USA > Iowa > Dickinson County > History of Dickinson County, Iowa, together with an account of the Spirit Lake massacre, and the Indian troubles on the northwestern frontier > Part 40
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"'An act to provide for the proper interment of the remains of pioneers on Okoboji and Spirit Lakes, massacred by the Sioux Indians in 1857, and for the erection of a commemo- rative monument.
"'Be it Enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Iowa :
" 'Section 1. That there is hereby appropriated out of any money in the state treasury not otherwise appropriated the sum of five thousand dollars or so much thereof as may be neees- sary for the purposes hereinafter provided.
" 'Sec. 2. That the remains of all persons killed by Inkpa- dutah's band of Sioux Indians in the vicinity of the Diekinson County lakes, in March, 1857, be collected and properly in- terred.
" 'Sec. 3. That a monument fittingly commemorative of this tragie event be erected, upon which shall be inscribed the names of all persons who lost their lives at that time at the hands of the savages.
" 'Sec. 4. That grounds suitable for these purposes shall be selected near the scene of the tragedy, title to which shall be acquired and remain in the state of Iowa.
"'Sec. 5. That said grounds shall be purchased, re-inter- ments made and monument erected before the 4th day of July, 1895.
1 ..
J.F. DUNCOMBE
C.C.
ENTER
1857
1895
MR
ABBIE
thi
-
.ALD
LECH
R.A.SMITHE
-
MONUMENT COMMISSION.
567
THE LAW FOR ITS ERECTION
" .See. 6. A special commission composed of five members shall be appointed by the governor of the state to carry out the provisions of this act, and to take all needful action in the prem- ises consistent with the spirit of the statute. They shall have en- tire management and control of the funds herein appropriated, which shall be paid out on bills approved by the commission. They shall file with the auditor of state a full and complete account of all expenditures, and shall also report to the gov- ernor their proceedings in this connection upon the completion of their labors. The said commission shall serve without com- pensation.
"Only four negative votes were cast in the senate and but few in the house. The bill as introduced named the commissioners, but to please a captious legislator, this clause was stricken cut upon the floor. Governor Jackson, however, promptly appointed as commissioners the parties originally named, to- wit: Hon. C. C. Carpenter, Hon. John F. Duncombe, Hon. R. A. Smith, Mrs. Abbie Gardner Sharp and Hon. Charles Aldrich. The commission proceeded to the performance of its duties practically and vigorously. Though given until the fourth of July to complete the work, the structure was read: to turn over by the contractors early in the spring. Speaking of construction, it may be said that in material and workman- ship it is up to the best standards. The shaft is fifty-five feet in height, composed of Minnesota granite, with alternate sec- tions highly polished. The base upon which the pile rests is fourteen by fourteen feet, the lower course in the shaft is five by five feet. The top is in the form of an arrow head.
"The inscriptions are upon bronze tablets about thirty by forty inches, even more durable than granito, and are given below :
(North Tablet)
w
ERECTED BY ORDER OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF IOWA
1894
(West Tablet)
Roster of the relief expedition, Fort Dodge, March 24, 1857.
MAJOR WM. WILLIAMS, Commanding.
COMPANY A
C. B. Richards, Capt .; F. A. Siratton, 1st Lieut .; L. K. Wright. Sret ; Solon Mason. Cor.
PRIVATES-Wm. Burkholder, G. W. Brizee, C. C. Carpenter, L. D. Crawford, Julius Conrad, Henry Carse. -- Chatterton, Wm. Defore, J. W. Dawson, Wm. Ford. John Farney, John Gales, Andrew Hood, Angus McBane. Wmn. MeCauley, Michael Maher, E. Mahan. W. P. Pollock, W F. Porter, B. F. Parmen- ter, L. B. Ridgeway, Winton Smith. R. A. Smith, Geo. P. Smith, O. S. Spencer, C. Stebbins, Silas Van Cleave, R. U. Wheelock, D. Westerfield.
COMPANY B
John F. Duncombe, Capt ; James Lane, 1st Lieut ; S C. Stevens, 2d Lieut., w. N Koons, sergt .; Thomas Calagan, Corporal.
