The Past and present of Woodford County, Illinois : containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, &c.; a directory of its tax-payers; war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion; portraits of early settlers and prominent men; general and local statistics etc, Part 1

Author: Perrin, William Henry, d. 1892? comp; Hill, H. H., comp; Wm. Le Baron, Jr., & Co
Publication date: 1878
Publisher: Chicago : Wm. Le Baron, Jr., & Co.
Number of Pages: 660


USA > Illinois > Woodford County > The Past and present of Woodford County, Illinois : containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, &c.; a directory of its tax-payers; war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion; portraits of early settlers and prominent men; general and local statistics etc > Part 1


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HISTOR


OF


WOODFORD COUNTY


1878


LLINOIS


[FAST+ PRETENTI COLL.


THE


PAST AND PRESENT


OF


WOODFORD COUNTY,


ILLINOIS,


CONTAINING


A History of the County-its Cities, Towns, &c. ; a Directory of its Tax-Payers; War Record of its Volunteers in the Late Re- bellion; Portraits of Early Settlers and Prominent Men ; General and Local Statistics; Map of Woodford County; History of Illinois, Illustrated ; History ofthe Northwest, Illustrated ; Constitution of the United States, Miscellaneous Matters, &c., &c. .


ILLUSTRATED.


CHICAGO : WM. LE BARON, JR., & CO., 186 DEARBORN STREET.


1878.


PREFACE.


In presenting our History of Woodford County, we deem a few prefatory words necessary. We have spared neither pains nor expense to fulfill our engagement with our patrons and make the work as complete as possible. We have acted upon the principle that justice to those who have subscribed, be they few or many, requires that the work should be as well done as if it was patronized by every citizen in the county. We do not claim that our work is entirely free from errors ; such a result could not be attained by the utmost care and foresight of ordinary mortals. The County History was compiled by our historians, W. H. Perrin and H. H. Hill. Some of the Township His- tories are indeed longer than others, as the townships are older, containing larger cities and towns, and have been the scenes of more important and interesting events. While fully recognizing this important difference, the historians have sought to write up each township with equal fidelity to the facts and information within their reach. We take this occasion to present our thanks to all our numerous subscribers for their patronage and encouragement in the publication of the work. In this confident belief, we submit it to the enlightened judgment of those for whose benefit it has been prepared, believing that it will be received as a most valuable and complete work.


THE PUBLISHERS.


1


CHICAGO:


CULVER, PAGE, HOYNE & CO., PRINTERS, 118 and 120 Monroe Street.


CONTENTS.


HISTORICAL.


PAGE.


History Northwest Territory 19


Other Indian Troubles. 79


Geographical. 19 Present Condition of the Northwest 87


Early Exploration. 20 Illinois 99


Discovery of the Ohio ..


33


Indiana


.. 101


Education


129


First Freoch Occupation .112


Genius of La Salle. 113


Material Resourcee. 124


Massacre of Fort Dearborn. .141


Nebraska 107 Physical Features .. .121


History of Illinois


109


Progress of Development


123


125


Religion and Morals


.128


War Record of Illinois. 130


ILLUSTRATIONS.


PAGE.


Source of the Mississippi. 21


Month of the Mississippi 21


Wild Prairie. 23


Black Hawk, the Sac Chieftain. 75


Captain Jack, the Modoc Chieftain .. 83 Kinzie House. 85


Village Residence, 86


A Representative Pioneer ... 87


Lincoln Monument, Springfield, Ill. 88


A Pioneer School House .. ... 89


Farm View in the Winter ..


90


High Bridge and Lake Bluff


94


Pioneers' First Winter.


142


View of the City of Chicago.


144


Shabbone.


149


WOODFORD COUNTY HISTORY.


PAGE.


General History of Woodford Co ... 223


Kensae Township .. .. 457


.. 375


Panola .. 400


Clayton


.375


Metamora


.


310 Minonk 425


Roanoke .333


El Paso


409


Montgomery Township.


448


Spring Bay 296


.363


LITHOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.


PAGE.


Briggs, J. Albert.


329


Guibert, Lonis A .....


186


Page, Adino ... 257


Hoshor, Jefferson ... .204 Page, John W 275


Cole, Frederick .365 Jaynes, James. .401 Snyder, John. 455


Cavan, Oliver A .437 Meek, Henry B 168


Mundell, Abner.


