USA > Indiana > Marshall County > Culver > Catalogue of the Culver Summer Naval School > Part 2
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The Grounds The grounds comprise some three hundred acres, and afford the means and incentive for almost every outdoor sport. Within the school limits are athletic fields complete in every detail, cool groves of splendid forest trees, and broad green lawns with flowers and shrubbery, and sparkling fountains of deliciously cool artesian water. The outlook on every side is restful and pleasing.
The Lake Lake Maxinkuckce, on which the school is situated, is Indiana's most beautiful lake. Its shores are dotted with charming summer residences, owned and occupied during the scason by cultured people of the neighboring cities. The lake covers an arca of about twelve square miles, being abundantly large for the naval drills, and yet small enough for safe supervision. It is fed by springs, and its pure water, clean bottom of sand and gravel, and rolling, well-drained shores, confirm the statement of old residents that it is one of the healthiest spots in the United States. The United States Fish Commission maintains a station here, and keeps the lake well stocked with an abundance of game fish.
Health The healthy location, pure artesian water, regular hours, wholesome diet, the great abundance of open air exercise, and the watchfulness exercised over cadets in all matters affecting their health, insure remarkable freedom even from minor ailments. Should any cadet become indisposed, he is provided with every convenience and attention at the school hospital. This is a separate building of fireproof construction, built on the most modern sanitary plan, and completely cquipped. The medical staff consists of an experienced physician and two trained nurses.
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THE NEW MESS HALL
This building is believed to be the most beautiful and complete mess building in this country. Even the imposing exterior shown above gives but little idea of the great beauty of the interior. A magnificent vaulted ceiling covers a clear floor space of 90 x 150 feet. The walls are wainscoted with green and white marble. The woodwork is of mahogany. inlaid with ebony and holly, the floor is in mosaic of harmonizing colors. No description can give an adequate idea of this beautiful room. A large tile-lined kitchen, with the most modern equipment for the preparation and cooking of food, and the removal of waste, a bakery, preserving rooms, testing laboratory, and a $15,000 cold storage plant are in- cluded in this equipment.
A Glimpse of the Lake and Grounds. Lake Maxinkuckee Is Indlana's most beautiful lake. The school grounds skirt its north shore with an attractive expanse of shady groves and broad lawns, dotted with flowers and shrubbery and fountains of deliciously cool artesian water.
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ATHLETIC SPORTS for the whole school and not for the few is one of the most valuable and unique features of the summer course. Regular class instruction under skillful coaches is afforded in all branches of athletics, in which the beginner and the cadet lacking in physical development are given as careful attention as those who are athletically inclined.
The Buildings The living and Equipment quarters, consisting of four handsome buildings, are well ventilated and cool. They are of the best fireproof construction, carrying no in- surance, because absolutely guaranteed against danger from fire. They are equipped with modern sanitary plumb- ing, and are lighted by elec- tricity.
The gymnasium, in struc- tural excellence and com- pleteness of equipment, is a model of its kind. Out-door exercise prevails in summer, vet the gymnasium affords a capital place for recreation on rainy days and is used for boxing and dancing instruction, for special physical development requiring apparatus work, and for the weekly dances.
A complete and practical library of 4,000 carefully selected volumes, an attractive reading room, well equipped laboratories, drill hall, boathouse, barber- and tailor-shops, hospital, and armory, are the other features of the school's very complete equipment.
Rooms Cadets in barracks are quartered two in a room, cach cadet being pro- vided with a single iron bed. The rooms are light and airy, with large windows overlooking the lake or grounds. The furnishings are simple, but of excellent quality. A teacher is quartered in each hall and exercises over the cadets kindly and tactful supervision.
Camp A model camp of limited capacity is provided for those who prefer to live out of doors. The tents are of special construction and are dry and healthful. They are pitched on a well-drained hillside of sandy soil, have floors which are raised from the ground, are covered with a waterproof fly, with a 9 x 9 awning in front, are enclosed with wire screens, lighted by clectricity, equipped with Gold Medal cots, mattresses, folding tables, locker, chairs, and hanging wardrobe. Shower baths and sanitary toilet conveniences are provided as in barracks. Applicants will be given the choice between barracks and camp until the camp is filled. This choice should be stated on the application.