· PRIVATES-James Addington. A. Burtch. Hiram Benjamin. D. H. Baker, Orlando Bice, Richard Car- ter. A. E. Cronnse, R. F. Carter, Michael Cavanaugh, Jere Evans, John Heffley, O. C. Howe, D. F Howell, A. S. Johnson, Jonas Murray, Daniel Morrisey. G. F. MeClure, A. H. Malcome, Michael McCarty, J. N. McFarland, Rebt. McCormick, John O'Laughlin, Daniel Okeson. Guernsey, Smith. J. M. Thatcher, W. Searles. John White, Washington Williams, Reuben Whetstone.
COMPANY C
J. C. Johnson, Capt .; J. N. Maxwell, 1st Lieut ; F. B. Mason, 2d Lieut .; H. Hoover, Sergt .; A. N. Hathaway, Corporal.
PRIVATES-Thos. Anderson. James Brainard, T. B. Bonebright. Sherman Cassady, W. L. Church, Pat- rick Conlan. H. E Dalley, John Erie. John Gates, Josiah Griffith, James Hickey, H C. Hillock, M. W. Ilowland, E. D. Kellogg, W. K. Laughlin, A. S. Leonard, F. R. Moody, John Nowland. J. C. Pember- son. Alonzo Richardson, Michael Sweeney, Patrick Stafford. A. K. Tullis.
G. R. BISSELL, Surgeon. G. B. SHERMAN, Com'ary.
(East Tablet)
The Pioneer Settlers named below were Massacred by Sioux Indians. March 8-13, 1857. The Barbarous Work was Commenced Near this Spot and Continued to a Spot North of Spirit Lake.
Robert Clark, Rowland Gardner. Francis M. Gard- uer, Rowland Gardner, Jr, Carl Granger, Joseph Harshman, Isaac II. Harriott, Joel Howe. Millie Howe, Jonathan Howe. Sardis Howe, Alfred Howe, Jacob Howe, Philetus Howe, Harvey Luce, Mary M. Luce, Albert Luce, Amanda Luce, Wm. Marble, James H. Mattock, Mary M. Mattock, Alice Mattock, Daniel Mattock, Agnes Mattock, Jacob M. Mattock, Jackson A. Mattock, Robert Matthesen, Lydia Noble. Alvin Noble, John Noble, Enoch Ryan, Bertel E. Snyder, Joshua Stewart, wife and two children, Elizabeth Thatcher, Dora Thatcher, Win. Wood, George Wood.
MEMORANDA
Mrs. Margaret Ann Marble, Mrs. Lydia Noble, Mrs. Elizabeth Thatcher and Miss Abbie Gardner were carried into captivity. Mrs. Marble was rescued May 21st and Miss Gardner June 27, 18år, through the efforts of Gov. Sam Medary and ilon. Charles E. Fland- rau, of Minnesota.
Mrs. Noble and Mrs. Thatcher were mur- dered by the Indians.
(South Tablet)
Captain J. C. Johnson, of Webster City, and Wmn. Burkholder, of Fort Dodge, were frozen to death on the return march in Palo Alto County. April 4, 1857.
Persons Who Fled from the Attack on Spring- field, Minn., and were Rescued by the Relief Expedition:
John Bradshaw, David Carver, Mrs. S. JJ. Church and two children, Eliza Gardner, Geo. Granger, Mrs. Harshman and children, Mr. Harshman (son of preceding) and wife, Morris Markham, Mrs. Wil- liam Nelson and child, Jareb Palmer, A. B. Shieg- ley, J. B. Skinner and wife, Mr. Smith and wife, Dr. E. B. N. Strong, wife and two children, John Stewart, Drusilla Swanger. J. B. Thomas wife and five children.
569
REPORT OF MONUMENT COMMISSION
All of the essential details relative to the building of the monument are contained in the report of the commissioners to the Governor, made July 4, 1895, which is given below : "REPORT OF THE OKOBOJI AND SPIRIT LAKE MONUMENT COMMISSION.
"Sir-The undersigned commissioners having in charge the matter of erecting the monument to the memory of the pioneer settlers massacred by Sioux Indians in the vicinity of Okoboji and Spirit Lakes, in 1857, in respectfully submitting their final report, deem it proper to a full understanding of the subject to copy the legislation relating thereto, as follows : (This act has already been given.)
