grain, Edwin Lockwood; Inspector of Butter, James Porter.
The present offieers of the borough (cleeted Dee. 1, 1879) are as follows : Warden, James W. Hyatt ; Bur- gesses, George B. Cowles, Charles C. Betts, Homer Merrill, Darius W. Couch, John Keena, and Frank Street ; Borough Treasurer and Treasurer of Water Fund, Robert B. Crawford; Collector, Elbert Curtis ; Bailiff, James Finney ; Board of Registration, George N. Ells and Jacob Turk ; Inspectors of Elections, Charles H. Wheeler, John A. Honneker; Water Com- missioners, Augustus C. Golding, Winfield S. Moody, Isaae Selleck, Jr. ;* Clerk, Joseph F. Foote ;+ Chief of Police, John O. Sullivan; Policemen, Daniel J. Bennett and William Sheldon.
* Appointed rice Carlysle T. Weeks, resigned.
+ Officiated for nino successive years.
552
HISTORY OF FAIRFIELD COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.
The first fire inspectors elected after the organiza- tion of the borough were Charles Isaaes, Henry Sel- leck, aud Gould D. Jennings.
FIRE DEPARTMENT .*
The present fire department of the borough is a vol- unteer one, and consists of a chief engineer with two assistants, one engine, one hose, one hook-and-ladder, and one fire-police company. The apparatus consists of one steam fire-engine, one hose-carriage, one hose- erab, two hose-jumpers, one hook-and-ladder truek with all its appurtenanees, and about nineteen hun- dred feet of good rubber hose. The companies aud apparatus are all in good serviceable condition.
The formation of the departinent for 1880 is as fol- lows: Chief-Engineer, Joseph B. Ells; Assistants, Royal L. Adams, Frank S. Faneher.
The companies are :
PHOENIX ENGINE COMPANY, No. 1, William Hands, foreman, with fifty members. This company was organized Dec. 15, 1858, and has been in eon- tinual active service ever since its formation. It first ran a second-class Sickles piano machine. In 1870 it was furnished with a second-elass steam fire-engine of Cole Brothers' make, with which it has done mnuch efficient and good service. At present the engine is held in reserve, by reason of the borough having a good and powerful supply of water through the pub- lic water-works; therefore at present the company runs a hose-crab on occasions of fire.
HOPE HOSE COMPANY, No. 3, F. Mckeon, foreman, has about thirty members. The company was organ- ized in the spring of 1859 as an auxiliary of Phoenix Engine Company, and assumed the name of Phoenix Hose Company, but changed its name to Hope Hose in 1877. The company run a handsome four-wheeled hose-carriage and two two-wheeled jumpers.
PIONEER HOOK-AND-LADDER COMPANY, No. 1, Edgar S. Wilcoxsen, foreman, has thirty-two members. It was organized in January, 1861. It runs a fine and handsome truck well supplied with ladders, hooks, etc.
THE FIRE POLICE, Capt. A. J. Meeker, numbers thirty men. Is a comparatively new company, having been organized to fill a gap long felt in the depart- ment,-viz., to protect and prevent the active firemen from being interfered with or crowded by the idle persons usually attracted to a fire, and also to handle and eare for any property necessarily removed from any burning building.
The department is a good and efficient one, and las proved its worth on many occasions. It is always prompt in answer to duty calls, and ever ready for hard, earnest work.
WATER-WORKS.
The movement to introduce a supply of pure and wholesome water into the borough of Norwalk was begun early in 1870. The General Assembly of the
State, of that year, was petitioned to grant authority to the borough to introduce water, and the represen- tatives of that year, and certain citizens of the borough, interested themselves in the proeurement of a charter for that purpose. The charter was approved July 15, 1870, containing a proviso that it should not be bind- ing upon the borough until accepted by a vote of the citizens of the borough at a meeting duly called for that purpose. A special meeting was held Aug. 24, 1870, and the charter for the introduction of water was accepted by a vote of three hundred and thirty- four yeas to sixty-five nays.