383


Whitmire, Jemee S.


293


Wagner, Michael. 473


WOODFORD COUNTY WAR RECORD.


PAGE.


PAGE.


.. 463 Cavalry


486 Artillery ..... .....


PAOE. .488


A Western Dwelling. .. 100 Hunting Prairie Wolves at an


La Selle Landing on the Shore of Green Bay. 25 Buffalo Hunt. 27 Trapping 29


Hunting ..


32


Iroquois Chief .. 34


Pontiac, the Ottawa Chieftain 43


Indiens Attacking Frontiersmen ... 56


A Prairie Storm


59


A Pioneer Dwelling.


61


Great Iron Bridge of Chicago, Rock


Island & Pacific Railroad, Croes-


PAGE.


PAGE


Palestine Township. 436


Cazenovia Townehip.


.. 351 Linn


342


Olio .. 318 Worth


PAGE. ing the River et Davenport. Iowa 96


Tecumseh, the Shawnee Chieftain ... 69 Indians Attacking & Stockade ........ 72


Big Eegle. 80 Early Day .. ... 108 Starved Rock, on the Illinois River, Le Salle County, Ill ... 110


An Early Settlement. 116 Chicago in 1833 .. 133 Old Fort Dearbon in 1830 .136


Present site of Lake Street Bridge,


Chicago, in 1833.


136


Partridge 392


Cruger


Tecumseh and the war of 1812


70


Black Hawk and the Black Hawk Coal


Compact of 1787.


.117


War


74


PAGE.


PAOE.


History of Chicago ..


132


Early Discoveries ... 109


Early Settlements. 115


English Explorations and Settle- Iowa ments ... 35 Mich igan


103


American Settlementa 60 Wisconsin 104


Minnesota


106


102


Division of the Northwest Terri- tory 66


PAOE.


Breaking Prairie 63


311 | Page, John .. .221 Fort, J. M


PAGE.


PAGE.


Cassell, R. T .239


Davison, S. R. .419


Willard, P. H .. 347


Infantry


Greene =


.267


CONTENTS.


TOWNSHIP DIRECTORY.


PAGE.


L'AGE.


PAGE


Cazenovia Towoship.


.627


Clayton


... .. 588 Metamora " .. 489


Cruger


...


53G


Minonk


.. 547


El Paso


...


.515


Montgomery Township ..


.G10


Greene


.558


Olio


.. 594


Worth


.615


Kansas


=


.658


Palestine


.652


ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS.


PAGE.


Adoption of Children.


.160


Bills of Exchange and Promissory


Notes.


151


County Courts.


155


Conveyances ....


164


Church Organizations.


189


Descent.


151


Deeds and Mortgages.


.157


Drainage .


163


Damages from Trespass


169


Definition of Commercial Terma ..


173


Receipt


.174


Exemptions from Forced Sale.


156


Estrays ..


.157


Fences.


168


Release


186


Forms:


Articles of Agreement.


175


Tenant's Agreement


.. 180


Tenant's Notice to Quit.


.181


Warranty Deed


.182


Bills of Purchase ... 174 Bills of Sale. .. 176


Bonds.


176


MISCELLANEOUS.


PAGE.


Miscellaneous Tables ..


Names of the States of the Union


and their Signification . 213 Population of the United States ..... 214 Population of Fifty Principal Cities


of the United States ..


214


Population and Area of the United


States


.. 215


Population of the Principal Coun-


tries in the World ..


215


Interest Table


212 Population of Illinois,


216-217


PAGE.


.. 212 | State Lawa Relating to Interest ..... 218


State Lawa Relrting to Limitationa


of Actions ...


219


Productions of Agriculture of Illi-


nois.


.220


Report of Crops in Woodford Co ... 462


Population of Woodford Co ........


.462


Business Directory


661


Assessors' Raport.


.. 668


PAGE.


Map of Woodford County. Front Constitution of the U. S. .. 192


Electors of President and Vice Pres- ident 206 Practical Rules for Every Day Use.207 U. S. Government Laud Measure ... 210 Agricultural Productions of Illi- nois by Counties, 1870 .. .210 Surveyora' Measure 211 How to Keep Accounts .. 211


PAGE.


Chattel Mortgages.


177


Game


158


Interest


.151


Codicil.


.189


Lease of Farm and Build-


ings


179


Jurisdiction of Courts.


154


Limitation of Action


155


Lease of House


180


Landlord and Tenant.


