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GEN
SEN
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 02322 2976
GENEALOGY 977.201 F29H
HISTORY
OF
FAYETTE COUNTY INDIANA
HER PEOPLE, INDUSTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS
FREDERIC IRVING BARROWS Editor-in-Chief
With Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families
ILLUSTRATED
1917 B. F. BOWEN & COMPANY, Inc. Indianapolis, Indiana
1139177
DEDICATION.
This work is respectfully dedicated to THE PIONEERS,
long since departed. May the memory of those who laid down their burdens by the wayside ever be fragrant as the breath of summer flowers, for their toils and sacrifices have made Fayette County a garden of sun- shine and delights.
FOREWORD
Titles are usually indicative of labor and responsibility, but not always. The editor-in-chief of this book respectfully disclaims any just right to the responsibilities and labors naturally implied by his title.
There was a time when, with full appreciation of the interest and charm to be found in the history of Fayette county, he accepted a commission to write a story of its founding and progress, to comprise approximately one hundred and fifty thousand words. The pressure of business with the pub- lisher led to some two and one-half years of delay before it was absolutely positive that the work in full would be needed. In the meantime the mills had turned so fast, and responsibilities had gathered so rapidly, that the undertaking just mentioned was manifestly impossible. A conference took place with the publishers and it was agreed that the association of the work with the name announced as editor-in-chief had gone so far that it would be better for the work not to change this association. Consequently, the pub- lisher proposed, and it was agreed, that a historian of high ability should perform the work and that the duties of editor-in-chief should be reduced to mere consultation and to the reading of so much proof only as was devoted to the general discussion of the county and its institutions, and not including any examination or labor in connection with the biographical department of the work.
The specious philosophy of Alexander Pope declares "whatever is, is right," and so it sometimes proves. Had the writer of this preface really carried out his original plan and written a history of the county which has for so many years been his home, it would have been a far different work from the careful and detailed labor of Dr. Ernest V. Shockley. The county history is valuable, as it gives detailed and specific facts and definite positive items from which the reader shall construct his own picture of days gone by. Such a work Doctor Shockley, by reason of his learning and his association with the historical faculty of Indiana University, was amply qualified to pro- duce.
The immense labor of searching little items of detail from the records of the state offices at Indianapolis, from the county records of Franklin
· Hoavier Bocksluga 32.50
county and of Fayette county, from papers and manuscripts, deeds, wills and mortgages, now well nigh effaced by the obliterating finger of time, were a joy to Doctor Shockley and his assistants, but would have been beyond the possibilities of a man absorbed in other things.
Some day, using Doctor Shockley's data, someone will draw sketches of the typical scenes of our county. He will picture the period of the dogged retreat of the Indian ; of the rugged pioneer on the edge of civilization; of the stately days just before the war, and of the grim determination of Fayette county that the Union should be preserved. Some one will picture the story of the old canal, when Market street and the site of the Big Four freight depot and yards was a great pond, in which canal boats stood at their moor- ings, discharging the cargoes to be distributed throughout all eastern Indiana.
Someone who sees the historic old buildings at the corner of Fifth and Third streets and Central avenue, and who beholds the wide doors from second- and third-story windows, will learn that these were the headquarters of merchant princes handling a quarter of a million dollars a year in mer- chandise-a sum quite equivalent to twenty times that amount under our present conditions.
Someone will some day picture the great herds of cattle, swine and turkeys being driven in from the north and west through Connersville, often miring by the hundred in the ford which was back of where Roots Foundry now stands, in a long pilgrimage to the Cincinnati market. Someone will picture the rattling stage coaches drawing up behind the stately elms which beautified the grounds of the United States Hotel, standing where the Roots building on Central avenue now stands ; he may even step within that hostelry and see in conversation the conspicuous figures of that day-Senator Smith and the Hon. Sam. Parker, Caleb B. Smith, and not improbably Judge Oliver P. Morton, from the neighboring village of Centerville.
