USA > Iowa > Dickinson County > History of Emmet County and Dickinson County, Iowa, a record of settlement, organization, progress and achievement, Volume I > Part 26
USA > Iowa > Emmet County > History of Emmet County and Dickinson County, Iowa, a record of settlement, organization, progress and achievement, Volume I > Part 26
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45
Soon the fire burned through the floor and from that time made rapid headway. For a time it was thought all the buildings in that square, fronting on Sixth Street, were doomed, but the firemen succeeded in confining the fire to the theater building, though some of the adjoining stocks of goods, etc., were damaged by smoke and water. The Esther- ville Enterprise of the 10th estimated Mr. Graaf's loss at $175,000. Other estimated losses were: The H. B. Lawrence Clothing Company, $10,000; Carl Olson, jeweler, $6,000; Erickson's art studio, $1,000; Dr. A. Ivey's dental office, a total loss; the Graves & Espeset Abstract Company, slightly damaged by smoke and water; the tenants in the second story of the State Bank Building, just north of the theater, suffered a similar fate.
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Mr. Graaf carried about seventy thousand dollars of insurance upon the building and his stock of goods.
The Grand Theater was one of Estherville's "show places." It is seldom that a so well equipped theater is seen in a city of four thousand population. The Enterprise, in commenting upon the fire and its after- math, said: "On the street that evening Henry Graaf was the most com- posed and best braced up man in the bunch. It hurt all right, but Hank was game. Architect Nason told him in a crowd that if he wanted to build again the plans would be furnished absolutely free of charge. To this remark he quickly got the response from Mr. Graaf: 'She will go up better than before.'"
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TWO NOTED SONS
Two of Emmet County's citizens rose to prominence in state politics. William F. McFarland was born in Posey County, Indiana, in 1848, of Scotch parentage. When he was about six years of age he came with his parents to Iowa, settling in Van Buren County. There he attended the public schools and afterward went to the Wesleyan University for a few terms. He then went to California, where he studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar. In 1885 he returned to Iowa, located at Estherville and bought an interest in the Northern Vindicator. In 1888 he was elected to represent the district composed of Palo Alto, Emmet and Dick- inson counties in the lower branch of the Iowa Legislature. On Novem- ber 4, 1890, he was elected secretary of state and was twice reelected, holding the office for six years. Mr. McFarland was a prominent Mason and an Odd Fellow and was the only man ever elected to a state office from Emmet County.
George E. Delevan, who was for some time editor of the Vindicator, was appointed state fish commissioner on March 15, 1894, by Gov. Frank D. Jackson. When the Legislature of 1897 abolished the office of fish commissioner and created the office of state fish and game warden, Mr. Delevan was appointed by Gov. Francis M. Drake to the new position, which he held until April 1, 1901. Mr. Delevan made a splendid record as the state fish and game warden. He resigned from the position chiefly on account of the health of his son-a graduate of Grinnell College-and went to California. There the son recovered his health and is now prac- ticing law at Los Angeles, where George E. Delevan is living practically retired.
SOLDIERS' MONUMENT
In 1897 the Iowa Legislature passed an act empowering county boards of supervisors to levy a tax of one mill on the dollar, after the proposition had been submitted to the voters of the county at a regular
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FORT DEFIANCE MONUMENT, ESTHERVILLE
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THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ASTOR, LENOX BILDEN FOUNDATIONS
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or special election, for the purpose of building a soldiers' monument to commemorate the gallant deeds of the "Boys in Blue" in the War of 1861-65. The proposition to levy such a tax was submitted to the electors of Emmet County at the general election in November, 1898, and it was defeated by a vote of 196 to 180. Some years later the Fort Defiance Monument, on the north end of the public square, was erected by the Daughters of the American Revolution.
