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Gc 975.8 J71h v. II 1917159
REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEAL ~~ COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 02401 8266
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016
https://archive.org/details/historyofgeorgia02jone_0
1
THE
189 1
1
1
HISTORY OF GEORGIA.
BY
مصر
CHARLES C. JONES, JR., LL. D.
1.2
VOLUME II.
REVOLUTIONARY EPOCH.
BOSTON : HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY. New York : 11 East Seventeenth Street. The Riverside Press, Cambridge. 1883.
FORT WAYNE AEG LELER COURTYARD.
THE PUBLIC TIERAGS
-
1917159
M. M. JONES.
LHE billi
2
1H2 503618 11337 3
.
Copyright, 1883, By CHARLES C. JONES, JR.
All rights reserved.
The Riverside Press, Cambridge : Electrotyped and Printod by II. O. Houghton & Co.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CHAPTER I.
PAGE
SIR JAMES WRIGHT. - HIS FITNESS FOR THE GUBERNATORIAL OFFICE. - WAR BETWEEN THE CHEROKEES AND THE SOUTH CAROLINIANS. - CONDUCT OF GOVERNOR LYTTLETON. - ATTAKULLAKULLA. - COLONEL WILLIAM BULL. - AFFAIR NEAR ETCHOE. - SURRENDER OF FORT LOUDOUN. - TREACHERY OF THE CHEROKEES. - CAPTAIN STUART'S ESCAPE. - FORT PRINCE GEORGE THREATENED. - LIEUTENANT-COLO- NEL JAMES GRANT. - ETCHOE REDUCED TO ASHES. - THE CHEROKEE TERRITORY DEVASTATED. - THE SAVAGES SUE FOR PEACE 1
CHAPTER II.
GOVERNOR WRIGHT'S INAUGURAL ADDRESS. - RESPONSE OF THE GEN- ERAL ASSEMBLY. - SAVANNAH IN 1760. - DEBRAHM'S SYSTEM OF FORTIFICATIONS. - WHARVES. - HEALTH OF SAVANNAH. - POPULA- TION AND PRODUCTS OF THE PROVINCE. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT'S RE- PORT TO THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF TRADE AND PLANTATIONS. - GEORGE III. PROCLAIMED KING. - GOVERNOR BOONE ATTEMPTS TO APPROPRIATE THE LANDS LYING SOUTH OF THE ALATAMAHA. - PRO- TEST AND CAVEAT OF GOVERNOR WRIGHT. - HIS COMMUNICATIONS ' TO THE EARL OF EGREMONT. - ACTION OF THE HOME GOVERNMENT 18
CHAPTER III.
TERRITORIAL LIMITS OF GEORGIA EXTENDED. - CONGRESS OF THE FOUR SOUTHERN GOVERNORS, THE SUPERINTENDENT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, AND THE FIVE NATIONS AT AUGUSTA, IN 1763. - TREATY STIPULA- TIONS. - PETITION OF DENNIS ROLLE AND ASSOCIATES. - UTOPIAN SCHEME OF THE EARL OF EGLINTOUN. - REGULATIONS WITH REGARD TO THE INDIAN TRADE. - REPRESENTATION OF THE GEORGIA PAR- ISHES IN 1761. - FOUR ADDITIONAL PARISHES LAID OFF IN 1765. - LAND BOUNTIES TO SOLDIERS. - CONDITION OF THE COLONY. - CON- DUCT OF CHIEF JUSTICE GROVER. - LIBEL UPON THE EXECUTIVE
41
مسرح - الكلوم فيد
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vi
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CHAPTER IV.
STAMP ACT OF 1765. - ITS EFFECT IN GEORGIA. - GOVERNOR WRIGHIT'S REPORTS OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE LIBERTY BOYS. - THE SOUTH CAROLINA DECLARATION OF RIGIITS ENLISTS THE SYMPATHY OF GEOR- GIANS. - HABERSHAM'S OPINION. - GEORGIA'S POSITION. - UNGEN- EROUS ATTITUDE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. - PARLIAMENTARY DEBATE. - REPEAL OF THE ACT. - LEGISLATIVE PROCEEDINGS. - ADDRESS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY TO THE KING. - A NEW SPIRIT ABROAD IN THE LAND
56
CHAPTER V.
GEORGIA IN 1766. - SILK CULTURE. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT'S REPORT ON THE SUBJECT. - COST OF MAINTAINING THE CIVIL ESTABLISHMENT. - TRADE RELATIONS WITH THE INDIANS RELAXED. - TROUBLES WITH THE CREEKS. - STRENGTHI OF THE ADJACENT INDIAN NATIONS. - BOUNDARY LINES. - CONFERENCE BETWEEN THE COLONIAL AUTHORI- TIES AND THE CREEKS AT SAVANNAH ON THE 3D OF SEPTEMBER, 1768. - TALKS OF EMISTESEEGOE AND GOVERNOR WRIGHT
73
CHAPTER VI.