There is also another picture of the days long gone by of which very little actual historic record remains, but legend has it that the great French- man, the Marquis de Lafayette, thought it worth his while to visit the home of John Conner on his way to the New Harmony settlement-and when one reads the striking accounts given by the circuit riders as to the amount of silver plate displayed in the home of the one-time Indian trader, Conner, one can scarcely doubt that the reception of the great Frenchman was such as he little expected in the remote country village of Connersville.
In the hustle of today's industrial activity, when the keyword is, doing the most in the best and quickest way, the stateliness of another day has passed away. Connersville and Fayette county are fair standards of industrial, commercial and agricultural efficiency, but those of us who are in
the thick of the commercial fray of today still love occasionally to think of such reminders of another period as we can recall.
While I am proud of the productivity of our farms and the efficiency of our factories, I still love once in a while to recall the one stately figure I chanced to see in my boyhood-the Honorable Benjamin F. Claypool, a gen- tleman of the old school, a dignified, learned, aristocratic old man, daily marching between his law office and his Central avenue mansion, a heavy, silver-haired figure, with the brow and dignity of a Roman senator, though withal clothed in the more modern garb.
Had I written this history, it no doubt would have been very interesting to me, for it would put in words my admiration for the great men who have builded this community. It could not possibly have contained the fund of exact information which Doctor Shockley has secured, and which, in a way, is a monument to the great pioneers like John Conner, the great journalists and radical agitators like Matthew Robinson Hull, the great lawyers like Judge Jeremiah M. Wilson, James C. McIntosh and Reuben Conner, great manufacturers like William Newkirk, John B. McFarlan and Edward W. Ansted, and the great men in every other line of activity who have been in our midst.
I sincerely congratulate the authors of this work upon their success, and entirely disclaim any credit for having obtained or checked any of the informa- tion herein.
I wish to bear witness also to the patient persistence of the late Mr. C. M. Cyrus, without whose efforts to lay the foundation, the publishers would not have been able to bring out so large and creditable a work. I trust that in some other decade some one may take up Doctor Shockley's work where it has been left off and. supplementing it and bringing it down to date, add to this valuable contribution to the local history of our great state.
FREDERIC IRVING BARROWS.
Connersville, May, 1917.
PUBLISHERS' PREFACE
All life and achievement is evolution ; present wisdom comes from past experience, and present commercial prosperity has come only from past exer- tion and sacrifice. The deeds and motives of the men who have gone before have been instrumental in shaping the destinies of later communities and states. The development of a new country was at once a task and a privi- lege. It required great conrage, sacrifice and privation. Compare the pres- ent conditions of the people of Fayette county, Indiana, with what they were a century ago. From a trackless wilderness and virgin land, the county has come to be a center of prosperity and civilization, with millions of wealth, systems of railways, educational and religious institutions, varied industries and immense agricultural and dairy interests. Can any thinking person be insensible to the fascination of the study which discloses the aspirations and efforts of the early pioneers who so strongly laid the foundation upon which has been reared the magnificent prosperity of later days? To perpetuate the story of these people and to trace and record the social, religious, educational. political and industrial progress of the community from its first inception. is the function of the local historian. A sincere purpose to preserve facts and personal memoirs that are deserving of perpetnation, and which unite the present to the past, is the motive for the present publication. The publishers desire to extend their thanks to those who have so faithfully labored to this end. Thanks are also due to the citizens of Fayette county, for the uniform kindness with which they have regarded this undertaking, and for their many services rendered in the gaining of necessary information.
In placing the "History of Fayette County, Indiana," before the citizens, the publishers can conscientiously claim that they have carried out the plan as outlined in the prospectus. Every biographical sketch in the work has been submitted to the party interested, for correction, and therefore any error of fact, if there be any, is solely due to the person for whom the sketch was prepared. Confident that our effort to please will fully meet the appro- bation of the public, we are,
Respectfully,
THE PUBLISHERS.
