USA > Iowa > Poweshiek County > History of Poweshiek County, Iowa: a record of settlement, organization, progress and achievement, Volume 1 > Part 11
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Jacob Yeager came in the fall of 1846, in time to serve as one of the first county commissioners in 1848, an active and useful farmer here until he returned to Washington county, from which he came, to spend his last years.
The Manatts constituted another very conspicuous family since before the organization of the county. They came here in 1846. They had entered about one thousand acres in 1848, and their names were Robert, William, John, James, Thomas and Robert, Jr. John entered three hundred and twenty acres. We shall hear from them later in peace and in war.
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HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
There was a third center of population here when the county was organized in 1848. It was in and adjoining the grove in the southwestern part of what is now Grinnell township and the northwestern part of Washington. Troops had been sent to Agency City in 1842 to protect Indian land from intrusion by too eager white settlers. The Indians, according to that treaty, had with- drawn in 1843, and Captain Allen removed his company from Agency City to the mouth of the Raccoon river, where Des Moines now stands, to protect that region from white intrusion until the time for Indian occupancy to expire there in 1846. The trail of those dragoons eastward passed through that grove which was on the edge of the "Eighteen Mile Prairie." It was about eighteen miles east to Snook's Grove. A hotel was needed there. The Lattimers furnished it and others settled near them.
THE LAWLESS PERIOD, 1843-1848.
One "lawless period" was not one of law violation, but rather one com- paratively without law. Our condition was anomalous. The general laws of the state extended over us but the specific law and law officers of a county had little or nothing to do with us. Our territory could be a "precinct of Mahaska" without county regulation, or influence, or officer.
Desperadoes love that state of society. They often move on beyond the border of law into the region where an officer of law is unknown and jails are unbuilt. It is possible that this was true of this county for there are tra- ditions of a "Bogus Grove" north of Montezuma, which was believed to have been occupied by outlaws in their wanderings over the state. Some remains of their cabins are said to have been found elsewhere also in the county. Never- theless there is no positive evidence that a horse thief or a counterfeiter came here during the first five years of pre-county life.
The mass of the settlers were honest, industrious and very welcome, kind neighbors, good friends, and as ready to help another in hours of need as to receive assistance in any trouble. It is not strange, then, that the old settlers seem clannish. It would have been strange if they had not seemed so. They were near enough to be royal friends, not near enough to be insipient enemies. Consequently, if any one came who was unwilling to drop into such a circle, and cordially, too, they readily believed some other place would be better and moved on and out.
COUNTY DEVELOPMENT TO 1860.
The entire population of the county according to the various enumerations before the Civil war was in 1850, 615; 1852, 902; 1854, 1,953; 1856, 4,460; 1859, 5,338; 1860, 5,668.
From 1852 to 1860 what was called Jackson township increased from 455 to 1,190; Bear Creek township increased from 161 to 459; Sugar Creek township increased from 286 to 471.
In 1860 the population of what was then Deep River was 418; Grinnell, 522; Jackson, 1,190; Jefferson, 353 ; Madison, 238; Malcom, 234; Pleasant, 207; Union, 669; Warren, 551 ; Washington, 356.
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HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
THE CENSUS OF 1910.
The census of 1910 gives the population of Poweshiek county and shows the changes in the different townships in the last decade as follows:
1900
1910
Jefferson
962
809
loss 153
Madison
646
603
loss 43
Sheridan
635
613
loss 22
Chester
602
553
loss 49
Grinnell
.4,691
5,850
gain 159
Malcom
1,020
908
loss 112
Bear Creek
1,842
1,862
gain 20
Warren
910
8.44
loss 66
Lincoln
864
866
gain 2
Scott
653
573
loss 80
Pleasant
676
635
loss 41
Washington
747
629
loss 118
Sugar Creek
1,107
957
loss 120
Union
700
600
loss 100
Jackson
2,165
2,067
loss 98
Deep River
. 1,194
1,190
loss
4
Change in different towns and cities :
1900
1910
Grinnell
3,860
5,036
gain 1,176
Malcom
404
377
loss
27
Brooklyn
1,188
1,233
gain
55
Deep River
403
467
gain
64
Montezuma
1,210
1,172
loss
38
Searsboro
263
226
loss
37
Victor is a town partly in Warren township, almost wholly in Iowa county. Barnes City is chiefly in Mahaska county but a part of it is in Jackson township. All Victor now numbers 640 and has gained in ten years 12; Barnes City now numbers 307, and has gained in all 33.
