USA > Illinois > The biographical encyclopedia of Illinois of the nineteenth century > Part 116
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NTHONY, REV. MARK, Pastor of the Catholic | the Winthrop Congregational Church, of Charlestown, Church at La Salle, Illinois, was born in Dun- Massachusetts. After a few years his health became . im- paired and he sought recuperation in travel, visiting Europe, Palestine, Egypt, and Greece. Ile returned after an ab- sence of fifteen months to resume his pastorate, which he had retained during this period; but his health remaining poor, he felt constrained to give up his labors, and after resigning for three successive times it was at last reluctantly accepted by his people, and he journeycd to California for his health. This visit did not prove a period of much rest for him. however, as he preached while in San Francisco to an audience of three thousand people in Platt's Hall, which was the beginning of the formation of a new church. He was solicited to remain there, but returned East, and was married December 28th, 1864, to Margaret A. Hyde, of Charlestown. In January, 1865, he was settled as pastor over the Eleventh Presbyterian Church, of New York city, where he remained for over five years; leaving against the unanimous wish of his people for a call to a larger field of labor. While here, and during the last year of the war, he was twice sent to the front as special commissioner in the service of the Christian Commission. In the year IS70 he received a call to his present field of labor, the pastorate of the Third Presbyterian Church of Chicago, where he has been ever since. At his arrival he found a church of one hundred and forty members. Since that time over eleven hundred have been received into the church, from which, also, one hundred and seventy-five have gone out to form and establish two new churches, the result of mission labors ; and at the present date the membership of the mother church is one thousand and fifty, making it the fifth largest Presbyterian church in the United States. Dr. Kittredge is a Director in the Presbyterian Seminary of the North- west, is on the Board of the Washingtonian Ilome and of other charitable institutions of the city. IIe is greatly endeared to his people, and possesses oratorical abilities that place him in the front rank in this city of pulpit orators. garven, county of Waterford, Ireland, May 10th, ISIo, his father being engaged in the trade of a tanner. He began his studies under the tuition of a Protestant clergyman, with the intention of becoming a priest. When sixteen years old he started on travel in foreign lands, in connection with his studies; spending some time in Spain, and remaining during IS41 in the city of Rome. In 1842 he came to America and entered as a student St. Vincent College, at Cape Girardeau, Missouri. He was ordained a priest in the year IS46, and after teaching for a short time, went during the same year to La Salle, Illinois, where he was put in charge of a small nucleus of a church then formed therc, called St. Patrick's Church. During the years IS50-52 he was in charge of a church in San Antonio, Texas, and in IS53 he was sent to Baltimore, Maryland, to gather a congregation and build a church, which he accomplished, remaining there for two years. He then returned to his old pastorate at La Salle, where he has ever since presided with marked success. This church is supposed to be the largest in the State out- side of Chicago, numbering a membership of four thousand persons. Connected with his parish are the following educational institutions, organized and the buildings con- structed under his supervision : the Sisters of Charity School, built in IS58; the Brothers' School, in 1860; and the Parochial School-a free school crected in 1871 and in a flourishing condition, having an attendance of one hundred and sixty. Ile also organized a St. Patrick's Temperance Society of four hundred members, pledged to total absti- nence, and a llibernian Society, of both of which he is the President, as well as presiding over all of the educational institutions above named and the gencral interests of this very large and important parish, in which he has the assist- ance of two subordinate priests. Besides which it is not improper to add that " Father Anthony " has to a very con- siderable degree the good will of the Protestant portion of the community in which he has so long resided.