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33
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I-A SHORT HISTORY OF INDIANA
First White Men in Northwest Territory-Disputed Claims to the Terri- tory-Battle of Fallen Timbers-Territory Northwest of the Ohio, 1670- 1754-French and Indian War, 1754-63-Pontiac's Conspiracy-Northwest Territory and Quebec Act-Revolutionary Period-Capture of Vincennes- Vincennes, the Oldest Settlement of Indiana-First Surveys and Early Settlers-Ordinance of 1787-First Stage of Government Under the Ordi- nance-Second Stage of Government Under the Ordinance-Indian Strng- gles, 1787-1803-Organization of the Northwest Territory-Representative Stage of Government-First Counties-First Territorial Legislature of Northwest Territory-Division of 1800-Census of Northwest Territory in 1800-First Stage of Territorial Government-Changes in Boundary Lines of Indiana-Second Stage of Territorial Government-Congressional Dele- gates of Indiana Territory-Efforts to Establish Slavery in Indiana-The Indian Lands-Organization of Counties-Changes in the Constitution of Indiana-Capitals of Northwest Territory and of Indiana-Military History -Political History-Governors of Indiana-A Century of Growth-Natural Resources-Educational System-Public Institutions.
CHAPTER II-GEOLOGY 69 Area of Fayette County-White Water River and Other Streams-Drift Formations-Soils and Their Areas.
CHAPTER III-HEINEMANN'S RESEARCHES 76
Difficulty in Tracing History of County Prior to Its Organization-John Conner, the First White Settler in Connersville-The Twelve Mile Pur- chase-An Inviting Field to the Whites-Financial Side of the Transaction -William Henry Harrison-Hack-ing-poms-kon and the Prophet-Kik- tha-we-nund, or Anderson-Petch-e-ke-ka-pon, Little Turtle and the Beaver -Our Original Pioneer-Proceedings of the Treaty-Verbatim Copy of the Journal-Mr. Heinemann's Third Monograph-The Indian Trail Down the White Water Valley-Indians Loth to Leave-Last Representative of the Aborigines-A Story of Old Ben Davis-Proper Names of the Aboriginals -Topography of the White Water Country-John Conner Clings to the Frontier-New Sites Higher Up-First Attempt to Make Wagon Road- Cincinnati as a Supply Station-Ancient Landmarks Persist-Presence of French Traders-Probable Route of the Trail-War Clouds Begin to Lower -Where was Conner's Post-Early Location of Conner's Saw-mill-Cradle of Connersville's Industries-Conner's First Frame House-Probable Site of Conner's Post-Crisis in Indian Affairs-Several Definite Traditions- Minor Changes from Original Trail-Origin of Elephant Hill's Name-Site of Old Indian Camp-Location of the Old Block-house-Whole Frontier in a Tremor-Connersville a Military Station-Business Grouped About the Trail-Only a Memory of a Long Past.
143
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER IV-JOHN CONNER
Obscurity Surrounding His Career-His Indian Wife-His Second Mar- riage-Sketch of Conner by O. H. Smith-Sketch by Mrs. Sarah Conner Christian-Further Light on the Pioneer-Diary of David Zeisberger- Sketch of Conner by Baynard R. Hall-An Interesting Old Letter.
CHAPTER V-COUNTY ORGANIZATION 155
First Mention of Fayette County by Name-Motives Back of the Organiza- tion of the County-First Limits of the County-County Government and Early Proceedings-Tavern Rates-Early Finances of the County-Dona- tion Fund-Tax Assessment for 1831 and 1861-County Receipts and Dis- bursements in 1916-First Things in the County Records-First Court House-Present Court House-Jails-Benevolent Institutions-Centennial Memorial Hospital-Fayette Sanitarium Association-Population Statistics -Naturalization of Foreigners.
CHAPTER VI-OFFICIAL ROSTER OF FAYETTE COUNTY 186 Difficulty in Determining Accuracy of List of Officers-The List, by Years up to 1852-Clerks of Circuit Court-Treasurers-Recorders-Surveyors- Auditors-Assessors-Sheriffs-Coroners-County Commissioners-Fayette County in the General Assembly-Congressmen from Fayette County.