Cadet Mess The school prides itself on its excellent fare. The best mcats, vege- tables, fruits, cereals, and pure country milk and cream are provided in abundance. The mess hall pictured on opposite page, is not only one of the most beautiful buildings in the world, but will probably stand for many years as a model in all that pertains to the preparation, preserving and cooking of food and the disposal of waste. The Messrs. Culver, who are owners of the Wrought Iron Range Company, and who have equipped the West Point kitchens and those of many of the finest hotels in this country, have devoted all the skill and genius of their great establishment to making this equipment the finest and most complete of its kind in the world.
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OUTDOOR BASKET BALL
Cadets who are taking few or no studies, are permitted to substitute instruction in athletic sports for the regular classes of the forenoon periods but must report systematically each day. This work is under a competent coach.
Duties and The cadet rises at 6:00 A. M., and retires at 9:30 P. M. The re- Privileges tiring hour of cadets in attendance at the weekly dances or other special occasions is extended to 11:00 P. M. The forenoon is divided into periods for recitations and study and for certain practical instruction as outlined under the schedule of subjects. A portion of the afternoon is devoted to the naval drills and other out-door instruction, described in detail under the Naval Course. The remainder of the afternoon is spent at the cadet's option in various ways described further on in the catalogue under Athletics and Amusements. Cadets are not permitted to go beyond limits without a written pass. The granting of these passes and other special privileges is regulated accord- ing to the cadet's conduct grade. If so desired by parents, cadets are denied per- mission to go on the lake except when under the supervision of an officer, during boat drill. Otherwise cadets are allowed to go fishing or bathing during recre- ation by reporting departure and return to the officer of the day. Permission is denied if conditions are unsafe. The duties of the day are light, but must be per- formed with promptness and precision. The school requires of cadets neatness of person and of room, erectness of carriage, the observance of naval courtesy, purity of language, and abstinence from injurious habitsgor questionable amusements.
AN AQUATIC TUG OF WAR.
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Courses of Study
Advantages of Summer Study
A little light study, sys- tematically done each morning, does not inter- fere in the least with the resting and refresh- ing process of a boy's vacation. It rather lends zest to each day's pleasure. At the same time it keeps his mind in the habit of study, giving him a deeided advantage when he resumes his regular school course, AN OUTDOOR CLASS enables him to strengthen any weak points in his winter course of study, or to prepare for entranee examinations to college, or to acquire information along special lines not covered in his regular school course. Possibly by special coaching in one or two subjeets during the summer he may be enabled to advance a class and thus save a year in his edueation.
Methods of Each eadet receives daily the eareful individual attention of the Teaching instructor. The lessons are brief, but thorough. The cadet gets hold of principles, and learns how to study. This alone is of great value to him. Except in special eases it is recommended that cadets take not more than two studies; however, four are permitted.
Schedule of Subjects Offered and Average Time Required for Preparation and Recitation To be Consulted in Selecting Subjects for a Cadet's Course
The forenoon from 8 to 12 is divided into periods of one-half hour each. One of these periods is occupied by shore drill which all cadets are required to attend. During the other periods opportunity is afforded for study or for reeita- tion or instruetion in the subjeets given below. The average time required for both preparation and reeitation is given for each subject and in selecting subjeets as a rule not more should be taken than ean be both prepared and reeited during the forenoon. In cases where it is important to eover a considerable amount of ground night study is permissible, but is not in general recommended, the idea being to give the latter half of the day purely to outdoor exereise and relaxation.
In Cases where the Parent Enters His Son Chiefly for the Physical Benefits of the course, the morning programme may com- bine gymnastie or athletic in- struetion with one or two light subjeets such as spelling, reading [there are few boys who would not profit by a little drill in these simple subjeets] drawing, ete., or a schedule consisting entirely of out-door or gymnastic instrue- tion may be selected. In this way those not wishing to study may spend as many periods out of doors in the forenoon as de- sired, [periods not specifically
CHEMICAL LABORATORY Biological and Physical Laboratories and Drafting room are also provided.