The nation has gained materially in ten years, the state has increased fairly well, the county moderately and some of the townships have fallen behind.
The census does not suggest that citizenship in Iowa is less desirable, or that the inhabitants deem the county less attractive. It does suggest history, however.
Ist. In 1860 land was bought here for $1.25 an acre.
2d. When it rose to $25 an acre, it was sold because it could not go higher!
3d. Now it brings $125, or one hundred times as much as fifty years ago. Some farms are sold much higher than that.
4th. Is it strange that some men will think that cheap lands will rise else- where as they have risen in Poweshiek county ?
5th. Some will prefer ten acres in Idaho to one in Iowa.
97
HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
TEMPERANCE IN POWESHIEK COUNTY.
The people of this county had been especially interested in personal and local matters from 1843 to 1846, when their thoughts were broadened to consider state interests. The Mexican war attracted county reflections to national inter- ests, and in 1850 the great compromise of that year drew Iowa into the vortex of the slavery question which made Grimes governor, Harlan senator, and Kirk- wood the "great war governor."
During that time temperance became a question of intensest interest and largely masterful in politics. Radical temperance legislation was enacted. Pro- hibition was carried in the state in 1855 by 2,910 majority. The county ap- pointed agents to sell liquor. They chose strong temperance men to serve them. In Grinnell Harvey Bliss was the agent. In spite of his radical diligence, whiskey slaves told as little that was true, and so much that was not, that they obtained what they wanted to bathe their poor legs with, and drank it down before getting a rod from his store! The agent was so tortured by these deceptions that he resigned his agency.
The Germans of Scott county were strongly opposed to slavery, yet saw no harm in making or in drinking the milder intoxicants like native wine or beer. Some temperance men were easily convinced that they would not intoxicate. But few conferred what they thought, that the peril from proslavery action was so great, and from the use of native wine and beer so much less, that they were willing to retain the German vote by removing native wine and beer from the prohibitive clause of temperance legislation.
That removal was made and Kirkwood was elected by a little less than 3,000 majority in 1859.
In some places and especially in the cities and larger towns, the opposition to the law was violent, property was destroyed, houses were blown up, men were assaulted and murdered. The desire for a law that could and would be enforced seemed to increase until 1889, when the republican party declared that prohibition had become "the settled policy of the state" and that "no backward step should be taken."
Five parties voted at the election. Two favored continued prohibition ; two favored license. Republicans enough in the larger towns voted for the leading license candidate to elect Horace Boies governor by a plurality of 6,573.
When Governor Larrabee retired in 1890 he spoke ably for continuing pro- hibitive legislation ; a few hours later Governor Boies made, in his inaugural, a strong speech in favor of license. In the next assembly a special effort was made to enact a license law but it was in vain.
In 1891 Governor Bojes was renominated with rejoicing, had a walk-away at the election and made another inaugural speech for license in 1892, and again the assembly refused to accept his recommendation.
The election and reelection of Boies made the republicans cautious. They began to think that a local license by a mere majority of the local electorate would soon supplant prohibition, unless some of its fragments could, in some way, be preserved. That was a matter of earnest thought. The first county Vol. 1-4
98
HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
convention to suggest some such modification of the prohibitory law was held in this county, carried out in that state convention, and ripened into the "Mulct Law" enacted by the general assembly of 1894. Jackson's plurality over Boies in the election of 1893 was 32,161, a very important change from the preceding elections.
The Mulct Law at first required a majority vote for the sale of intoxicants.
CHIEF POWESHIEK.
The chief for whom this county was named was a Fox. He was born, it is said, on Iowa soil, about 1797. His name signifies "The roused bear." He seems to have been a strong, well built man and in later years to have been very heavy, weighing some two hundred and fifty pounds. He was not ordinarily a "roused bear." It required something important to arouse him, but excited, he was a man of power and of energy.
