History of Fremont County, Iowa : containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, etc., a biographical directory of many of its leading citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion, general and local statistic, portraits of early settlers and prominent men, history of Iowa and the Northwest, map of Fremont County, constitution of the state of Iowa, reminiscences, miscellaneous matters, etc, Part 1

Author: Iowa Historical Company, Des Moines
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: Des Moines : Iowa Historical Company
Number of Pages: 816


USA > Iowa > Fremont County > History of Fremont County, Iowa : containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, etc., a biographical directory of many of its leading citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion, general and local statistic, portraits of early settlers and prominent men, history of Iowa and the Northwest, map of Fremont County, constitution of the state of Iowa, reminiscences, miscellaneous matters, etc > Part 1


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org.


Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84



HAROLD B. LEE LIBRAKY BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY


0062726


P


Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from Brigham Young University


https://archive.org/details/historyoffremont00iowa


1876


1876


CITY SCHOOLS


CITY SCHOD


.


HAMBURG CITY SCHOOLS.


HISTORY


OF


FEB


8 1952


Fremont County, Iowa,


CONTAINING


A HISTORY OF THE COUNTY, ITS CITIES, TOWNS, ETC.


A BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY OF MANY OF ITS LEADING CITIZENS, WAR RECORD OF ITS VOLUNTEERS IN THE LATE REBELLION, GENERAL AND LOCAL STATISTICS, PORTRAITS OF EARLY SETTLERS AND PROMI- NENT MEN, HISTORY OF IOWA AND THE NORTHWEST, MAP OF FREMONT COUNTY, CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF IOWA, REMINISCENCES, MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS, ETC.


ILLUSTRATED.


WITHDRAWN From the : . mily History Library ١


DES MOINES: IOWA HISTORICAL COMPANY. 1881.


45097


GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY


HAROLD B. LEE LIBRARY 3


BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY PROVO, UTAH


PREFACE.


There is no proper place in history for the element of fiction. In the correct delineation of a landscape the artist judiciously employs both lights and shades; so the historian must need contrast the true and the false, that the eternal beauty and symmetry of truth appear, but draw upon the imagination, he may never. As in the landscape, the true outline of objects is obscured in the shadows, requiring the full blaze of day to bring them into proper view, so history brings out the facts partially obscured in the haze of tradition-itself never history.


The history of the growth of any branch of knowledge has a double interest; that which comes to it from the knowledge itself, and that which comes from its relations to the history of the operation of the human mind. Men think under the limitations of their times; they reason on such material as they have; they form their estimate of changes from the facts immediately known to them. What Matthew Arnold has written of man's thoughts as he floats adown the " River of Time," is most true. Says he:


" As is the world on the banks, So is the mind of man. Only the track where he sails Hle wots of: only the thoughts Raised by the objects he passes, are his."


Impressions thus received the mind will modify and work upon, trans- mitting the products to other minds in shapes that often seem new, strange and arbitrary, but which yet result from processes familiar to our experi- ence, and to be found at work in our own individual consciousness. And this is the necessity that renders history, as entirely distinct from tradition, imperative. Here the province of the historian begins. It is imperative on him that he record facts as they are, freed from the gloss given them by verbal transmissions.


We know the present status of Fremont county; know that it ranks among the first in political influence, and is not a whit behind in the intel- ligence of its people and its jealous regard for education; know that its material resources are practically unlimited, and the promise for its future ever brightening. Now, to clearly understand this happy present, its


IV


PREFACE.


glories and its greatness, its opportunities and its wonders, it is our duty to look back to their sources. We shall find that the seeds which have so auspiciously borne fruit in this present generation, were sown by men tried and true; men who deserve to be remembered, not merely as historic names, but as men in whose broad breasts beat the noblest hearts, and within whose rustic homes were to be found the very bone and sinew of this western world; men whose sterling worth and integrity have con- tributed very largely to its present high position. Who were these men, and what have they done? "Let the mighty mounds that overlook the rivers, or that rise in the dim forests crowded with old oaks," let the rec- ords of those dark days when the nation's life was imperilled, answer.


