USA > Iowa > Fremont County > History of Fremont County, Iowa : containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, etc., a biographical directory of many of its leading citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion, general and local statistic, portraits of early settlers and prominent men, history of Iowa and the Northwest, map of Fremont County, constitution of the state of Iowa, reminiscences, miscellaneous matters, etc > Part 56
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Thomas J. Miller, eighth corporal, enlisted August 5, '63.
PRIVATES.
Melvin T. Heloy, enlisted August 14, '63. Jacob Parley, enlisted August 4, '63.
James A. Hughes, enlisted July 26, '63.
John Atkinson, enlisted August 3, '63. John Brady, enlisted July 30, '63. Richard W. Barnes, enlisted August 15, '63. Hiram H. Chaney, enlisted July 18, '63. Thomas Clune, enlisted July 25, '63. Freeman L. Davis, enlisted July 11, '63. Wm. Edgerton, enlisted July 17, '63. Garrett A. Fimple, enlisted August 15, '63. James H. Farmer, enlisted July 17, '63. Levi Irwin, enlisted August 15, '63. Francis Jigger, enlisted August 5, '63. Augustus Johnston, enlisted August 14, ,63. Wm. Lane, enlisted August 7, '63. Alfred H. Leath, enlisted July 11, '63. Francis M. Miller, enlisted July 11, '63. Larkin Miller, enlisted July 15, '63. Joseph Mooney, enlisted July 25, '63. Augustus Myer, enlisted August 8, '63.
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497
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
John Pool, enlisted July 11, '63. Geo. A. Smith, enlisted July 11, '63. Isaac M. Shelton, enlisted August 5, '63. Geo. M. Sleeser, enlisted August 17, '63. J. L. Throckmorton, enlisted July 31, '63. Albion P. Wilson, enlisted August 3, '63.
SECOND BATTERY IOWA LIGHT ARTILLERY.
Albert G. Atkinson, second sergeant, enlisted August 23, '61. Thomas Tallis, fourth sergeant, enlisted August 8, '6 1 Charles O'Dewey, fifth sergeant, enlisted August 23, '61. Morris Sober, eighth corporal, enlisted August 18, '61.
PRIVATES.
David S. Bryant, enlisted August 18, '61. Noah P. Bixler, enlisted August 23, '61.
Christ Buffington, enlisted August 18, '61.
William Keplinger, enlisted August 23, '61; discharged for disability October 17, '62.
Francis W. McKinley, enlisted August 18, '61.
John S. Madden, enlisted August 18, 61.
F. W. Sutherland, enlisted August 23, '61.
SOUTHERN BORDER BRIGADE-FOURTH BATTALION.
COMPANY A.
Washington Hoyt, captain, commissioned October 18, '62. Reuben W. Marvin, lieutenant, commissioned October 18, '62. Jacob D. Harding, orderly sergeant, enlisted September 17, '62.
PRIVATES.
Isaac Ashton, enlisted September 17, '62. James Atchison, enlisted September 17, '62. Benjamin Bobbitt, enlisted September 17, '62. Jesse Burdick, enlisted September 17, '62. Fred Bartholomei, enlisted September 17, '62. Matthew Burt, enlisted September 17, '62. John L. Burt, enlisted September 17, '62. Joseph Brackney, enlisted September 17, '62. Wm. Ballinger, enlisted September 17, '62. Jacob Binkley, enlisted September 17, '62.
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498
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
Silas Burt, enlisted September 17, '62. George W. Baldwin, enlisted October 22 '62. John C. Brown, enlisted October 22, '62. James H. Coles, enlisted September 17, '62. Aaron Cox, enlisted September 17, '62. Wm. H. Chapman, enlisted September 17, '62. Mark J. Chapman, enlisted September 17, '62. Jno. W. Carter, enlisted September 17, '62. John J. Cook, enlisted September 17, '62. Jesse B. Cook, enlisted September 17, '62. John Coy, enlisted September 17, '62. Burrell Campbell, enlisted October 22, '62. Robert Duncan, enlisted September 17, '62. Chas. Dailey, enlisted September 17, '62. Thomas Demitt, enlisted September 17, '62. George Douglas, enlisted October 22, '62. Uriah Eggleston, enlisted September 17, '62. Alfred Gill, enlisted September 17, '62. A. W. Humphrey, enlisted September 17, '62. Nicholas Hiatt, enlisted September 17, '62. Jno. N. Harris, enlisted October 20, '62. Jno. Hill, enlisted October 22, '62.