The first notice we have of him came from Rev. Cutting Marsh, a mission- ary of the American board among the Stockbridge Indians, who then resided near Green Bay, Wisconsin. They were christianized by the labors of Jonathan Edwards while living in Massachusetts, and their religion "bore transporta- tion" to Green Bay. They wanted to reach the Iowa Indians and sent a depu- tation to them to induce them to accept a teacher and a preacher. Mr. Marsh accompanied them and reported the results of the mission to the Sacs and Foxes in 1834, just after the Black Hawk Purchase. He wrote: "Poweshiek's village is on the Red Cedar, a branch of the Iowa, about ten miles from its mouth. Poweshiek is second chief among the Foxes. The village contains about forty lodges and four hundred souls, as Poweshiek informed me. He sent one of his young men to inform me I could stay at his lodge, and as- signed me a place in it. He is about forty years of age, savage in appearance, and very much debased, as well as all his band. Still he was more willing to converse than either of the chiefs before mentioned. I inquired about the instruction of his young men. He replied that he would like to have two or three educated for interpreters, but he did not want schools, for he wished to have his young men warriors. I inquired if he should not like to have his young men make farms. He answered they could work with a hoe, and did not want a plough; they chose rather to hunt for a living than cultivate the ground. He said: 'The Great Spirit made us to fight and kill one another when we are a mind to.' I showed some young men specimens of Ojibwa writing, and asked if they would not like to have some one come and teachı them. They answered, 'we do not want to learn ; we want to kill Sioux.'"
Evidently Poweshiek made a bad impression on Mr. Marsh. He was cer- tainly frank, perhaps brutally frank. The other chiefs were manifestly re- served, even though they agreed with Poweshiek. He was honest and truthful, eminently so. Colonel Trowbridge, of Iowa City, who knew him personally, speaks in high terms of him and his government. He illustrates by an anecdote.
A white man lost his horse. He traced him near Poweshiek's village. He laid the matter before the chief. An order was issued at once that no one should leave the village. Not a man dared to go. The lost horse was described.
99
HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
Search was made. It was soon found. The Indian claimant made sorry work in explaining how he came by it. Poweshiek told the white man to take his horse, and promised him pay for his trouble out of the thief's share of the next annuity.
The white men had great confidence in him. They trusted him implicitly. His word was sacred. He is said to have maintained friendly relations with the whites always. He signed the treaty for the Black Hawk Purchase in 1832 as third. His name was second on the treaty for the sale of northwest Mis- souri, September 27, 1836, and also on the treaty for the sale of "Keokuck's Reserve," on the 28th of September, 1836, and first of the Foxes on the treaty, October 1I, 1842, for the sale of 11,000,000 acres in central Iowa. He was in the deputation to Washington in 1838 when Keokuk and other chiefs visited the east at the request of General Joseph M. Street. He escorted General Street with thirty braves to locate the capital of their tribe when they chose Agency City in 1838.
His most important act as head chief was the negotiation (in cooperation with Keokuk) of the treaty of 1842. He signed that treaty cheerfully but when the hour came for him to withdraw from the Iowa, on whose banks at various points he had lived so long, it was very hard to go. He lingered, making his home for a time in Poweshiek (a township in Jasper county named to com- memorate his residence there), and still nearer Des Moines. Later he went to the south part of the state on Grand river, planning to resist removal, but was induced by his friends to pass on to Kansas, to the land allotted to his tribe, where he is believed to have died.
Some have said that "there is no good Indian but a dead Indian," that "In dians are ungrateful." Ingratitude has been a characteristic of some white men and of some Indians, but nothing has ever shown more gratitude than the treaty of 1842, by which Poweshiek county passed from the ownership of the Indian to that of the whites, and never were word and deed more expressive of gratitude than those of Keokuk and of Poweshiek when they surrendered their title to Iowa lands.
536368
THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
ASTOR, LENDX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS.
CHAPTER VII.
OFFICIALS.
THIS CHAPTER IS DEVOTED TO LISTING COUNTY OFFICIALS-NAMES OF THOSE HOLDING COUNTY OFFICES SINCE 1848-MEMBERS REPRESENTING POWESHIEK IN THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY-JUDGES OF THE CIRCUIT AND DISTRICT COURTS.
The following is a complete list of county officials and members of the legis- lature from this county, beginning with the year in which the county was organ- ized and ending with 1910:
PROBATE JUDGE.
1848, Isaac G. Dement.
COUNTY JUDGE.
1851-57, Richard B. Ogden ; 1857, Alanson Jones; 1859, John M. Talbott ; 1863, Thomas H: Tilton; 1864, George F. Lawrence; 1865, J. Walter Dalby ; 1867, L. C. Blanchard.
COUNTY TREASURER.
1848, Stephen Moore; 1849, Isaac G. Wilson; 1850, Stephen Moore; 1851, Joseph Newhall; 1853, Hiram M. Taylor; 1855, Milton A. Malone; 1857-61, William M. Head; 1861-65, Henry A. Guild; 1865-69, Sylvester Bates ; 1869-75, George W. Kierulff; 1875-81, Thomas Rainsburg; 1881-87, W. J. Johnson ; 1887-91, O. L. Roseman; 1891-95, C. W. Rowe; 1895, W. F. Allen; 1897, W. P. Arthur; 1899-1906, J. W. Vest ; 1906-10, C. C. Hunt.
