Historical encyclopedia of Illinois and history of Montgomery County, Volume II, Part 54

Author: Bateman, Newton, 1822-1897, ed. cn; Selby, Paul, 1825-1913, ed. cn; Strange, Alexander T., ed
Publication date: 1918
Publisher: Chicago : Munsell Publishing Co.
Number of Pages: 810

USA > Illinois > Montgomery County > Historical encyclopedia of Illinois and history of Montgomery County, Volume II > Part 54

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

John Carstens was in every way a self-made man, coming from Germany where he was born in 1837, to Illinois in 1852, and to Montgomery County in 1867. He worked at anything he could find to do, and by economy and exercise of native good sense and honorable dealings, he accumulated enough to purchase a farm of 120 acres in Nokomis Township. Success seemed to attend all his well-directed efforts and soon he added merchandising to farming and grain buy- ing, in all of which lines the great vigor of the inan was apparent. In 1862 he was married to Miss Gennett Hughes and the responsibility of rearing á family was assumed as he did every- thing else, knowing no failure. The township called him to serve as one of the supervisors, and also as a justice of the peace, and his party,

Republican, put him at the forefront as a candi- date for the legislature, to which position he was elected and served with distinction. He was the Nokomis man of destiny and we regret to tell so little of one of whom so much might be said. We further regret not to include others who are equally worthy, in this brief remembrance.

COALTON.

In about 1914 those who owned the coal lands just southwest of Nokomis sank a mine about a mile from the corporation line of Nokomis. Seeing a good chance to make something by developing a town there, those interested laid out a town plat and began selling lots and building residences for the prospective miners. By the time the mine was in good operation, there were quite a number of residents, and the town was christened Coalton. The place was more rapidly filled up with miners than it was possible to get houses built. The houses gener- ally were small cheap wooden structures, but as the town grows, gradually a better class of building will be erected. Those who moved into the town, came for the purpose of getting work in the mine, and were largely foreigners. Here we may be permitted to say, that when foreign- ers come to this country and get colonized in close proximity to a highly refined community, that their differences of living and customs are so great that difficulty is apt to arise. The whiskey fight that characterized Nokomis for many years, naturally got into the Coalton boom. Those who wanted saloons, helped- people the town with foreigners, because many of them contend that a saloon is a necessity, that to be deprived of it is an infringement of a natural right. As soon as the population of Coalton would justify, urged on by the liquor people, they applied for articles of incorporation, though it would have been much better for them to have remained under the protecting care of Nokomis. The incorporation was granted in 1916, at which time somewhere near 1.000 people claimed the village as a residence. The following are the first board of officials: John Davito, Louis Jaros, Paul Federke, Charles Odorizzi, Mike Locker, and Mat Mudak. A

school district was organized by the trustees, directors were elected and arrangements made for building a schoolhouse, and owing to the efficiency of Superintendent Lewey, the school- house is a modern building well constructed

HIGH SCHOOL, NOKOMIS

ST. LOUIS CATHOLIC CHURCH, NOKOMIS

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, NOKOMIS

915

HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

and equipped, with reference to hygiene and up- to-date educational ideas. The following have been employed as teachers: Ira Hammel, Inez Wilson and Ruth Sullivan.

WENONAH.

A mile north of Nokomis, in the vicinity of one of its coal mines a town was laid off after the sinking of the mine had begun, and the above name was given it. It is almost exclusively made up of the mining population and contains at this time about 200 or more people. It has a schoolhouse and there is a railroad switch that extends to its mine making connection with the main track. Plans are being made to incorporate the town in the near future.

CITY OF NOKOMIS.