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THE THIRD COMPANY This company is wearing the dress uniform which is used for parades, dances, and other formal military and social occasions.
A SANITARY DRINKING FOUNTAIN The supply for these fountains is furnished by the naturai pressure of artesian weiis and is deliciousiy cooi even in the warmest weather. Ali of the water used by the school is from this pure and safe source.
designated for outdoor work are spent in bar- raeks.] Outdoor periods must be definitely entered on cadets' programmes and sys- tematically observed each day in order that these cadets may be properly accounted for, and that the idea of system and regularity may pervade the prescribed portions of the day. If desired, the parent may leave the apportionment of time to the judgment of the headmaster after consultation with the boy.
In this schedule all "A" subjects re- quire an average of one hour for preparation and one-half hour for recitation. "B" subjects require two hours for preparation and one hour for recitation. Where "B" subjects are identical with "A" subjeets it is contemplated that twice as much ground is to be covered. "C" subjects, of course, require no time for preparation.
"A" Subjects [one and one-half hours] Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Trigonometry, English Grammar, English Composition, Rhetoric, American Liter- ature, English Literature, Special Reading Course in Fiction, Bookkeeping. Busi- ness Principles, Botany, Zoology, Physics, Chemistry, United States History, Greek History, Roman History, English History, Modern History, Civics, Civil Government, Navigation, Beginner's Latin, Caesar, Beginner's German, French and Spanish, Advanced German, French and Spanish.
"B" Subjects [two recitations per day; three hours], Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Literature, Physics, United States History, Beginner's Latin, Caesar, Cieero, Virgil, Greek, and Beginner's German.
"C"' Subjects [one-half hour], Writing, Physical Drill [to improve carriage or to secure special development], Seamanship, Boxing, Dancing, Reading and Typewriting.
"D" Subjects [one hour], Spelling, Mechanical Drawing, and Public Speak- ing. Instructions in any out-door game or form of athletics.
Special The chemical, physical, and biological laboratories of the school Laboratory are large and splendidly equipped. They offer an exceptional Work opportunity for interesting experimental work, either to the ad- vanced student or to the cadet who has just begun. or expects shortly to take up these subjects. For the former in chemistry, a brief but comprehensive course in qualitative analysis is arranged. The courses in botany and zoology may be most advantageously pursued during the summer season, and especially on Lake Maxinkuckee, which is acknowledged by scientists to afford a model and most interesting field for biological work of all sorts.
Special Course Most boys know very little of even the elementary principles of in Business Principles business; yet a knowledge of these fundamentals is of great value to every one, and is indispensable to those who contem- plate going directly from school into commercial work. Many parents will feel that their sons could not spend eight weeks more profitably than in remedying this deficiency. The course in general comprises study and practice in the following subjects: Commercial Papers, Business Correspondence, and
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Making the Landing.
Battery Firing at Cutters as they approach the shore.
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A LANDING DRILL AND SKIRMISH ON SHORE
This is an interesting drill. The attack on a supposed or represented enemy on shore is started with the Hotchkiss guns at long distance; the cutters meanwhile are rowed rapidly towards the land. As the keels touch bottom, the crews toss and boat their oars, spring overboard and rush the lightened cutters
on the beach. The cadets then grasp their rifles from the thwarts and extend in skirmish line for the engagement on shore.
the Fundamental Principles of Bookkeeping. Special instruction may be had in Stenography, Penmanship, and Typewriting.
Course in For cadets entering the school chiefly for the physical features and Reading who may not wish to take any of the subjects outlined in the regular courses, a course of reading under the Instructor of English is suggested. The academy library offers unusual facilities. Such a course should give any boy a fair start in the valuable habit of good reading.
Two courses are provided, one in English Fietion and one in American Fiction. Each course will eover five or six standard works. The instructor will meet daily the cadets taking this course, and talk with them about their reading. Each eadet will be expected to make himself familiar with the life of at least one of the authors studied. As much related historieal and literary matter as is pos- sible will be read.
Religious The school is non-seetarian. A high moral tone prevails. All eadets are Influences required to attend Sunday services in the school chapel, and eminent ministers of various denominations are invited to address them.