The whole history of this county is one of surpassing interest, and the more it is studied the clearer does it become that underlying its records are certain truths which afford a clew to the causes that have contributed so powerfully to bring it to its present marked prominence. They will be found identical with those which have influenced the history of the nations during many centuries. Albeit, they do not possess that far- reaching influence which groups the centuries into eras, yet to those immediately interested they are not a whit less tragical. To narrate these facts is the objects of these pages; with what success this has been done we do not presume to say. It has been our aim to learn and pre- sent the truth without favor or prejudice.


It has heretofore been possible for the scholar, with leisure and a com- prehensive library, to trace out the written history of his county by patient research among voluminous government documents and dusty records, sometimes old and scarce; but these sources of information and the time to study them are not at the command of most of those who are intelligently interested in local history, and there are many unpub- lished facts to be rescued from the failing memories of the oldest resi- dents, who would soon have carried their information with them to the grave; and others to be obtained from the citizens best informed in regard to the various present interests and institutions of the county which should be treated of in giving its history. This service of research and record, which very few could have undertaken for themselves, the publishers of this work have performed; while a few unimportant mistakes may, per- haps, be found in such a multitude of details, in spite of the care exer- cised in the production of the volume, they still confidently present this result of many weeks labor, as a true and orderly narration of all the events in the history of the county which were of sufficient interest and value to merit such a record.


Under the sway of cause and effect, historic events cannot stand alone- they form an unbroken chain. The history of so limited a territory as a county in Iowa has its roots not only in remote times, but in distant


V


PREFACE.


lands, and cannot be justly written out without consulting the influence of such a foreign element; nor can such a county history be understood in its due relation without a historic review of at least the state of which the county is a part, hence, we feel that in giving such an outline, we have been more faithful to the main purpose of the work, while we have added an element of independent interest and value.


In the preparation of this volume the oldest residents and others have cheerfully volunteered their services in the undertaking, adding largely to the value of the results attained. Special thanks are due to the following gen- tlemen, who have not only aided us by placing at our disposition much val- uable matter, but have themselves devoted much time to searching records, and affording every opportunity in their power to perfect the chronological sequence of the data used: A. P. Stafford, county auditor; W. G. Tem- pleton, clerk; A. D. King, treasurer; W. R. Yowell, recorder; county superintendent, Miss Alice Williams; George C. Fleming; C. S. Hanley; Mr. Wilcox; L. Lingenfelter, author of " A Centennial History of Fre- mont County ;" Judge T. R. Stockton; Giles Cowles, Esq .; Mrs. Acord; Judge E. H. Sears; Rev. John Todd; Dr. D, Lumm; Sam'l Jacobs; Prof. J. E. Todd; Rev. W. M. Brooks; Judge E. H. Hedges; and the Demo- crat and Union-Advocate. Invaluable aid has been afforded by the county officials, and Mrs. C. B. Shoemaker, of Clarinda, Page county, the last named having kindly furnished the early files of the Fremont County Herald, complete. The clergy and church officers have been universally obliging in placing at our command the needed statistics of their several societies.


We little doubt that the book will be a welcome one to the inhabitants of Fremont county, for all take a just pride in whatever calls to mind the scenes and incidents of other days. It is presented in the assurance that the work done will meet with the heartiest approval of our readers; and if, through that commendation, it awakens an earnest spirit of enterprise and emulation among the younger citizens of the county, it will be a source of just pleasure to the author and the.


PUBLISHERS.


CONTENTS.


Page.


The Northwest Territory 19


Geographical Position. 19


Early Explorations .. 20


Territorial History 173


177


English Explorations and Settle-


ments ..


American Settlements. 59


Division of the Northwest Territory 65


69


The State University.


State Historical Society 193


The Penitentiary. 194


Additional Penitentiary. 195


Iowa Hospital for the Insane 195


Iowa College for the Blind. 197


Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. 199


Soldiers' Orphans' Homes 199


201


Asylum for Feeble Minded Children The Reform School. 202


Fish Hatching Establishment .. 203


The Public Lands. 204


The Public Schools. 218


Political Record. 9.23


War Record 229


Infantry 223


244


Cavalry


247


Miscellaneous. 248


Casulties among Officers of Iowa


Regiments during the War. . . .. 250


Casulties among Enlisted Mon of


lowa Regiments during the War. 252 Number of Troops Furnished by the State of Iowa, &c .. 254


Population of Iowa ..