With the building of the Alton & Terre Haute Railroad, Nokomis came into existence. T. C. Huggins of Bunker Hill came here, and with his keen prescience and foresight saw that the rich soil of this section was sure to attract settlers and business would result from their coming, so proceeded to lay out the site for a town. This was seventeen years before the township was set off and named for the town which by that time had attained to considerable growth. On March 9, 1867, the village was in- corporated and out of this small beginning has come one of the best towns in the county. The first incorporation was under the act for the regulation of villages, and later, the growing village was re-incorporated as a town under dif- ferent provisions of the statute. On Feb. 6. 1893, the town was large enough to desire cer- tain advantages not conferred in the acts under which it was then incorporated, and incorpora- tion papers were taken out as a city. Henry N. Randle was elected as the first mayor ; George Schaffer, clerk; George E. Whitten, treasurer and Thomas MI. Jett. city attorney, with the following as the board of aldermen : M. Quick, J. S. Weekley, Jolın Hukill, Luther Manning, W. E. Stokes and Peter Moss. The election at which these officials were elected was held April 1S, 1893. The officials have been changed from year to year, generally for the best interests of the city and the satisfaction of the people, and today the board consists of: Joseph Weinstein, mayor; H. G. Frerichs. city clerk; August Weber, treasurer and W. G. Webster, city attor-

ney ; aldermen : E. W. Tooley, C. K. Kempton, R. L. Kelley, Thomas Umpleby, John Pier and Thomas Wolters. Oliver Boutwell was the first merchant, and after a short time he sold to H. F. Rood, who in addition to the stock of goods thus secured, built another storeroom and opened up the second store. The first hotel was built and operated by a Mr. Hart, and later it was known as the Eureka Hotel. It was north of the rail- road. In 1865 James Bone built and ran the second hotel continuing till a fire in 1881, when it was burned to the ground. In 1856 a postoffice was established in Nokomis, with Oliver Bout- well as the postmaster; he served two years being superseded in 1S5S, by H. F. Rood, who held the office till 1861, when W. F. Mulkey was put in, only holding the office for one year, when Mr. Rood was re-appointed, holding the office in 1864, when Thomas Judson superseded him serving till 1865. By another turn of the government machinery D. P. Brophy super- seded him. Mr. Brophy held the office till 1SSS, when Robert Gelly began a four-year term. At its close Mr. John Monaghan got the plum, holding for a four-year term, to be succeeded by Charles F. Best. Mr. Best had hanging on qual- ities and continued to grace the office till 1915, when he was ousted to make way for A. J. Echoff, who now fills the position.

NOKOMIS OF TODAY.

We have given a few of the beginnings of this progressive city and now give some account of its activities today. The city is on slightly roll- ing land. Its streets are wide with fine borders of maple affording abundance of shade. Well lighted by electric power, it manifests at all times a general air of prosperous importance natural with the knowledge that there is wealth and culture in the midst. It has a popu- lation of 3.500 without counting its suburbs. Coalton. a mile south, has about 300 population and Wenonah on the north, something like 200, making a total population of 4,000. Its schools are among the best in the country, there being twenty-one rooms, employing twenty-two teachers, of which Prof. W. P. Thacker is the superintendent. Its churches are large and plentiful, and are the Presbyterian, Methodist, Catholic, Baptist, Lutheran and German Luth- eran. Lodges in abundance are in active opera- tion including the Masonic, Eastern Star. Wood- man, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Court of

916

HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

Honor, and others. In business there are eight dry goods stores, three general stocks, three hardware stocks, two drug stores, two jewelry stores, two hotels, two garages, two livery stables, four restaurants, one laundry, three banks. eleven saloons, four barber shops, two picture shows, six public halls, and numerous other places of business such as offices, rooming houses and minor business lines. The school funds are at present under the management of J. M. Shoemaker. The insurance business is well represented by several local representatives, besides the farmers have a Mutual Insurance Company, the oldest and second strongest in the county, of which Samuel Shoemaker is the active secretary and manager. The perpetual fight of the whiskey devotees to keep saloons for the sale oť liquor in the city, has retarded its growth somewhat, but with all this Nokomis is one of the best cities of its size in the state.

NOKOMIS PAPERS.