"As soon as practicable after receiving our commissions we met at the Duncombe House in Fort Dodge, and afterwards at the residence (Gardner cabin) of Mrs. Abbie Gardner Sharp, near Lake Okoboji, where the massacre was commenced on the Sth day of March, 1857. An organization was effected by appointing Cyrus C. Carpenter, chairman, Mrs. Abbie Gardner Sharp, secretary; Charles Aldrich, assitant seere- tary, and John F. Duncombe, attorney. The first action of the commission after organizing was to decide upon the loca- tion, which was fixed on the lot south of that owned by Mrs. Sharp-provided it could be secured without expense to the state. This lot, 100x180 feet, was owned by the Okoboji South Beach Company, who promptly conveyed it as a free gift to the state of Iowa for this purpose. An advertisement was then prepared and published in several newspapers asking for plans and bids for the erection of the proposed monument, the com- missioners reserving to themselves the right to accept any plan or bid or reject all that might be made. The meeting for the examination of the plans and bids took place at the Gardner cabin on the 20th day of June, 1894. Upon a full and careful examination of the several propositions, many of which pos- sessed high merit, it was decided to accept that of P. N. Peter- son, doing business under the name of P. N. Peterson Granite Company, of St. Paul, Minn. This contemplated a shaft fifty- five feet high above the foundation, in alternate blocks of rough and polished Minnesota granite, with a die of 6x6 feet, upon which should be placed four bronze tablets-for the sum of $4,500. The inscriptions placed upon the tablets may be de-
570
DICKINSON COUNTY - IOWA
·
scribed as follows: On the east, the list of murdered settlers ; on the west, a complete roster of the relief expedition com- manded by Major William Williams; on the south, historical memoranda relating to the loss of Captain J. C. Johnson and Private W. E. Burkholder, the list of settlers who escaped from Springfield (now Jackson), Minn., etc. ; and on the north, the coat of arms of Iowa, with these words: 'Erected by order of the Twenty-fifth General Assembly of the State of Iowa.'
"While the time for the completion of the entire work as stipulated in the act was fixed for the 4th of July, 1895, it was completed and ready for acceptance in March preceding that date. A meeting was therefore held on the monument grounds on the 14th day of March, 1895, at which the work was care- fully examined and formally accepted by the commission, the contractor's bill for the cost of its erection approved, and the auditor of state requested to issue his warrant upon the state treasury for the payment thereof. In this connection it is but just to say that, in the judgment of the commission, Mr. Peter-
571
REPORT OF MONUMENT COMMISSION
son carried out every stipulation of his bond and contract, giving to our state a work which in its beauty of design and durability of its material, and the honesty with which it was built, is with- out a rival in the Northwest. This is also the unanimous judgment of all who have examined the monument.
"To Mr. R. A. Smith of the commission was assigned the duty of grading the grounds, superintending the construction of the monument, including the foundation, and gathering to- gether and re-interring the remains of the murdered persons. These last were buried in one broad grave on the east front of the monument.
"To Charles Aldrich was assigned the work of preparing the inscriptions for the tablets.
"The following is a recapitulation of the expenses incurred and paid in this undertaking :
J. & R. Lamb, for tablet designs and drawings. . .. $ 30.00
. The contract price paid to P. N. Peterson. 4,500.00
Expenses allowed to C. C. Carpenter. 40.67
Expenses allowed to John F. Duncombe 11.00
Expenses allowed to R. A. Smith. 252.88
Expenses allowed to Mrs. Abbie Gardner Sharp 118.33
Expenses allowed to Charles Aldrich. 44.82
Total $4,997.70
Amount of appropriation 5.000.00
Balance unexpended. 2.30
"In concluding their duties the commission respectfully beg to suggest that provision should be made by the legislature for providing the monument lot with a permanent fence. Regula- tions should also be made for the appointment of a custodian and the care of the grounds.
"All of which is respectfully submitted.
"July 4, 1894.
