USA > Connecticut > Hartford County > Windsor > The history and genealogies of ancient Windsor, Connecticut, Vol. I > Part 2
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We may further note that of 75 of the Rev. Mr. Warham's ser- mons and lectures preached in the year from April, 1639, to April, 1640, twenty-four were from Psalms xcii. 5, 6, 7 ; nineteen from 1 Corinthians, vi. 11 ; fourteen from Matthew xxii. 37, 38, and four from the 6th, 7th. and 8th verses of the same chapter, together with fire occasional sermons from other texts. Of 46 sermons and lectures preached by Rev. Mr. Iluit from 18 Aug., 1638, to 14 Ap'1, 1640, twenty-one were from Timothy ii. 19, 21 ; five from Jeremiah viii. 4; fire from James ii. 14; four from I Corinthians x. 12.
8. Three volumes of ancient Colonial (Con.) Records, dis- covered by C. J. Hoadly, LL.D., State Librarian, and deposited in the State Library, at Hartford -containing transcripts of the band Records,
12
PREFACE TO THE PRESENT (REVISED) EDITION.
and of the Births, Marriages, and Deaths of Windsor, Wethersfield, Fairfield, and some other towns, recorded by order of Court, and thus forming authenticated and reliable records.
9. Records of First Church of Windsor, commencing with cases of confessions and discipline, 1723 ; ending 25 Jan., 1746/7, in hand- writing of Rev. Jonathan Marsh ; then in writing of Rev. Wm. Russell, under date of 24 JJuly, 1751, an account of the proceedings of his ordina- tion : followed, Mch. 27. 1776, by a similar record, in his own handwrit- writing, of the ordination of Rev. David Rowland ; then Baptisms, by Mr. Russell, 4 Ang., 1751, to May 2, 1773 ; continued from Apl., 1776, to Mch. 1, 1788, by Rev. D. Rowland ; continued 31 Jan., 1790, to Sept. 20, 1801, by Rev. H. A. Rowland : Deaths, 6 May, 1790, to 29 Mch., 1805 ; Marriages, 1763 and Feb., 1777, to 17 May, 1800; Baptisms, 11 Apl., 1736, to 8 June, 1746.
Also Records of the First Ch. of W., commenced by Rev. D. S. Row- land - Marriages, 1771 to 1846; Baptisms, 1790 to 1858; Deaths, 1790- 1857.
10. Pastoral Records of the North Society of Windsor, under the ministry of the Rev. Theodore Hinsdale, 1761 to 1794.
11. Pastor's Record (private ), kept by Rev. Hezekiah Bissell, pas- tor of Wintonbury (now Bloomfield ) Church.
12. An ancient private Record of Births, Marriages, and Deaths in Wintonbury Parish (now Bloomfield ) furnished by Eliza Mills Rundall, Seneca Falls. N. Y.
13. C. R. (E. W. C. R. in first edition.) The Cook Record of Burials and Baptisms in East Windsor, so called from its having been for many years kept in the Cook family, on E. W. Hill. It is entitled " An exact acovnt of the Parfons Berned In the Boring Yard In Windsor, on the East Side of Connecticut River."
After this title, the recorder " dropped into poetry," as follows :
" Death is a Terror vnto Kings The King of Terrors two. Both Okl & Young Both Rich & poor When Sumonf thay muft go.
" When In this Book You Eys thay Look their Names for to Behold Remember then how Sone 'twill be Or Ear Your" Is Inroled "
" The furst parfon byrved In the Burving Place | Was Thomis Morton Who died Jvly the | Twentieth, 1708."
13
PREFACE TO THE PRESENT (REVISED EDITION.
Commencing with this death record, the oldest MS., or what re- mains of it (for the last leaf has evidently been lost) ends at 12 Nov., 1774. It has also been eaten by mice, so that a portion of the second leaf is gone, injuring records from Oct. 5, 1709, to March, 1711 ; and from Oct. 30, 1723, to June 11, 1724, which has been pieced out in this copy from the Cook copy. It seems to be, up to Nov. 12, 1774, in the handwriting of Deacon, Doctor, and Reverend Matthew Rockwell, and the latter part bears evident marks of his advancing age; but the earlier part (say, from 1708-17) must have been copied by him from some other record, as he was born Jan. 30, 1707/8, only a few months before its first entry. The poetry with which it opens, however, sounds like his. In many places where he seemed not to know the full facts, he left a line or lines blank, as if intending to complete the record when the facts could be learned.