The first paper established in Nokomis was the Advocate, which ran from 1868 to 1871. It was managed by A. H. Draper and Mr. Hender- son. and was mainly an advertising sheet. From 1871 to 1874 Pickett & White ran the Gazette. In 1873 this paper suspended publication till 1878 when the plant was consolidated with the Free Press, which had been established in 1875 by E. M. Hulbert. A. II. White bought and ran the paper. In 1878 Hulbert & Graden organized the Free Press Gazette. Later Mr. Graden separated from the paper and established the Atlas, which was later united with the Free Press Gazette. Adam Rademacher obtained pos- session of the paper and continued its publica- tion till 1880 when Mr. Hulbert installed the first power press in the county. In 1SS1, Mr. Hulbert established the Deutsche American. Joseph W. Wild came here in 1SS1, and worked for Mr. Hulbert for some six years, and was the editor of the German sheet. The present Free Press Gazette is the outgrowth of the con- solidations of the Advertiser of Draper, the Gazette of Pickett & White, the Free Press of Hulbert and the Atlas of H. M. Graden. Be- sides these papers, there was the Journal of J. M. Weber, the Deutsche American of Hulbert and the Progress and Eagle of Cole and Knabb, have all come into combination. The newspaper business in Nokomis is similar to that of almost every town in the country, a series of establish-

ments and measurable failures, until the busi- ness becomes of sufficient magnitude to afford an adequate support, and even then it requires the best financial management to make any money in the business. More is said about the present newspapers of Nokomis in the chapter on periodicals.

CHURCHES.

The history of every civilized community in- cludes as one of its prominent landmarks, the early churches and the efforts and sacrifices and experiences in their making. The history of one church is in degree the record of every one. We here give a brief sketch of one, and can but remark that the heroism here shown is an example of that shown in the upbuilding of every church and school of the pioneer days.,

ST. MARK'S EVANGELICAL CHURCH.

In 1852, Daniel Easterday located in Audubon Township, and he with Mrs. John Sanders, then living in the town of Audubon (now a cornfield) were the only Lutherans in the northeast part of the county. In 1853, Rev. Amos Bartholomew began preaching in Audubon. He was followed by Rev. D. D. Swaney, in 1855 and, in 1856 a house for worship was erected at a cost of $800. Mr. Swaney continued to preach there until 1870, serving churches also at Vandalia, and Hickory Creek. In 1866, the Audubon Church not being in a prosperous condition, Rev. S. L. Harkey hav- ing organized a church at Nokomis, the Audubon Church united with that at Nokomis, and built a churchhouse at a cost of $4,500. The old Audu- bon Church was in 1SGS sold to the Methodist. The new Nokomis church was dedicated by Rev. M. M. Bartholomew and Rev. George A. Bowers. The church at that time had twenty-three mem- bers. Since that time the following have served the church as ministers: S. L. Harkey, M. M. Bartholomew, John Rugan, M. L. Kunkleman, J. E. Wesner, D. M. Henkel, J. F. Booher, Walter A. Lilly, D. A. Shelter, E. A. Rees, C. Rollin Sherck, H. C. Funk, T. B. Hersch, J. N. Lentz, Pearson J. Alberthus, L. F. Gunderman, F. B. Uhl, and the present pastor, F. M. Porch. The church is now in a very prosperous condition. It has a membership of about 135, and is effi- ciently managed in all its departments. A. J. Echoff is the vigorous superintendent of the Sunday school. On October 22, 1916, the fiftieth

917

HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

anniversary of the church was celebrated with appropriate services. "No bonds are more last- ing or tender than those formed around the sacred altar."

NOKOMIS CITY OFFICIALS.

The following have served Nokomis as police magistrate: James W. Sprouse, 1866; Edward P. Downing, 1868 ; Samuel T. Strider, 1872, 1SS0 and 1SS4; Charles H. Shafer, 1888; Joseph R. Woolf, 1SS6 ; Andrew J. Holcomb, 1892; Christian Ulrico, 1896 and 1900; Elisha Compton, 1904, 190S and 1912; M. A. Keiser, 1914 and 1916.

Those who have filled the mayor's office have been : G. S. Upstone, H. N. Randle, John Hukill, John Woltmann, J. H. Weinstein, Nick Singler, John Woltmann, J. H. Weinstein, W. C. Hovey, and J. H. Weinstein, in the order in which they are given. Those who have acted as city clerk, in the order stated have been: George Shaper, John M. Shoemaker, Wells M. Tooley, S. M. Strain, J. W. Shoemaker, Van W. Russell, and H. G. Frerich. The city treasurer's office has been filled by: Garrett Carstens, G. H. Span- nagel, George E. Whitten, Frank Draper, Frank Yackel, George E. Whitten, J. L. Manning, and August Weber.