169


Liens


172


Married Women


155


Notice Tenant to Quit.


181


Millers


159


Marks and Brands


159


Orders


174


Paupers


164


Roads and Bridges.


.161


Surveyors and Surveya


.160


Suggestions to Persons Purchasing Booka by Subscription ... 190


Taxes


154


Wills and Estates.


152


Weiglits and Measures ..


158


Wolf Scalps


.164


Will


.187


PAGE.


Landlord's Agreement ..


.180


Notes.


174


Quit Claim Deed


.185


Real Estate Mortgaged to Secure


Payment of Money.


.18I


Linn Townsoip.


582


Panola Towoship.


568


Partridge


647


Roanoke


...


573


Spring Bay "


532


To Frank, Olive Und Annie Goodwins, as a slight token of regard, and in brementhelance of my delightful visit to medford in $76. 8.8. Page.


eck


Arashby


4


ALTON - R. R


12


8


14.


15


13


1


14


13


AZZE NOVI


ARTRIDC


WALow Point


23


24


20


24


284


22


26


30-


an


28


27


26


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CazenoviaVA


5


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5


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M


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9


10


12


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METAMORA


21


22


28


24


24


22


Vươn House


Hickory Point


26


25


30


29


28


27


30


Germantown


Billof Wa


0.34


37


34


36


22


33


R.3.W.


I


MAP OF WOODFORD COUNTY ILL. 1878.


CRUGER


29


24.


22


27


26


25


3-4


35


2


1


10


13


15


R. 2.W.


10


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77


15


14


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25


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BAY


FELINOIS


34


34+


35


36


fortrido


12


8


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26


R. 4.W.


RIVER


10


18


+


19


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City of Minonk


10


=


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77


Creek


13


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76


15


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79


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289


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33


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86


37


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7


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73


18 G


77 Ř


76


17


T.27. N.


20


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Panola


28


2877


27


26


25


30


27


East


re


3


34


86


IPRINCIPAL


31


35


26


Secor


9


+


3


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T


PEORIA


WARSAW


3 TOLEDO


£ 9


10


12


ka


18


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EL PASO


T 26.N.


19


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22


23


2₺


30 29 Kappa


Stair Tout


1


92


533


34


96


32


33


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Bowling Green


R.Z.E.


3


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Mackinaw


la


10 E


R


13


15


18


17


16


7.5


14


# Farnisville


T.25. N.


19


"R.T.E.


30


R.I.W.


6


Crow


9


10


=


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:14


73


I


N 21


0 22


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27


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24


19


20


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-


MERIDIAN EN


12


7


8


9


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72


8


9


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18


3.5


2


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20


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30


20


.3


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Panther


36


32


35


City of El Paso


9


9


10


STORTTE


16 L'


15 I


13


PALESTINE


29


29C


25


28


27


20


JO


33


ST


SI0


AS


19


8


22


23


1


2


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3


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8


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CENTRA


33


32


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31 Woodford P.O. 94


5


0


8


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18


15


20


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84


77


22


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8


8


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13


Ric


15


18


10


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78


ARTRIDCE


19


te


24/


19


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26


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Blul


-32


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86


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7.


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SION


12


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13


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22


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Run


Vươn House


Hickory Point


20


30


29


28


Germantown,


37


34


35


86/7


20


334


C. 24


35


36


R. 4.W.


R.3. W.


70


Gruger


75


14


CRUGER


22


23


24+


27


26


25


34


35


3


1


12


15


R. 2.W.


1 1 1 1 1 1 ]


MAP OF WOODFORD


COUNTY ILL. 1878.


+


8


10


ALTON FRE


14.


18


73


C


ZENOVI


A


ALow Point


29


R


A 13


Ro


NETAMORA


24


PEORIA LAXE


PRIN


26


25


25


Bry of Halfut


33


5


Y


Mashburu


CON FRA


12


9


10


7


8


0


72


TO


=


Nichla


15


1.14


73


15


18


18


17


76


L


I


N


N


79


20


27


22


24


19


Z


R


26


27


26


35


80-


28


27


26


05


30


28


27


25


90


294


27


26


25


29


28


27


26


84


3


34


35


86


31


32


33


34


3,5


36


32


84


36


81 WoodfordP.D. 34


35


5


2


8


2


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1's


72


0


10


10


72


8


9


10


77


7


8


10


=


12


8


9


10


=


18


Art


10


20


22


79


Paubla


26


30


18


27


East


C


3


30


34


35


R.4.W.