The Cook copy seems to be a copy of this Rockwell copy, from the beginning to the end of the year 1761, up to which time there are varia- tions, always such as have been made in copying, but never giving addi- tional facts ; while, after that date, the record seems to have been kept independently, varying in dates and facts, and frequently giving more. The deaths are continued to 21 Oct., 1811, at which the "old manu- script " ends, and what follows (a few entries between Nov., 1811, and Jan. 28, 1801, and between Jan., 1846. and Apl. 9, 1869) is in a differ- ent hand on whiter paper, of which three leaves have been, at three different times, appended to the book.
Of Baptisms, the record commences with " November 22, 1761, that was the first Sabbath day [that we] met in our new meeting-house - there was 4 Children Baptized that day," and extends to July 3, 1833, and then, on an inserted leaf, is continued a record of baptisms under the ministration of Rev. Chauncey G. Lee, 24 June, 1832, to June 8, 1845.
It is evident that this curious old record was always a private copy, possibly at some time in the hands of a sexton, Int never a church record.
We have spoken of the Rockwell and the Cook copies. From these copies, one was made by Mr. D. Williams Patterson, the genealogist, who, in 1870, bought from Mrs. Collins (a descendant, through the Grants, from old Matthew Rockwell) the "oldest copy," and from the Cook family borrowed another. With the "oldest copy" he found one leaf of one still older, * probably the one from which the beginning of the Rockwell copy, or "oldest," was made. Mr. Patterson's careful and critical revision, collation of all authorities, and annotations have rendered his version the most reliable for our use.
* These have been bound together, and presented by Mr. P. to the Library of the New Eng. Hist .- Gen. Society, at Boston.
14
PREFACE TO THE PRESENT (REVISED ) EDITION.
14. Private MMES. of Rev. Timothy Edwards, first pastor of East
Windsor. While preparing our first edition, we were favored with the loan from Mrs. L. Weld of Hartford, Conn., of a small bound volume filled in the minute but very legible handwriting of the Rev. Timo. Edwards, with memoranda of church and parish records, a copy of the original E. W. Church Covenant ; List of Church members in 1700; Baptisms from 1698 to July, 1703; notes on certain " Remarkable Providences " which had befallen this good man from his boyhood up, etc., etc., the most valuable portions of which will be found incorporated in this work.
15. Records of Births, Marriages, and Deaths kept by Rev. Shubael Bartlett, of Seantie Parish, E. W., 1805 to 1853.
16. Records of Town of East Windsor. Town Clerk's office.
17. " A History of Changes on the Main Street in South Windsor, Conn., between the Congregational Church and East Hartford line. Facts gathered, mostly in 1874: Reed & Barber's Map of the Street, as it was about 1800, being the starting point and following the homes and families down to 1874. By Mrs. Jane M. Stiles, South Windsor, Conn." This MS. of 226 pages is a modest "labor of love " for her native town, by a lady whose domestic duties have certainly interfered with the de- velopment of an excellent genealogist.
Condensation, both as to form of expression and arrangement of matter, has been forced upon me by the extraordinary amount of material placed at my disposal : and (especially in the genealogical portion of the work ) this has taken the form of abbreviations, of which a list follows this preface.
OLD AND NEW STYLE.
At the time of the first settlement of New England the English people began the new year on the 25th of March, Annunciation (or Lady) Day. Any dates between .January 1st and March 25th appearing on the original records of those times should have one year added. Later a new form of designating the year was adopted; the first time it was used by the General Court of Connecticut was "this 20th day of March, 1649-50"- 1650, by our present reckoning. This style prevailed about one hundred years, and the date of all the months of the year should be carried forward between 1600 and 1700, ten days; between 1700 and 1752, when the English Government changed their dates from old style to new style, there should be dleren days added. In 1752 the Parliament of Great Britain made September 3d the 14th.