A special meeting of the borough was held Sept. 2, 1870, and Thomas H. Morison (re-elected Dec. 5, 1871), Samuel Lynes, M.D., and William K. James were elected commissioners, and Charles H. Street treasurer, of the water fund. At the same meeting, the borough, by vote, authorized the water commis- sioners to issue the bonds of the borough to the amount of one hundred thousand dollars to defray the expense of the introduction of water. It becoming evident to the commissioners that the above sum was insufficient, application was made to the borough for authority to issue the bonds of the borough to a larger amount, and on April 20, 1871, at a borough-meeting called for the purpose, it was voted to petition the General Assembly for power to issue the bonds of the borough to the amount of seventy-five thousand dollars addi- tional. The Legislature, at its May session, 1871, ac- cordingly amended the water charter of the borough, granting the necessary authority to issue the bonds of the borough to the amount of seventy-five thousand dollars additional, and the borough, in a special meet- ing ealled for that purpose July 1, 1871, voted to authorize the commissioners to do so. March 2, 1872, at a special meeting for that purpose, the borough voted to petition the General Assembly to pledge its eredit for an additional twenty-five thousand dollars. Power was granted by the General Assembly at its May session, 1872, to do so, and the borough, in special meeting for that purpose Aug. 17, 1872, voted to authorize the commissioners to issue the bonds of the borough for an additional twenty-five thousand dollars, making in all the sum of two hundred thou- sand dollars.
The water is unusually pure and wholesome. It is taken from the Silver Mine Brook, in New Canaan.
HORSE RAILROADS.
This road was chartered in May, 1862, with the following members: Asa Hill, Le Grand Lockwood, Edwin Lockwood, Samuel G. Blackman, Edward C. Bissell, Charles Isaaes, and Chester N. Carr. The first officers were: President and Manager, Le Grand Lockwood; Asa Hill, Secretary. The first directors were Le Grand Lockwood, Edwin Lockwood, Thomas D. Richards, Asa Hill, Samuel G. Blackman, Ed- ward C. Bissell, A. H. Byiugton, C. E. Lockwood, Levi Warner, elected September, 1862. The length
* Contributed by Joseph B. Ells.
553
NORWALK.
of track is two and a quarter miles, extending from Norwalk to South Norwalk. The present officers are: President and Manager, James W. Hyatt; Sec- retary, Edwin G. Iloyt; Directors, James W. Hyatt, Burr Smith, C. E. Hyatt, Edwin G. Hoyt, Hart Den- ton, Levi Warner, L. W. Sandefortlı.
MANUFACTURERS OF NORWALK.
According to the census ruling of 1880 the follow- ing is a list of all whose business amounted to five hundred dollars and upwards during the year 1879:
Box-Makers ( Wood) .- William E. Fitch, Chester F. Tolles.
Box-Maker (Paper) .- R. H. Rowan.
Box-Maker ( Cigar Boxes) .- Giles Hanlenbeek.
Boots and Shoes .- A. N. Hoyt & Co., Benedict & Co., H. S. Brown, M. Carew, C. H. Harvey, John Schaub. Carriage-Makers .- Mulling Bros., Edward Nelson, Jchiel G. Rockwell, E. Seymour, Henry Tilly.
Corsets .- Rotch & Goldschmidt.
Children's Carriages .- F. Boylston.
Cigars .- Hoyt & Olmstead, Alexander Lander, Norwalk Bridge Cigar Company, P. F. Shehan, Daniel H. Sims, Old Well Cigar Company.
Foundries (Iron) .- A. C. Arnold & Co., S. E. Olm- stead & Co., Lockwood & Wheeler, N. L. Austin. Foundry ( Brass) .- McMahon Bros.
Furniture .- John Bouton, William Lockwood, E. Quintard's Son.
Fur Cutters .- J. J. Arch, Martin J. Bates, Jr., R. H. Millard.
Gas .- Norwalk Gas-Light Company.
Granite- Works .- Philo W. Bates, Donnelley & Co.
Hatters (Fur) .- Adams Bros., Brown, Sherwood & Co., Benedict Bros. (G. & W. H.), Crofut & Knapp, John Judson, Smith & Palmer, A. Solmans, Frank A. Volk, S. Versoy.
Hatters (Straw) .- Beatty Bros., Dennis Dexter.
Harness-Makers .- P. H. Dwyer, Charles Miller, J.
F. Peckwell, J. F. Rourke, James L. Ferris. Hearse-Maker .- William Youle.
Hat-Bodies .- The Hat-Forming Company.
Ink-Manufacturers .- J. W. Pennell & Bro.
Iron Fenec .- Win. H. Duncan.
