USA > Illinois > Warren County > Historical encyclopedia of Illinois and history of Warren County, Volume I > Part 101
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& South Railroad going out of existence. In May, 1899, the St. Louis, Peoria & Northern was sold to the reorganized Chicago & Alton Railroad Company, to be operated as a short line between Peoria & St. Louis.
ST. LOUIS, ROCK ISLAND & CHICAGO RAILROAD. (See Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad.)
ST. LOUIS SOUTHERN RAILROAD, a line running from Pinckneyville, Ill., via Murphys- boro, to Carbondale. The company is also the lessee of the Carbondale & Shawneetown Rail- road, extending from Carbondale to Marion, 17.5 miles-total, 50.5 miles. The track is of standard gauge and laid with 56 and 60-pound steel rails. The company was organized in August, 1886, to succeed to the property of the St. Louis Coal Rail- road (organized in 1879) and the St. Louis Central Railway; and was leased for 980 years from Dec. 1, 1886, to the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute Railroad Company, at an annual rental equal to thirty per cent of the gross earnings, with a mini- mum guarantee of $32,000, which is sufficient to pay the interest on the first mortgage bonds. During the year 1896 this line passed under lease from the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute Rail- road Company, into the hands of the Illinois Central Railroad Company.
ST. LOUIS, SPRINGFIELD & VINCENNES RAILROAD COMPANY, a corporation organized in July, 1899, to take over the property of the Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern Railway in the State of Illinois, known as the Ohio & Mississippi and the Springfield & Illinois Southeastern Railways - the former extending from Vin- cennes, Ind., to East St. Louis, and the latter from Beardstown to Shawneetown. The prop- erty was sold under foreclosure, at Cincinnati, July 10, 1899, and transferred, for purposes of reorganization, into the hands of the new cor- poration, July 28, 1899. (For history of the several lines see Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern Railway.)
ST. LOUIS, VANDALIA & TERRE HAUTE RAILROAD. This line extends from East St. Louis eastward across the State, to the Indiana State line, a distance of 158.3 miles. The Terre Haute & Indianapolis Railroad Company is the lessee. The track is single, of standard gauge, and laid with steel rails. The outstanding capi- tal stock, in 1898, was $3,924, 058, the bonded debt, $4,496,000, and the floating debt, $218,480. - (HIS- TORY ) The St. Louis, Vandalia & Terre Haute Railroad was chartered in 1865, opened in 1870 and leased to the Terre Haute & Indianapolis
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Railroad, for itself and the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad.
ST. LOUIS & CAIRO RAILROAD, extends from East St. Louis to Cairo, Ill., 151.6 miles, with a branch from Millstadt Junction to High Prairie, 9 miles. The track is of standard gauge and laid mainly with steel rails .- (HISTORY.) The origi- nal charter was granted to the Cairo & St. Louis Railroad Company, Feb. 16, 1865, and the road opened, March 1, 1875. Subsequently it passed into the hands of a receiver, was sold under fore- closure, July 14, 1881, and was taken charge of by a new company under its present name, Feb. 1, 1882. On Feb. 1, 1886, it was leased to the Mobile & Ohio Railroad Company for forty-five years, and now constitutes the Illinois Division of that line, giving it a connection with St. Louis. (See Mobile & Ohio Railway.)
ST. LOUIS & CENTRAL ILLINOIS RAIL- ROAD. (See St. Louis, Chieago & St. Paul Railroad.)
ST. LOUIS & CHICAGO RAILROAD (of Illinois). (See St. Louis, Peoria & Northern Railway.)
ST. LOUIS & EASTERN RAILROAD. (See St. Louis, Peoria & Northern Railway.)
ST. LOUIS & PEORIA RAILWAY. (See St. Louis, Peoria & Northern Railway. )
ST. LUKE'S HOSPITAL, located in Chicago. It was chartered in 1865, its incorporators, in their initial statement, substantially declaring their object to be the establishment of a free hos- pital under the control of the Protestant Epis- copal Church, which should be open to the afflicted poor, without distinction of race or creed. The hospital was opened on a small scale, but steadily increased until 1879, when re-incor- poration was effected under the general law. In 1885 a new building was erected on land donated for that purpose, at a cost exceeding $150,000, exclusive of $20,000 for furnishing. While its primary object has been to afford accommoda- tion, with medical and surgical care, gratuitously, to the needy poor, the institution also provides a considerable number of comfortable, well-fur- nished private rooms for patients who are able and willing to pay for the same. It contains an amphitheater for surgical operations and clinics, and has a free dispensary for out-patients. Dur- ing the past few years important additions have been made, the number of beds increased, and provision made for a training school for nurses. The medical staff (1896) consists of thirteen physicians and surgeons and two pathologists.
ST. MARY'S SCHOOL, a young ladies' semi- nary, under the patronage of the Episcopal Church, at Knoxville, Knox County, Ill .; was incorporated in 1858, in 1898 had a faculty of four- teen teachers, giving instruction to 113 pupils. The branches taught include the classics, the sciences, fine arts, music and preparatory studies. The institution has a library of 2,200 volumes, and owns property valued at $130,500, of which $100,000 is real estate.