Wm. M. Howell, enlisted October 22, '62. Jno. M. Irwin, enlisted September 17, '62. Jno. C. Irwin, enlisted September 17, '62. Hugh Irwin, enlisted September 17, '62. John Irwin, enlisted September 17, '62. Jno. L. Irons, enlisted September 17, '62. Tompkins Jones, enlisted September 17, '62. Wm. S. Knight, enlisted September 17, '62. Austin F. Knox, enlisted September 17, '62. Henry Keyser, enlisted September 17, '62. Leander J. Keyser, enlisted September 17, '62. David Kelvey, enlisted September 17, '62. Chas. L. Le Barron, enlisted October 21, '62. Mack F. Mooman, enlisted September 17, '62. Achelaus S. Martin, enlisted September 17, '62. Joseph McClure, enlisted September 17, '62, John F. Mooman, enlisted September 17, '62. Isaac Morical, enlisted September 17, '62. Thomas Morical, enlisted September 17, '62. Joseph W. Martin, enlisted September 17, '62. Robert Morical, enlisted September 17, '62.
499
HISTORY OF FREMONT . COUNTY.
John F. Morris, enlisted September 17, '62. Milton McCartney, enlisted September 17, '62. Daniel D. Mooman, enlisted September 17, '62. Jno. I. Martin, enlisted September 17, '62. Cyrus McCracken, enlisted September 17, '62. Granville Mann, enlisted October 22, '62. Wm. McCracken, enlisted October 22, '62. Francis M. Paul, enlisted September 17, '62. John N. Penn, enlisted September 17, '62. Chas. N. Pendleton, enlisted October 20, '62. Jason Rector, enlisted September 17, '62. Abner M. Reeves, enlisted September 17, '62. Christopher C. Reeves, enlisted September 17 '62. Jos. Reel, enlisted September 17, '62. 1 Harvey C. Reed, enlisted September 17, '62. John Rowe, enlisted September 17, '62. Lewis H. Rickard, enlisted September 17, '62. Robert D. Snow, enlisted September 17, 62. Joseph Stephens, enlisted September 17, '62. Clark Stillman, enlisted September 17, '62. David M. Story, enlisted September 17, '62. Lorenzo D. Stephens, enlisted September 17, '62. Andrew R. Smith, enlisted September 17, '62. Lorenzo D. Sperry, enlisted Sept 17, '62. Marquis L. Smith, enlisted September 17, '62. Marcus Smith, enlisted September 17, '62. Jacob H. Stephens, enlisted September 17, '62. J. L. Throckmorton, enlisted September 17, '62. Lewis N. Thomas, enlisted October 21, '62. John Taylor, enlisted October 22, '62. Nelson A. Talcott, enlisted October 22, '62. John Van Ness, enlisted September 17, '62. Japtha Westfall, enlisted September 17, '62. Francis L. Whiting, enlisted September 17, '62. Samuel S. Wilcox, enlisted September 17, '62. Wilson M. Woodburn, enlisted October 22, '62. Daniel H. Warren, enlisted October 22, '62. Nathaniel P. White, enlisted October 22, '62. Wm. Zimmerman, enlisted September 17, 62. Urial J. Zimmerman, enlisted October 22, '62.
500
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY. FIRST NEBRASKA CAVALRY.
COMPANY E.
Addison R. McGinnis, corporal, enlisted January 18, '61; promoted to quarter-master sergeant December 1, '64.
PRIVATES.