, ITTREDGE, REV. ABBOTT ELIOT, D. D., was born in Roxbury, now Boston Highlands, July 20th, IS34. His father was Alvah Kit- tredge, of Kittredge & Blake, a widely-known -firm of Boston; and his mother Mchitarel Grozier, of Cape Cod. Ile first attended the public school, then the Latin school, and then entercd Wil- liams College in 1850, graduating in 1854 after a full course. For a year he taught school in Wilton, Connecticut, and then pursued further studies under the tuition of his pastor for another ycar, with reference to a theological training. He next entercd Andover Theological Seminary in IS56, graduating in 1859. Ile was at once settled as pastor of
CLAREN, WILLIAM E., D. D., Bishop Elect of the Protestant Episcopal Diocese of Illinois, was born at Geneva, New York, in IS31. After re . ceiving a good elementary education he became a student in Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, and graduated therefrom with credit in the year IS51. After graduating he turned his attention to journalism, and for several years thercafter he was one of the editors of the Cleveland Plain Dealer. Eventually, however, he felt himself drawn toward the ministry, and in order to prepare himself for the sacred office he began the study of divinity at Allegheny Seminary, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. From this institution he graduated in the year IS60. IIe then entered the Presbyterian ministry in Pittsburgh, but after laboring in that field with zeal and fidelity for four years he
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proceeded to South America, where he devoted himself as | on August 2d, by General Atkinson, and the surrender of a missionary, in the Presbyterian connection, to the spread Black Hawk took place on the 27th of the same month. Black Ilawk, with his two sons and seven other head warriors, were detained as hostages; were taken through the principal eastern cities; and were confined in Fortress Monroe until June 5th, 1833, when they were released, and returned to their tribe. He died at his camp on the river Des Moines, on October 3d, 1838. of the gospel. Three years subsequently he returned to the United States, and shortly accepted a call to a Presby- terian church in Peoria, Illinois. He did not long remain in that charge, however, removing to Detroit, Michigan, to minister in the same connection. Upon his settlement in Peoria he commenced a careful investigation of the system of the Protestant Episcopal Church, with special reference to the sacraments. After diligent study he concluded to transfer his allegiance to the Episcopal Church, and six months after doing so he was ordained a priest, and became the rector of Trinity Church, Cleveland, Ohio, the scene of his early journalistic efforts. In that charge he still remains, and probably will remain should his election as Bishop of Illinois not be confirmed. This election occurred in the Diocesan Convention of Illinois, on September 15th, 1875. IIe received on the second ballot a majority of the clerical votes, and this action was almost unanimously in- dorsed by the laity. The election was necessitated by the failure of, first, Dr. Seymour, and then Dr. De Koven to receive the confirmation of the requisite number of dioceses. Whether Dr. McLaren will be more successful remains at this writing (November, 1875) to be seen. The Bishop elcct is a man of great ability, a ready spcaker and an easy writer. He is also understood to be a very advanced churchman-even more extreme in doctrine and practice than the two divines who have failed of confirmation for the position to which he has been called.
LACK HAWK, or, in the original, Ma-ka-tae- mish-kia-kiak, a noted chief of the Sac and Fox tribes of Indians, though by birth a Pottawatomie, was born at what is now known as Kaskaskia, Illinois, in 1767. At fifteen he was ranked with the braves, and became a successful leader in ex- pcditions against the Osage and Cherokee tribes. About 1788 he succeeded, as head chicf of the Sacs, his father, who had been killed by a Cherokec. Moved by the ex- hortations of the Shawnee Prophet (brother of Tecumseh) and by the presents of British agents, Black Hawk, with the title of General, joined the British with five hundred warriors during the war of 1812. Arcpulse in a battle near Detroit, and an unsuccessful attack on a fort, sur- prised and disgusted the red men, who soon tired of the service. By a treaty made at Prairie du Chien, on July 15th, 1830, and signed by chiefs of various tribes-among them Keokuk, chief of a party of Sacs-their lands east of the Mississippi became the property of the whites. Their removal west was opposed by Black Hawk, but on June 25th, IS31, a force under General Gaines compelled them to depart ; and, after a brief conflict in the following spring, the Indians were completely defeated at the river Bad Axe,