The city has a splendid system of waterworks built without endangering the city by a large indebtedness, largely under the direction of city attorney W. G. Webster. Two coal shafts in running condition are reported elsewhere. A system of sewerage has been worked out and agreed to, to be completed in the near future. The city is well policed, the present police mag- istrate being M. A. Keiser and the present mar- shal E. P. Lehman. The moral and educational interests are well looked after. Preston Thacker is at present the superintendent of schools, and the following are the ministers in charge of the various churches represented in the city : Meth- odist, Reverend Ward; Presbyterian, Reverend Alexander ; Catholic, Reverend Johannes ; Luth- eran. Reverend Porch. and Baptist, Reverend Smith.

TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS.

The following have served Nokomis Township as town clerks : 1873, D. H. Zepp; 1874-1876, George Sippell; 1877-1879, A. F. Weaver; 1880, W. O. Bone ; 1SS1-1SS2, C. H. Sohper ; 1SS3, H. N. Randle; 1884-1889. C. H. Sohper; 1890-1891, M.

E. Touhy ; 1892, Jesse Moos; 1893-1895, Edwin Safford; 1895, E. Frank Draper; 1896-1902, Ed- win Safford ; 1903-1905, W. S. Keer ; 1906, George Hildebrandt ; 190S-1915, W. A. Holmes; and 1916, George D. H. Jelly.

The following have served Nokomis precinct and township as justices of the peace : John J. Wetmore, 1858-1861; John W. Hellen, 1865; M. T. Easterday, 185S-1861; W. F. Mulken, 1861; John W. Hefley, 1865; Abe E. Van House, 1865 ; Tillman H. Walls, 1865-1869; John W. Hand- cock, 1869; Joseph R. Wolf, 1873; E. A. Cooler, 1873; John Carstens, 1873-1SS2 ; James H. Zepp, 1874; William Morrison, 1877; John W. Hand- cock, 1877; James W. Sprouse, 1SS1; Elisha Compton, 1SS3; Albert Kroll, 1SS5; Henry M. Todd, 1885-1SS9-1893; Peter Moos, 1889; James M. Hurry, 1893; E. Frank Draper, 1895-1897 ; William Oberle, 1895; William H. Sullivan, 1897 ; H. H. Woveston, 1901; G. W. Beanblasson, 1902; Christian Ulric, 1904-1906; John Carstens, 1905-1909; E. P. Selman, 1909; E. P. Lehman, 1913; W. W. Gage, 1916.

The following have served Nokomis precinct and township as constables: Marion Jewett, 1861; William H. Russel, 1863; Elias P. Baxter, 1863 and 1865; Eugene Brightmon, 1865; Isaac F. Strider, 1869; Ushel W. Davis, 1869; Reuben E. Wetmore, 1871; William O. Bone, 1877 ; Peter Newcomer, 1877; Thomas J. Jayne, 1879 ; Jasper N. Fry, 1SS1; Thomas E. Richards, 1SS1, 1SS5 and 1SS9; Samuel .D. Newberry, 1SS5; Charles S. Handcock, 1SS6; W. B. Evans, 1SS9, 1900, 1901, 1905 and 1909; Frank H. Burnes, 1893; Leander S. DeWitt, 1893; W. M. May. 1895; Edwards G. Kerr, 1896 and 1897; William Og- lerby, 1897 ; Benjamin Callison, 1900 and 1901; Clarence Wofford, 1905; James Ward, 1909 and 1913.

The following have served Nokomis Township as supervisors : John H. Beatty, 1873, 1875 and 1876; James M. Kerr, 1874, 1SS1 and 1SS2; Rob- ert R. Kerr, 1877, 1878; L. A. Swaney, 1879; E. S. Smalley, 1880 ; John Carstens, 1SS3, 1SS4, 1SS5, and 1SS6; Henry A. Best, 1SS7 and 1SSS; F. M. Sawyer, 1SS9, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906 and 1907; Garrett Carstens 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1897 ; John Hukill, 1898 and 1899; George H. Webster, 1900 and 1901; R. T. Paddock, 190S and 1909; D. H. Best, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915 and 1916. The board has wisely looked to Nokomis many times for a chairman each time drawing men of ability. John H. Beatty, James M. Kerr and Garrett

918

HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

Carstens have each served the county in that capacity.

