USA > Illinois > History of the Thirty-fourth regiment of Illinois volunteer infantry. September 7 1861. July 12, 1965 > Part 27
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We soon reached our lines and reported to Gen. Mitchell, who complimented us on our efforts and dismissed us, saying that it was impossible for us to do anything more, with the pass lit up as it then was.
About 4 o'clock the General sent for me, and put me in charge of about 100 men of the 113th Ohio, with orders to force our way through the enemy's lines at all hazards and open the dam. We charged their pickets, capturing three of their men, and had almost reached the culvert when the enemy on both
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sides of the pass opened fire on us; but, they being in such an elevated position, most of their shots passed over us. Almost at the same time, the men at the rear of my detachment began shouting, "Sergeant, they're cutting us off; they're cutting us off!" I immediately ordered a retreat; but this was unnecessary, as already- most of my men were making for our lines, just as fast as they could go.
As I passed the head of the enemy's charging column, they could not have been more than 100 yards from the railroad track, and were shouting: "Stop there, you Yankees! Surrender! Surrender!"
Although it was now growing light from approaching day, it was still too dark for them to see we were all getting away from them, and they were too intent on our capture to stop and fire at us.
Again I had to report a failure. Gen. Mitchell said he had thought from the first that we could not open the dam, but that he had twice received orders from Gen. Jeff C. Davis to do so, and that he was now convinced that it could only be done at a great loss of life.
We remained here several days. Near our camp was a double log house, in which lived two sisters. The husband of one was in the Confederate army, and the other was an old maid. The women were long, lean specimens of poor Southern white trash.
One pleasant afternoon, myself and several comrades were lounging on the grass, in the shade of the trees, in front of the house, and the women were sitting out on the porch, when we heard the sharp whistle of a railroad engine not more than a mile in the rear of our camp. One of the women sprang to her feet and cried out: "Well, I swar, Bets, if I didn't hear a kyar holler." Then, turning to us, she continued: "When our folks left hyar they said it would take y'uns a whole year to get hyar, but hyar ye are, and the kyars right arter ye."
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IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR.
CAPTURE OF E. L. MILLS AND A. SWARTWOUT.
Edward L. Mills and Abram Swartwout were on detached service at Brigade Headquarters, when the 34th was left at the Tennessee River, near Stevenson, Ala., about the first of Sep- tember, 1863, to guard the pontoon bridge, while the other Regiments of the Brigade marched on toward the battlefield of Chickamauga. We were captured at that battle, Sept. 19, 1863. We were taken, with the other prisoners, to Richmond, Va., where we arrived about Oct. Ist, and were held there until the last of November, 1863, at which time all the Chickamauga prisoners (5,000) were taken to Danville, Va., and placed in seven tobacco warehouses, and guarded by soldiers-a line of guards around each prison. We remained at Danville until the middle of March, when we two (Ed. and I) were sent to Rich- mond, by a special parole, to take a flag of truce boat, and awaited the coming of the boat for a month, so that on the 16th of April, 1864, we went, with other prisoners, mostly sick, to "City Point," where we were placed on two of the United States steamboats, under the Stars and Stripes. with great joy on the part of the paroled men. Many of the sick were taken to hospitals in Baltimore and Annapolis, while the well ones, or comparatively so, were put in what was called "Parole Camp," near Annapolis, where I stayed until the first of June, IS64, when, being declared exchanged, a few of us were furnished transportation and set out for the Army of the Cumberland, where I arrived with old Co "D," 34th Ill., at Big Shanty, Ga., about June 10th,: 1864.
ABRAM SWARTWOUT.
[Note-Lieutenant W. C. Robinson and Joseph L. Myers, of Co. "A," were paroled at the same' time, and went to An- napolis on the same boat with comrade Swartwout. It's prob- able they were detained in Convalescent Camp for about the same time as mentioned by Comrade Swartwout. --- E. W. P.]