ENGLAND DOES NOT ABANDON HER DETERMINATION TO TAX THE AMER- ICAN COLONIES. - OPPOSITION OF THE COMMONS HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY TO PARLIAMENTARY RULE. - LEGISLATIVE TROUBLES. - THE BREACH WIDENS. - BENJAMIN FRANKLIN APPOINTED "AGENT TO SOLICIT THE AFFAIRS OF THE COLONY." - WYLLY'S RESPONSE TO THE COMMUNI- CATION FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. - GOVERNOR WRIGHIT'S REPORT TO THE EARL OF HILLSBOROUGH ON THE CONDITION OF AFFAIRS. - GEORGIA INDORSES THE RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY MASSACHUSETTS AND VIRGINIA. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT DISSOLVES THE ASSEMBLY. - ADDRESS OF THE COMMONS HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY TO THE KING. - REMARKABLE LETTER OF GOVERNOR WRIGHT TO THE EARL OF HILLSBOROUGH. - MEETING OF MERCHANTS AT THE RESIDENCE OF MR. CREIGHTON. - NON-IMPORTATION RESO- LUTIONS ADOPTED AT A PUBLIC MEETING OF TIIE CITIZENS OF SAVAN- NAII. - JONATHAN BRYAN SUSPENDED FROM OFFICE. - THE FOUR SOUTHERN PARISHES DEMAND REPRESENTATION. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT REFUSES TO SANCTION THE CHOICE OF NOBLE W. JONES AS SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY. - LEAVE OF ABSENCE GRANTED TO GOVERNOR WRIGHT, AND MR. HABERSHAM ASSUMES THE REINS OF GOVERNMENT 96
CHAPTER VII.
IRISH IMMIGRATION. - QUEENSBURY. - ANTHONY STOKES. - NOBLE W. JONES. - ARCHIBALD BULLOCHI. - GOVERNOR HABERSHAM'S AD-
4:
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CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
DRESS TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. - DISSOLUTION OF THE ASSEM- BLY. - COMPOSITION OF THE ASSEMBLY. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT COM- PLIMENTED WITH A BARONETCY. - JAMES HABERSHAM AND NOBLE W. JONES. - CESSION OF LANDS AT AUGUSTA IN 1773 BY THE CREEKS AND CHEROKEES IN EXTINGUISHMENT OF TIIE DEBTS DUE BY THEM TO THE TRADERS. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT'S PROCLAMATION COMMENDING THE COLONIZATION OF THE NEWLY ACQUIRED TERRITORY. - FORT JAMES. - DARTMOUTHI. - PETERSBURG. - HOSTILITIES INAUGURATED BY THE CREEKS. - SIERRALL'S FORT ATTACKED. - BIG ELK. - HEAD TURKEY MURDERED. - PEACE PROCLAIMED AT A CONGRESS HELD IN SAVANNAH IN OCTOBER, 1774. - TREATY STIPULATIONS. - GALPHIN'S CLAIM. - GEORGIA IN 1773. - CIVIL ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COLONY. - JONA- THAN BRYAN'S EFFORT TO PURCHASE THE " APPALACHE OLD FIELDS " 120
CHAPTER VIII.
THE BOSTON PORT BILL. - COERCIVE MEASURES RESORTED TO IN THE CASE OF MASSACHUSETTS. - PUBLIC MEETING IN SAVANNAH. - ITS PROCEEDINGS. - MR. BRYAN RESIGNS IIIS MEMBERSHIP OF COUNCIL. - GOVERNOR WRIGHIT'S PROCLAMATION DENOUNCING UNLAWFUL AS- SEMBLAGES. - MEETING OF THE 10TH OF AUGUST, 1774. - RESOLU- TIONS ADOPTED AND PROMULGATED. - DIVISION OF POLITICAL SEN- TIMENT IN THE PROVINCE. - STRICTURES UPON THE MEETING OF THE 10TII OF AUGUST. - PROTESTS FROM ADIIERENTS TO THE CROWN. - GEORGIA NOT REPRESENTED IN THE FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. - DECLARATION OF COLONIAL RIGHTS. - RESOLUTIONS AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF ST. ANDREW'S PARISII. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT CONVOKES TIIE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. - ADDRESSES. - FAILURE OF TIIE FIRST PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. - ST. JOHN'S PARISH ACTS IN ADVANCE OF THE OTHER PARISHES. - DR. LYMAN HALL REPRESENTS TIIAT PARISH IN THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. - PECULIAR SITUATION OF THE COLONY OF GEORGIA . 147'
CHAPTER IX.