15
ABBREVIATIONS.
RULE FOR FINDING THE DAY OF THE WEEK ON WHICH A GIVEN DATE FALLS.
Add to the number of the year its fourth part, omitting fractions. If the date is in Old style, add 1 to the result. If in New style, add 5 for years from 1582 to 1699 inclusive, 4 for years from 1700 to 1799 inclusive, 3 for years from 1800 to 1899 inclu- sive, and 2 for years from 1900 to 2099 inclusive. Divide the sum thus obtained by 7, and note the remainder. If the remainder is 0, March 1 of the given year falls on Sun- day; if 1, on Monday; if 2, on Tuesday, and so on. The day of March I being known, that belonging to any other date in the same year is easily ascertained. (N. B. - Nov. I always falls on the same day as Mareh 1.) E. g., A. D. 337; 337+84+1=422, rem. = 2; March 1-Tuesday; Constantine died May 22, 337, Sunday. A. D. 1415; 1415+353 +1=1769, rem .= 5; March 1=Friday. Battle of Agincourt, Oct. 25, 1415, Friday (same week-day as Nov. 1). A. D. 1572; 1572+393+1 =1967, rem. = 6; March 1 = Sat- urday. Massacre of St. Bartholomew, Aug. 24, 1572, Sunday. A. D. 1776-1776+ 444+4=2224, remi .= 5; March 1=Friday; July 4, 1776=Thursday, A. D. 1887; 1887+ 471+3=2361, rem .= 2; March 1=Tuesday. A. D. 1900; 1900+475+2=2377, rem .= 4; Nov. 1=Thursday. End of nineteenth century, Dee. 31, 1900, Monday. A more elaborate rule, giving at once the week day for any date in the year, may be found in the Harvard Register for June, 1881. - J. M. P. in Boston Transcript.
ABBREVIATIONS USED.
a, ır. abt.
about.
acc.
according to.
a. p. acting pastor; ¿. e., hired, but not settled by Council.
B. Bloomfield Old Graveyard.
b.
born.
BIfd. Bloomfield.
bp.
baptized.
bu.
buried.
Col. Rec.
Colonial Records, see No. 8, list of MS. Authorities, p. 11. Connecticut.
Ct.
C. R. the Cook Record, see No. 13, list of MS. Authorities, p. 12. died.
d. dy.
day. daughter.
Ell. E. W.
Ellington.
East Windsor.
E. W. C. R. East Windsor Church Records.
E. W. O.
The Old E. W. Graveyard (E. W. Hill), South Windsor.
E. W. IL.
East Windsor Hill, South Windsor.
E. W. St. the Graveyard on E. W. Street, between Warehouse Point and E. W. Hill.
E. W. Ree. gd-d. gd-s.
Town Ree. of East Windsor.
grand-daughter.
grand-son.
grad. graduated.
II. llartford.
aged.
dau.
16
ABBREVIATIONS.
110.
home.
1.
Ireland Street (now Melrose), E. W. Graveyard.
inf. infants.
J. G. B.
John G. Baird.
J. II. II.
Jabez II. Hayden.
J. M. S. see No. 17. MS. Authorities, p. 14.
K. M. Ketch Mills (now Windsorville), E. W. Graveyard.
land.
nı. married.
1110.
month.
memb. member of.
ment.
mentioned.
N. S. R. Pastoral Ree. of " North," 4, 7 Soc. of W. See No. 10, MS. Authorities.
O. C. R. Old Church Rec., see p. 10, and Appendix A.
ord. ordained.
p. i. pastor by installation, that is, settled by a "Council," but already or- dained to the ministry.
D. o.
ordained pastor.
Poq. Poquonnoc parish (Windsor).
Por. N.
Poquonnoe (Windsor) New Graveyard.
Poq. O. Poquonnoe ( Windsor) Old Graveyard.
poss. possibly.
prob. probably.
rem.
removed.
res. residence.