Memorandum of service of Abram L. Swartwout, furnished by himself :---
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Served three years in Co. "D," 34th Ill. Inf. Vols. After muster out, on account of expiration of term of service, and a visit of a few months at his home, at Sublette, Ill., he enlisted as a Veteran, in March, 1865, and served one year as a private in Co. "G," 4th Regt., U. S. Vet. Vols., Hancock's Veteran Corps. For most of the last year he was detailed as a clerk in the War Department at Washington, D. C.
Memorandum of service of Edward L. Mills, furnished by Abram L. Swartwout :--
Served three years in Co. "E," 34th Ill. Inf. Vols. A few months after discharge, he enlisted as a Veteran and served one year in Co. "E," 6th U. S. Vet. Vols., Hancock's Veteran Corps, the greater part of this year being detailed as a clerk at Gen. Hancock's Headquarters.
A GOOD ARMY SURGEON.
It was the misfortune of the "historian" to occupy a bunk in the Second Division Hospital, in Atlanta, from Sept. 6, 1864, to the 23d of October. Many Comrades of the Regiment have been similarly situated, but no one has furnished a statement of their experiences. It is not the purpose of this contribution to do so. In the Hospital Staff was Surgeon W. H. Githens, of the 73th Illinois, of our Brigade. He was a model of the true Army Surgeon, and found no labor for the good of his patients too severe or menial for him to perform. He was both skillful as a surgeon and ingenious in devising means for their comfort. Being in the city of Macomb, Ill., in the spring of 1902, enquiry was made of a Comrade of the 78th Ill., concerning Dr. Gith- ens, and his address was given. A letter addressed to him brought a prompt reply, as follows :--
HAMILTON, III., March 31, 1902.
E. W. PAYNE,
Morrison, Ill.,
Dear Sir and Comrade:
Your letter gives me both surprise and pleasure -- surprise that I should get a word from any one of the large number of
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IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR.
victims of that terrible battle, Jonesboro, and pleasure that I should be remembered so long. I have visited many parts of the United States, since the war, and have constantly enquired for those whom I might have treated, or had charge of in some manner. After the battle of Chickamauga, I had charge of the first ambulance train over Waldron's Ridge, down the Sequat- chie Valley to Bridgeport. I also had charge of the ambulance train from the field hospitals, over Poe's Crossing, and down to Stevenson; and of the ambulance train from Jonesboro to At- lanta; also of the first hospital train north, when Sherman or- dered the hospitals emptied before starting to the sea, and now, after thirty-eight years, I get word from you-the first and only one of all that vast number, except two or three of my own Regiment. To say that I am pleased does not express it.
Under date of April 6, 1902, Dr. Githens pursues the sub- ject-of hospital practice and experiences during the occupation of Atlanta, and the removal of the wounded from that place. It is a phase of army life not much written about, and may inter- est Comrades and others, who have no knowledge of such things from observation :---
Your letter makes me proud and glad to hear further from you; glad to know that you are the soldier whose wound gave me so much anxiety-so much so that I have often wondered what became of the case. Your diagram of the hospital ward proves that you are the man, although I had forgotten the name. I remember distinctly the location of your bunk.
I am also glad to get the credit for doing the best I could. Our Surgeon in charge was a shirk, and all the work fell on me, and I was overworked. I had forty beds of amputations and resections in that old Medical College, all crowded as nearly into one room as they could be, and, as we had no antiseptics, of course the ward would be filled every morning with a terrible odor. There is one thing I am proud of: When we made out our Division Report, instead of consolidating it with others of the 14th Corps, Dr. Cooper ordered it to be sent up separately, as it was the most successful report he had ever seen in eight- een years service in the army. I have now a copy of the report
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THE 34TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY
and will compare it with any number of cases now treated with the new fangled fads. Of course, there are many new im- provements and discoveries in antiseptic surgery, but I claim that hot water, clean cloths and care have much to do. I sup- pose you remember what a curiosity our hospital was to the other doctors. 'The wounded stumps slung up on frames, to give them air, and to facilitate cleanliness without handling. They used to laugh at me, and say that my ward looked more like a spinning factory than a hospital. I suppose you remem- ber the hot whisky milk panches, served each morning. I used to go early to the ward, and would find the men feverish and fret- ful. After compounding a bucketful of punch, made from two quarts of best Bourbon whiskey, condensed milk, hot water and sugar, every man would be served with a four ounce glassful. Upon returning, after breakfast, I would find more tongues wagging than at a political convention; then the work of getting the wounds into soft, clean bandages, and a new set of men were before me. How I would like to meet some of them again! The milk punch was cut off by the attending surgeons, for fear the supply of material would be exhausted, and they be compelled to go without.