Illinois. 257


Indiana 259


Iowa. . 260


Michigan 263


261


Wisconsin


Minnesota. 266


Nebraska. 267


Constitution of the United States and its Amendments. . 269


Vote for Governor, 1879, and Presi- dent 1876. 283


Vote for Congressmen, 1876 .... 283


Practical Rules for every day Use. . 284


U. S. Government Land Measure .. 287


Surveyor's Measure. 288


How to keep Accounts. 288


Names of the States of the Union, and their Significations .. 290 Population of United States. 291 Population of Fifty Principal Cities 291


Geographical Situation.


109


Topography. 109


Drainage System. 110


Rivers 111


Lakes. 118


119


Springs 120


Origin of the Prairies


Geology. 120


The Azoic System. 121


Lower Silurian System 122


Upper Silurian System. 123


Devonian System 123


Carboniferous System. 124


Sub-carboniferous System. 124


The Coal-measure Group 127


Cretaceous System. 129


130


Peat


Gypsum 131


Minor Deposits of Sulphate of Lime 135


Sulphate of Strontia. . 136


Sulphate of Baryla. 137


Sulphate of Magnesia 137


Climatology. 137


The History of the State of Iowa. 139


Discovery and Occupation 139


-- The Original Owners. 147


Pike's Expedition 151


Indian Wars .. 152


The Black Hawk War .. 157


Indian Purchases, Reserves and


Treaties. 159


Spanish Grants .. 163


The Half-breed Tract. 164


Early Settlements .. 166


Discovery of the Ohio.


32


The Boundary Question 181


State Organization. 185


The Agricultural College and Farm 187


Tecumseh, and the War of 1812 ....


Black Hawk, and the Black Hawk War ..


73


Present Condition of the Northwest The Early History of Illinois 88


79


Early Discoveries. 88


First French Occupation. 91


Genius of La Salle. 92


Early Settlements 94


95


Physical Features of Prairie States Progress of Development. 101 102


99


Material Resources of the State 103


Coal is King. 106


The Religion and Morals.


Education. 107


The State of Iowa. . 109


Artillery.


State Normal School. 201


The " Compaet of 1787"'


34


Growth and Progress. 186


Page.


CONTENTS.


VII


Population of Principal Countries Page.


Page .


of the World. . 292


Orders 300


Abstract of Iowa State Laws. 293


1


Bills of Exchange and Notes.


293


Interest


293


Confession of Judgment. 306


Articles of Agreement. 307


Bills of Sale.


308


Taxes. .. 295


Jurisdiction of Courts. 297


Limitation of Actions. 297


Jurors. . 297


Capital Punishment. 298


Married Women. 298


Exemptions from Execution 298


Form of Note. 313


Estrays. 299


Chattel Mortgage 314


Wolf Scalps. 300


Marks and Brands. 300


Damages from Trespass. 300


Fences. 300


Mechanic's Liens. 301


Roads and Bridges 302


Intoxicating Liquors. 317


Adoption of Children. 303


Surveyors and Surveys 303


Support of Poor ..


303


Landlord and Tenant.


304


Weights and Measures.


305


Constitution of Iowa 3


HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.


Introduction 321


Position. 322


First Deed Made and Recorded. 401


Geography


323


First Mortgage 404


Rivers. 327


First Chattel Mortgage 405


Lakes. 328


First Probate .. 406


Climate 329


Early Marriages. 407


Geology of Fremont County. 332


The Early Ferries. 409


The Loess 332


334


County Finances. 411


Coal Measures.


335


Table of Valuation, 1879. 414


Mineral Resources. 337


Railroads ..


420


Natural History of Fremont County 338


The Swamp Land and Railroad


427


Plantæ.


355


Reptilia.


360


Official Vote, 1880.


455


Mollusca. 363


Mammals 365


Indian Affairs. 367


Floods of 1849 and 1851. 369


The Name Wahbonsa 369


County Organization. 370


Temperance


466


Educational 468


The Rocky Mountain Locust. 473


War History and County Roster 447


The Southern Border Brigade. 501


The Pioneer.


502


To the Present. 504


Early Settlers and Settlements. 508


Incidents and Accidents. 513 Homicides of Fremont County 521


The Press .


532


Incidents in the History of Tabor .. 588 History of Tabor College. 574, 593


447


County Officers from the Earliest Date. 456


Local Fair Association 462


County Medical Society 462


Religious.