R. MS. the Rundall MS., see No. 12, Authorities, p. 12.
R. T. S. Ruth T. Sperry.
son.
8. Sc. Scantie parish, E. W. Graveyard.
sett.
settled.
So. W. South Windsor.
s. D. sine proli, without issue.
S. B. Rev. Shubael Bartlett's records. - Scantic parish, E. W., No. 15, Authori- ties, p. 14.
W. Windsor.
W. O. Windsor Old Cemetery.
Wby. Wintonbury Parish, Windsor (now Bloomfieldl).
Why. C. R. Wintonbury Church Records.
W. Rec. Windsor Records.
W. C. R. Windsor Church Records.
wk. week.
Wp Wapping parish, East (now South) Windsor.
Wp. O. Wapping (So. Windsor) Old Graveyard.
Wp. N. Wapping (So. Windsor) New Graveyard.
year.
yg. young.
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
CHAPTER 1.
FROM THE DISCOVERY OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER TO THE SET- TLEMENT OF WINDSOR, 1614 - 1635.
T YO the Dutch undoubtedly belongs the honor of the first discovery and occupation of the Connecticut Valley. In 1614, when Nieuw Amsterdam was but a feeble settlement ' of a few months' uncertain growth, Adriaen Block. Hendrik Corstiaensen, and Cornelius Jacobsen Mey, all experienced captains in the Dutch merchant service, commenced an exploration of the Great River of the Manhattans. At the very outset of the voyage, however, Block's vessel was burned. But, nothing daunted, he speedily constructed, on the wild and rocky shores of Manhattan Island. a small yacht of 16 tons, which he named the Onrust. or Restless.1 In this vessel he explored the East River, which he named Helle Gut. established the insular nature of Long Island, and. passing along the northern shore of the Sound. discovered the Housatonic River and the Norwalk Islands. Eastward of these, he came to the month of a large stream flowing from the northwest, which he ascended as high as 41 deg. 48 min. (about half way between the present towns of Hartford and Windsor), where he found an Indian village or fort, belonging to the Nauaus. This fortified village, in the opinion of Hon. J. Hammond Trumbull, " was on the east side of the river, in what is now South Wind- sor, between Podunk and Seantie rivers, on the ground called Nowashe (which seems to be the equivalent of the Dutch . Nowaas') by the Indians. who sold it to the Windsor plantation in 1636," (see Chapter on Indian Purchases. ) and was probably palisaded as a defense against the l'e- qnots. Block appears to have explored this river, which he named the "Versche" or "Fresh River." and which is now called by its Indian name, Connecticut," as far as the rapids at the head of navigation, viz.,
1 O' Callaghan's Hist. of New Netherland, i, 13; Brodhead's Hist. of State of Nur York, 2d edit., i. 56.
"In the Indian tongue Quonehtacut, or Connitterock, meaning, as some say. " the long river" ; according to others, " the River of Pines," from the extensive pine forests which once clothed its banks. Block noticed, when he entered the river, that it had a strong
VOL. 1-3
18
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
Enfield Falls, at Warehouse Point. Beyond that point he seems to have made no further explorations ; but returning to the Sound. coasted along to Cape Cod, where he met his friend, Captain Corstiaensen. Mey, meanwhile, had been exploring the Atlantic coast south of Manhattan Island.
The discoveries thus made opened to the adventurous merchants of Holland large and inviting channels of trade in beaver skins and furs, especially with the Indians of the north, which they were by no means slow to see and improve. The Dutch West India Company was formed in 1621. and as the settlement of Nieuw Amsterdam, under its fostering care. gradually increased in size and permanence. so their commercial relations expanded and brightened. Their traders traversed the trackless forests or paddled their light canoes along silent rivers, and visited the red man in his wigwam. The little fort at Manhattan was never free from stately Indian chiefs, whom the desire of barter and the fame of fair dealings had tempted thither; while annually, from the goodly harbor, went forth a gallant fleet of broad-bottomed Dutch vessels, richly laden with furry treasures, to gladden the hearts of the honest burghers of Amsterdam and Hoorn.