You spoke of being sent north, from Atlanta, Oct. 23, with others, in box cars, and of that weary ten mile night walk, to fill the break in the railroad. You, perhaps, do not remember that I had charge of that hospital train, and that, when we were dumped off at that little station, after having been on the cars twenty-four hours, there was not a mouthful of rations for us, although I had asked especially that rations be provided ready for our use. We found some Christian Commission supplies in side- tracked cars, but were refused any of them, until we showed that we were more numerous than those in charge. We got condensed beef and crackers, and borrowed camp kettles from troops near the station, and, late at night, finished our soup and started, on foot, for Dalton. I followed behind to see that no one fell by the wayside, and, just at dawn, I staggered into the station at Dalton, more dead than alive. It was a night of horrors, and from the time we started from the little station un-
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til he brought up in Zollicoffer barracks, at Nashville, I was un- able to get any of the men into any of the hospitals or clean beds. The Medical Director heartlessly dumped the whole lot o us into that vermin infested sink of perdition.
. I was sent home from Nashville in charge of men fur- loughed home to vote. Upon my return to Nashville, I was put in charge of an Invalid Camp, until after the battle, and then was on Post Fever Hospital duty, until I nearly died, but lived through it, and joined the Regiment at Goldsboro, N. C .. in April, 1865.
A LITTLE SOUVENIR.
FROM THE DIARY OF SERGEANT W. H. KENNEDY OF CO. "H."
April 28, 1864-On Picket on the Ringold Road. First Relief. Names and Numbers :-
Morrissey, Co. C, No. I. Scoville, -
A, " 2. Stallsmith, - A, 3. Smith, A,
4. Eckels, .6 D, 5. Slocumb, A, 6. Drew, D, 7. O'Reilly, .: G, I. Brownfield, .. G, 2.
Second Relief :-----
Huff, H, 3.
Heinke, H,
4. Gunder, E 5. Mendal, K, “ 6. Lascert, C, 7.
Comrade Lawrence Kane, of Co. "E," preserved, in his diary, a memorandum, showing the clothing equipment supplied by the government, and prices charged. The allowance to each man was $50.00 per annum. If the account was overdrawn, it was deducted from the pay: if less than the amount, the bal- ance was paid in cash :---
€
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THE 34TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY
Hats, $1.65; Caps, $ .56; Dress Coats, $7.21; Boots, (pegged, ) $2. 37; Boots, (sewed, ) $3.25: Jackets, $5.55; Pants, $3.55; Shirts, $1.46; Drawers, $ .95; Shoes, (pegged, ) $1.48; Overcoats, $7.00.
A PERSONAL.
John W. Dunlava, Arthur, North Dakota, states that he enlisted in Co. "E," and reached Camp Butler, Sept. 7, 1861, and continued with the Regiment, (having re-enlisted as a Vet- eran, ) until in October, 1864, when he secured a twenty days' furlough and went to his home. Upon his return the Army had started on the "March to the Sea," and he remained in Chatta- nooga, with Lieutenant Hall, of his Company, until March, 1865, and then went, by way of New York, to Morehead City and Goldsboro, and joined the Regiment, 17 miles. beyond Raleigh, N. C., and was mustered out as a Sergeant, at Louis- ville, Ky., July 12, 1865. At the time Fort Sumpter was fired on, he was attending school in St. Louis, Mo., and saw the "Elephant" before he appeared to the general public. He says he has not met a 34th man for thirty years, except Capt. J. M. Myers, of Co. "H." whom he met on a train, between Chicago and Polo.
A GOOD RECORD.