SURVEYOR.
1848, Mahlon Woodward; 1851-55, William R. Cassidy; 1855, Thomas Holyoke; 1857, George E. Holyoke; 1859, O. Langworthy; 1861-69, T. J. Drain ; 1869, William R. Cowley ; 1871-81, John A. Griffith; 1881, W. B. Moer ; 1883, H. M. Lyman; 1885, Arthur D. Kemper; 1887-91, W. F. Grier; 1891- 1910, S. J. Buck.
CORONER.
1851, John Redmund; 1853. Joshua Sheek; 1855, James G. Reatherford; 1857, James A. Craver ; 1859, Charles Comstock; 1861, James A. Craver ; 1863,
101
102
HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
James B. Naylor; 1869, William S. Green; 1871-74, M. B. Johnson; 1874, E. R. Potter ; 1875, M. B. Johnson; 1879, E. R. Potter; 1881, F. A. Chambers ; 1882, Miles Chafee ; 1883-91, Horace Whitcombe ; 1891-97, G. W. Wilson; 1897, A. J. Harris; 1898-1901, E. C. Bliss; 1901, W. H. Newman; 1903-08, E. F. Talbott; 1908-10, O. F. Parish.
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.
1848, Jacob Yeager, Martin Snyder, Richard B. Ogden; 1850, Thomas Fry, Robert Taylor, Richard B. Ogden.
RECORDER.
1849, Isaac G. Wilson; 1851, Joseph Newhall; 1853, Hiram M. Taylor; 1855, Milton A. Malone; 1857-61 ; William M. Head; 1861-64, Henry A. Guild; 1864, George F. Lawrence; 1866-70, John Hall; 1870-78, Silas S. Snider ; 1878, C. B. Crane; 1880, C. B. Crone ; 1884-90, W. F. Wiley; 1890-96, S. C. Neff ; 1896, 1902, Willis Davis; 1902-98, Horace R. Bernard; 1908-10, Ethel M. Mal- colm.
COUNTY CLERK.
1848-52, Stephen Moore; 1852-56, Charles G. Adams; 1856-62, George F. Lawrence; 1862-64; W. R. Lewis; 1864-70, John W. Cheshire; 1870-76, J. W. Carr; 1876-78, Philander D. Burton ; 1880-86, L. W. Wilson ; 1886-92, John H. Patten; 1892-98, C. B. Gruwell; 1898-1902, George Phillips ;. 1902-06, H. F. Morton ; 1906-10, Frank Bechley.
AUDITOR.
1869, J. F. Head; 1871, George W. Crain; 1873, F. L. Pierce; 1875, H. B. Muscott ; 1881, Joseph Satchell; 1887, F. W. Porter; 1892, W. L. Buxton; 1898, Alex Duffus; 1906, J. W. Rose.
PROSECUTING ATTORNEY.
1848-52, Conrad Swaney ; 1852-54, Hiram M. Taylor; 1854, E. F. Whit- combe; 1856, M. E. Cutts.
In the record of the county prosecutor there is a break of thirty years, which was made by reason of the office of county attorney being abolished and that of district attorney substituted. The county records do not contain the names of the latter.
1886, Harvey E. Boyd; 1888, John T. Scott; 1894. J. W. Carr; 1900, John F. Talbott; 1904, Will C. Rayburn; 1906, H. E. Boyd; 1910, U. M. Reed.
SHERIFF.
1848, William English; 1849, William J. Lyons; 1853, James W. Wilson ; 1857-61, W. S. Guffy; 1861, George Mclaughlin ; 1862-65, Angus McDonald;
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HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
1865-69, Nicholas Carr; 1869-73, A. M. Hardin; 1873-77, John W. Farmer; 1877, Elza Sheley ; 1881-85, J. H. Milliman ; 1885-89, A. M. Hogan ; 1889-93, L. J. White; 1893-97, L. M. Bennett ; 1897-1908, George W. Binegar; 1908, Edward Binegar; 1910, T. W. Smith.
SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS.
1858-61, L. F. Parker; 1861-63, William R. Lewis; 1863-69, John M. Mc- Connell; 1869-71, L. F. Parker; 1871, G. W. Cutting; 1873, J. R. Duffield ; 1875-81, W. R. Akers; 1881, A. L. Shattuck; 1883, Rose E. Southard; 1885- 93, S. W. Heath; 1893-7, W. C. Rayburn; 1897-1903, Viola H. Schell; 1903, P. A. McMillen ; 1906-10, Miss Estelle Coon; 1910, Sarah A. Carpenter.