STAGER, Anson, soldier and Telegraph Super- intendent, was born in Ontario County, N. Y., April 20, 1825; at 16 years of age entered the serv- ice of Henry O'Reilly, a printer who afterwards became a pioneer in building telegraplı lines, and witlı whom he became associated in various enter- prises of this character. Having introduced several improvements in the construction of bat- teries and the arrangement of wires, he was, in 1852, made General Superintendent of the princi- · pal lines in the West, and, on the organization of the Western Union Company, was retained in this position. Early in the Civil War he was entrusted with the management of telegraph lines in Southern Ohio and along the Virginia border, and, in October following, was appointed General Superintendent of Government tele- graphs, remaining in this position until Septem- ber, 1868, his services being recognized in his promotion to a brevet Brigadier-Generalship of Volunteers. In 1869 General Stager returned to Chicago and, in addition to his duties as General Superintendent, engaged in the promotion of a number of enterprises connected with the manu- facture of electrical appliances and other branches of the business. One of these was the consolidation of the telephone companies, of which he became President, as also of the West- ern Edison Electric Light Company, besides being a Director in several other corporations. Died, in Chicago, March 26, 1885.
STANDISH, John Van Ness, a lineal descendant of Capt. Miles Standish, the Pilgrim leader, was born at Woodstock, Vt., Feb. 26, 1825. His early years were spent on a farm, but a love of knowl- edge and books became his ruling passion, and he devoted several years to study, in the "Liberal Institute" at Lebanon, N. H., finally graduating, with the degree of A. B., at Norwich University in the class of 1847. Later, he received the degree of A.M., in due course, from his Alma Mater in 1855; that of Ph.D. from Knox College, in 1883, of LL.D from St. Lawrence University in 1893, and from Norwich, in 1898. Dr. Standish chose the profession of a teacher, and has spent
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over fifty years in its pursuit in connection with private and public schools and the College, of which more than forty years were as Professor and President of Lombard University at Galesburg. He has also lectured and conducted Teachers' Institutes all over the State, and, in 1859, was elected President of the State Teachers' Associ- ation. He made three visits to the Old World- in 1879, '82-83, and '91-92-and, during his second trip, traveled over 40,000 miles, visiting nearly every country of Europe, including the "Land of the Midnight Sun," besides Northern Africa from the Mediterranean to the Desert of Sahara, Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Asia Minor. A lover of art, he has visited nearly all the principal museums and picture galleries of the world. In politics he is a Republican, and, in opposition to many college men, a firm believer in the doctrine of protection. In religion, he is a Universalist.
STAPP, James T. B., State Auditor, was born in Woodford County, Ky., April 13, 1804; at the age of 12 accompanied liis widowed mother to Kaskaskia, Ill., where she settled; before he was 20 years old, was employed as a clerk in the office of the State Auditor, and, upon the resignation of that officer, was appointed his successor, being twice thereafter elected by the Legislature, serv- ing nearly five years. He resigned the auditor- ship to accept the Presidency of the State Bank at Vandalia, which post he filled for thirteen years; acted as Aid-de-camp on Governor Rey- nolds staff in the Black Hawk War, and served as Adjutant of the Third Illinois Volunteers dur- ing the war with Mexico. President Taylor appointed Mr. Stapp Receiver of the United States Land Office at Vandalia, which office he held during the Fillmore administration, resign- ing in 1855. Two years later he removed to Decatur, where he continued to reside until his death in 1876. A handsome Methodist chapel, erected by him in that city, bears his name.
STARK COUNTY, an interior county in the northern half of the State, lying west of the Illi- nois River ; has an area of 290 square miles. It has a rich, alluvial soil, well watered by numer- ous small streams. The principal industries are agriculture and stock-raising, and the chief towns are Toulon and Wyoming. The county was erected from Putnam and Knox in 1839, and named in honor of General Stark, of Revolution- ary fame. The earliest settler was Isaac B. Essex, who built a cabin on Spoon River, in 1828, and gave his name to a township. Of other pio- neer families, the Buswells, Smiths, Spencers and
Eastmans came from New England; the Thom- ases, Moores, Holgates, Fullers and Whittakers from Pennsylvania; the Coxes from Ohio; the Perrys and Parkers from Virginia; the McClana- hans from Kentucky; the Hendersons fron Ten- nessee; the Lees and Hazens from New Jersey ; the Halls from England, and the Turnbulls and Olivers from Scotland. The pioneer church was the Congregational at Toulon. Population (1880), 11,207; (1890), 9,982; (1900), 10,186.
STARVED ROCK, a celebrated rock or cliff on the south side of Illinois River, in La Salle County, upon which the French explorer, La Salle, and his lieutenant, Tonty, erected a fort in 1682, which they named Fort St. Louis. It was one mile north of the supposed location of the Indian village of La Vantum, the metropolis, so to speak, of the Illinois Indians about the time of the arrival of the first French explorers. The population of this village, in 1680, according to Father Membre, was some seven or eight thou- sand. Both La Vantum and Fort St. Louis were repeatedly attacked by the Iroquois. The Illinois were temporarily driven from La Vantum, but the French, for the time being, successfully defended their fortification. In 1702 the fort was abandoned as a military post, but continued to be used as a French trading-post until 1718, when it was burned by Indians. The Illinois were not again molested until 1722, when the Foxes made an unsuccessful attack upon them. The larger portion of the tribe, however, resolved to cast in their fortunes with other tribes on the Mississippi River. Those who remained fell an easy prey to the foes by whom they were sur- rounded. In 1769 they were attacked from the north by tribes who desired to avenge the murder of Pontiac. Finding themselves hard pressed, they betook themselves to the bluff where Fort St. Louis had formerly stood. Here they were besieged for twelve days, when, destitute of food or water, they made a gallant but hopeless sortie. According to a tradition handed down among the Indians, all were massacred by the besiegers in an attempt to escape by night, except one half- breed, who succeeded in evading his pursuers. This sanguinary catastrophe has given the rock its popular name. Elmer Baldwin, in his History of La Salle County (1877), says: "The bones of the victims lay scattered about the cliff in pro- fusion after the settlement by the whites, and are still found mingled plentifully with the soil." (See La Salle, Robert Cavelier; Tonty; Fort St. Louis.)
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