464


The First Townships 375


The County Seat. . 376


Argyle's Store, etc. . 377


The First District Court. 383


The Second District Court .. 385


Judge Sloan and the last District Court 386


From the Third District Courtto the Present Time. 386


District Judges and Judicial Dis- tricts ... 396


The Circuit Court ..


397


Some Early Legal Documents. 398


Notes 308


Receipts. 306


Bills of Purchase .. 306


Descent .


293


Wills and Estates. 294


Notice to Quit


309


Form of Will 309


Codicil. 310


Satisfaction of Mortgage. 310


Forms of Mortgage. 311


Form of Lease. 312


Warranty Deed. 314


Quit Claim Deed. 315


Bond for Deed. 315


Charitable, Scientific and Religious Associations. 316


Suggestions to those Purchasing Books by Subscription .. 319


Statistics of Agriculture of Iowa (Census of 1875). 320


Definition of Commercial Terms. 303


First Land Entries. 401


Avidæ


339


Grants .


First Elections.


The Draft ..


The First Representative. 410


:


VIII


CONTENTS.


TOWNSHIP HISTORIES.


Page.


Boundaries and Organization. 535


Prairie Township.


560


Benton Township.


539


Riverside Township ..


562


Fisher Township.


542


Riverton Township.


564


Franklin Township.


548


Ross Township. .


567


Lost Grove Township


555


Sidney Township


601


Madison Township.


556


Scott Township ..


611


Monroe Township


558


Walnut Township


614


BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.


Benton Township.


617


Riverside Township. 679


Fisher Township ..


758


Riverton Township


684


Franklin Township (778) 628


Ross Township.


699


Locust Grove Township


647


-Scott Township.


715


Madison Township.


656


Sidney Township


725


Monroe Township.


671


Walnut Township.


773


Prairie Township.


675


PORTRAITS.


Cornelius W. McKissick


227


Wm. M. Brooks, opposite


400


Rev. John Todd.


261


Merrel Otes,


512


L. Carman. .


279


Daniel F. Paul,


592


Charles S. Hanley, opposite.


320


Samuel Holmes,


.


656


Page.


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099 99 955 Me Case For Youinen E


THE CONSTITUTION OF IOWA.


We, the people of the state of Iowa, grateful to the Supreme Being for the blessings hitherto enjoyed, and feeling our dependence on Him for a continuation of those blessings, do ordain and establish a free and inde- pendent government, by the name of the state of Iowa, the boundaries whereof shall be as follows:


Beginning in the middle of the main channel of the Mississippi river, at a point due east of the middle of the mouth of the main channel of the Des Moines river; thence up the middle of the main channel of the said Des Moines river, to a point on said river where the northern boun- dary line of the state of Missouri-as established by the constitution of that state, adopted June 12, 1820-crosses the said middle of the main channel of the said Des Moines river; thence westwardly along the said northern boundary line of the state of Missouri, as established at the time aforesaid, until an extension of said line intersects the middle of the main channel of the Missouri river; thence up the middle of the main channel of the said Missouri river to a point opposite the middle of the main channel of the Big Sioux river, according to Nicollett's map; thence up the main channel of the said Big Sioux river, according to the said map, until it is intersected by the parallel of forty-three degress and thirty minutes, north latitude; thence east along said parallel of forty-three degrees and thirty minutes, until said parallel intersects the middle of the main channel of the Mississippi river; thence down the middle of the main channel of the said Mississippi river to the place of beginning.


ARTICLE I .- BILL OF RIGHTS.


SECTION 1. All men are, by nature, free and equal, and have certain inalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness.


SEC. 2. All political power is inherent in the people. Government is instituted for the protection, security and benefit of the people, and they have the right, at all times, to alter or reform the same, whenever the public good may require it.


SEC. 3. The general assembly shall make no law respecting an estab- lishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; nor shall any person be compelled to attend any place of worship, pay tithes, taxes or other rates, for building or repairing place of worship, or the maintenance of any minister or ministry.


SEC: 4. No religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office of public trust, and no person shall be deprived of any of his rights, privileges or capacities, or disqualified from the performance of any of his public or private duties, or rendered incompetent to give evidence in any court of law or equity, in consequence of his opinions on the subject of religion; and any party to any judicial proceeding shall have the right to use as a witness, or take the testimony of, any other person, not disqualified on account of interest, who may be cognizant of any fact material to the case; and parties to suits may be witnesses, as provided by law.