CHAPTER XXXI.

NORTH LITCHFIELD TOWNSHIP.

IN GENERAL - BOUNDARIES - EARLY SETTLERS - PIONEER CONDITIONS-INDIAN HISTORY-EARLY EVENTS-BARNETT- HONEY BEND-EARLY HIS- TORY OF LITCHFIELD'S MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP- MAYORS-CITY CLERKS-NEW CONDITIONS-COAL, OIL AND GAS-EARLY BANDS-LITCHFIELD POLICE OFFICIALS - POLICE MAGISTRATES - CITY MAR- SHALS - LITCHFIELD DURING CIVIL WAR - SOME PROMINENT LITCHFIELDERS-LITCHFIELD CHURCHES-MEN-NEWSPAPERS AND POLITICS- 1

POST OFFICE-POSTMASTERS-MODERN LITCHFIELD -EARLY SCHOOLS AT LITCHFIELD- NORTH LITCH- FIELD OFFICIALS-JUSTICES OF THE PEACE-CON- STABLES- CLERKS- ASSESSORS- COLLECTORS- COMMISSIONERS-ROAD OVERSEERS-POUNDMAST- ERS-SCHOOL TRUSTEES-SCHOOL TREASURERS- SUPERVISORS-ASSISTANT SUPERVISORS.

IN GENERAL.

North Litchfield Township, by reason of hav- ing the larger part of the city of Litchfield with- in her borders, is one of the most important townships in the county. It is made important from the wealth, the business, and the population that the city gives. The township is also in- herently important from the fact that the soil in the most parts is of a highly productive quality, and the farmers are thrifty and ener- getic patrons of God's first calling. The center- ing of railroads and industries in the township makes it a distributing point both for the farmer and the merchant that lends value to the interest of the township as a whole. These forces and enterprises will be more fully considered in des- cribing the history of the city. While Litchfield as a city is not so old as other towns of the county, yet the township was peopled, cultivated and homes established, and had a history years before the city was ever supposed to be a pos- sibility. It is this old history that we now seek

to unfold. The larger part of the township was originally prairie though there were skirts of timber on the southern and eastern borders and a little in other parts.

BOUNDARIES.

North Litchfield Township is bounded on the north by Zanesville Township; on the east by Butler Township; on the south by South Litch- field, and on the west by Macoupin County. It is drained by the West Fork of Shoal Creek, Rocky Branch and several other smaller tribu- taries. The soil is white along the creek, but in the prairie is black, glutinous and deep.

EARLY SETTLERS.

The first settler was Robert Briggs who came liere in 1818, but settlement was slow, for by 1830, there were but a few other families aside from his in the entire township. Early settlers were Thomas Briggs, Aaron Roberts, Matthew and Bennett Woods, the Wildersons, Thomas C. Hughes, Israel Fogleman, Peter Black- welder, Aaron Kean, Alfred Blackwelder, the Bandys, Peter Thompson, Jesse and Israel Ash, Aaron Kean, the Striplings, John C. and James Roberts, Isaac Weaver, Ahart Pierce, C. W. Sapp, Ralph Scherer, Jacob Scherer, and Elihu Rowan and later Nelson Cline, Jesse Ash, S. A. Paden, Mr. Snow, Y. S. Etter, and others. After Mr. Briggs settled near the center of the township, and demonstrated that it was a good place to make homes, the Wilkinsons, and Lock- harts settled not far from him. The pioneers always settled in clusters for the mutual pro- tection and interchange of neighborly acts to- ward each other which constituted a bond of affection between them, the results of which may be seen and felt among the old people of today.