As a sample of a good record and possibilities of the mili- tary service in this country, the following memorandum as to Lieutenant L. L. Johnson, of Co. "B," will be interesting :---
Enlisted as a private, and mustered as Fifth Sergeant, Sept. 7, 1861; promoted First Sergeant; commissioned Second Lieutenant, March 10, 1862; First Lieutenant, April 7, 1862. Across his last commission is written, "For Meritorious Con- duct at the Battle of Shiloh, Tenn., April 7, 1862." Was chosen from the Regiment as First Lieutenant in the "Roll of
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IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR.
Honor," at Murfreesboro, Tenn., in February, 1863. Took the highest rating in the Brigade for six successive weeks, for the best drilled, most cleanly men and quarters, in the spring of 1863, at Murfreesboro, Tenn. Was chosen First Lieutenant in Company of Cavalry, as body guard for General Jeff C. Davis, at Atlanta, Ga., in 1864, but chose to stay with the boys of Co. "B," with whom he entered the service.
CAPTURE OF LIEUT. ROBINSON AND J. L. MYERS.
An account of the capture of Lieut. W. C. Robinson and Joseph L. Myers, of Co. .. A," Oct. 12, 1863, at the "Suck," on the Tennessee River, as related by E. W. Payne :---
While in camp at Battle Creek, an event occurred which created some interest in Companies "A" and "B," and incidentally in the Regiment. Lieutenant Parrott, of Co. "B," had been commissioned Captain of that Company, and Orderly Sergeant W. C. Robinson, of Co. "A," as Second Lieutenant. These two went to Chattanooga to be mustered on their com- missions.
They left Chattanooga Oct. 12, 1863, and were joined by Joseph L. Myers, of Co. "A," and William Foy, of Co. "B," they having been on detached duty as wagonmaker and harness- maker. Each provided himself with a convalescent horse or mule, and undertook the short route by the river road, past the "Suck" heretofore mentioned. They were fired upon, by the garrison in the log house, and undertook to run the gauntlet of fire. Lieutenant Robinson lost his hat, and dismounted to re- cover it. His horse escaped, and he sought refuge in the brush. Captain Parrott and Foy dismounted and got behind a log stable, and, as soon as the firing ceased, abandoned their horses, crawled into the brush, and, after getting to safe dis- tance, took the road up the ridge about two miles, to the house of "Bob" White, and arrived at camp the next day.
It was hoped that Lieutenant Robinson and Myers would return also, but when they failed to show up, at the end of
a
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THE 34TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY
three days, T. C. Chamberlain, of .Co. "A," proposed to this writer that we ask leave for ourselves and Comrades Garwick and Schick, to go and clear up the matter, if possible. Colonel Van Tassell consented to countersign passes, but Captain Ege, having, as he supposed, lost two men, declined to permit more than two others to take any chances.
Starting in the morning, we made about 17 miles, and stopped over night at the house of a farmer, in the Sequatchee Valley, whose daughter Lieutenant L. D. Westcott, of "A" Company, had just recently married. He had been on de- tached duty in the Signal Service, and was stationed near by, but at this time was at home quite ill." The following day, we were delayed by rain until about 10 o'clock, and then went on to Bob White's, and he went with us to the place of the dis- appearance of our two comrades. We took to the brush when nearly a mile from the location, and skulked, and crawled to a position behind a large rock, opposite the house, near the road, and remained until it began to be dusk, and then hurriedly ran over the ground, but found nothing to give any clue to the fate of the comrades.
We returned to White's house and spent the night, and in the morning, without him, went down the mountain to make further search, which was also of no avail, and we withdrew to about a mile west of the locality, and sat down to consider the situation. While waiting, we heard a signal from the mountain on the opposite side of the river, which was answered from near us, on our side of the river, and, knowing that we were dis- covered, were about to beat a retreat, when we saw a boy pass- ing along the road, near the river bank. We asked him if he had heard of any Yankees being killed or captured lately, and he replied that a woman from the south side of the river, who was visiting his mother on the previous Tuesday, saw two prisoners taken past her house, and the description given by him, of the two men, proved beyond doubt that our comrades had gone south.