CHAPTER VII-TOWNSHIPS OF FAYETTE COUNTY 214
Columbia Township-Boundaries-Land Entries-An Old Residence-Mills and Distilleries-Early Schools-Villages of Columbia, Nulltown, Alpine and Berlin-Connersville Township-Boundaries-Land Entries-John Con- ner and Other Early Settlers-Early Schools-Industries-Longwood and East Connersville-Fairview Township-Boundaries-Land Entries-Early Settlers-First School House-Villages of Fairview and Falmouth-Harrison Township-Boundaries-Land Entries-Early Settlers and Industries- Early Schools-Villages of Harrisburg and Hawkins-Redville, Redtown or Stumptown-Jackson Township-Land Entries-Settlement-Early In- dustries and Schools-Villages of Everton and Bentley-Jennings Town- ship-Boundaries-Land Entries-Settlement-Early Schools and Industries -Villages of Alquina and Lyonsville-Orange Township-Boundaries-Land Entries-Settlement-Early Schools and Industries-Villages of Orange and Glenwood-Posey Township-Boundaries-Land Entries-Settlement- Poll-book of Election of 1826-Some First Events-Early Schools-Village of Bentonville-Waterloo Township-Boundaries-Land Entries-Voters in 1825-Early Schools-Villages of Waterloo and Springersville.
CHAPTER VIII-TRANSPORTATION 273
The Old Indian Trail-Character of First Roads-Legislative Acts to En- courage Road-Making-The Era of Toll Roads-Roads Under the Three- Mile Law-Bridges-The'White Water Canal-Opposition to Its Construc- tion, Serious Financial Difficulties, and Its Final Disposition-Present Use of the Canal in Fayette County-Railroads and Electric Lines.
283
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER IX-AGRICULTURE
Fertility of the Soil of the White Water Valley-Radical Changes in Meth- ods of Farming-Scientific Agriculture-Farming Conditions in the Twen- ties and Implements Used by the Pioneers-Striking Contrast to Present Methods-Cattle-Horses-Hogs-Sheep-Report of County Assessor for 1916-Registered Farm Names-County Agent-Agricultural Societies and and Fairs-The Free Fair.
CHAPTER X-MILITARY HISTORY 298
The Military Period of 1816-1846-Muster Day-Mexican War-The Civil War-Relief Funds-Volunteers-Commands With Which Fayette County Men Served-Morgan's Raid-Drafts-Relief and Bounties-End of the War-Assassination of President Lincoln-Spanish-American War-Mis- cellaneous Naval and Military Notes-Military Organizations-Daughters of the American Revolution-Grand Army of the Republic-Sons of Vet- erans.
CHAPTER XI-THE BENCH AND THE BAR 323
The First Lawyer in History-Ever-present Need of Lawyers-Pre-eminent Lawyers of the County-Lawyers in Congress-Lawyer and Poet-Lawyers of Fayette County for One Hundred Years-Court History of Fayette County-Associate and Probate Judges-Separate Probate Court-Changes Under the New Constitution-Reorganization of the State Judiciary-Circuit Court Judges-Prosecuting Attorneys.
CHAPTER XII-THE MEDICAL PROFESSION 334 Character of Early Physicians-Account Book of Dr. Wilson Thompson- Early Physicians of Fayette County-A Root Doctor-Diplomas Easily Acquired-Practitioners in 1846-Fayette County Medical Society-Dentist Made His Own Tools-Roster of Fayette County Physicians.
CHAPTER XIII-BANKS AND BANKING. 344 Early Banking History in Connersville Enveloped in More or Less Obscur- ity-The State Bank of 1852-Development of Banking-A Brief History of the Various Banks, Trust Companies and Building and Loan Associa- tions of the County.
CHAPTER XIV-EDUCATIONAL HISTORY 351
The First Schools and Teachers-Description of an Early School House- Establishment of Free Public Schools-County Superintendents of Schools -Enumeration Statistics-Connersville Township-Interesting Notes of "A Rambler"-Decrease in Enumeration-The Schools of Waterloo, Jennings, Orange, Jackson, Posey, Fairview, Columbia and Harrison Townships- Fayette County Schools in 1916-17-Teachers, by Townships-Fayette County Seminary- Connersville Public Schools-Early Academy for Females-First Free Public School-Graduates of Connersville High School -City School Buildings-School Publications-Schools in 1916-17-Present High-school Enrollment-Hawkins Playground-Marguerite Thiebaud Scholarship-City School Superintendents-High School Principals-Board of Education-Connersville School Directory, 1916-17-Elmhurst School for Girls.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XV-LITTERATEURS AND ARTISTS IN FAYETTE COUNTY_ 386 Indiana's Wide Reputation as a Literary Center-Fayette County's Writ- ers-Volumes That Deserve Mention-The Poets of Fayette County-Mis- cellaneous Writers-A Few Samples of Local Poetry-Some Artists of Fay- ette County.