AMPBELL, HON. ALEXANDER, Member of Congress, was born in Franklin county, Penn- sylvania, October 4th, 1814. Ile remained with his parents on the farm until he was fourteen years old, when an older brother, accompanied by Alexander, moved to McConnellstown, Ilunt- ingdon county, and established himself in mercantile busi- ness there. Thenceforward until the fall of 1834, with the exception of a short term spent in the academy at the county seat, his time was divided between his dutics as clerk in his brother's store and his studies in the village school. At the date last mentioncd he entered the em- ployment of Lyon, Short & Co., iron manufacturers, at one of their establishments on the Juniata, and remained there until 1840. Ile then entered the service of Messrs. J. II. & G. R. Schoenberger, as manager of the Juniata Forge, where he continued until the spring of 1844. During that year he made an extensive tour of the Western States. On his return to Pennsylvania he took charge of Mill Creek Furnace, where he remained about two years, after which he accepted the management of the Potomac Furnace, in Loudon county, Virginia, where he remained but a short time. In 1846 he took charge of Greenup Furnace, Ken- tucky, and remained in that capacity until the company disposed of their works, in 1848. He then visited Iron Mountain and Pilot Knob, Missouri, and entered into an arrangement with the Madison Iron and Mining Company, to superintend their works at the latter place. Before entering upon these duties, however, he mct with the mis- fortune of a broken leg, the other being badly injured, which incapacitated him for business until the next fall, when he took charge of the establishment. In the year IS49 he suffered a severe attack of cholera, which again rendered him unfit for work for several months. When health had returned he assumed charge of the Stella Iron Works, on the Maramec, in Missouri, which were com- pleted in 1850. The prospect for business being very poor, the works were not put into operation, and he removed with his family, consisting of himself, wife and two daughters, to La Salle, Illinois, to look after some lands acquired through the old United States Bank, intending to return to Missouri in the following spring. Ilere his life took gradually a decided change, and this busy and chequered experience in mechanics and managerial
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functions was practically ended ; only to enter, however, bank failures, the magnitude of the evil effects of which can hardly be over-estimated. 2. It will place the moneyed interests of the nation under the control of those who pro- duce and distribute the wealth, where such control properly belongs, but which, under the operations of our banking system, is now in the hands of a few gambling bankers, who are growing rich by plundering the industrial classes. 3. It will relieve the producers from an undue proportion of the national tax, which is imposed on them by the pres- ent financial and revenue system. 4. It will reduce the national tax below one-third of the amount required under the system now in operation or any other one that has been proposed. 5. It will reduce the rate of interest on loanable capital in all business transactions, which will quicken all branches of productive industry and restore permanent in- dividual and national prosperity, encourage the develop- ment of our natural resources and enable us to become self-sustaining and independent as a nation. 6. It will re- store commercial relations between all parts of the country, and interest each citizen, pecuniarily, in the preservation and prosperity of the government, a consideration para- mount to all others in the present condition of the country. 7. The economy of its working, the justness of its bearings on all classes and interests, cannot fail to commend it to every intelligent, disinterested mind. To determine this we have only to apply the rules of arithmetic to the several propositions." In 1868 he published a pamphlet entitled " The True Greenback," in which he critically reviewed the censuses of 1850 and 1860 in support of his vicws upon finance. Mr. Campbell has once more stepped to the front in political life, and has just been elected member of Con- gress from his district, where he will no doubt be enabled to urge still more prominently his peculiar views upon the subject which has occupied his best thought and study for so many years. on other fields of wider and more public note. Becoming interested in the coal fields of La Salle county, he decided to locate therc permanently, and has ever since been a resident of La Salle. In the spring of 1851 he engaged in the business of a general land agency, in which he con- tinued for a number of years, at the same time taking a lively interest in railroads and other internal improvements then progressing in the State. He had always been a Whig until that party was dissolved, but had not been prominent in political matters. But on the organization of the Republican party he became one of its supporters, and began to participate actively in the issues of the times. In 1852 he was chosen the first Mayor of the city of La Salle, and was re-elected for a second term. He was elected to the State Legislature in 1858, on the Republican ticket, and in 1861 was chosen a member of the convention to amend the State Constitution. Soon after coming to the State he became acquainted with Mr. Lincoln, and was among his first supporters for the Presidency; acting with the Republican party until the adoption of the national banking system, when he ceased to identify himself with either of the dominant political parties. Upon the breaking out of the rebellion his attention was