THE COMMONS HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY REFUSES TO OBEY GOVERNOR WRIGHIT'S ORDER. - COMMUNICATION OF MESSRS. JONES, BULLOCHI, AND HOUSTOUN TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. - EFFECT IN SAVANNAH OF THE NEWS OF THE AFFAIR AT LEXING- TON AND CONCORD. - POWDER MAGAZINE SEIZED BY THE LIBERTY BOYS AND A PORTION OF ITS CONTENTS FORWARDED TO THE PATRIOTS. NEAR BOSTON. - CANNON SPIKED TO PREVENT A CELEBRATION OF THE KING'S BIRTHDAY. - FIRST LIBERTY POLE IN SAVANNAII. - COUNCIL OF SAFETY APPOINTED. - PUNISHIMENT OF HOPKINS AND BROWN. - RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE MEETING OF CITIZENS CON- VENED AT MRS. CUYLER'S HOUSE. - UNABLE TO STEM THE CUR-
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محورــ
1
viii
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
RENT, GOVERNOR WRIGHT REQUESTS PERMISSION TO RETURN HOME. - HIS DISPATCHES TO GENERAL GAGE AND TO ADMIRAL GRAVES. - CAPTURE OF CAPTAIN MAITLAND'S POWDER SHIP. - GEORGIA NO LONGER HESITATES. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT OPPRESSED BY THE GRAV- EST APPREHENSIONS. - PROVINCIAL CONGRESS OF JULY 4, 1775. - ITS DELIBERATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS . 171
CHAPTER X.
ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS TO GOVERNOR WRIGHT. - REV. HADDON SMITH SILENCED. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT POWERLESS. - ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION ADOPTED BY THE PROVIN- CIAL CONGRESS. - QUALIFICATION OF VOTERS. - REPRESENTATION. - ADDRESS TO THE INHABITANTS OF GEORGIA. - PETITION TO TIIE KING. - GEORGIA RECEIVED INTO THE CONFEDERATED SISTERHOOD. - REPRESENTATIVES TO THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. - ARCHIBALD BULLOCH. - JOHN HOUSTOUN. - REV. DR. J. J. ZUBLY. - CASE OF EBENEZER MCCARTY. - THE MILITIA PURGED OF ITS LOYAL ELEMENT. - THE LIBERTY BOYS IN COMPLETE POSSESSION OF THE PROVINCE. - ORGANIZATION OF THE COURTS. - MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL OF SAFETY. - OFFICERS APPOINTED FOR THE CONTINENTAL BATTALION. . 194 - GEORGIA GOVERNED BY THE COUNCIL OF SAFETY .
CHAPTER XI.
GOVERNOR WRIGHT ARRESTED BY MAJOR JOSEPH HABERSHAM IN OBE- DIENCE TO THE ORDERS OF THE COUNCIL OF SAFETY. - HE SUBSE- QUENTLY EFFECTS HIS ESCAPE. - HIS LETTER TO THE MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL IN SAVANNAH. - THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS REAS- SEMBLES. - COMMUNICATION ADDRESSED TO THE DELEGATES TO THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. - SIGNERS FROM GEORGIA OF THE DECLA- RATION OF INDEPENDENCE. - EFFORTS TO ARM THE MILITIA AND TO PROCURE MILITARY STORES. - BILLS OF CREDIT ISSUED. - QUESTION OF THE COMMAND OF THE CONTINENTAL BATTALION. - COLONEL LACH- LAN MCINTOSH'S LETTER TO GENERAL WASHINGTON. - TEMPORARY CONSTITUTION OF 1776. - ARCHIBALD BULLOCH ELECTED FIRST RE- PUBLICAN PRESIDENT. - ADDRESS OF THE COUNCIL OF SAFETY. - PRESIDENT BULLOCHI'S RESPONSE. - ANECDOTE OF PRESIDENT BUL- LOCHI, - FIRST PASSAGE AT ARMS IN GEORGIA. - DESCENT UPON TY- BEE ISLAND. - HEROIC CONDUCT AND RESOLUTION OF THE GEORGIANS. - ASSISTANCE RENDERED BY SOUTH CAROLINA. - THANKS RETURNED. - DISTRIBUTION OF GEORGIA TROOPS . . 211
CHAPTER XII.
EFFECT OF THE PROHIBITORY BILL. - EXPEDITION OF CAPTAIN JOIIN BAKER AGAINST WRIGHIT'S FORT ON THE ST. MARY'S RIVER. - Gov-
ix
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
ERNOR WRIGHT SAILS FOR ENGLAND. - SIR PETER PARKER'S DEM- ONSTRATION AGAINST FORT MOULTRIE. - CEREMONIES OBSERVED UPON THIE PROMULGATION OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE IN SAVANNAH. - PRESIDENT BULLOCH CALLS A CONVENTION OF THE PEOPLE. -- DEPREDATIONS OF THE CHEROKEE INDIANS. - THEIR TER- RITORY INVADED. - THIE SAVAGES ARE COMPELLED TO SUE FOR PEACE. - TREATY CONCLUDED AT DEWIT'S CORNER. - CONFERENCE BETWEEN THE GEORGIA COMMISSIONERS AND GENERAL CHARLES LEE. - THE REDUCTION OF ST. AUGUSTINE RESOLVED UPON. - THE EAST FLORIDA EXPEDITION A FAILURE. - THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS ASSISTS IN THE DEFENSE OF GEORGIA . 232
CHAPTER XIII.