Yet, during all this time and for many years after, there was little or no attempt at colonization. The rich and beautiful country to which they had gained access was occupied by only a few straggling and scantily-garrisoned log forts, which served as centers of trade: and their government was merely the agency of a wealthy mercantile corporation at home, whose objeets and regulations were unfavorable to agricultural or independent industrial pursuits. As yet no plans of comfortable settlement or visions of future empire had troubled the Dutchman's busy brain. \The meadows of the Connecticut Valley were lovely in his eyes, not as the home and inheritance of his race, but for the 10,000 beaver- skins which were annually gathered from thence.' Meanwhile events were transpiring on another continent and in another nation, which were destined to wrest this territory from the Dutch, and to give it for a goodly heritage unto men of a different mould and nobler aims.
England at this time was overeast by the thick-gathering cloud of civil and religious perseention. Church and State were becoming more and more exacting in their demands; all rights of conscience and faith were abnegated, and every heart was filled with forebodings of the future. "Every corner of the nation," says Macaulay, "was subjected
downward current at a short distance above its mouth, so that his appellation of " Fresh " signified that the tide did not set back as far from the mouth of this stream as in rivers usually.
· Winthrop, i. 113.
19
THE SETTLEMENT OF NEW ENGLAND.
to a constant and minute inspection. Every little congregation of Sep- aratists was tracked out and broken up. Even the devotions of private families could not escape the vigilance of spies. And the tribunals afforded no protection to the subject against the civil and ecclesiastical tyranny of that period." It was then that America, long known to the English people for its valuable fur trade and fisheries, began to be re- garded as an asylum by those whose principles and persecutions had left them no alternative but exile. Hope whispered to their saddened hearts that, perhaps, in these savage western wilds, they might be permitted to enjoy those privileges which were denied them at home. The experiment was made. In 1620, the Rev. John Robinson's congregation, who for eleven years had found a home with the kind-hearted Hollanders, em- barked for America, and on the memorable 11th of December (Old Style ) landed upon the bleak and rock-bound coast of Plymouth. It is not our purpose to dwell upon the details of that scene which has become one of the grandest epochs of the world's history. Suffice it to say, that the experiment was a success. Starvation, cold, and all the novel dan- gers of a new settlement, failed to extinguish the life or check the growth of the Plymouth colony. On this portion of the Western Continent were now planted two races of Europeans with different natures and aims : the Dutchman, with his fendal institutions and a soul absorbed in pelf : the Englishman, with his deep religions zeal, his love for popular liberty, and, it must be confessed. as great a love of trade as his Teutonic rival. The probability that, sooner or later, their claims must confliet, was warranted equally by their national antecedents and their diversities of character. Yet it was not until 1627 that there was any actual commu- nication between the two colonies.
Then the Dutch sent a pacific and commercial embassage to Plymouth. Their envoy, Captain De Rasiere, was courteously welcomed and honorably attended with the noise of trumpets. The meeting was pleasant to both parties. The Dutchman was the countryman of those who had befriended them in the day of their affliction. "Our children after us," said the Pilgrims, "shall never forget the good and courteous entreaty which we found in your country, and shall desire your pros- perity forever." He in turn, seeing the sterility of their soil. invited them, as old friends, to remove to the fertile and pleasant lands on the Connecticut-"and wished us to make use of it."-Bradford. 311. But the Pilgrims, with a frankness which savored almost of discourtesy. questioned the right of the Dutch to the banks of the Hudson, and re- quested them to desist from trading at Narragansett, at the same time plainly suggesting the propriety of a treaty with England. Good feeling, however, prevailed in their intercourse. It could hardly be otherwise, with so many pleasant memories to bind them together. Yet, when De
20
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
Rasiere returned to New Amsterdam, it must have been with an nncom- fortable apprehension of future trouble with their English neighbors ; for, soon after his return, the authorities sent home to the Directors in the Fatherland for a reinforcement of forty soldiers. The Dutchman's heart was kind and his voice was over for peace. But the plain words and grasping attitude of the Plymouth colonists had sown seeds of dissension which could not fail to disturb his tranquillity. Nor were these fears groundless. The success of the Plymouth Colony, as well as the continuance of religious persecution and intolerance in the mother country, gave a decided impetus to the progress of emigration to New England.