"CYRUS C. CARPENTER, "JOHN F .: DUNCOMBE, "RODERICK A. SMITH, "ABBIE GARDNER SHARP. "CHARLES ALDRICH,
"Commissioners. "To HON. FRANK D. JACKSON. "GOVERNOR OF TOWN. "DES MOINES."
572
DICKINSON COUNTY - IOWA
This report was made on the fourth of July, but was not filed with the Governor until the sixteenth of October. The time set for dedicating the monument and turning it over to the state was the twenty-fifth of July. The commissioners were all present on that occasion except Mr. Duncombe, who was in Europe. The following description of the dedication of the monument is from the Spirit Lake Beacon of July 26, 1895:
"THE MONUMENT DEDICATED.
"IN THE PRESENCE OF A MULTIDUDE THE HISTORIC GRANITE IS FORMALLY PRESENTED TO THE STATE BY GOVERNOR CARPENTER AND ACCEPTED BY LIEUTENANT GOV- ERNOR DUNGAAN AND PRIVATE SECRETARY RICHARDS-SPEECHES BY JUDGE FLAN- DRAU, HON. R. A. SMITH AND OTHERS.
"The lake region witnessed yesterday a most unique and in- teresting ceremony. It was a ceremony which brought face to face with history over five thousand people who flocked by excursion train, and wagon, and boat, and bike from the country within a radius of fifty miles to monument place, near Arnold's Park. In Massachusetts, where trod the armies of the Revolu- tion and where lived the great patriots of those stirring times, it is not strange to see shafts of marble to commemorate the achievements of the patriots of that day. Somehow we feel that because a century or more has removed them from us that only there can we reach out and touch with our very hand heroic history. But yesterday, on the shore of beautiful West Okoboji, sun-kissed and breeze-fanned, a shining pearl in the great heart of the waving green and sheaved gold of the agri- cultural Northwest, although but thirty-eight years have wrought ont their drama of life, history stood forth in its crystalliza- tion and granite and bronze and five thousand people reached out their hands and touched the hem of her garment.
"HISTORIC CHARACTERS.
"And it was not only a large crowd of people who gathered to witness the ceremonies of dedication of the monument. It was a historic gathering. On the stage were Ex-Governor Car- penter, who marched with the relief expedition from Fort
573
DEDICATION OF THE MONUMENT
Dodge, and who in that short campaign endured more actual suffering and privation than in all his four years' experience in camp and march during the Rebellion; Judge Hendershott, of Ottumwa, one of the first district judges in the new state of Iowa ; Mrs. I. A. Thomas, one of the survivors of the Spring- field attack, whose eight-year-old son, Willie, was killed, and whose husband lost an arm in the repulse of the reds; Jareb Palmer, who was in the Thomas cabin and assisted in repuls- ing the Indians, and who now lives at Lakefield, in Minne- sota : Ilon. R. A. Smith, president of the day, who is the old- Est pioneer here, one of the relief party to bury the dead; Hon. Charles Aldrich, who was then in the cast for his printing outfit for the Hamilton Freeman, the Web- ster City paper founded by him, and who now is bending all his energies to the preservation of historic records of Iowa; Hon. Charles E. Flandrau, the Indian agent who rescued Abbie Gardner; Chetanmaza, the Dacotah brave, whose shrewdness accomplished the redemption of the girl Abbie Gardner; Mrs. Abbie Gardner Sharp, the girl of 13, the sole survivor of the Spirit Lake massacre, who was taken captive and who now lives in the original cabin of her father, in which he and the rest of his family were killed: Col. Warren S. Dungan, lieu- tenant governor of Towa; W. S. Richards, Governor Jackson's private secretary; State Auditor MeCarthy, Senator Rowen, of Clarion ; Judge Given, of the supreme court ; Senator Hen- derson of Pocahontas, and a number of others.
"THIE EXERCISES.