CONSTITUTION OF 1777. - FORT MCINTOSH ATTACKED BY FUSER, BROWN, CUNNINGHAM, AND McGIRTH. - DEFENDED BY CAPTAIN WINN. - THE FORT SURRENDERS. - TREACHERY OF THE ENEMY. - EXPEDITION FROM EAST FLORIDA MET AND DISPERSED BY COLONEL MCINTOSH. - PRESIDENT BULLOCH REQUESTED " TO TAKE UPON HIMSELF THE WHOLE EXECUTIVE POWERS OF GOVERNMENT." - DEATH OF MR. BULLOCH. - BUTTON GWINNETT APPOINTED PRESIDENT. - COLONEL LACHLAN Mc- INTOSH ADVANCED TO THE GRADE OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL. - GWIN- NETT PLANS AN EXPEDITION AGAINST EAST FLORIDA. - AFFAIR BE- TWEEN COLONEL BAKER AND COLONEL MCGIRTH. - COLONEL SAMUEL ELBERT. - LIEUTENANT WARD ATTACKED AND, SLAIN. - DISASTROUS FAILURE OF GWINNETT'S EXPEDITION. - JOHN ADAM TREUTLEN ELECTED GOVERNOR. - DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN GWINNETT AND MC- INTOSHI. - DUEL AND DEATH OF GWINNETT. - MCINTOSH LEAVES GEORGIA AND IS ASSIGNED TO DUTY BY GENERAL WASHIINGTON. - NOTICE OF BUTTON GWINNETT
252
CHAPTER XIV.
COLONEL SAMUEL ELBERT IN COMMAND OF THE CONTINENTAL FORCES IN GEORGIA. - DEPRECIATION OF THE PAPER CURRENCY. - DIFFICUL- TIES EXPERIENCED IN PROCURING ENLISTMENTS. - DEPREDATIONS ALONG THE SOUTHERN FRONTIER. - DRAYTON'S EFFORTS TO BRING ABOUT A CONSOLIDATION OF THE STATES OF SOUTH CAROLINA AND GEORGIA. - PROCLAMATION OF GOVERNOR TREUTLEN. - CASE OF GEORGE MCINTOSH. - STATE LEGISLATION. - FORTIFICATION AT SUN- BURY. - JOHN HOUSTOUN ELECTED GOVERNOR. - HIE IS INVESTED WITH ALMOST DICTATORIAL POWERS. - SCOPIIOLITES . 273
CHAPTER XV.
GOVERNOR HOUSTOUN AND GENERAL HOWE PLAN AN EXPEDITION AGAINST EAST FLORIDA. - COLONEL ELBERT CAPTURES THE HLINCHIN-
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TETERO
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CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
BROOKE. - McGIRTH'S RAID. - CONCENTRATION OF FORCES AT FORT HOWE. - DISPOSITION OF THE ENEMY. - LETTERS OF COLONEL C. C. PINCKNEY, GENERAL MOULTRIE, AND GENERAL HOWE. - GOVERNOR HOUSTOUN AND GENERAL HOWE AT VARIANCE. - AFFAIR AT ALLI- GATOR CREEK. - COLONEL CLARKE WOUNDED. - JEALOUSY OF THE RESPECTIVE COMMANDING OFFICERS. - HOWE'S INEFFICIENCY. - A COUNCIL OF WAR, HELD AT FORT TONYN, DETERMINES TO ABANDON THE EXPEDITION. - FAREWELL. ORDER OF GENERAL HOWE. - THE CONDUCT OF THE EXPEDITION CRITICISED
288
CHAPTER XVI.
THE THEATRE OF WAR TRANSFERRED TO THE SOUTHERN PROVINCES. - GEORGIA INVADED BY COLONELS FUSER AND PREVOST. - AFFAIR NEAR MIDWAY CHURCHI. - GENERAL SCREVEN KILLED, - PREVOST'S RAV- AGES. - FUSER DEMANDS THIE SURRENDER OF FORT MORRIS AT SUN- BURY. - GALLANT RESPONSE OF COLONEL MCINTOSH. - ANECDOTE OF RORY MCINTOSH. - FUSER RAISES THE SIEGE AND RETURNS TO FLOR- IDA. - CONDITION OF THE MIDWAY DISTRICT. - GENERAL HOWE'S COMMUNICATION TO GENERAL MOULTRIE. - ARRIVAL OF BRITISH FORCES UNDER COLONEL CAMPBELL AND COMMODORE PARKER. - LANDING AT GIRARDEAU'S PLANTATION. - ADVANCE UPON SAVANNAH. -GENERAL HOWE'S ORDER OF BATTLE. - HOWE'S FATAL ERROR. - HIS DISPOSITIONS. - GENERAL MOULTRIE'S CRITICISMS. - CAPTURE OF SAVANNAII. -. LOSSES SUSTAINED. - FLIGHT OF THE AMERICAN ARMY. - GEORGIA ABANDONED - DISTRESSES OF THIE PRISONERS. - PRISON-SHIPS. - HOWE'S CONDUCT THE SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION. - MAJOR ANDRE'S PARODY UPON THE DUEL BETWEEN GENERALS HOWE AND GADSDEN . 304
CHAPTER XVII.