R.3.W.


City of ElPasot


6


5


4.


3


3


oi


WARSAW


70


10


Gruger ila


Gir Eureka


15


14


L PASO


IT 26 N.


CRUGER


20


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23


2750


.20


27


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28


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25


30


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Bowling Green


R.Z.E.


3


2


TO



E


13


18


"16


kunisville


T.25 N


R. 2.W.


19


"R.T. E


30


30


R.J. W.


MAP OF WOODFORD COUNTY ILL. 1878.


T 28 N.


H


24


19


23


24


20


21


22


23


24


C


L


A


16


73


18


17


15


+


PARTRIDGE


NALow Point


19


0


I 20


R.


28


Benson 23


MERIDIAN


5


3


7


6


5


4.


a


2


JILINOIS


BAY


73


15


E


78


77


iRoanoke


73


T.27. N.


G


24


22


27


22


28


24


22


23


Union House


Hickory Point 20


.26


25


30


20


28


27


26


25


PEORIA LAXE


SPRE


30


Germantom


hut


Bi of Wall


S


34+


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PRI


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PEDI


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020


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Po SitLINo is


R


20 A


12


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10


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28


.


1 A 1 mEI (


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION.


When the Northwestern Territory was ceded to the United States by Virginia in 1784, it embraced only the territory lying between the Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers, and north to the northern limits of the United States. It coincided with the area now embraced in the States of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and that portion of Minnesota lying on the east side of the Mississippi River. The United States itself at that period extended no farther west than the Mississippi River ; but by the purchase of Louisiana in 1803, the western boundary of the United States was extended to the Rocky Mountains and the Northern Pacific Ocean. The new territory thus added to the National domain, and subsequently opened to settlement, has been called the "New Northwest," in contradistinction from the old "Northwestern Territory."


In comparison with the old Northwest this is a territory of vast magnitude. It includes an area of 1,887,850 square miles ; being greater in extent than the united areas of all the Middle and Southern States, including Texas. Out of this magnificent territory have been erected eleven sovereign States and eight Territories, with an aggregate popula- tion, at the present time, of 13,000,000 inhabitants, or nearly one third of the entire population of the United States.


Its lakes are fresh-water seas, and the larger rivers of the continent flow for a thousand miles through its rich alluvial valleys and far- stretching prairies, more acres of which are arable and productive of the highest percentage of the cereals than of any other area of like extent on the globe.


For the last twenty years the increase of population in the North- west has been about as three to one in any other portion of the United States.


(19)


-


20


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


-


EARLY EXPLORATIONS.


In the year 1541, DeSoto first saw the Great West in the New World. He, however, penetrated no farther north than the 35th parallel of latitude. The expedition resulted in his death and that of more than half his army, the remainder of whom found their way to Cuba, thence to Spain, in a famished and demoralized condition. DeSoto founded no settlements, produced no results, and left no traces, unless it were that he awakened the hostility of the red man against the white man, and disheartened such as might desire to follow up the career of discovery for better purposes. The French nation were eager and ready to seize upon any news from this extensive domain, and were the first to profit by DeSoto's defeat. Yet it was more than a century before any adventurer took advantage of these discoveries.


In 1616, four years before the pilgrims "moored their bark on the wild New England shore," Le Caron, a French Franciscan, had pene- trated through the Iroquois and Wyandots (Hurons) to the streams which run into Lake Huron ; and in 1634, two Jesuit missionaries founded the first mission among the lake tribes. It was just one hundred years from the discovery of the Mississippi by DeSoto (1541) until the Canadian envoys met the savage nations of the Northwest at the Falls of St. Mary, below the outlet of Lake Superior. This visit led to no permanent result; yet it was not until 1659 that any of the adventurous fur traders attempted to spend a Winter in the frozen wilds about the great lakes, nor was it until 1660 that a station was established upon their borders by Mesnard, who perished in the woods a few months after. In 1665, Claude Allonez built the earliest lasting habitation of the white man among the Indians of the Northwest. In 1668, Claude Dablon and James Marquette founded the mission of Sault Ste. Marie at the Falls of St. Mary, and two years afterward, Nicholas Perrot, as agent for M. Talon, Governor Gen- eral of Canada, explored Lake Illinois (Michigan) as far south as the present City of Chicago, and invited the Indian nations to meet him at a grand council at Sault Ste. Marie the following Spring, where they were taken under the protection of the king, and formal possession was taken of the Northwest. This same year Marquette established a mission at Point St. Ignatius, where was founded the old town of Michillimackinac.