Thomas Hughes and Israel Fogelman, began another settlement near Honey Bend, and Alfred and Peter Blackwelder settled near them. In 1827 Nicholas Lockerman and others had begun a settlement just south of the township line, and in the neighborhood of the above. The first move in every early settlement of a public nature was to begin the custom of having religious worship, and as soon as possible the organizing of a church. So we find Rev. John Jordan, who had located in Walshville Township, coming here and preaching in about 1831. He was a Baptist, as was Reverend Tenter, who also preached about

William H, noble

Sophie Hobbe

919

HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY

that time, and Rev. James Street, who is said to have preached the first sermon, and hence the first church to organize was of the Baptist de- nomination. Several of these pioneer churches were organized and houses built in North Litch-' field, Zanesville, and other townships some of which have gone down and others are held only for occasional services or for convenience to the cemeteries that were invariably established in connection with them. The second church to be organized was the Methodist, its main or- ganizers being William Williams and Isaiah Hur- ley. It was just south of Honey Bend and is now known as Phillips Chapel. The location of a large town or city within the enclosures of a township, while of advantage to the rural popu- lation in many ways, yet has its deteriorating in- fluences. The country inhabitants are subordin- ated to the interests of the city. Churches once well patronized decrease as those of the city in- crease. Even the small towns are overshadowed by the larger ones and frequently die unnatural deaths in their struggle for continued existence. Hardinburg once the pride of this portion of the county, is now only a reminiscence. Honey Bend and Walshville and Butler and Hornsby are neither having a normal growth while Litchfield, and Hillsboro, Raymond and Nokomis, the larger towns of the county grow with no seeming effort. Is it a question of the "survival of the fittest?" we leave it to the reader to answer.

PIONEER CONDITIONS.

In connection with the establishment of places . of worship by our forefathers was the forming of such schools as lay within their power for the education of their large families. Mr. Hurley, so far as we can ascertain was the first early teacher. The first schools were subscription schools, and the wages were not to be paid by the monthi but by the poll, and oftentimes were paid in such articles as the parent could spare that the teacher might need to live on. Then burial grounds had to be established, so that the church, the school and the cemetery were always the first evidences of a permanent settlement, and were usually located together. In 1829, Mrs. Bennett Woods died, and was buried in the Woods Cemetery near Honey Bend, hers being the first death in the township and the first burial. The old Baptist Church is now known as the Little Flock Baptist Church, and George

W. Wallis of Honey Bend is the present clerk of the trustees.

An early writer in speaking of the settlements in this part of the county in particular, though his remarks would apply to all early settlers, says : "The floors of the early cabins were made of puncheons, that is of split logs, and when laid down were so uneven that a table had invariably to be leveled by means of wedges under the legs in the lower places, and if by any cause they became removed there was liable to be the spilling of a meal onto the poorly kept floor. The large split wood chimneys daubed with clay mud, and having stone hearths, were so large that in a rain large quantities of water would come down them, causing water puddles to gather on the hearth, and the all-purpose skillet was used to dip up the water and throw it out of doors. Gourds were used for dippers, and the larger ones for the reception of lard, salt, sugar, meal and so forth. Pewter plates were then in common use, which as the reader knows was a heavy cheap metal, that was unbreakable and practically ever-lasting in its wearing qualities."

From the time of the organization of the county in 1821 to about 182S, all the people of the county had to go to the county seat to vote, and this annual pilgrimage was made a sort of old settlers gathering, and usually celebrated with the free use of the old fashioned corn whiskey.

INDIAN HISTORY.

That the Indians roved over this county, and had their accustomed places of camping long be- fore the coming of the whites, is certain, and North Litchfield Township had her Indian camps. The most popular camp seems to have been in the southeastern part of town 9-5, just a little way northwest of the present grounds of the Chautauqua Association. Many arrow points and other evidences of them have been found there. Mr. Kessinger in some recent newspaper articles has related a traditional re- port that there was at an early day, an Indian massacre near the southern boundary of Hills- boro Township. He places the event as early as 1800 or prior thereto, and states that a family of white people were massacred. The account is doubted by many because of its early date and had it been later other writers would have made mention of it. But here we will say, that all the

Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.

Historical encyclopedia of Illinois and history of Montgomery County, Volume II, Part 54

Author: Bateman, Newton, 1822-1897, ed. cn; Selby, Paul, 1825-1913, ed. cn; Strange, Alexander T., ed Publication date: 1918 Publisher: Chicago : Munsell Publishing Co. Number of Pages: 810

Author: Bateman, Newton, 1822-1897, ed. cn; Selby, Paul, 1825-1913, ed. cn; Strange, Alexander T., ed
Publication date: 1918
Publisher: Chicago : Munsell Publishing Co.
Number of Pages: 810