COLONEL CAMPBELL ADVANCES RAPIDLY UP THE SAVANNAHI RIVER. - PROCLAMATIONS OF COLONEL INNES, COLONEL CAMPBELL, AND COM- MODORE PARKER. - STRINGENT REGULATIONS PROMULGATED. - OATHIS OF ALLEGIANCE EXACTED. - THE BRITISH OCCUPY EBENEZER. - REV. MR. TRIEBNER. - CAPTURE OF SUNBURY. - GENERAL AUGUSTINE PREVOST ASSUMES COMMAND OF ALL HIS MAJESTY'S FORCES IN GEOR- GIA. - PITIABLE SITUATION OF SOUTHERN GEORGIA. - DISPOSITION OF THE AMERICAN AND BRITISH FORCES ON EITHER BANK OF THE SA- VANNAII RIVER. - GENERAL LINCOLN. - AFFAIR IN BURKE COUNTY. - COLONEL CAMPBELL CAPTURES AUGUSTA. - DOOLY. - PICKENS. - CARR'S FORT ATTACKED. - AFFAIR NEAR THE CHEROKEE FORD. - BATTLE OF KETTLE CREEK. - COLONEL BOYD KILLED. - EFFECT OF THE VICTORY. - CAPTURE OF THE. BRITISH POST AT HERBERT'S. - CAPTAIN WHITLEY AND HIS PARTY TAKEN. - EXPLOIT OF LIEUTENANT HAWKINS. - COLONEL CAMPBELL EVACUATES AUGUSTA . 320
xi
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CHAPTER XVIII.
FRUITLESS EFFORT TO COMPASS AN EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS. - PREVOST INVADES SOUTH CAROLINA. - HE IS DRIVEN BACK. - POSITION OF THE AMERICAN FORCES. - A COUNCIL OF WAR, CONVENED BY GEN- ERAL LINCOLN, RECOMMENDS AN ADVANCE FOR THE RELIEF OF GEOR- GIA. - COLONEL CAMPBELL RESOLVES TO THWART THIS MOVEMENT. - MAJOR McPHERSON AND LIEUTENANT-COLONEL PREVOST DETACHED TO SURPRISE GENERAL ASH IN THE ANGLE FORMED BY THE CONFLU- ENCE OF BRIER CREEK AND THE SAVANNAH RIVER. - DEFEAT OF THE AMERICANS. - GENERAL ASII's DISPATCH TO GENERAL LINCOLN. - GENERAL MOULTRIE'S COMMENTS. - GALLANTRY OF GENERAL EL- . BERT. - GENERAL ASII'S CONDUCT INVESTIGATED BY A COURT OF IN- QUIRY. - STRENGTH AND POSITION OF THE ENEMY. - COMMISSIONERS TAKE POSSESSION OF CAPTURED AND ABANDONED PROPERTY. - PICK- ENS, DOOLY, CLARKE, FEW, HAMMOND, AND ROSS DEFEAT THE CREEK INDIANS LED BY TATE AND MCGILLIVRAY. - CAPTURE OF THE AMER- ICAN GALLEYS CONGRESS AND LEE. - WRETCHED TREATMENT OF AMERICAN PRISONERS. - LINCOLN AGAIN CONTEMPLATES A MOVE- MENT FOR THIE RELIEF OF GEORGIA. - HIS PURPOSE DELAYED BY PRE- VOST'S DEMONSTRATION AGAINST CHARLESTOWN. - DR. RAMSAY'S ACCOUNT OF THE BRITISH DEPREDATIONS. - EXPLOIT OF CAPTAIN SPENCER. - COLONEL TWIGGS DEFEATS CAPTAIN MULLER. - MAJOR BAKER PUTS CAPTAIN GOLDSMITH TO FLIGHT. - ROBERT SALLETTE. - McGIRTHI ROUTED BY COLONEL TWIGGS AT LOCKHART'S PLANTA- TION . 345
CHAPTER XIX.