turned to the question of national finances, and the ways and means by which the money for the prosecution of the war could be provided, without entailing unnecessary burdens upon the tax-payers. The question of national finance has engaged and absorbed the study, the tongue and the pen of Mr. Campbell steadily ever since. As early as 1861 he began publishing a series of articles on the financial troubles of the country and their remedy, which, on the 6th of July of that year, he followed with an "Address to Congress," presenting a condensation of his views. He early foresaw a duration of the war little dreamed of by the people at large. He advocated the issue of treasury notes by the government, and prior to the passage of the law visited Washington to urge upon the President and upon Congress the necessity of such a law. When Congress proposed to establish the national banking GLESBY, GENERAL RICHARD J., Lawyer, ex-Governor of Illinois and United States Sen- ator, was born in Oldham county, Kentucky, on July 25th, 1824. His early education was much neglected, amounting to considerably less than an ordinary common school course. In 1836 he moved to Illinois and settled at Decatur, but two years later he removed to Terre Haute, Indiana. Subsequently he returned to Illinois, where he remained until 1840. In that year he went back to Oldham county, Kentucky, where he learned the carpenter's trade. Once more re- turning to Illinois, in 1842, he there worked at his trade and at farming for two years. Finally, in the spring of 1844, he commenced the study of the law in Springfield, Illinois, and was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1845. He was soon interrupted in his practice by the breaking out system he opposed it vigorously, advocating the adoption of a purely legal tender currency. In his lecture, delivered before the Mercantile Association of Chicago, in September, 1862, he details his plan for inaugurating a system of gov- ernmental currency, and explains the benefits of the same. This is a summary : " The issue of legal tender treasury certificates, in denominations to meet all the wants of business interests, receivable for all government dues, and convertible at the option of the government into stocks or bonds, bearing three per cent. per annum interest, and prin- cipal payable in lawful money, and the bonds to be re- convertible into legal tenders, at the option of the holders. I. This system will furnish a currency of uniform credit in all parts of the Union, and of sufficient volume at all time, thereby relieving the business interests from losses caused by undue expansions and contractions of the currency and of the Mexican war, during which he served about a year
R.f. Oglesby,
ST NATUR TE. M . ILINI
WHGARNI AUDI'SREF
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as a First Lieutenant in the 4th Illinois Volunteers, par- for Governor, and in the following November he was elected by the largest majority ever given in the State. His I term expired in January, 1869. He then returned to his profession, but again, in the campaign of 1872, he was recognized as perhaps the only man who would make the State sure for the Republican party, and accordingly he was again nominated for the Governorship. Again did he earry the State most triumphantly, and he entered upon the duties of Governor, but with a general expectation that he would be elected to the United States Senate, and that the mantle of Governor would fall upon Lieutenant-Governor Bever- idge. This expectation was immediately realized, the Legislature eleeting him on January 21st, 1873, curiously cnough as the suceessor of Lyman Trumbull, whose election in 1860 his vote had been the means of determining. His term will expire on March 3d, 1879. In his career as Senator he has fully justified expectation, having made a very distinct mark by his ability and earnestness. While he has not received the advantages for polish enjoyed by many of his contemporaries in the Senate, he is conspicuous for his sterling integrity and unflinching advocacy of all measures that command his conscientious approval. In his adopted State he is popular to a high degrec, and is familiarly known through its length and breadth as " Diek " Oglesby. ticipating in the siege of Vera Cruz and the battle of Cerro Gordo. Thereafter, resuming the practice of his profession, he meanwhile attended a course of lectures at the Louis- ville Law School, and in April, 1850, went to California, being incited thereto by the marvellous stories sent home by the pioneers of 1849. There he engaged in gold mining operations, actually working in the mines for nearly eighteen months. In the fall of the following year, having had a sufficient experience of a miner's life, he returned to Illinois and resumed the active duties of the legal profes- sion. Considerable sueeess attended his labors, and in the year 1856 he was enabled to take some much-needed rest. He started in that year on an extended tour through Europe, Egypt and the Holy Land, which occupied some twenty months. On reaching home once more he took a more prominent position in politics. Originally a Whig, he had joined the Republican party on its formation, and in his section he took a leading part in the councils of the new organization. In 1858 he ran on