During M. Talon's explorations. and Marquette's residence at St. Ignatius, they learned of a great river away to the west, and fancied -as all others did then-that upon its fertile banks whole tribes of God's children resided, to whom the sound of the Gospel had never come. Filled with a wish to go and preach to them, and in compliance with a


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


21


1


MOUTHI OF THE MISSISSIPPI.


-


SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI.


-


1


22


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


request of M. Talon, who earnestly desired to extend the domain of his king, and to ascertain whether the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico or the Pacific Ocean, Marquette with Joliet, as commander of the expe- dition, prepared for the undertaking.


On the 13th of May, 1673, the explorers, accompanied by five assist- ant French Canadians, set out from Mackinaw on their daring voyage of discovery. The Indians, who gathered to witness their departure, were astonished at the boldness of the undertaking, and endeavored to dissuade them from their purpose by representing the tribes on the Mississippi as exceedingly savage and cruel, and the river itself as full of all sorts of frightful monsters ready to swallow them and their canoes together. But, nothing daunted by these terrific descriptions, Marquette told them he was willing not only to encounter all the perils of the unknown region they were about to explore, but to lay down his life in a cause in which the salvation of souls was involved ; and having prayed together they separated. Coasting along the northern shore of Lake Michigan, the adventurers entered Green Bay, and passed thence up the Fox River and Lake Winnebago to a village of the Miamis and Kickapoos. Here Mar- quette was delighted to find a beautiful cross planted in the middle of the town ornamented with white skins, red girdles and bows and arrows, which these good people had offered to the Great Manitou, or God, to thank him for the pity he had bestowed on them during the Winter in giving them an abundant " chase." This was the farthest outpost to which Dablon and Allouez had extended their missionary labors the year previous. Here Marquette drank mineral waters and was instructed in the secret of a root which cures the bite of the venomous rattlesnake. He assembled the chiefs and old men of the village, and, pointing to Joliet, said : " My friend is an envoy of France, to discover new coun- tries, and I am an ambassador from God to enlighten them with the truths of the Gospel." Two Miami guides were here furnished to conduct them to the Wisconsin River, and they set out from the Indian village on the 10th of June, amidst a great crowd of natives who had assembled to witness their departure into a region where no white man had ever yet ventured. The guides, having conducted them across the portage, returned. The explorers launched their canoes upon the Wisconsin, which they descended to the Mississippi and proceeded down its unknown waters. What emotions must have swelled their breasts as they struck out into the broadening current and became conscious that they were now upon the bosom of the Father of Waters. The mystery was about to be lifted from the long-sought river. The scenery in that locality is beautiful, and on that delightful seventeenth of June must have been clad in all its primeval loveliness as it had been adorned by the hand of


23


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


Nature. Drifting rapidly, it is said that the bold bluffs on either hand "reminded them of the castled shores of their own beautiful rivers of France." By-and-by, as they drifted along, great herds of buffalo appeared on the banks. On going to the heads of the valley they could see a country of the greatest beauty and fertility, apparently destitute of inhab- itants yet presenting the appearance of extensive manors, under the fas- tidious cultivation of lordly proprietors.


THE WILD PRAIRIE.


On June 25, they went ashore and found some fresh traces of men upon the sand, and a path which led to the prairie. The men remained in the boat, and Marquette and Joliet followed the path till they discovered a village on the banks of a river, and two other villages on a hill, within a half league of the first, inhabited by Indians. They were received most hospitably by these natives, who had never before seen a white person. After remaining a few days they re-embarked and descended the river to about latitude 33°, where they found a village of the Arkansas, and being satisfied that the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, turned their course