Jno. C. Clune, enlisted June 18, '61; died at St. Louis, December 16, '62. Ferman C. Washburn, enlisted June 18, '61; promoted to corporal March 3, '63.
COMPANY F.
Jas. D. Corran, fifth sergeant, enlisted June 15, '61.
Felix R. Van Eaton, first corporal, enlisted June 15, '61; discharged September 28, '62.
Abram D. Hiles, first corporal, enlisted June 15, '61.
PRIVATES.
John F. Lindley, enlisted June 15, '61.
John C. R. Burns, enlisted June 15, '61; deserted March 8, '63. James O. Foster, enlisted June 15, '61; wounded at Fort Donaldson. James Junkins, enlisted June 15, '61.
David L. Junkins, enlisted June 15, '61.
Charles Johnson, enlisted June 15, '61; discharged November 17, '62. Carl Lindell, enlisted June 15, '61.
Archibald Study, enlisted June 15, '61.
Francis M. Study, enlisted June 15; '61.
COMPANY G.
PRIVATES.
Wm. M. Call, enlisted June 15, '61.
COMPANY I. PRIVATES.
Geo. M. Daily, enlisted February 6, '63.
Marion Summers, enlisted August 1, '61; died at Memphis, August 16, '62.
TWENTY-SEVENTH WISCONSIN INFANTRY.
COMPANY H. PRIVATES.
William Linstrum.
501
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
THE SOUTHERN BORDER BRIGADE.
During the war with the Southern Confederacy the entire range of counties on the Missouri line were in a state of feverish excitement or apprehension, fearing invasion by armed bands from Missouri. Raids were made in the counties lying further to the eastward, resulting in the destruction of both life and property. There being no concerted action, the defense, if made at all, was a most weakly one, for most of the men of courage and veterans were at the front doing valiant service for their country. To insure the better protection of the citizens along the border the general assembly, at the extra session, in 1862, directed the organiza- tion of the Southern Border brigade, the name of which is suggestive of its objects and the men who composed it. In pursuance of the act just referred to, enlistment books were opened and names began to be enrolled. The entire number of enlistments was 794, an average of 79.4 to each county.
During the progress of the war, and while the excitement ran highest, every stranger was regarded as a renegade or a spy, every company of two was made the object of the most vigilant military espionage, and " suspicious characters" figured largely in contributing to the general excitement. That these "attentions" were as often unjust and unwar- ranted as proper and correct will now be admitted, and in view of the anxiety and continued "scare" of very many reputable citizens, can be pardoned them.
There seems to have been no trouble in Fremont county until October 30, 1863, when Colonel E. H. Sears reported as follows to Adjutant-Gen- eral Baker:
I have to report to you that this day a party of men, five or six in number passed through this county. From the suspicious appearance and conduct of these men, the provost-marshal of the county, (Van Eaton), thought it his duty to ascertain their real character. Calling to his assistance Captain Hoyt, with five or six of his men, he followed these men, who had taken the Nebraska City road across the Missouri bottom.
The marshal and his posse came upon them a few miles this side of the Mis- souri river. They immediately without passing a word, fired upon our men, killing the marshal immediately by a shot through the head, and wounding one other man.
Our men returned the fire, wounding one of the bushwhackers. They were armed with two revolvers each, and our men with but one; after using their last shot our men left the contest. The enemy also left in the direction of the Missouri river. I have directed Captain Hoyt to take a sufficient number of men and scour the Missouri bottom in this county in search of the bushwhackers and
502
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
murderers. From present indications I fear trouble here during the fall and winter. Nebraska is full of rebel renegades, and we have only escaped them by a strict police.
Any instructions or suggestions from you would be gladly received by me.
Respectfully yours, E. H. SEARS, Aid-de-Camp, &c.
There seemed to have been no other disturbance in the county of suffi- cient note to warrant an official communication to the adjutant general relative thereto, except the single one to be found under the history of the new court house and relating directly thereto. After the clouds of war have passed, and men have placed aside their prejudices, and have some insight into the financial history of the county during these times, another and much more probable cause of its destruction readily occurs.