FROZEN TO DEATH
Several cases of persons being frozen to death during one of the blizzards common to Northwestern Iowa are on record. One of the sad- dest of these was the death of Ole Knudtson, a boy of some fourteen years and a son of one of the early settlers. His father, Tolliff Knudtson, came to Emmet County soon after the Civil war and located on a quarter sec- tion of land about two miles southwest of Estherville. On Sunday, Jan- uary 18, 1870, Ole started out to look at some traps, the farthest of which was about a mile from the house. Soon after he left home a snow storm came up and increased in intensity so rapidly that the boy was unable to find his way back. His parents, strange to say, felt no uneasiness. They knew their son was a hardy little fellow, who had demonstrated on pre- vious occasions that he was able to take care of himself. His father and mother therefore thought he had taken shelter with a neighbor for the night. When inquiries were made the next morning, and it was learned that none of the neighbors knew anything of his whereabouts, a search was instituted. That afternoon his body was found by his father. Un- able to find his way home through the blinding snow, he had perished in the storm.
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CHAPTER XVII
STATISTICAL REVIEW
POPULATION AS SHOWN BY THE UNITED STATES CENSUS SINCE 1860- WEALTH AND PROGRESS OFFICIAL ROSTER-LIST OF COUNTY OFFICERS SINCE 1877-THE LEGISLATURE-CONGRESSMEN.
In June, 1916, three score years had passed since William Granger, Henry and Adolphus Jenkins and D. W. Hoyt came to Emmet County and "pitched their tents" in what is now Emmet Township. These four men and their families were the first white people to become permanent residents of the county. Others came, however, and the work of build- ing up the county and developing its resources has gone steadily forward from that day to the present. Although the census of 1910 showed only two counties in the state having a smaller population than Emmet, it must be remembered that when the first settlements were made in this county there were fifty-one counties of the state that had a population of three thousand or more each, and of these fifty-one counties ten had a population of ten thousand or more, and nine others were close to the ten thousand mark. The first settlements in Emmet County were far out on the frontier and nearly twenty years elapsed before the county was brought in touch with the rest of the state by a railroad. Yet, in spite of all these disadvantages the growth of the county has been of the most encouraging nature. The increase in population, as shown by the United States census since 1860, the first official census taken after the county was organized, is shown in the following table:
1860
105
1870
1,392
1880
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1,550
1890
4,274
1900
9,936
1910
9,816
By a brief comparison of these figures it will be noticed that, not- withstanding the Civil war and the Indian troubles on the frontier, the greatest proportionate increase during any decade was between the years 234
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1860 and 1870, when it was over 1,300 per cent. From 1870 to 1880 the increase was slight, being only 158 during the ten years. Then came the railroad, and Emmet County experienced a boom, the population in- creasing nearly 300 per cent. between 1880 and 1890. There was also a large increase between 1890 and 1900. The state census of 1905 gives Emmet County a population of 10,105, but the United States census of 1910 shows a decrease of 120 during the preceding decade. Part of this decrease may be accounted for by errors made in taking the enumeration, but it is quite probable that more of it may be accounted for through the opening of new lands in other parts of the country, which presented op- portunities to men of moderate means to acquire farms and homes with a smaller outlay of capital. Although the decrease in the county as a whole was 120, seven of the twelve townships showed a gain during the census period. This is seen by the following comparison of the last three census reports relating to the population by townships :
Townships
1890
1900
1910
Armstrong Grove
293
1,391
1,038
Center
283.
573
532
Denmark
261
761
907
Ellsworth
291
458
481
Emmet
293
393
375
Estherville
1,713
3,713
3,858
High Lake
412
589
615
Iowa Lake
67
293
337
Jack Creek
212
441
396
Lincoln
78
342
396
Swan Lake
161
493
382
Twelve Mile Lake
210
489
499
Totals
4,274
9,936
9,816
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In the above table the population of the City of Estherville is included in Estherville Township, and the population of the other incorporated towns is given with that of the township in which each is located. Al- though there was a slight decrease in the number of inhabitants between 1900 and 1910, at no time in the history of the county has there been a falling off in wealth and material resources. Statistics bearing upon the condition of the various industries indicate a steady advance in the amount of capital invested. The values of farm lands and farm products have appreciated within the last few years, and the banks showed larger de- posits in the year 1916 than at any previous period. During the last two years the county has spent more money for road improvement and sup-
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port of the public school system than in any other two years since its organization in 1859.
CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS
Three constitutional conventions have been hold in the State of Iowa, in the first two of which Emmet County was not represented. The first constitutional convention met at Iowa City on October 7, 1844, and framed a constitution which was rejected by the people at an election held on August 4, 1845. The second convention met at Iowa City on May 4, 1846. The constitution adopted by this convention was ratified by a majority of 456 at an election held on August 3, 1846. Under this con- stitution Iowa was admitted as a state.
At the time Iowa was admitted all the northwestern part of the state was "unorganized territory." That section of the state was divided into counties by the Legislature of 1851. The third constitutional convention assembled at Iowa City on January 19, 1857, and remained in session until the 5th of the following March. Emmet County had not yet been organized, as was the case with a number of the new counties created in 1851, and Daniel W. Price was chosen as a delegate to represent twenty- three counties in the northwestern portion of the state, viz .: Audubon, Buena Vista, Buncombe, Calhoun, Carroll, Cherokee, Clay, Crawford, Dickinson, Emmet, Harrison, Ida, Monona, O'Brien, Osceola, Palo Alto, Plymouth, Pocahontas, Pottawattamie, Sac, Shelby, Sioux and Woodbury. .
Constantly changing conditions have made necessary a number of amendments to the constitution and within recent years there has devel- oped a sentiment that the state needs a new one. The question of calling a convention to formulate a new organic law for the state was submitted to the voters at the general election in 1909 and in Emmet County the vote was 787 in favor of the convention to 577 opposed. The proposition was defeated in the state.
OFFICIAL ROSTER
A list of the first officials of Emmet County- elected on February 7, 1859-is given in the chapter on Settlement and Organization. The de- struction of the records by the court-house fire in October, 1876, renders it impossible to compile a correct list of the county officers prior to that time. The following list of officials since 1877 has been compiled from the public records and is believed to be as correct as such a list can be made, showing who have been entrusted with the public business during the last forty years. Most of the time the officers were elected for terms of two years. The list gives the year of election, or the time the official entered upon the discharge of his duties. Where a period of several years
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elapsed between the election of an officer and that of his successor one or more reelections are indicated. A list of the judges of the District Court and county attorneys will be found in Chapter XII.
Clerks-John M. Barker, 1877 (resigned and Lyman S. Williams ap- pointed on November 11, 1878) ; Lyman S. Williams, 1880; S. H. Mattson, 1882 ; J. D. Rutan, 1886; Lyman S. Williams, 1894; John Amundson, 1898; W. H. Halverson, 1906 (failed to qualify and John Amundson continued in office) ; John Amundson, 1908. Mr. Amundson died before the expi- ration of the term for which he was elected. The board of supervisors appointed Louis Heffelfinger and the District Court appointed C. M. Brown. The position was finally awarded to Mr. Heffelfinger. Louis Heffelfinger, 1910; Sidney E. Bemis, 1916.
Auditors-H. W. Halverson, 1877; Frank Davey, 1880; H. W. Hal- verson, 1883; E. D. Doughty, 1887; R. K. Soper, 1892; George C. Allen, 1894; Roy J. Ridley, 1902; Charles A. Root, 1910 (twice reelected, but resigned before the expiration of his last term and Roy J. Ridley was ap- pointed to the vacancy) ; J. J. Klopp, 1916. George C. Allen and Roy J. Ridley each held the office for four successive terms.
Treasurers-E. H. Ballard, 1877; Knuet Espeset, 1880; John M. Bar- ker, 1885; O. O. Refsell, 1893; A. O. Peterson, 1901; J. C. Lovell, 1908; Enoch H. Hanson, 1912 (still in office by reelection).