DEPRECIATED CONDITION OF THE CURRENCY. - POLITICAL STATUS. - AN OLIGARCHICAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED. - CONSTITU- TION OF A SUPREME EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. - POWERS CONFIDED TO IT. - JOHN WEREAT CHOSEN PERMANENT PRESIDENT. - ABNORMAL CON- DITION OF AFFAIRS. - GENERAL LACHLAN MCINTOSH RETURNS TO GEORGIA. - GENERAL WASHINGTON'S LETTER TO CONGRESS. - COM- MUNICATION FROM THE SUPREME EXECUTIVE COUNCIL TO GENERAL LINCOLN. - ROYAL GOVERNMENT IN GEORGIA. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT'S DISPATCH TO LORD GEORGE GERMAIN. - POLITICAL DISTRACTIONS OF GEORGIA . . 364
CHAPTER XX.
THE FRENCH ALLIANCE. - COUNT D'ESTAING. - PREPARATIONS BY THE ALLIED ARMY TO DISLODGE THE ENEMY FROM SAVANNAII. - SIEGE OF SAVANNAH IN SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER, 1779. . 375
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CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CHAPTER XXI.
THE SIEGE OF SAVANNAH CONTINUED. - ASSAULT OF THE 9TH OF OC- TOBER, 1779. - REPULSE OF THE ALLIED ARMY. - COUNT PULASKI. - ESTIMATE OF FORCES ENGAGED AND OF LOSSES SUSTAINED. - NAMES OF THE KILLED AND WOUNDED. - LIEUTENANT LLOYD. - SERGEANT JASPER. - SIEGE RAISED. - DEPARTURE OF THE FRENCH AND AMER- ICANS. - WAR VESSELS COMPOSING THE FRENCH FLEET. - GENERAL LINCOLN'S LETTER TO CONGRESS. - COUNT D'ESTAING. - DEATH OF COLONEL MAITLAND. - PITIABLE CONDITION OF THE SEA-COAST OF GEORGIA . 397
CHAPTER XXII.
GOVERNOR WRIGHT'S OPPRESSIVE REGULATIONS. - DEPLORABLE CONDI- TION OF SAVANNAH. - MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL COMMONS HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY. - ACTS OF CONFISCATION. - PARTIES AFFECTED. - CA- LAMITIES OF A DIVIDED GOVERNMENT. - ACTS OF THE ROYAL GEN- ERAL ASSEMBLY. - EFFORTS TO FORTIFY SAVANNAH. - POLITICAL AFFAIRS OF GEORGIA AS ADMINISTERED BY THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF SAFETY. - PROCLAMATION OF GOVERNOR WEREAT. - Two EXECUTIVE COUNCILS . IN BEING. - PATRIOTIC MANIFESTO OF THE LEGITIMATE COUNCIL. - CASE OF GENERAL LACHLAN MCINTOSH. - THE GLAS- COCK LETTER. - WALTON'S COMPLICITY. - THE FORGERY UNMASKED. - GOVERNOR GEORGE WALTON. - GOVERNOR RICHARD HOWLEY. - THE CAPITAL TRANSFERRED TO HEARD'S FORT. - PRESIDENT GEORGE WELLS. - PRESIDENT STEPIEN HEARD. - PRESIDENT MYRICK DA- VIES. - THE DOCTRINE OF " UTI POSSIDETIS." - GOVERNOR NATHAN BROWNSON. - REORGANIZATION OF THE STATE GOVERNMENT. - Gov- ERNOR JOHN MARTIN. - COMPLIMENTARY RESOLUTIONS TO GENERALS GREENE AND WAYNE, AND TO COLONEL ELIJAH CLARKE. - THIE LEG- ISLATURE ASSEMBLES AT EBENEZER, AND ONCE MORE AT SAVANNAHI. - RESOLUTIONS AND PRUDENTIAL RESTRICTIONS. - REVIEW OF THE PERIPATETIC GOVERNMENT OF GEORGIA DURING THE REVOLUTION. - COLONIAL RECORDS . 417
CHAPTER XXIII.
SIR HENRY CLINTON'S SOUTHERN EXPEDITION. - THE FALL OF CHARLES- TOWN A HEAVY BLOW UPON THE REPUBLICANS OF THE SOUTH. - CAP- TAIN HUGHI MCCALL. - OPERATIONS OF PRIVATE ARMED VESSELS AND OF PARTISAN LEADERS. - AFFAIR ON THE OGEECHEE BETWEEN COLONELS PICKENS AND TWIGGS AND CAPTAIN CONKLIN. - THIE SMALL-POX. - SAVAGE THE WARFARE BETWEEN ROYALISTS AND RE- PUBLICANS. - TREACHERY OF GENERAL ANDREW WILLIAMSON. - AU- GUSTA OCCUPIED BY COLONELS BROWN AND GRIERSON. - CONDUCT OF COLONEL BROWN. - COLONEL DOOLY MURDERED. - EXPLOIT OF COLO-
عمل السد
xiii
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
NEL JOIIN JONES. - AFFAIR BETWEEN COLONEL MCDOWELL AND MA- JOR DUNLAP. - ENGAGEMENTS NEAR WOFFORD'S IRON-WORKS AND NEAR MUSGROVE'S MILL. - COLONEL CLARKE WOUNDED. - CORNWAL- LIS' SANGUINARY INSTRUCTIONS. - COLONELS CLARKE AND MCCALL ATTEMPT TO CAPTURE AUGUSTA. - DETAILS OF THE ENTERPRISE. - THE SIEGE RAISED. - TERRIBLE FATE OF THE AMERICAN PRISON- ERS. - BROWN'S ATROCITIES. - MAJOR CARTER. - SAD PLIGHT OF THE NORTH GEORGIANS. - COLONEL CLARKE CONDUCTS A LARGE BODY OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN TO TEMPORARY HOMES ON THE WATURGA
. 442
CHAPTER XXIV.