But while there is an occasional official report relating to deeds which were perhaps unlawful in their nature, nothing appears in the records with reference to acts which are inexcusable by the laws of war. In more than one instance have persons been arrested, tried by court-martial in the county, and suffered the penalty of death without the semblance of justice or the shadow of right. It has often been remarked that the martial spirit ran highest, and lynch law soonest resorted to, by those who were careful to keep away from the seat of war, and were bravest when among many kindred spirits.
But these things have passed, and while they are thus recorded in their . proper place in history, it is not the desire nor the intention to arouse again the feelings of enmity and hatred which long since should have been banished from the hearts of men.
THE PIONEER.
Lo! here the smoke of cabins curled, The borders of the middle world; And mighty, hairy, half-wild men Sat down in silence, held at bay By mailed horse. Far away The red men's boundless borders lay, And lodges stood in legions there, Striped pyramids of painted men. What sturdy, uncommon men were these, These settlers hewing to the seas;
503
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
Great horny handed men, and tan; Men blown from any border land; Men desperate and red of hand, And men in love and men in debt, And men who lived but to forget, And men whose very hearts had died, Who only sought these woods to hide Their wretchedness, held in vain! Yet every man among them stood Alone, along the sounding wood, And every man, somehow a man, A race of unnamed giants these, That moved like gods among the trees, So stern, so stubborn-browed and slow, With strength of blacked-maned buffalo, And each man notable and tall, A kindly and unconscious Saul, A sort of sullen Hercules. A star stood large and white awest, Then time uprose and testified; They push'd the mailed wood aside, They toss'd the forest like a toy, That great forgotten race of men The boldest band that yet has been Together since the siege of Troy, And followed it-and found their rest. What strength! What strife! What rude unrest! What shocks! What half shaped armies met! A mighty nation moving west, With all its steely sinews set Against a living forest. Here, The shouts, the shots of Pioneer! The rended forests! rolling wheels, As if some half checked army reels, Recoils, redoubles, comes again, Loud sounding like a hurricane. Oh bearded, stalwart, westmost men, So tower like, so Gothic built! A kingdom won without the guilt Of studied battles, that hath been Your blood's inheritance, Your heirs Know not your tombs. The great plowshares Cleaves softly through the mellow loam Where you have made eternal home And set no sign.
504
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
Your epitaphs Are written in furrows. Beauty laughs While through the green waves wandering Beside her love, slow gathering, White starry hearted, May time blooms Above your lowly level'd toombs; And then below the spotted sky She stops, she leans, she wonders why The ground is heaved and broken so, And why the grasses darker grow And droops, and trail like wounded wing. Yea, time, the grand old Harvester,
Has gathered you from wood and plane.
We call to you again, again; The rush and rumble of the car
Comes back in answer. Deep and wide The wheels of progress have pass'd on;
The silent Pioneer is gone, His ghost is moving down the trees,
And now we push the memories,
Of bluff, bold men who dared and died In foremost battle, quite aside.
Oh perfect Eden of the earth, In poppies sown, in harvest set;
Oh sires, mothers of my west;
How shall we count your proud request?
But yesterday you gave us birth; We eat your hard earned bread to-day, Nor toil, nor spin, nor make regret,
But praise our pretty selves and say How great we are, and all forget The still endurance of the rude
Unpolish'd sons of solitude .- Joaquin Miller.
TO THE PRESENT.