"On the platform a little northwest of the monument these historic characters, state officials, speakers and musicians had their places. The crowd was comfortably seated-all who could secure seats when the exercises began-when Chairman Smith's watch said two o'clock, with a few preliminary an- nouncements, he asked Rev. John E. Rowen, a member of the last senate, to offer invocation, who breathed a beautiful bene- diction upon the great assembly. The president then gave the preliminary address of the exercises, as follows:
" Ladies and Gentlemen: It is unnecessary for me to ro- capitulato the circumstances or enumerate the reasons for our assembling here today. All are more or less familiar with the history of the events we have met to commemorate and it is not recessary at this time to enter into a detailed account of the
574
DICKINSON COUNTY - IOWA
bloody tragedy which thirty-eight years ago was enacted on this very spot. It has pleased the state of Iowa, through her legally chosen representatives, to provide for the erection of a suitable monument to commemorate the labors, sufferings and sacrifices of the devoted band of pioneers who in an early day pushed out far beyond the confines of civilization and en- deavored to build homes for themselves and their posterity ilt this land of romance and this region of mystery, and who, after suffering incredible hardships, fell victims to governmental stupidity and stubbornness on the one hand and savage ferocity on the other.
"It is difficult now to comprehend the circumstances or divine the motives which induced these early pioneers to thus turn their backs upon civilization and put so many miles of trackless prairie between themselves and the settled portions of the country. But such has ever been the story of the American pioneer.
"There seems to have arisen at this time all over the country an awakened interest in the history of important events and a desire to perpetuate and transmit that history to coming generations. This spirit is manifesting itself in different places by the erection of memorials and monuments upon historic spots made memorable by deeds of noble daring, of patient endur- ance and heroic suffering.
" Many of the states are erecting monuments upon the prin- cipal battle grounds of the late war wherever their own brave regiments fought hardest or lost heaviest, and it is but meet and proper that the state of Iowa, while she is spending her hundreds of thousands of dollars in giving fitting recognition to the glorious deeds of her brave soldiers and sailors who fought and bled on so many battlefields, should also in her sov- ereign capacity give recognition to the smaller and less pre- tentious, though not less deserving, band of patriots and heroes who, taking their lives in their hands, struck far out on her northwestern border and after braving dangers such as fall to the lot of but few, finally gave their lives as a sacrifice to their intrepidity and courage.
"It is meet and fitting that to the pioneer the same as the sol- dier should be accorded the meed of praise and recognition, and the erection on this spot of this beautiful column is a just, though long delayed, tribute to the memory of the brave and hardy, though unpretentious and unpretending, band of set-
575
PRELIMINARY ADDRESS
tlers who sacrificed their lives in their attempts to build them homes on this then far away northwestern frontier.
" Where is the good, it may be asked, of these memorial ser- vices ? We can do nothing for the dust and ashes smouldering there. 'T'is true, and yet we have high authority for memorial services. When the great Creator finished his work and saw that it was good, he decreed that as a memorial of that cvent one day in seven should be set apart as a perpetual reminder of the great achievement. When the waters of the flood receded from the base of Mount Ararat, God made a covenant with man as a memorial or reminder of that event, and said: 'I do set my bow in the cloud and it shall be for a token of a cove- nant between me and the earth and it shall come to pass when I bring a cloud over the earth that the bow shall be seen in the cloud and the bow shall be in the cloud.'
" So in His dealings with HLis chosen people many and sig- Difieant are the memorial occasions established by divine authority. The feast of the Passover, the feast of Pentacost, the feast of the Tabernacles and many other festival occasions were memorials commemorating the interposition of the Al- mighty Power for the deliverance of His people. When the greatest of all earthly tragedies was nearing completion, and the Savior of men gave to His disciples the emblems of His broken body and spilled blood, and admonished them 'Do this in remembrance of Me,' He established a memorial occasion that has been faithfully observed by His followers in all parts of the world for near two thousand years.
" Also in our time we have our memorial occasions, establish- ed by state or government authority, or the common consent and usage of our people. Only two years ago we witnessed at the White City the wonderful spectacle of all civilized nations bringing together their choicest treasures and placing them ou exhibition as a memorial commemorating the trials and tri- umphs of the great Admiral whose genius, courage and forti- mnde opened the way for the development of the American con- tinent The general observance of our national birthday as a memorial occasion is but a fulfillment of the prophecy of old John Adams on the floor of Congress when he said, 'We will make this a glorious and immortal day.'