SUPERVISORS. 1861.
William Boswell, John Moore, A. F. Page, Peter S. Pearce, Q. A. Gilmore, J. W. Sherman, P. P. Raymond, John Swaney, Robert Manatt, Jr., John Wilson, Uriah Jones, L. D. Mussetter, John Cassidy.
1862.
James Barker, John M. Bryan, J. L. Cook, D. L. Cushing, J. A. Hays, W. B. Harden, Robert Manatt, Jr., John Moore, Shipman Newkirk, Aaron F. Page, Peter S. Pearce, William C. Rayburn, P. P. Raymond, H. B. Royce, John Wil- son, Otis Lisor.
1863.
James Barker, Sylvester Bates, Robert C. Carpenter, John Cassidy, D. L. Cushing, W. J. Dodds, Samuel Drummond, J. R. Duffield, J. A. Hays, Uriah Jones, Otis Lisor, John Moore, John K. Rayburn, Aaron F. Page, John M. Talbott.
1864.
Sylvester Bates, Robert C. Carpenter, Nicholas Carr, John Cassidy, Joshua Chambers, M. J. Dodds, J. R. Ruffield, Samuel Gaumer, Q. A. Gilmore, A. H. Hays, Uriah Jones, Aaron F. Page, John K. Rayburn, John M. Talbott.
I865.
A. C. Armstrong, James Barker, S. Bates, N. Carr, John Cassidy, Joshua Chambers, Samuel Drummond, William English, Q. A. Gilmore, W. B. Harden, A. W. Hays, Uriah Jones, Lewis Parks, J. M. Talbott, David Vestal.
I866.
A. C. Armstrong, James Barker, L. E. Cardell, Samuel Drummond, Wil- liam English, W. B. Harden, John W. Farmer, A. W. Hays, William R. Lewis, Joseph McDonald, Lewis Parks, Cyrus B. Spaulding, Erastus Snow, T. T. Watkins, David Vandeveer.
1867.
W. R. Lewis, Erastus Snow, T. T. Watkins, L. E. Cardell, James Barker, Joseph McDonald, A. C. Armstrong, William English, W. B. Harden, A. W. Hays, S. B. Spaulding, James Manatt, John W. Farmer, David Vandeveer, Daniel Dougherty.
104
HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
1868.
Charles Fisher, G. J. Morgan, M. A. Malone, Joseph McDonald, Horace B. Royce, Erastus Snow, Asher Shiftlett, S. W. Snider, D. O. Strong, D. J. Wherry, David Vandeveer, A. C. Armstrong, L. E. Cardell, Daniel Dougherty, William English, James Manatt.
1869.
James Clark, J. R. Duffield, Isaac Davis, William English, Charles Fisher, J. Leonard, G. J. Morgan, M. A. Malone, J. McDonald, H. B. Royce, Sr., Erastus Snow, D. K. Sargent, F. C. Smith, D. O. Strong, David Vandeveer, D. J. Wherry.
1870.
N. F. Bates, C. G. Carmichael, Lewis Counts, Isaac Davis, William English, J. R. Duffield, Robert R. Ewart, Charles Fisher, William A. Ferrell, John W. Jones, M. A. Malone, F. C. Smith, William Scott, D. K. Sargent, David Van- deveer, A. J. Wood.
1871. David Vandeveer, C. G. Carmichael, A. J. Wood.
1872.
David Vandeveer, C. G. Carmichael, Thomas Harris.
1873. David Vandeveer, Thomas Harris, Joshua Leonard. 1874. Thomas Harris, Joshua Leonard, Thomas Morgan. 1875.
Joshua Leonard, Thomas Morgan, Henry Sherman. 1876. Thomas Morgan, Henry Sherman, James A. Saunders. 1877.
Henry Sherman, James A. Saunders, Joshua Leonard. 1878. James A. Saunders, Joshua Leonard, Charles H. Spencer. 1879.
Charles H. Spencer, J. Leonard, James A. Saunders, H. I. Davis. 1880. Charles H. Spencer, James A. Saunders. 1881.
James A. Saunders, H. I. Davis, C. C. McDonald.
In 1882 a vacancy caused by the death of C. C. McDonald was filled by the appointment of J. H. Mann.