Recorders-James Maher, 1877; Bryngel Knudson, 1880; J. N. Lee, 1884; F. L. Ronemus, 1888; Samuel Collins, 1890 (held the office for seven successive terms) ; Maggie G. Penn, 1906; Rosella Amundson, 1910; Janet N. Herzberg, 1914 (reelected in 1916).
Sheriffs-Knuet Espeset, 1877; Robert Roan, 1878 (reelected in 1880, but resigned on December 8, 1880, when M. K. Whelan was appointed to the vacancy) ; M. K. Whelan, 1881; James A. Rae, 1891; W. J. Pullen, 1895; A. R. Butler, 1906; Thomas Nivison, 1914 (reelected in 1916).
Surveyors-John M. Barker, 1877; Frank Davey, 1883; E. J. Woods, 1885; Clifton Bradley, 1889; R. B. Callwell, 1891; Clifton Bradley, 1893; R. B. Callwell, 1895. Mr. Callwell continued to serve by reelection until the office was abolished by the act of April 22, 1913, which created the office of county road engineer. The board of supervisors appointed C. P. Smith and F. A. McDonald engineers, the former to serve for the west half of the county and the latter for the east half.
Coroners-E. H. Ballard, 1877; W. B. Knapp, 1880; A. Jenkins, 1881; C. B. Little, 1883; E. B. Myrick, 1885 (remained in office for sixteen years) ; C. E. Binney, 1901; M. E. Wilson, 1906 (reelected at each suc- ceeding election to 1916).
County Superintendents-Frank Davey, 1877; J. W. Plummer, 1880; E. H. Ballard, 1883; W. A. Ladd, 1889; Frank Barber, 1893; H. H. David-
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son, 1895; Maria Z. Pingrey, 1901; T. J. Lerdall, 1908; Ida A. Davis, 1912 (still in office).
County Judge-When the County of Emmet was organized in Feb- ruary, 1859, the county judge system was in vogue in Iowa and that official transacted the greater part of the public business. Adolphus Jenkins was elected county judge at the first election and was the only county judge Emmet ever had. He served until after the passage of the act of March 2, 1860, which abolished the office and created the board of supervisors, the members of which were to be elected at the general election in 1860 and take office on January 1, 1861.
Supervisors-For the reason stated at the beginning of this roster, it is impossible to give a complete and authentic list of officials prior to 1877. Since that time the board of supervisors for each year has been constituted of the following members :
1877-Matthew Richmond, Bryngel Knudson, L. S. Williams, Henry Barber and J. H. Warren.
1878-Matthew Richmond, J. H. Warren, A. Christopher, Jesse Coverdale and Henry Barber.
1879-Same as in 1878.
1880-Matthew Richmond, A. Christopher, Charles Jarvis, F. C. McMath and Jesse Coverdale.
1881-Same as 1880 until June, when John Ammon succeeded Jesse Coverdale.
1882-F. C. McMath, John Ammon, Charles Jarvis, A. Christopher and Matthew Richmond.
1883-Charles Jarvis, F. E. Allen, A. Christopher, Matthew Rich- mond and Adolphus Jenkins.
1884-Matthew Richmond, Charles Jarvis, F. E. Allen, Adolphus Jenkins and John Iverson.
1885-F. E. Allen, Charles Jarvis, John Iverson, Adolphus Jenkins and M. A. Vandenburg.
1886-Harvey Miller, Knute A. Toft, Cornelius Anderson, John Iver- son and M. A. Vandenburg.
1887-Knute A. Toft, Cornelius Anderson, John Iverson, M. A. Van- denburg and Harvey Miller.
1888-Cornelius Anderson, John Iverson, C. B. Mathews, Harvey Miller and Knute A. Toft.
1889-C. B. Mathews, Harvey Miller, Knute A. Toft, John Iverson and F. H. Lathrop.
1890-Harvey Miller, Knute A. Toft, C. B. Mathews, John Iverson and Martin Christopher.
1891-Harvey Miller, Knute A. Toft, F. H. Lathrop, Martin Christ-
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opher and S. D. Bunt. No changes were made in the personnel of the board in the years 1892 and 1893.