Returning up the mountain, we bade Bob White and his wife good-bye, and returned to the Regiment, which we over-
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IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR.
took up the Sequatchee Valley, nearly at Anderson's Cross Roads. Bob White was the same person who, the year before, rode out of Gen. Bragg's column and notified Gen. McCool of his danger, as heretofore related. Gen. Bragg, it was reported, had offered a reward for White, dead or alive. He seemed to believe that such was the case, and had made preparations for self-defense. He had, in his house, an Enfield rifle, a double- barrel shotgun, a Winchester (Henry) rifle, and two navy re- volvers. He was a slight-built man, with blue eyes, very quiet, but one who could face any danger without flinching.
The captives were exchanged and joined the Company the following June, when near Big Shanty, in Georgia. They re- ported the conditions under which they were captured, as fol- lows :--
Each sought concealment in the brush, and soon met. A shower coming on, they got under the protection of the shelving side of the large rock above mentioned, and were surprised and captured by a party which crossed the river in a boat.
It is doubtful if so few men, in either army, during the whole war, caused the same extent of damage to their enemy as the handful of men who occupied the old log house on the south side of the river, at the "Suck." They prevented the use of the river road, by which the distance from Stevenson was about 35 miles to Chattanooga making necessary the use of another . road by way of Anderson's Cross Roads, and about 75 or So miles in length, along which were thousands of dead mules. The shorter route could have been opened up with one piece of artillery in twenty minutes, and could have been kept open with a few Companies of Infantry distributed along the road, where it passed near the river. The trio, who constituted the search- ing party, scrutinized the whole situation, and, after due delib- eration, decided that any Corporal, knowing how to aim a piece of artillery, could have solved the whole difficulty, and so it has always seemed since, and to this day no good reason has been apparent why it was not done.
36S
THE 34TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY THE FLAG EPISODE AT KENESAW.
BOZEMAN, Montana, July 15, 1892.
MY DEAR COMRADE :----
Yours of July 11th at hand, in which you request me to give you an account of how it occurred that I carried the colors off the field at Kenesaw.
My dear old boy, I think you are laboring under a mistake, as I have no remambrance of doing anything of the kind. One's memory will be a little clouded after a lapse of thirty-eight years, but I do not think any such event ever occurred at Kene- saw. If the color bearer was wounded, it would have been the duty of the color guard to look out for the colors, and I can not believe there was a member of the 34th who would have ne- glected to do his duty at such a time, and under such circum- stances. I do not wish any honors or credit that does not be- long to me; give it to whom it is due. There is enough for all. Kindly remember me to the 34th boys, and believe me, as ever, Yours Respectfully,
OSCAR VAN TASSEL.
Comrade George Phipps (Co. "A") Color Sergeant at Kene- saw, by special request, gives the following account of his ex- periences with the colors :----
WHITING, Iowa, Aug. 13, 1902.
COMRADE PAYNE :---
I carried our colors that morning up to the breastworks, and held them there, waiting for the lines to come up, but in- stead, they fell back. That is where I was wounded. I crawled back some distance, saw Comrade C. P. Rarey killed on the left of me, and Henry Coryell wounded on the right of me, as I was trying to get back. I saw Lieutenant Teeter, of Co. "I," and gave the flag to him to deliver to Regimental Headquarters. A few minutes later, I was picked up by J. D. Irons, Co. "A's" drummer, and another comrade, whose name I have forgotten, and was placed on a stretcher and carried to the Field Hos- pital. How Colonel Van Tassell obtained the colors is more
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IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR.
than I can say. I do not remember the names of any of the color guards, except Timothy Geidner, of Co. "G," who was previously wounded at Resaca, May 14th, and died of his wounds at Nashville. He was a good soldier and a brave man.
WHITING, Iowa, Aug. 19, 1902.
Yours of the 15th at hand. I was surprised to know that I had passed through the Brigade, and up to the skirmish line, for that is where I was. Company "A" and "B" men were all around me, which accounts for my finding Lieutenant Teeter so soon after being wounded. I know the boys were all mixed up, for there was one man from some Ohio Regiment killed, stand- ing close to me. I saw, from where I stood, the Confederates coming from the right and rear of the lines in our front. They came out of the woods, on a double-quick, towards that point. They came thick and fast. I understand our forces held their ground and, threw up temporary works that night at that point. After being wounded, and while crawling back, a Lieutenant of some Ohio Regiment, wanted me to give the colors to him. I
asked where he belonged, and he said to McCook's Brigade. I told him I could not give the flag to any one but an officer of my own Regiment, and did so; Lieutenant Teeter being the first officer I met.