Iron- Works .- Norwalk Iron-Works Company.
Loeks .- Norwalk Lock Company.
Machinist .- John Cotter.
Machinists' Tools .- C. W. Le Count.
Marble Works .- C. J. Taylor, J. W. Cavanagh.
Mill (Saw- and Grist-) .- Allen Betts.
Mill ( Saw- and Wood-Turning) .- Henry F. Guthrie. Matches .- J. M. Rosc.
Paper-Mill .- J. E. Ells.
Pattern-Makers .- Thomas Village.
Printers .- Byington & Co., Golden Brothers, Nor- walk Printing Company.
Rubber- Works .- J. H. Buckley & Son.
Sash and Blinds .- E. F. Bates & Co., Raymond Johnson, Jr. 36
Sash and Blinds and Planing-Mill .- Burr Knapp. Shirt-Manufacturers .- Morison & Hutchinson.
Shoe-Manufacturers. - J. T. Cousins, T. Cousins, Lonusbury Bros. & Co.
Wood- Working .- George H. Rice.
Beer, Cider, Etc .- E. & W. Comstock.
Union Manufacturing Company (felt), The Louns- bury & Bissell Manufacturing Company (felt), Nor- walk Mills (cassimers).
THE NORWALK GAZETTE.
In May, 1800, a printer named Picket came to Nor- walk from Danbury and established the first newspa- per in Southwestern Connecticut. His publication was about the size of a modern sheet of letter-paper. It was a great novelty in the section about Norwalk, and a subject of discussion and interest all over the State. It was printed upon an old-time Ben Frank- lin Ramage press, with wooden platen, and requiring four impression-pulls for each paper; so that, almost literally, the more subscribers the paper had the worse its owner was off. Its few stray numbers now in ex- istence are curiosities indeed. The latest news from New York City averages ten days prior to date of publication. The latest intelligence from Washing- ton is a full month old, and the latest news from Eu- rope more than three months past its date.
In 1818, Roswell S. Nichols and Philo Price pur- chased the Picket concern. From that date to this the Gazette has been issued every week without a break, subject to frequent changes of proprietorship.
The new firm of Nichols & Price enlarged the Gazette to a paper nineteen by twenty-four, and con- tinued its publication some four years, when it was sold to their young apprentice, Seth W. Benedict. Mr. Price went to New York and started the Christian Messenger, and Mr. Nichols to Bridgeport (then New- field), to start or join in the publication of a paper there. Mr. Benedict, in 1832, sold it in turn to his apprentice, James Reed, and Benedict went to New York and started the Evangelist. Mr. Reed held it for about two years, and, desiring to go to New Orleans, disposed of his interest to Timothy T. Mer- win. Merwin, then a prominent lawyer in Norwalk, soon wearied of editorial drudgery, and sold it to William G. Hyer. Mr. Hyer, subsequently becoming an Episcopal clergyman, sold the paper to J. U. Am- merman, a brother-in-law of P. T. Barnum. Amll- merman soon sold to the late Judge Stephen Smith, and Smith sold, after a few months, to George Taylor. In 1839, Taylor sold it back to James Reed, who con- tinned its proprietor till January, 1848, when he sokl it to James H. Hoyt and A. Homer Byington. In July, 1849, Byington sold his interest to Hoyt, but in July, 1851, he repurchased the entire property, and soon after admitted Henry W. Hyatt to a part owner . ship. Hyatt was associated with Byington some three years, and then left the Gazette to assume the proprietorship of the Litchfield Enquirer. In April,
55£
HISTORY OF FAIRFIELD COUNTY, CONNECTICUT.
1858, Joseph B. Ells and George N. Ells became joint owners. From that date to the present (1880) the Gazette has been conducted under the firm-name of A. H. Byington & Co.
During the Gazette's long and cventful history, clergymen, lawyers, doctors, congressmen, and teachers have alternated as its editors. James Reed, now of the Ashtabula (Ohio) Telegraph, during his first owner- ship, employed the tlien Dr. Thomas B. Butler, who subsequently became Chicf Judge Butler, as his chief writer. Rev. Dr. Edwin Hall and his brother, Storrs Hall, gave the paper more or less editorial aid at dif- ferent times. The late United States senator Orris S. Ferry and Dr. Asa Hill were practically editors of the Gazette during the ownership of Hoyt. From 1851 to date its editorial and business management has been conducted entirely by the present firm of A. H. Byington & Co.