1882. H. I. Davis, John Branan, J. H. Mann. 1883. H. I. Davis, John Branan, J. H. Mann. 1884. John Branan, J. G. Hambleton, O. F. Dorrance. 1885. J. M. Bryan, J. W. Jones, T. S. Applegate.
105
HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
1886.
J. M. Bryan, John Goodfellow, T. S. Applegate. 1887. John Goodfellow, T. S. Applegate, J. M. Bryan. 1888.
J. M. Bryan, John Goodfellow, T. S. Applegate. 1889. J. M. Bryan, John Goodfellow, T. S. Applegate. 1890.
J. M. Bryan, John Goodfellow, C. N. Perry. 1891. John Goodfellow, C. N. Perry, John Moore. 1892.
C. N. Perry, John Moore, John Goodfellow. 1893.
C. N. Perry, John Moore, J. J. Sloan. 1894. C. N. Perry, John Moore, J. J. Sloan. 1895. C. N. Perry, John Moore, J. J. Sloan. 1896.
John Moore, J. J. Sloan, Johnson Porter. 1897.
J. J. Sloan, Johnson Porter, John Moore. 1898.
John Moore, Johnson Porter, W. W. Shannon. 1899. John Moore, W. W. Shannon, J. C. Manly. 1900. John Moler, W. W. Shannon, J. C. Manly. 1901. W. W. Shannon, J. C. Manly, John Moler. 1902.
W. W. Shannon, J. C. Manly, John Moler. 1903. J. C. Manly, W. W. Shannon, John Moler. 1904. J. C. Manly, John Moler, G. D. Wilkinson.
BIENNIAL ELECTION.
1906. John Moler, J. C. Manly, O. F. Dorrance. 1908. I. H. Saunders, J. C. Manly, O. D. Hall. 1910. J. C. Manly, O. D. Hall, I. H. Saunders.
106
HISTORY OF POWESHIEK COUNTY
I9II.
O. D. Hall, J. J. Corrough, I. H. Saunders.
MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY FROM POWESHIEK.
THE HOUSE.
The following named persons from Poweshiek county have served in the Iowa general assembly: C. J. L. Foster from Montezuma in the seventh; A. M. Cowing, Montezuma, in the eighth ; Thomas Holyoke, Grinnell, ninth ; Dr. Reuben Sears, Grinnell, tenth ; David H. Emery, Montezuma,eleventh ; Leonard F. Parker, Grinnell, twelfth; Erastus Snow, Grinnell, thirteenth; L. E. Cardell, Malcom fourteenth; John Moore, Forest Home, fifteenth; Charles F. Craver, Grinnell, sixteenth; Andrew J. Wood, Brooklyn, seventeenth and eighteenth; Charles H. Spencer, Grinnell, nineteenth; Joel Stewart, Grinnell, twentieth; W. H. Redman, Montezuma, twenty-first and twenty-second; Mr. Redman was speaker of the house; Matt Ewart, of Ewart, twenty-third; Alvin Jones, Malcom, twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth; W. G. Ray, Grinnell, twenty-sixth and twenty- seventh; J. P. Lyman, Grinnell, twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth; Thomas Har- ris, Montezuma, thirtieth; Elbert W. Clark, Grinnell, thirty-first ; George E. Grier, Deep River, thirty-second and thirty-third; Ralph Sherman, thirty- fourth.
THE SENATE.
Those who served in the senate from this county were: Josiah B. Grinnell, of Grinnell, in the sixth and seventh assemblies; M. E. Cutts, Montezuma, tenth and eleventh; John Conaway, Brooklyn, fifteenth and sixteenth; Robert M. Haines, Grinnell, seventeenth and eighteenth; Joel Stewart, Grinnell, twenty- third and twenty-fourth; J. A. Riggen, What Cheer, twenty-fifth and twenty- sixth; W. R. Lewis, Montezuma, twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth; Elbert W. Clark, Grinnell, thirty-second and thirty-third; H. W. Spaulding, thirty- fourth.
In 1874 Freeman R. Conaway was appointed state printer and served in that capacity from 1875 to 1900.
H. K. Snyder was state pharmacy commissioner from 1888 to 1891.
JUDICIARY.
Members of the circuit court from Poweshiek county follows: Lucien C. Blanchard, deceased, took his seat upon the bench in 1869 and served until 1872. His home was at Montezuma. W. R. Lewis of the same place, was elected in 1880 and served as circuit judge until 1886.
Judges of the district court: W. R. Lewis, 1887-90; John T. Scott, Brook- lyn, 1899-1906; John F. Talbott, Brooklyn, 1911-
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