Many years ago the hardy and ambitious sons and daughters, who first came to Fremont county, left their paternal roofs and sought homes in the untamed wilderness of what was then the West. They were not the effeminate sons and languid daughters of wealthy parents, who had been reared in the lap of luxury, for such never dare the perils of a frontier life. They had, from their infancy been taught, by precept and example, that
505
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
industry and economy which had enabled their fathers to thrive among the rocks and hills of Kentucky. Some of them started alone, with knap- sacks on their backs, rifles on their shoulders, and axes in their hands. Thus accoutred they bade adieu for a time to the loved ones at home, and turned their faces westward to seek their future homes and fortunes in the wilderness. For a time they followed the trail of previous emigrants, but sooner or later they abandoned this, left the borders of civilization, and struck into the forest. Having selected suitable locations and secured their titles-if the latter were needed-they began preparations for the future. Temporary shelters were constructed, and clearings were begun; while this work was in progress these solitary laborers procured what sup- plies they required from St. Joseph, the nearest settlement and many miles away. Their nearest neighbors were sometimes a score of miles in the forest or on the prairie-and with these they occasionally exchanged visits or planned for the future. By night they lay in their rude shelters on beds of grass, or even boards hewn from the logs they had felled, to dream of the homes they had left, or those their fancy pic- tured; or, in their intervals of wakefulness, listened to the distant howling of the wolf, or were startled by the near hooting of the owl. Day after day they toiled on, sustained solely by their hopes of and plans for the future. The work of the adventurer completed, he turned his face home- ward, and with light heart came again to the scenes of childhood. Here were parents, and brothers, and sisters, to welcome him warmly and listen to the recital of his experience in the western wild. He received a still more hearty welcome from another, who, during his long absence, had not ceased to think of him by day and to dream of him by night. She listened to the story of his doings with a deeper interest, for to her and him they were matters of equal importance.
A wedding soon occurred, and the last winter of the pair in their na- tive state was a season of busy preparation for removal to their western home, interspersed with social gatherings and merry-makings among the scenes and companions of their childhood. They sat down to their last Thanksgiving dinner, attended their last Christmas and New Year's fes- tivals with former playmates and school-fellows, and on the approach of spring bade adieu to all the old friends and scenes, and departed for their new home. At length the last settlement was reached. Then they en- tered at once upon the realities of pioneer life, for now there were no roads to guide them; behind were the last vestiges of civilization; ahead was a strange land and deep privation. The clearing of the summer be- fore is at length reached, and the busy cares of a frontier home life begin. They passed the winter in the woods-for the early settlers of Fremont avoided the open prairie. The sound of the husband's axe echoed through the forest by day, and the wife plied her evening care in the cheer-
506
HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
ful glow of the blazing hearth at night. Their simple fare and active ex- ercise insured them robust health, and though their surroundings were quite different from those in the midst of which they had been reared, this was the home which they had made for themselves, and they were happy in the enjoyment of it. During the summer other settlers had come in, some singly, others with their families, and neighbors were more num- erous and less distant, and the monotony of their life was varied by an oc- casional visit from or among these. This social intercourse among the pioneers had none of the bad features which have characterized that of later times. There were among them no conventionalities, no unmeaning expressions of civility, no unkind criticisms of each other's dress and sur- roundings, no rivalries, no jealousies, and no hypocritical manifestation of interest in each other's welfare. Each rejoiced in his neighbor's prosper- ity, or sympathized with him in his adversity. These visits were antici- pated with pleasure, and remembered without regret.
Another summer and winter had passed, and changes indicative of in- creasing prosperity were visible. The clearings had become enlarged and fenced, glass had replaced the greased paper in the window of the cabin, a plank door swung on wooden hinges where formerly had hung a blanket, and some flowering shrubbery was growing beside it. Every- thing wore an air of thrift. The solitude of the wife was enlivened by the prattle of her first-born. Immigrants had continued to come, and what was a pioneer residence had become a part of a pioneer settlement. Faster and faster they came flocking in, taking possession of the lands, or push- ing into still unbroken tracts, brought new farms into cultivation.
Now pioneer life was lived on a larger scale. The settler's log cabins more thickly dotted the wilderness, and the clearings about them en- croached more rapidly upon the surrounding forests. Everywhere was heard the ring of the woodman's axe, and seen the smoke from the whirl- winds of flame that were consuming the trees earlier felled. A variety of work went on indoors as well as out, which long ago generally ceased to be done in private homes. Households of those days were in wide con- trast with those of the present. Every good mother taught her daugh- ters a broad range of domestic duties, from washing dishes and log-cabin floors to weaving and making up fine linen. For the house was also the factory, and to none of the good wife's multifarious duties did her indus- trious spirit and proper ambition incline her more strongly than to the making from flax and wool of the fabrics which she and hers might need. For weeks and months the house resounded with the melody of the spin- ning-wheel and loom and other simple machinery, with which every fam- ily answered for itself the question wherewithal it should be clothed. Mother and daughter were proud to appear, even at meetings, in homes-
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HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
spun, if they had made it well, and father and son were not ashamed of the suits which loving hands had fashioned for them.