THE REPUBLICANS OF GEORGIA ALMOST IN EXTREMIS. - THEIR MAR- VELOUS COURAGE AND ENDURANCE. - INFLUENCE OF WOMAN. - COLONELS TWIGGS AND CLARKE DEFEAT MAJOR WEMYSS AT FISH DAM FORD. - TARLETON'S DISCOMFITURE AT BLACKSTOCKS. - SUM- TER WOUNDED. - GALLANTRY OF MAJOR JACKSON. - AFFAIR AT LONG CANE. - COLONEL CLARKE DANGEROUSLY WOUNDED. - COLO- NEL PICKENS RESUMES HUIS SWORD. - GENERAL GREENE ASSIGNED TO THE COMMAND OF THE SOUTHERN DEPARTMENT. - LIEUTENANT-COLO- NEL HENRY LEE. - GENERAL MORGAN'S ADDRESS TO THE GEORGIA REFUGEES. - MAJOR JOHN CUNNINGHAM. - BATTLE OF THE COW- PENS. - GENERAL PICKENS' TRIBUTE TO MAJOR JACKSON. - AFFAIR AT BEATTIE'S MILL. - EFFECT OF THE BATTLE OF GUILFORD. - CORN- WALLIS MOVES NORTHWARD. - OPERATIONS OF COLONELS CLARKE, BAKER, HAMMOND, AND WILLIAMSON. - UPPER GEORGIA FILLED WITII MOURNING AND DESOLATION. - AFFAIR NEAR MATTHEW'S BLUFF. - HARDEN DEFEATED BY BROWN NEAR WIGGIN'S HILL. - REPUBLICAN PRISONERS BUTCHERED. - CHARACTER OF COLONEL BROWN . . . 462
CHAPTER XXV.
COLONEL WILLIAMSON INVESTS AUGUSTA. - ARRIVAL OF COLONEL CLARKE. - MAJOR DILL DEFEATED AT WALKER'S BRIDGE. - SHELBY AND CARR DEFEAT BROWN'S DETACHMENT AT MRS. BUGG'S PLANTA- TION. - HAYES AND HIS COMMAND MURDERED. - GENERAL PICKENS AND LIEUTENANT-COLONEL HENRY LEE ORDERED TO ASSIST IN THE REDUCTION OF AUGUSTA. - LEE CAPTURES FORT GALPHIN AT SILVER BLUFF. - THE SIEGE AND CAPITULATION OF AUGUSTA. - COLONEL BROWN AND MRS. McKAY. - PICKENS AND LEE REJOIN GENERAL GREENE. - MAJOR JACKSON LEFT IN COMMAND OF AUGUSTA. - RAS- CALITY OF JOHN BURNET .- GOVERNOR WRIGHT CALLS LUSTILY FOR AID .
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CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CHAPTER XXVI.
GENERAL TWIGGS ORDERS AN ADVANCE FOR THE REPOSSESSION OF THE MIDDLE AND SOUTHERN DIVISIONS OF GEORGIA. - NEFARIOUS PLOT IN JACKSON'S LEGION. - DAVIS COMPLIMENTED BY THE LEGISLATURE. - NAVAL EXPLOITS ON THE GEORGIA COAST. - CAPTAINS HOWELL, MCCLEUR, ANTONY, AND BRADDOCK. - JACKSON'S OPERATIONS NEAR GREAT OGEECHEE FERRY. - SCARCITY OF PROVISIONS. - GENERAL TWIGGS REPULSES THE INDIANS. - MURDER OF MYRICK DAVIES. - TWIGGS THREATENS SAVANNAII. - PICKENS INVADES THE CHEROKEE TERRITORY. - STATE CERTIFICATES ISSUED UPON THE FAITH OF CON- . FISCATED PROPERTY. - EFFECT OF CORNWALLIS' SURRENDER. - GEN- ERAL GREENE PREPARES FOR THE RELIEF OF GEORGIA. - HIS LETTER OF ADVICE TO GOVERNOR MARTIN. - GENERAL WAYNE DETAILED TO RECOVER GEORGIA. - PROCLAMATIONS OF GOVERNOR MARTIN. - BRIT- ISH FORCES IN SAVANNAH. - THE TOWN NARROWLY WATCHED. - WAYNE'S ACTIVITY HIGHLY COMMENDED. - SEAT OF GOVERNMENT ADVANCED TO EBENEZER. - CONDUCT OF COLONEL JAMES JACKSON. - FEROCITY OF THE ENEMY. - MAJOR JOHN HABERSHAM'S MISSION. - POVERTY OF GEORGIA. - AFFAIR BETWEEN JACKSON AND CAPTAINS INGRAM AND CORKER. - WAYNE ADVANCES TO SUPPORT JACKSON. - BROWN ESCAPES. - GURISTERSIGO DEFEATED BY WAYNE . 496
CHAPTER XXVII.