CHAPTER XVI-CHURCHES OF FAYETTE COUNTY 398
First Religious Movements in the County-Methodist Episcopal Churches -Baptist Churches-Christian Churches-Presbyterian Churches-United Brethren Churches-Lutheran Churches-Union Evangelical Church-Uni- versalist Churches-Seventh-day Adventists-Friends Societies-Episcopal Church-Church of Christ (Scientist)-Pentecostal Church of the Nazarene -- Colored Churches-Catholicity in Fayette County.
CHAPTER XVII-THE PRESS OF FAYETTE COUNTY 463
Difficulty in Tracing the Early History of Fayette County Newspapers- The First Papers, and Others Which Followed-Connersville Papers and Some Well-known Editors.
CHAPTER XVIII-FRATERNAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES 482
Free and Accepted Masons-Royal Arch Masons-Royal and Select Masters-Knights Templar-Order of the Eastern Star-Scottish-Rite Masons-Nobles of the Mystic Shrine-Independent Order of Odd Fellows -Daughters of Rebekah-Knights of Pythias-Pythian Sisters-Fraternal Order of Eagles-Loyal Order of Moose-Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks-Improved Order of Red Men-Haymakers Association-Degree of Pocahontas-Modern Woodmen of America-Royal Neighbors of America -Knights of Columbus-Daughters of Isabelle-Patriotic Order of the Sons of America.
CHAPTER XIX-LITERARY, MUSICAL AND SOCIAL CLUBS 504
Simplicity of Society in Early Days-A Striking Picture of Club Life in 1917-The Cary Club-The Sesame Club-A Dozen of Us-The Coterie- The Clio Club-Wednesday Literary Club-The Culture Club-Adelaide Procter Club-The Tri-Kappa Sorority-The Camerata-The Wayside Gleaners-The Merry-go-Round Club-The Labyrinth Club-The Review Club.
CHAPTER XX-THE CITY OF CONNERSVILLE 517
Location and Picturesque Situation-The Original Plat-Additions-The Early Village-An Attorney Without Money-Tavern License Granted- The First Newspaper and the First Library-Regimental Orders-Some Notable Connersville Men-Connersville in 1833-The Succeeding Decade, 1833-43-Connersville Directory in 1858-9-Connersville in 1861-Some Interesting Statistics-Renaming the Streets-Created a City-The Town Hall-Public Utilities-Fire Department-Waterworks-Public Lighting- Gas and Electricity-Sewerage System-Street Paving-Police Department -Telephones-Cemeteries-Industries-The Romance of Figures - Con- nersville's Peculiar Qualifications-Early Industries of the City-Beginning of the Furniture Industry and Other Well-known Concerns-The .Ansted Industries and Other Local Enterprises-Business Directory-The Con- nersville of Today-Evidences of Public Enterprise-Church and School Expansion -- The Postoffice-Public Library-Commercial Club-Commer- cial Club Boys' Band-"A Little Journey to Connersville"-Business Men's Credit Exchange-Some Historic Landmarks.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXI-FAYETTE COUNTY MEN OF A PAST GENERATION __ 583 Men Who Have, in One Way or Another, Contributed to the Growth of the County-Oliver Hampton Smith-Caleb Blood Smith-Samuel W. Parker-William Watson Wick-Jonathan McCarty-Minor Meeker- James C. McIntosh-Col. James C. Rea-Abram B. Conwell-Francis M. Roots-Lieut. Samuel J. Shipley-Louis T. Michener.