The Gazette proudly numbers among its past and present contributors articles from time to time from many of the finest writers and best thinkers in the country. It has always maintained a high character for newspaper enterprise and ability, and is widely known as one of the leading and influential journals of the State.
THIE NORWALK HOUR.
In 1869, B. W. Maples, a commuter on the New York and New Haven Railroad, was expelled from the cars of the company because he had mislaid his commutation ticket and refused to pay the single-trip fare demanded by the conductor under the regula- tions of the company. Because of such expulsion, he instituted proceedings against the company in the courts. The usual delays followed, and numerous newspaper articles favoring the company were pub- lished. Thinking there was something other than spontancity to account for such articles appearing just previous to each time fixed for a hearing of his case, Mr. Maples determined, on his own part, to ap- pcal to the press, and wrote a brief statement of the facts, which he sent to numerous newspapers; but all but one refused to print. He then decided to have a newspaper of his own, and tried to purchase one al- ready established. Not succeeding in this, on May 6, 1871, he issued the first number of The Westport Hour. The paper was issued bi-weekly for ten months, and has since been published on Saturday of cach week.
In December, 1874, Mr. Maples reached a favorable decision of his suit, and would have then discontinued the Hour had he not found, to his surprise, that its receipts excceded the expenses.
In 1873 The Hour was removed to Norwalk, and in 1874 The Westport Advertiser was consolidated with it, and the paper has since carried both names and is dated at Norwalk and Westport. It has reached a large circulation. Mr. Maples is still its editor and manager. It is thoroughly independent, and through
the able editorial management of Mr. Maples has reached a large circulation.
THE DEMOCRAT.
The Democrat was started Jan. 10, 1877, H. H. Barbour editor; it was published by B. W., Maples. Mr. Barbour disposed of it to Thomas Tohill, Oct. 27, 1877, and Otis R. Pickett was placed in the cdi- torial chair.
Dec. 1, 1877, Mr. Tohill sold it to Charles V. Ar- nold, who consolidated it with The South Norwalk Champion. He continued it one week, when Mr. Tohill resumed the office and reinstated Mr. Pickett as editor.
Jan. 1, 1878, William R. Palmer became associated with Mr. Pickett by purchase of all of Tohill's in- terest, and the name of the publishers changed to Pickett & Palmer, Palmer being the local editor. The size of the paper was increased from sixteen by twenty-two, six columns, to eighteen by twenty-four, seven columns.
March 20, 1878, William R. Palmer assumed full charge of the paper, both as editor and proprietor.
The Democrat has a large circulation, and is un- compromisingly Democratic.
THE SCHULTE MURDER.
A murder was committed on Roton Hill, near South Norwalk, about 6.30 P.M., Dec. 27, 1878. The victim was John Schulte, a wealthy and eccentric German, who first came to South Norwalk in February, 1877, when he bought a farm of eight acres for the exorbi- tant price of eight thousand dollars. He came to his house to live in October, 1877. Here, together with his companion and servant, Wm. Bucholz, lie occu- pied two poorly-furnished rooms. In the rest of the house the family of Mrs. Waring lived. Schulte fur- nished the provisions, which Mrs. Waring cooked for the two men, who ate them in the proprietor's bed- room. Bucholz was twenty-two years of age. He had a fair complexion, an intelligent expression, and some education. The old man lived the life of a re- cluse, busying himself chiefly in reading German books, playing on the violin, and making experi- ments in photography. He had the name of being wealthy and of carrying large sums about his person, having occasionally shown a pocket-book bursting with bank-notes. Common report did not err in at- tributing riches to him, as he owned property in Germany to the amount of over a quarter of a mil- lion dollars. The rumor that he carried large sums of money also received verification. There was about seventy-five thousand dollars on his person the night of the murder.
When Schulte came to New York from Germany he brought a young German man-servant, named Seigfried Greenewald, with him. At the Sun Hotel, in New York, Bucholz, also a German, met Greene- wald, and learned from him that he intended to leave Schulte's employ. During this conversation they
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NORWALK.
talked about Schulte's money, and Bucholz remarked that if he were in Greenewald's place he would run off with Schulte's coat. Very soon after this we find William Bucholz acting as companion and servant of the eccentrie miser.
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