Physical The best physical results are gained from out-door exercise that Development has in it a keen element of interest. Culver Naval School fulfills this condition both in its great variety of attractive open air sports and in its required drills. Rowing and swimming are exercises of the best type, and the eadet indulges in both daily. The eadet is physically examined on en- tranee to determine his peculiar needs, and is again measured at the end of the term to show his improvement. In nearly every case there is a remarkable gain, and this by cadets who have always been accustomed to taking a great deal of exereise, as well as by those who have not previously been athletieally inclined.
Shoving off after the skirmish on shore.
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AUBEENAUBEE BAY. CUTTERS AT DRILL
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A TRACK MEET
This snap shot was taken during a meet with the Studebaker Club, of South Bend, Indiana. Outdoor athletics of every sort are encouraged and opportunity for coaching is afforded to every cadet from the youngest beginner to the trained athlete and is not limited to the school team as is so often done.
Especial attention is paid to the correction of round shoulders and deficient ehest development. The following is an average gain in the eight weeks computed from the measurements of all eadets of one term: Gain in capacity of lungs, 14.66 c. c.,; in strength of grip, 3.2 pounds; in strength of bicep, 15 pounds : of triceps, 15.78 pounds; of legs, 21.96 pounds. A special course of exercise for the correction of poor carriage, or for needed physical development is given by an experienced physical director.
Instruction Ease of manner in Dancing and pleasing address have their value in the place of business as well as in the drawing room. The following eourse has been arranged for all cadets and is given under an instructor of national repu- tation: Instruetion in correet social deportment, eorreetive exereise to secure graceful carriage, twelve lessons in dancing.
WIRELESS TELEGRAPITY Drill with portable equipment. One of the many interesting features of the sum- mer course
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CUTTER DRILL UNDER OARS
"As a matter of fact, the only spot at present where you will find the combination of jackie and schoolboy is on an inland lake in a Western State, on Lake Maxin- kuckee, at Culver, Indiana. Nor is even this an all-year-round affair; but a summer school that contents itself with a brief eight weeks session, in which man-of-war cutters play a more prominent part than classrooms. But despite its briefness, it is a session which amply justifies itself by the wealth of refreshment it affords the tired schoolboy."-The Scientific American, May 6, 1905.
MARCHING TO THE PIER FOR BOAT DRILL
Naval Instruction
Value of For the purpose of the school the naval course is primarily of value in the Course that it has every requisite of a successful outing; it makes a strong appeal to a boy's natural interests, teaches him to be at home on the water, and affords him an unequalled source of wholesome refreshment and phys- ical benefit The course, moreover, is not make-believe in any sense, but is practi- cal enough to enable a cadet, should he so desire, to qualify himself in three or four summers to become a master of a vessel. A graduate should also be competent to serve his country as an officer of its volunteer naval forces should occasion arise.
To the majority, however, the value of the course lies in the immediate physical results, and in the valuable lessons imparted even in eight weeks in preci- sion, self-control and obedience, and in the good carriage, and alert and self-con- fident, yet respectful bearing, that so many young boys lack and which are acquired by the strict observance of the rules of naval courtesy and through the potent in- fluence of the esprit de corps existing in military and naval schools of high standard.
Equipment from The Navy Depart- the United States ment, under au- Government
thority from Congress has issued to the Culver Sum- mer Naval School fourteen fully equipped man-of-war cutters. These boats are 28 feet in length, and are each fitted with two masts and accompanying sails. Themasts can be shipped or unshipped. The boat, being pro- vided in addition to its sails with ten oars, is converted at will from a sail boat to a row boat. These boats are the counter-parts of those used in similar in- struction of naval cadets at Annapolis.
THE INSTRUCTOR'S LAUNCH
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THE FOURTH COMPANY
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Recognition Each summer the cadet battalion covers substantially the same from the State course of training as that given the Naval Reserves of the various states. In recognition of this fact and of the efficiency of the work done by the cadets, the Legislature of the State of Indiana has passed a law under which the cadet battalion is organized as the First Naval Battalion of the State of Indiana. Under this law the eadet corps, besides equip- ment issned to it as a school by the National Government, receives the addi- tional equipment issued to the Naval Reserves. The officers of the school are commissioned by the Governor and cadet offi- cers by the Commandant of the School under authority of the governor.