its tieket for Congress, and, although defeated, his defeat was a considerable per- sonal triumph. Although his distriet had formerly given from four to five thousand majority for the Democratic nominee, he was unsuccessful by less than two thousand votes. In the year 1860 he was nominated for the State Senate in a strong Democratie distriet, and such was the weight his ability and eharaeter earried, so great was his personal popularity, that he was triumphantly eleeted. Ile EVERIDGE, GENERAL JOHN L., Lawyer, cx-Member of Congress and Governor of Illinois, was born in Washington county, New York, in IS24. At eighteen years of age, that is in 1842, he became a resident of Illinois, and settled in De Kalb eounty. Subsequently he passed several years in Tennessee, and during his residence in that State applicd himself to the study of the law, and was in due course admitted to practise. In 1855 he moved to Chicago and established himself at the bar. Since then, except when called by official position to reside elsewhere, he has been an inhabitant of the Garden City or its suburbs. When it became evident that the erushing of the rebellion would be a work of time, Mr. Beveridge throw up his pro- fessional engagements and enlisted in the service of the United States. In the fall of 1861 he was commissioned Major of the Sth Illinois Cavalry, and until November, 1863, he performed gallant and meritorious service with his regiment in the Army of the Potomae. IIe returned to Chieago in the winter of 1863-64 and organized the 17th Illinois Cavalry, of which he was commissioned Colonel. The regiment was assigned to the Department of the Missouri, where Colonel Beveridge's prompt and skilful performance of duty was recognized by his promotion to the rank of Brigadier-General. He remained in the serviee until February, 1866, when he returned to Cook county, Illinois, with the intention of resuming the practice served in that body for one session, during which the eleetion of a United States Senator had to be decided. His vote determined the election of Lyman Trumbull, the Re- publiean eandidate. At the outbreak of the war of the rebellion he resigned his seat in the Legislature, and on April 25th, 1861, was commissioned Colonel of the 8th Illinois Volunteers, a regiment he had materially assisted to organize. ITis service during the war was honorable and efficient, rendering his popularity throughout the State of Illinois greater than ever. ITis first active service was as a brigade commander under General Grant. With this brigade he was the first to enter Fort Henry. IIe partiei- pated in the eapture of Fort Donelson and in the battle of Corinth, in which he was so severely wounded that he was carried from the field in an apparently dying condition. In April, 1863, he was again on duty as Major-General of Volunteers, having been promoted to that rank for gallantry and eonspieuous ability, with his commission dated from November, 1862. In that capacity he commanded the left wing of the 16th Army Corps. HIis wound continued to trouble him so mueh, however, that he was finally foreed to resign, in May, 1864. Returning home he gave the cause of the Union a generous and efficient support by his labors on behalf of the army and his earnest advocaey of all the war measures of the Lineoln administration. In the ensuing eampaign he was brought forward by an almost general impulse as the candidate on the Republican tieket of the legal profession. Appreciating his gallant services as
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a soldier and his personal worth as a citizen, the people [ in the Legislature, he was elected to the United States of Cook county elected him Sheriff in the fall of 1866, and Scnate. On the breaking out of the civil war, in 1861, he abandoned all other pursuits for the sake of actively main- taining the integrity of the Union. He raised the famous California regiment in New York and Philadelphia, and, declining to be appointed a general, went into the field at its head. At the battle of Ball's Bluff he commanded a brigade, and fell in advance of the line while serving a piece of artillery. His gallantry as a soldier, his devoted public service as a legislator and his fine qualities as a man caused his death to be sincerely mourned in a very wide circle, embracing each community in which he had resided. as Senator from the Twenty-fifth District in the fall of 1870. In the following year he was elected to Congress on the Republican ticket, as Congressman at large to fill the un- expired term of Hon. John A. Logan, elected to the United States Senate. He was not a candidate for re-election to the Forty-third Congress, being in 1872 candidate for Lieutenant-Governor of Illinois on the Republican ticket, with the understanding that in the event of a Republican success General Oglesby, the candidate for Governor, would go to the United States Senate, and that he would be that gentleman's successor in the office of Governor. Ile was elected with the whole ticket by a handsonic majority, and on the election of Governor Oglesby to the United States Scnate by the Legislature, on January 2Ist, 1873, and his resignation of the Governorship, on January 23d, General Beveridge was sworn in as his successor.
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