CHAPTER XXII-GLIMPSES OF FAYETTE COUNTY 597
"Early Indiana Trials and Sketches", by Oliver H. Smith-Arrival in Con- nersville-A Political Preacher in a Fix-A Political Jury-The Story of Betty Frazier-A Divinely Commissioned Thief Catcher-John McCormick -Reminiscences-Pioneer Days in Fayette County-Early Connersville Business Men-The Old Singing School-Independence Day, 1831-Indus- tries of Fayette County in Early Days-The Wawassa Paper-mill-Relics of Fayette County in Indiana University-A Trio of Catastrophes in Conners- ville-Mrs. Nancy Hawkins Hackleman-Connersville as a Show Town- Bunker Hill-Origin of Rural Free Delivery-Loaning Surplus Revenue Fund-Fayette County's Vote on Constitutional Conventions-An Adver- tisement of 1839-The First German Family-First Things-First Map of the County-Manifestations of Liberal Spirit-Centennial Celebration of 1916.
HISTORICAL INDEX
A
Aboriginals, Proper Names of
112
Aborigines, Last Representative of_
110
Academy for Females
371
Advertisement of 1839
623
African M. E. Church
447
Agriculture
283
Alpine
221, 413, 429, 433
Alquina-
Additions
254
Churches
400, 406
Industries, Early
254
Lodges
493, 497, 499
Merchants, First
254
Origin
254
Physicians, Early
338
Postoffice
255
Ansted, E. W.
181
Ansted Interests
557, 581
Area of County
69
Artists of the County
396
Assessors, County
202
Associate Judges
186, 328
Asylum for the Poor
175
Auditors, County
202
B
Banks and Banking
344
Baptist Churches
411
Bar, Members of the
325
Circuit Court
327
Ben Davis, Story of
111
Bench and Bar
323
Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks 495
Benevolent Institutions
174
Benevolent Societies
482
Bentley
249
Bentonville-
Altitude
114
Business Interests
266
Bentonville, Con .-
Churches
429, 433
Location
266
Merchants, Early
266
Name
266
Platted
266
Postoffice
266
Berlin
221
Betty Frazier, Story of_
599
Block-house, Old, Location of
136
Boundary Lines of State, Changes
in
47
Bridges
275
Brownsville Township
158
Bunker Hill
407, 619
C
Canal, White Water
276, 527
Capitals of Territory and State
59
Care for the Poor
175
Catastrophes, A Trio of.
615
Catholic Churches
448
Cattle
288
Census of Northwest Territory, 1800 45
Centennial Celebration
628
Centennial Memorial Hospital.
177
Christian Churches
421
Church of Christ, Scientist.
446
Churches of Fayette County
398
Circuit Judges
331
Civil War
301
Clark, Gen. George Rogers
37
210, 324
Claypool, Benjamin F.
Claypool, Newton.
161, 199, 210, 344
211, 519, 523
Clerks of the Court.
186, 198
Clubs
504
Colored Baptists
447
Columbia
218, 404
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Columbia Township-
Boundaries
214
Chuches
432, 440
Creation of
158
Distilleries
217
Enumeration
355
Land Entries
214
Mills 217, 221
Officials, First 1,58
Physicians, Early 338
Population
183
Residence, An Old.
216
Schools
217,
365
Settlement 216
Soil
71,
75
Streams
70
Teachers
368
Commissioners, County
158, 205
Congressional Delegates, Territor-
ia1
52
Congressmen
212
Conner, John
76, 86, 104, 107, 115,
118, 124, 127, 129, 143, 161, 186,
203, 224, 240, 548, 580, 605. 609
Conner, Reuben
325
Conner's Post
115, 117, 118, 124,
125, 130, 139, 141, 519
Connersville-
Additions
518
Altitude
114
Ansted Industries
557
581
Automobile Industry
558
Board of Education.
382
Boys' Band
577
Buggy Industry 555
Business Interests, 1821 520
Business Interests, 1830. 521
Business Interests, 1858. 527
Business Interests, 1917.
560
Business Men's Exchange
580
Banks
344
Canal
527
Cemeteries
543
Churches
399, 413, 422, 433,
435, 443, 445, 450, 568
City, Made a.
531
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