1894-Harvey Miller, Knute A. Toft, F. H. Lathrop, Martin Christ- opher and Charles Ogilvie.
1895-Charles Ogilvie, T. J. Hess, A. O. Peterson, David Fitzgerald and Martin Christopher.
1896-Charles Ogilvie, A. O. Peterson, T. J. Hess, David Fitzgearld and T. O. Sando.
1897-David Fitzgearld, T. O. Sando, T. J. Hess, A. O. Peterson and William Stuart.
1898-Same as in 1897.
1899-No change in the board this year.
1900-T. O. Sando, S. D. Bunt, David Fitzgearld, A. O. Peterson and A. R. Butler.
1901-S. D. Bunt, A. O. Peterson, David Fitzgearld, T. O. Sando and Lemuel Irwin.
1902-S. D. Bunt, Jay S. Mitchell, David Fitzgearld, Lemuel Irwin and E. H. Hanson. .
1903-Same as in 1902.
1904-David Fitzgearld, B. T. Sorum, J. H. Barnhart, S. D. Bunt and E. H. Hanson.
1905-Same as in 1904.
1906-Same as above.
1907-S. W. Morton, H. A. Jehu, J. B. Mitchell, W. H. Gibbs and E. H. Hanson.
1908-S. W. Morton, J. B. Mitchell, H. A. Jehu, W. H. Gibbs and O. O. Refsell.
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1909-Same as in 1908.
1910-S. W. Morton, H. A. Jehu, W. H. Gibbs, J. B. Mitchell and 0. O. Refsell. Mr. Morton resigned before the close of the year and on September 12, 1910, Frank Leopold was appointed as his successor.
1911-H. A. Jehu, O. O. Refsell, W. H. Gibbs, W. O. Dowden and J. B. Mitchell. On October 23, 1911, A. R. Johnston was appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the death of H. A. Jehu.
1912-The board this year was the same as that of 1911 until Sep- tember 16, 1912, when J. J. Klopp was elected to the vacancy caused by the resignation of A. R. Johnston.
1913-W. H. Gibbs, O. O. Refsell, J. J. Klopp, Glen Reisinger and J. D. Weir.
1914-W. H. Gibbs, J. J. Klopp, Glen Reisinger, J. D. Weir and J. M. Wolden.
1915-Same as in 1914.
1916-W. H. Gibbs, J. M. Wolden, J. D. Weir, J. H. Griffith and James L. Brown. This board was in office at the beginning of the year 1917.
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THE LEGISLATURE
From the time of the admission of the state in 1846 to 1906 the General Assembly met in December of the even numbered years. At the general election on November 8, 1904, the voters of the state ratified an amendment to the state constitution abolishing the elections in the odd numbered years and making all elections biennial, beginning in 1906. Members of the Legislature, whose successors would have been chosen at the election in the fall of 1905, had their term of office extended until the election of 1906. The Thirty-first General Assembly met on January 8, 1906, and the Thirty-second on January 14, 1907. With this exception, and a few cases of special sessions, the General Assembly has held its sessions biennially.
For more than a quarter of a century after the organization of Emmet County, it was included in a district embracing a number of the adjacent counties. During this period Howard Graves was elected representative from the district in 1865, and Harwood G. Day in 1869.
In 1887 Emmet County was given a representative of its own and W. M. McFarland was elected in that year. He was reelected in 1889, and was followed by J. O. Kasa in 1891. J. C. Myerly was elected repre- sentative in 1893, M. K. Whelan in 1895 and 1897, when the county was attached to Dickinson for legislative purposes and in 1899 W. H. Myers, of Dickinson County was elected. Since that time Emmet County has been represented in the lower branch of the legislature by one of its own citizens, to wit: B. F. Robinson, 1901-03-05; Nelson J. Lee, 1906-08; C. B. Murtagh, 1910; Lewis L. Bingham, 1912-14; William Stuart, 1916. The only member of the state senate credited to- Emmet County was E. W. Bachman, who served in the legislative sessions of 1900 and 1902.