The Charter of Massachusetts Bay, granted in 1628, was confirmed in 1629, and the same year the first settlement under its provisions was made at Salem by Gov. Endicott and 300 others. Charlestown was next settled by a portion of the Salem people, and the same year the patent and government of Massachusetts was transferred to New England. This was but the beginning. The next year not less than 17 ships arrived, bringing some 1,600 or 1.700 immigrants. Dorchester, Watertown, Roxbury, Medford, and Weymonth were rapidly settled by the new comers. And the social necessities of these colonists, as well as their restless activity and numbers, forbade the supposition that they would long remain within these narrow limits when they became acquainted with the better lands and resources of the interior.
Foremost among these colonies of 1690, both as regards the char- acter of its members and the date of its arrival, was the one which settled at Dorchester and which afterwards removed to Windsor, Con. It had been formed mostly from the western counties of England, carly in the spring of 1629, by the exertions of the Rev. John White of Dorchester. whose zeal and labors fairly entitle him to the appellation of the " great patron of New England emigration."
"Great pains were taken," says the historian" "to construct this company of such materials as should compose a well-ordered settlement, containing all the elements of an independent community. Two de- voted ministers, Messrs. Maverick " and Warham,' were selected, not only with a view to the spiritual welfare of the plantation, but especially
' Trumbull says this " honorable company " was derived from the counties of Devonshire, Dorsetshire, and Somersetshire.
a History of the Town of Dorcluster, Muss., edited by a committee of the Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical society.
3HJOHN MAVERICK was the son of a Devon clergyman, a graduate of Exeter College. and a minister of the Established Church, residing about forty miles from Exeter, England; he is first mentioned at the time of the assemblage in the New Hospital, Ply-
21
THE DORCHESTER (MASS. ) COLONY.
that their efforts might bring the Indians to the knowledge of the Gospel. Two members of the government, chosen by the freemen or stockholders of the company in London, assistants or directors, Messrs. Rosseter and Ludlow, men of character and education, were joined to the association. that their counsel and judgment might aid in preserving order and founding the social structure upon the surest basis. Several gentlemen, past middle life, with adult families and good estates, were added. Henry Wolcott, Thomas Ford, George Dyer, William Gaylord, William Rockwell. and William Phelps were of this class. But a large portion of active, well-trained young men, either just married or without families, such as Israel Stoughton, Roger Clap, George Minot, George Hall, Rich- ard Collicott, Nathaniel Duncan, and many others of their age, were the persons upon whom the more severe trials of a new settlement were ex- pected to devolve. Three persons of some military experience - viz. : Captain John Mason, Captain Richard Southeote, and Quartermaster John Smith - were selected as a suitable appendage, as forcible resistance from the Indians might render the skill and discipline which these gen- tlemen had acquired under De Vere. in the campaign of the Palatinate on the Continent, an element of safety essential to the enterprise."
" These godly people," says Roger Clap, one of the number.' " resolved
mouth, England, to organize a church. Cotton Mather includes him in the " First ('lassis " of ministers, viz .: those who "were in the actual exercise of their ministry when they left England." He was " somewhat advanced of age," at that period. He took the freeman's oath May 18. 1631. A curious account of his drying some gun- powder in a pan over the fire. in the Dorchester meeting-house, which was used as a magazine also, and the wonderful escape of Maverick in the consequent explosion of a "small barrel," are described in Winthrop's Journal, i. #78. Mr. Maverick expected to remove to Connecticut, but died Feb. 3, 1636 -- 7, aged "about sixty." "A godly man, a beloved pastor, a safe and truthful guide." Samuel Maverick, an Episcopalian, an early settler of Noddle's Island, and afterwards royal commissioner, was a son of Rev. John. For a full account of each, see Summer's Hist. of East Boston. A. H. Q.
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