Safety of It may be reassuring to parents to Cutters know that these boats are strong and commodious, built with very broad beams and free from danger of capsizing in any kind of weather, so that entirely inexperienced boys may be taught in them with perfect safety the art of managing boats under oars and sails. An experienced instructor is always in charge of the crews.
Motor Boat The school has added to its Drill equipment, four of the latest model, high power motor boats. The hulls are built according to designs obtained from the Navy Department and are cquipped with Truscott four cycle, four cylinder, twenty horse power engines. These afford interesting instruction to the cadets in the running of the modern gas engine and the handling of power boats.
SIGNAL DRILL On the mast are shown the flag signals and the lights of the Ardois system. The cadets to the left are signalling by hand semaphore. Mechanical semaphore signals have also been added to the equipment since this picture was taken.
POWER BOAT DRILL
The Academy has provided four launches of this type in which cadets are afforded careful instruction in the nomenclature and management of gas engines and the handling of power boats under way, both singly and in fleet formation
WALL SCALING A good form of gymnastics as well as an Interesting drill.
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Boat Drill A portion of each after- noon is devo- ted to boat drills, con- dueted in strict accord with United States naval practice. The cutters are handled alternately under oars and under sail, sometimes singly and again in formation, maneuvering in response to signals from the flag-boat, as vessels of war would respond to signals from the flagship. Gun drill and target practice are given with Hotehkiss rapid fire guns, one being mounted in the bow of each cutter. Course for First Year Cadets-Required:"`In their first summer all cadets will be instructed in sailing, rowing, and marlinspike seamanship, which includes the preservation of ropes and the making of knots and splices used in the sailor's voca- tion. They will also be instructed in the landing force and small arms regulations, semaphore alphabet and customs and courtesies of United States Naval service. Optional: 1. Small arms target practice. 2. Signalling, including wig wag, semaphore and general signals.
Course for Second Year Cadets-Cutter drill, under oars, and sail three after- noons per week. Power boat drill two afternoons per week. Instruction in landing and small arms regulations three forenoons per week. Instruction in field artillery drill with 3-inch pieces two forenoons per week. Instruction in lights, beacons, buoys and other aids to navigation; the rules of the road; elementary instruction in use of compass. Instruction as coxswains daily during 6th and 7th periods until perma- nent selection and appointment of petty officers. Optional: Wireless telegraphy, mechanical semaphore, Ardois signals, small arms target practice, blue jackets' manual.
Course for Third Year Cadets-Drill under oars and sail three afternoons per week. Instruction as coxswains of power boats and in gas engine construction two afternoons per week. Instruction in landing force and small arms regulations three forenoon drills per week. Instruction in 4-inch and Hotchkiss rapid fire gun drill two forenoon drills a week. Taking of bearings and soundings. Optional: Wire- less construction, navigation, bluejackets' manual, hints for junior officers.
Cadets who have satisfactorily completed the three summers and who are graduates of the Culver Military Academy or of any other approved secondary school, and who in addition have acquired proficiency in the following optional courses will be granted a certificate of graduation and their names will be reported to the Navy Department as efficient material for volunteer officers: Signalling, wig wag, semaphore, Ardois, general. Small arms target practice-Credit given for course in winter school.
Navigation Usc of sextant and chronometer; elementary compass corrections; rating of chronometers, adjustments of sextant; finding of a ship's position at sea by Sumner's method, nomenclature of ship, etc. Bluejackets' manual; hints for junior officers.
Cadets from All sections of the country are represented in the enrollment Distant Points of the school. Cadets come from both Atlantie and Pacific coasts, and each summer in an increasing number from the southern states, parents in the south finding that they cannot do better for their sons than to send them into a more bracing climate for the summer, under the
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A CUTTER UNDER SAIL
"If every boy could have a judicious course of sailing for himself, his powers of observation and action in an emergency would be greatly benefitted."-Editorial on Sailing-Chicago Tribune. The cutters are ideal boats in which to give this "course of sailing," broad-beamed and safe, everything done by command, and every cadet carefully instructed in every detail of the art.
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