24


THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


up the river, and ascending the stream to the mouth of the Illinois, rowed up that stream to its source, and procured guides from that point to the lakes. "Nowhere on this journey," says Marquette, " did we see such grounds, meadows, woods, stags, buffaloes, deer, wildcats, bustards, swans, ducks, parroquets, and even beavers, as on the Illinois River." The party, without loss or injury, reached Green Bay in September, and reported their discovery-one of the most important of the age, but of which no record was preserved save Marquette's, Joliet losing his by the upsetting of his canoe on his way to Quebec. Afterward Marquette returned to the Illinois Indians by their request, and ministered to them until 1675. On the 18th of May, in that year, as he was passing the mouth of a stream-going with his boatmen up Lake Michigan-he asked to land at its mouth and celebrate Mass. Leaving his men with the canoe, he retired a short distance and began his devotions. As much time passed and he did not return, his men went in search of him, and found him upon his knees, dead. He had peacefully passed away while at prayer. He was buried at this spot. Charlevoix, who visited the place fifty years after, found the waters had retreated from the grave, leaving the beloved missionary to repose in peace. The river has since been called Marquette.


While Marquette and his companions were pursuing their labors in the West, two men, differing widely from him and each other, were pre- paring to follow in his footsteps and perfect the discoveries so well begun by him. These were Robert de La Salle and Louis Hennepin.


After La Salle's return from the discovery of the Ohio River (see the narrative elsewhere), he established himself again among the French trading posts in Canada. Here he mused long upon the pet project of those ages-a short way to China and the East, and was busily planning an expedition up the great lakes, and so across the continent to the Pacific, when Marquette returned from the Mississippi. At once the vigorous mind of LaSalle received from his and his companions' stories the idea that by fol- lowing the Great River northward, or by turning up some of the numerous western tributaries, the object could easily be gained. He applied to Frontenac, Governor General of Canada, and laid before him the plan, dim but gigantic. 'Frontenac entered warmly into his plans, and saw that LaSalle's idea to connect the great lakes by a chain of forts with the Gulf of Mexico would bind the country so wonderfully together, give un- measured power to France, and glory to himself, under whose adminis- tration he earnestly hoped all would be realized.


LaSalle now repaired to France, laid his plans before the King, who warmly approved of them, and made him a Chevalier. He also received from all the noblemen the warmest wishes for his success. The Chev-


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THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


alier returned to Canada, and busily entered upon his work. He at once rebuilt Fort Frontenac and constructed the first ship to sail on these fresh-water seas. On the 7th of August, 1679, having been joined by Hennepin, he began his voyage in the Griffin up Lake Erie. He passed over this lake, through the straits beyond, up Lake St. Clair and into Huron. In this lake they encountered heavy storms. They were some time at Michillimackinac, where LaSalle founded a fort, and passed on to Green Bay, the " Baie des Puans " of the French, where he found a large quantity of furs collected for him. He loaded the Griffin with these, and placing her under the care of a pilot and fourteen sailors,


4


LA SALLE LANDING ON THE SHORE OF GREEN BAY.


started her on her return voyage. The vessel was never afterward heard of. He remained about these parts until early in the Winter, when, hear- ing nothing from the Griffin, he collected all his men-thirty working men and three monks-and started again upon his great undertaking. By a short portage they passed to the Illinois or Kankakee, called by the Indians, " Theakeke," wolf, because of the tribes of Indians called by that name, commonly known as the Mahingans, dwelling there. The French pronounced it Kiakiki, which became corrupted to Kankakee. "Falling down the said river by easy journeys, the better to observe the country," about the last of December they reached a village of the Illinois Indians, containing some five hundred cabins, but at that moment


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THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.


no inhabitants. The Seur de LaSalle being in want of some breadstuffs, took advantage of the absence of the Indians to help himself to a suffi- ciency of maize, large quantities of which he found concealed in holes under the wigwams. This village was situated near the present village of Utica in LaSalle County, Illinois. The corn being securely stored, the voyagers again betook themselves to the stream, and toward evening, on the 4th day of January, 1680, they came into a lake which must have been the lake of Peoria. This was called by the Indians Pim-i-te-wi, that is, a place where there are many fat beasts. Here the natives were met with in large numbers, but they were gentle and kind, and having spent some time with them, LaSalle determined to erect another fort in that place, for he had heard rumors that some of the adjoining tribes were trying to disturb the good feeling which existed, and some of his men were disposed to complain, owing to the hardships and perils of the travel. He called this fort " Crevecoeur " (broken-heart), a name expressive of the very natural sorrow and anxiety which the pretty certain loss of his ship, Griffin, and his consequent impoverishment, the danger of hostility on the part of the Indians, and of mutiny among his own men, might well cause him. His fears were not entirely groundless. At one time poison was placed in his food, but fortunately was discovered.




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