SEC. 5. Any citizen of this state, who may hereafter be engaged, either directly or indirectly, in a duel, either as principal or accessory before the fact, shall forever be disqualified from holding any office under the constitution and laws of this state.


4


CONSTITUTION OF IOWA.


SEC. 6. All laws of a general nature shall have a uniform operation; the general assembly shall not grant to any citizen or class of citizens, privileges or immunities, which upon the same terms shall not equally belong to all citizens.


SEC. 7. Every person may speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that right. No law shall be passed to restrain or abridge the liberty of speech, or of the press. In all prosecutions or indictments for libel, the truth may be given in evidence to the jury, and if it appear to the jury that the matter charged as libelous was true, and was published with good motives and for justifiable ends, the party shall be acquitted.


SEC. 8. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses papers and effects, against unreasonable seizures and searches, shall not be violated; and no warrant shall issue but on probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons and things to be seized.


SEC. 9. The right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate: but the gen- eral assembly may authorize trial by a jury of a less number than twelve men in inferior courts; but no person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law.


SEC. 10. In all criminal prosecutions, and in cases involving the life or liberty of an individual, the accused shall have a right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury; to be informed of the accusation against him; to have a copy of the same when demanded; to be confronted with the witness against him; to have compulsory process for his witnesses; and to have the assistance of counsel.


SE.c 11. All offences less than felony, and in which the punishment does not exceed a fine of one hundred dollars, or imprisonment for thirty days, shall be tried summarily before a justice of the peace, or other offi- cer authorized by law, on information under oath, without indictment or the intervention of a grand jury, saving to the defendant the right of appeal; and no person shall be held to answer for any higher criminal offence, unless on presentment or indictment by a grand jury, except in cases aris- ing in the army or navy, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger.


SEC. 12. No person shall, after acquittal, be tried for the same offence. All persons shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, except for capital offenses, where the proof is evident or the presumption great.


SEC. 13. The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended or refused, when application is made as required by law, unless in case of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.


SEC. 14. The military shall be subordinate to the civil power. No standing army shall be kept up by the state in time of peace; and in time of war, no appropriation for a standing army shall be for a longer time than two years.


SEC. 15. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, except in the man- ner prescribed by law.


SEC. 16. Treason against the state shall consist only in levying war against it, adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the evidence of two wit- nesses to the same overt act, or confession in open court.


SEC. 17, Excessive bail shall not be required; excessive fines shall not be imposed, and cruel and unusual punishment shall not be inflicted.


5


CONSTITUTION OF IOWA.


SEC. 18. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation first being made, or secured to be made, to the owner thereof, as soon as the damages shall be assessed by a jury, who shall not take into consideration any advantages that may result to said owner on account of the improvement for which it is taken.


SEC. 19. No person shall be imprisoned for debt in any civil action on mesne or final process, unless in case of fraud; and no person shall be imprisoned for a military fine in time of peace.


SEC. 20. The people have the right freely to assemble together to counsel for the common good; to make known their opinions to their rep- resentatives, and to petition for a redress of grievances.


SEC. 21. No bill of attainder. ex-post-facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, shall ever be passed.


SEC. 22. Foreigners who are, or may hereafter become residents of this state, shall enjoy the same rights in respect to the possession, enjoy- ment, and descent of property, as native born citizens.


SEC. 23. There shall be no slavery in this state; nor shall there be involuntary servitude, unless for the punishment of crime.


SEC. 24. No lease or grant of agricultural lands, reserving any rent or service of any kind, shall be valid for a longer period than twenty years. SEC. 25. The enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others, retained by the people.


ARTICLE HI-RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE.


SECTION 1. Every white male citizen of the United States, of the age of twenty-one years, who shall have been a resident of this state six months next preceding the election, and of the county in which he claims his vote, sixty days, shall be entitled to vote at all elections which are now or hereafter may be authorized by law.


SEC. 2. Electors shall, in all cases except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest on the days of election, during their attendance at such elections, going to and returning therefrom.


SEC. 3. No elector shall be obliged to perform military duty on the day of election, except in time of war or public danger.


SEC. 4. No person in the military, naval or marine service of the United States shall be considered a resident of this state by being stationed in any garrison, barrack, or military or naval place or station within the state.




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