Twenty years rolled by, and brought with them still greater changes. The old house was only the wing of a new one that had been built of squared logs, covered with split-shingled roofs, lighted by glazed win- dows, and closed by a paneled door. A lawn appeared in front, tastefully ornamented with flowers, and fruit trees were growing on the former site of the garden. An apiary stood at the margin of the lawn, which was bounded by a neat white fence. A commodious framed barn had been builded, and where the forest once stood were fields of waving grain. Beyond the scattered groves might be seen the homes of other farmers. The stream that ran by was spanned by a newer bridge, and he ding-donging of a saw-mill that had been builded on its bank could be heard in the distance. The first born was now a young man. At the well, which still had its primitive sweep, stood a somewhat portly matron, who seemed to look with motherly pride at her son as he strode sturdily along. A middle-aged man was seen walking down the road that came from the mill. It was he who came here years ago with his knapsack, ifle and ax. The woman at the well was the young wife who had come with him a year later. Their industry and economy had been rewarded. They had acquired an honorable competence. But their sky had not ilways been unclouded. They had followed the remains of two of their children to the grave.
Another interval of twenty years passes. 1880 is at hand-is here. An elegant mansion stands on the site of the old log cabin, and all its surroundings show that it is the abode of wealth and refinement. The stream passes under a new bridge, the old-saw-mill has gone to decay, ind the broad prairie is thickly dotted with the homes of newer comers. Spacious fields and elegant farmhouses are seen upon the extended land- scape. A train of cars speeds over the plain, and the tall spires of churches point sky-ward from amongst the houses of the county seat near by. A gray-haired man is busy with the cattte in the farm-yard; 1 portly woman sits by the stove -- which has superceded the fire place- busy with her knitting, while some of the grand-children are playing on the floor, and others engaged in various kinds of work. Another of their children has been added to the group in the cemetery, another has settled n an adjoining town, and two have gone to seek their fortunes in the mountains. Thrice honored, thrice exalted family. The toil of years has brought a rich harvest; the consciousness of a well spent life brings peace o yon whitened locks; and the memory of the trials of other days adds 'est to the enjoyment of the present.
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HISTORY OF FREMONT COUNTY.
EARLY SETTLERS AND SETTLEMENTS.
TO 1849.
There is not a little truth in the trite adage, " tall oaks from little acorn grow." Few enterprises have borne the marks of success at their incep tion, and still fewer reforms that succeeded in revolutionizing public sen timent or correcting glaring wrongs otherwise than by long and patien presentment. A single word has sometimes been fraught with the geniu of change; a single man been able to direct; and a single nation the mos important factor in directing the destinies of a world. It is never possi ble to foretell all the events, nor all the consequences that hinge upon . single action, or upon a single epoch. It seems, sometimes, that the sol element of success is the ability or will to do and to dare. At such time men of courage alone can succeed, alone can control. It is not alway, the righteous cause which triumphs nor the most justifiable ends that win much depends on the character and mind behind these. In this respec Christianity presented the ideal character which, through all the change of eighteen centuries, has inspired the heart of men with an impassione love, has shown itself capable of acting on all ages, nations, tempera ments, and conditions, has been not only the highest pattern of virtue, bu the strongest incentive to its practice, and has exercised so deep an influ ence that it may be truly said that the simple record of three short year of active life has done more to regenerate and soften mankind than all the disquisitions of philosophers, and all the exhortations of moralists. The fact stands prominently forth that an activity born of disinterestedness and noble purposes, may and does draw within the pole of its influence kin -
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