"Another memorial occasion in which our people manifest deep interest is our soldiers' memorial day, the day on which by common consent our people meet to strew the garlands of
576
DICKINSON COUNTY - IOWA
affection and grateful remembrance on the graves of our fallen heroes. Thus have I noticed a few of the memorial occasions which have come to be generally recognized and observed. Courage and hardihood, intrepidity and self-denial, suffering and sacrifice, all these have in all ages been deemed worthy the meed of praise and recognition, and whether exhibited by the victorious general at the head of his army on the field of battle, or the humble and unpretentious settler on the northwestern border, are equally worthy the respect and admiration of a grateful people.
" When we contemplate the dangers braved, the hardships and privations endured, and the final suffering and sacrifice which fell to the lot of the victims whose dust and ashes have been gathered together and interred in this historie spot, we can but feel that at the best the ceremonies and' memorial ex- ercises of the present occasion would be but a lame and in- perfect tribute to the brave deeds they are intended to perpet- uate, were it not for the fact that in paying the last sad tribute of respect to the memory of the victims of savage hate and bar- barity, we are paying a deserved tribute to courage and self- denial, endurance and self-sacrifice wherever found, and our exercises on this occasion would be little better than hollow mockery.
" But we have reason to congratulate ourselves that there is a growing interest felt by the people of Iowa in the history and destiny of her early pioneers, and the building of this beanti- ful monument on this spot made historie by the blood of the victims, who here risked their lives and lost them, is but the logical expression of that awakened interest. Let us hope that this awakening is not ephemeral or temporary, but that it may result in resening from oblivion much in the history of our state that has been neglected or forgotten. The story told by this memorial shaft is but a faint expression of the toils en- dured, the dangers braved and the sacrifices made by the un- fortunate victims whose remains lie buried here, but it points toward heaven and fitly expresses the hopes and aspirations of unfold generations vet to come.
"The Harker family rendered a selection of music and then the president introduced Judge Charles E. Flandran, the Tn- dian agent who resened Mrs. Abbie Gardner Sharp. Chair man Smith introduced him as the man who did more to defend the frontier than any other man, living or dead. Judge Flandra!
577
ADDRESS BY JUDGE FLANDRAU
HON. C. E. FLANDRAU.
said he did not propose to make a speech, but would give a sim- ple narrative of the events which were commemorated today. Hle gave a trenehant pen picture of the pioneer and then nar- rated the part he took in the resening of Mrs. Sharp. He re- counted the facts of the massacre, the flight of the Indians with their captives, the fruitless expedition of the Fort Dodge relief regiment, and the ransom of Mrs. Sharp for $1,000 in blan- kets, etc., which Indians needed. Perhaps the most interest. ing part of his address, because it answered an oft asked ques- tion, was concerning the immunity of the Indians. It has been often asked, said Judge Flandran, why the government never
578
DICKINSON COUNTY . IOWA
did anything to punish these marauding savages. The answer is plain : Colonel Alexander and myself had a well matured plan to attack Inkpadutah the instant we learned the fate of the captive women. We had five companies of the Tenth in- fantry at our disposal and could easily have destroyed his en- tire band, but, unfortunately, just before we were ready to move on the enemy, the whole garrison was ordered to Fort Bridger, Utah, to aid General Albert Sydney Johnson's com- mand in the suppression of an anticipated Mormon outbreak, and before any available troops came to our frontier to replace them, Inkpadutah and his people had passed out of recollection. These malefactors did not, however, go entirely unwhipped of justice. About the latter days of June of the same year of the massacre, I learned of the presence of some of Inkpadutah's people at the Yellow Medicine River, who had come over with a large force of Missouri River Sioux. I at once fitted out a volunteer force of young fellows about the Agency, got fifteen soldiers and a lieutenant from the fort, and attacked the camp where they were located, and succeeded in killing Inkpadutah's eldest son, who had been active in all the mischief ; and so ended a very interesting episode in the early history of Iowa and Minnesota. It is safe to say that our Indian troubles are now over, and while we may find cause for rejoicing in this fact, we are compelled to recognize that the advance of civilization, which has annihilated the frontier and disposed of the savages, has also removed the active theater of the pioneer, and thus destroyed the most adventurous, interesting and picturesque character in American history.'
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