Comrade Captain Joseph Teeter, Co. "I," gives the follow- ing account of his part in the matter :----
LINCOLN, Neb., Aug. 21, 1902.
DEAR COMRADE PAYNE :---
I have deferred writing, hoping to see you this fall, which I still hope to do, but think best to now give you my version of the flag episode at Kenesaw. I have refreshed my memory from Colonel Van Tassell's report, dated Sept. 4th, 1864. This re- port covers the time from May 2d, 1864, to Sept. 2d, 1864, after the battle of Jonesboro. This report I find in the Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. 38, Page 678, published by the War Department. After stating that
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George Phipps pressed forward with the colors, with the inten- tion of placing them on the enemy's works, was wounded before he could accomplish his design, he brought off the colors when the skirmishers fell back, by order of Gen. Mitchell, but was wounded again, "compelling him to release the colors to Lieu- tenant Teeter,' who carried them from the field."
Now, my recollection of the circumstance is that Phipps came up onto the line when we were close to the works, and I or- dered him back, and just as he started, or just after he started, he was wounded, and, when the line fell back, I went to where he was and took the colors back, and gave them to the Colonel at the line of rifle pits, from which we started on the charge. Now, old boy. I don't want any notoriety in this matter, and if you can saddle it on to the Colonel, all right.
[Neither Phipps, the Color Sergeant, nor Captain Teeter, nor Colonel Van Tassell, shall escape the consequences of their conduct on that day. They did their whole duty, and did it sell, as upon all other occasions. -- E. W. P.]
1
Route of travel of 34th Ills Vol Inf
Sept 2.1861 To July 17, 1865.
on HAS To Camp Wood Ky. 1861. jo Wood To Shiloh Jasper Louisville, Crab, Orchard Murfreesboro. 1862. rfreesboro To Loudon, and return to Chattanooga. 1863
attanooga To Dixon and return . Furlough, 1864-
To Jonesboro and return, and to Florence and return. 1864. To Lafayette. Rome and Atlanta. 1864
Lanza To Savannah, Washington and Chicago. 1864 and 1865
5
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CHICAGO
ITY
KOKO
O DECATUR
CAMP BUTLER
RAPTOR
PARKERSBURG
CE CHASDURA
FLANDRIA
PONTAMOUTH
BOWLING CREF
HANOVER
RICHMOND
NON
CHAUROLSACA
ANTGRD
CHAB ORCHARD
BOYDTON
OXFORD.
NASHV
TENN
RALEIGH
GOLDLABORS
OLOUDON
NOOGA
SAVA
MEMPINS
SHILOH
CORINTH
LYON
COLUMBIA
610
4
R
DIA
NIVE
CHARLESTON
Route of travel of 3'tm Ils Vol Inf" Sept 2.1861 To July 17 1865.
Diren His To Camp Woud Ky
186
Comp Wood To Sluluk Jasper Louisville Crab Orchard Murfreesboro. 1862. . Murfreesboro To Loudon and return to Chattanooga. 1863
1864-
Chattanooga To Dixon and return Forlaugh,
To doneskoro end retard and is Florence and return 1664
To Lafayette, Romie and Atlanta.
ISG-
. Atlanta To Savannah, Washington and Chicago
WASHINGTON
SPRINGFIELD
FINOTSA
FRANKFORT
O CYNTHIANA
ouiSVI
LLE
CATLETTSDUNG
O PARIS
LEXINGTON
ERSV
NOTOWAY. CH
KNOXVILLE.
bMANY
DALLAS
PONVERO
HA VOCFEL CIRCAF
O YAYONTUN
SJONS
ATLANTA
DERSY.ALE
CAVANNAN
COMO
BEDFORD
MAYSVI
eE802
5883H
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