INDEPENDENCE AT HAND. - GOVERNOR WRIGHT'S COMMUNICATION TO GENERAL WAYNE. - DISPATCHI FROM SIR GUY CARLETON. - A DEP- UTATION FROM THE MERCHANTS AND CITIZENS OF SAVANNAH WAITS UPON GENERAL WAYNE. - GENEROUS TERMS OFFERED ON THE PART OF THE REPUBLICANS. - MAJOR JOHN HABERSHAM ENTRUSTED WITH THE CONDUCT OF NEGOTIATIONS. - GENERAL WAYNE'S ORDER IN AN- TICIPATION OF THE EARLY EVACUATION OF SAVANNAHI. - COLONEL JACKSON DESIGNATED TO RECEIVE THE SURRENDER OF THE TOWN. - GENERAL WAYNE'S ORDERS ON TAKING POSSESSION OF SAVANNAII. - EVACUATION OF THE TOWN. - GEORGIA DESPOILED BY THE DE- PARTING LOYALISTS. - GENERAL WAYNE COMPLIMENTED BY GENERAL GREENE. - THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL AND THE LEGISLATURE CONVENE IN SAVANNAH. - ACTS AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED BY THEM. - COLONEL JACKSON COMPLIMENTED WITH A MANSION. - PLANTATIONS PRESENTED TO GENERALS WAYNE AND GREENE. - MEASURES ADOPTED FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE STATE. - LOSSES SUSTAINED BY GEORGIA DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. - HER POPULATION. --- MEMORIAL OF SIR JAMES WRIGHT. - DR. LYMAN HALL ELECTED GOVERNOR. - GEORGIA AN INDEPENDENT STATE
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ILLUSTRATIONS.
PORTRAIT OF NOBLE W. JONES
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PORTRAIT OF ARCHIBALD BULLOCH .
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PORTRAIT OF GENERAL LACHLAN MCINTOSHI
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PORTRAIT OF GEORGE WALTON
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PORTRAIT OF GENERAL BENJAMIN LINCOLN
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PORTRAIT OF COUNT D'ESTAING
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PLAN OF THE SIEGE OF SAVANNAH IN 1779
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PORTRAIT OF COUNT PULASKI
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PORTRAIT OF JAMES JACKSON
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PORTRAIT OF ANTHONY WAYNE .
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THE HISTORY OF GEORGIA.
CHAPTER I.
SIR JAMES WRIGHT. - HIS FITNESS FOR THE GUBERNATORIAL OFFICE. - WAR BETWEEN THE CHEROKEES AND THE SOUTHI CAROLINIANS. - CON- DUCT OF GOVERNOR LYTTLETON. - ATTAKULLAKULLA. - COLONEL WILL- IAM BULL. - AFFAIR NEAR ETCHOE. - SURRENDER OF FORT LOUDOUN. - TREACHERY OF THE CHEROKEES. - CAPTAIN STUART'S ESCAPE. - FORT PRINCE GEORGE THREATENED. - LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JAMES GRANT. - ETCHOE REDUCED TO ASHES. - THE CHEROKEE TERRITORY DEVASTATED. - THE SAVAGES SUE FOR PEACE.
THE selection of James Wright, Esq., as the successor of Gov- ernor Ellis was appropriate and acceptable. Although a native of South Carolina, of which province his father, Sir Robert Wright, was the chief justice, he was loyal to the traditions of an ancient and honorable English family and unswerving in his allegiance to the British Crown. Having for a period of twenty-one years been the attorney-general of Carolina, to his knowledge of the laws of the realm he united a thorough acquaintance with the sentiments and needs of the Southern colonies. His legal ac- quirements, business habits, familiarity with the conduct of colo- nial affairs, and unquestioned probity admirably qualified him for the prompt and efficient discharge of the duties appertaining to the gubernatorial office. He was also a gentleman of courage, whose honesty of purpose and strict adherence to duty could be shaken neither by threats nor by offers of personal gain. Al- though assuming the reins of government in the sunlight of peace, he was destined to encounter the storms of the Revolution, and, in a brave adherence to the cause of his royal master, to suffer arrest, banishment from the colony, mortification, and loss. It was his lot to preside at an epoch full of doubt and trouble. During his administration the political ties which united Georgia to the mother country were violently sundered, and a union of American colonies was formed which in after years developed VOL. II. 1
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