CONGRESSMEN
At the time Emmet County was organized in 1859 there were but two congressional districts in the State of Iowa. Emmet was in the Second District, which was then represented by Timothy Davis. He was suc- ceeded in 1860 by William Vandever. The census of 1860 showed that Iowa was entitled to six representatives in Congress and the state was accordingly divided into six districts, Emmet County being placed in the Sixth. While in that district the county was represented as . follows: Asahel W. Hubbard, 1862; Charles Pomeroy, 1868; Jackson Orr, 1870.
After the United States census of 1870 Iowa was given nine repre- sentatives and in redistricting the state Emmet County was placed in the Ninth District, which was represented during the next ten years by the following congressmen: Jackson Orr, 1872; Addison Oliver, 1874; C. C. Carpenter, 1878-80.
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Another district was added by the census of 1880 and Emmet County became a part of the Tenth District, where it has since remained. The district since its formation in 1881 has been represented by the following members of the lower house of the national legislature: A. J. Holmes, 1882-84-86; Jonathan P. Dolliver, 1888 to 1898; James P. Conner, 1898 to 1908; Frank P. Woods, 1908 to 1916. The Tenth District is now com- posed of the counties of Boone, Calhoun, Carroll, Crawford, Emmet, Greene, Hamilton, Hancock, Humboldt, Kossuth, Palo Alto, Pocahontas, Webster and Winnebago. Frank P. Woods, the present congressman, lives at Estherville, Emmet County.
Mr. Woods is a native of Walworth County, Wisconsin, where he received his elementary education in the public schools, after which he attended the Northern Indiana Normal School (now Valparaiso Univer- sity) at Valparaiso, Indiana. In 1887 he removed to Iowa and soon be- came identified with political affairs. In 1906 and 1907 he was chairman of the Republican state central committee. He was elected to Congress on November 3, 1908, and has been reelected at each succeeding election.
INTRODUCTORY.
In February, 1864, a narrative poem was written by Mrs. A. L. Buck- land and presented to the Okobojo Literary League, a prominent literary organization of that time. This poem was named the "Legend of Spirit Lake," and found publication in several leading magazines of the country, in the Smith History of Dickinson County, and excerpts of it in various papers in Iowa. The poem itself savors strongly of the romantic days of the Red Men and is a colorful and vivid bit of Indian lore. In respect to the author and in appreciation of the lines she has penned it is con- sidered fitting that this poem should serve as an introductory to the His- tory of Dickinson County. It follows :
THE LEGEND OF SPIRIT LAKE.
The West, the West, the boundless West The land of all I love the best, Her beauties live on every hand, Her billowy prairies vast and grand, A landscape spread so wild and free, What other clime can lovelier be?
Her rivers on toward ocean flow, Her lakes like gems of crystal glow, With pebbly beach or rocky shore Or wooded cliffs, trees hanging o'er
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The water's edge, while down below The finny tribes dart to and fro; No place so dark but wild flowers spring; No spot so lone, but wild birds sing. For me the prairie and the lake Possess a charm I would not break.
I love them when in springtime bright Each scene is touched with tender light, Or when midsummer's stronger heat Makes life a burden, rest a cheat, These wilds, these lakes, this prairie breeze, Make fittest place to while away The tedious, dull midsummer day.
But more I love them when the year With autumn frosts is growing sere, When gorgeous sunset's golden dyes Light up our Indian summer skies. Now, Nature claims these wilds her own, But Art ere long will share the throne; E'en now the pioneer has come Within these wilds to make his home. The red man farther West has gone- The Indian trail is overgrown.
Ere hither came the sons of toil To make them homes and till the soil, The bold and fearless hunter came In search of sport and western game; And oft adventure strange he met While here the red man wandered yet. But since it is not my intent In rhyme to tell each wild event Which early settlers here befell, This narrative I'll briefly tell:
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